JPH0342346B2 - - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Technical Field) The present invention relates to a method for partially uniformly and rapidly hydrolyzing the sea component of sea-island type fibers constituting a fiber structure to remove sea. .

(Prior art and its problems) A technique for melting (hydrolyzing) a fabric made of sea-island type polyester fibers so that a portion of the sea component remains is known from Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 118925/1983.

However, with this technology, it is not possible to achieve partial removal of sea components uniformly and at high speed. For example, the processing speed can be improved by increasing the alkali concentration and processing temperature, but when such processing is applied, not only the sea components but also the island components are simultaneously hydrolyzed, causing a thinning phenomenon of the island components. However, it had the disadvantage that it became more sagging, resulting in an inferior product with no firmness or waist.

(Objective of the Invention) In view of the background of the prior art, the present invention has been made through intensive studies in order to stably provide a fiber structure having a high-quality animal hair-like surface that is excellent in feel, stiffness, and rebound resilience. As a result, when de-sea treatment was performed at high temperature under extremely low alkali conditions and in the presence of a quaternary ammonium salt compound, with the addition of a kneading action at the same time, the sea components were selected without affecting the island components. The present invention was achieved by investigating the fact that seawater can be removed from the sea in a consistent and uniform manner.

According to the processing method of the present invention, the above-mentioned fiber structure having a high quality animal hair-like surface can be provided stably at high speed.

(Structure of the Invention) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has the following structure. That is, a fiber structure consisting of sea-island type fibers in which the sea component is a cationic dyeable polyester and the island component is a polymer having more alkali resistance than the sea component is mixed with caustic soda in an amount of 2 to 40% by weight of the sea component. This is a method for treating a fibrous structure, which is characterized by carrying out sea removal treatment while kneading with an alkaline aqueous solution consisting of a quaternary ammonium salt compound at a temperature of over 100°C.

(Function of composition) The cationically dyeable polyester constituting the sea component of the sea-island type fiber of the present invention is a polyester containing at least one kind of acidic group selected from carboxylic acid groups, phosphoric acid groups, and sulfonic acid groups. be.

Among such cationic dyeable polyesters, polyesters containing sulfonic acid groups have a high alkaline hydrolysis rate and are selectively susceptible to hydrolysis, so they are advantageous for preventing thinning of the island components. In particular, polyesters containing 5 mol% or more of sulfonic acid groups are excellent in the above properties.

Next, the polymer constituting the island component of the sea-island type fiber of the present invention may be any polymer having higher alkali resistance than the sea component, such as polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, a copolyester mainly composed of these, or nylon. 6. Polyamides such as nylon 66, nylon 610, and nylon 12 can be mentioned.

Among these, polyethylene terephthalate or polybutylene terephthalate is preferred because of its excellent alkali resistance, rebound properties, texture, and other fiber properties.

The fineness of the island component is selected to be 0.9 denier or less, preferably 0.1 to 0.8 denier, from the viewpoint of texture, surface characteristics, etc. In addition, the sea-island type fiber as a whole is selected to have a fineness of 1 to 20 deniers, preferably 2 to 10 deniers, from the viewpoint of texture and impact resilience.

The fibrous structures of the present invention include woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, nonwoven fabrics, artificial leathers, flocked products, boas, etc., which have such sea-island fibers as a main component. The effect of the present invention is particularly remarkable on napped and napped products.

In the present invention, a fiber structure made of such sea-island type fibers is subjected to a sea removal treatment using an aqueous alkaline solution, but even if the treatment is simply treated with an alkali, the treatment is highly uneven, and the portions that are strongly hydrolyzed are even reduced to island components. This has the drawback of partially causing thinning of the island components and significantly degrading the quality.

In order to improve this drawback, in the present invention, the amount of caustic soda in the alkaline aqueous solution is regulated to an amount commensurate with the sea components to be demarinated, and this aqueous solution is further supplemented with quaternary soda.
By adding a class ammonium salt compound, it was possible to selectively remove sea components with an accuracy several times higher than that of conventional methods and at high speed.

The first point of the present invention is that the caustic soda in the alkaline aqueous solution used in the method of the present invention is contained in the aqueous solution in an amount of 2 to 40%, preferably 3 to 35%, based on the weight of the sea component.

That is, this weight is extremely small compared to normal alkaline hydrolysis treatment, and is about 1/10 or less of the amount of alkali. Moreover, this amount is unique in that it allows the sea components to remain even if they are completely consumed.

By using such an extremely low amount of alkali, the present invention is the first to be able to selectively de-sea the sea component of cationic dyeable polyester without affecting the island component.

However, even cationic dyeable polyester cannot be hydrolyzed in the usual manner at such extremely low alkali levels.

The second point of the present invention is that a quaternary ammonium salt compound is allowed to coexist with such extremely low alkali. This can further promote selective hydrolysis, which is the objective of the present invention.

Such a quaternary ammonium salt compound has a hydrolysis promoting effect and is a compound represented by the following general formula.

Here, R ₁ : an alkyl group or alkenyl group having 8 or more carbon atoms.

_R2 : alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, aryl group, aralkyl group, and derivatives thereof.

R ₃ , R ₄ : An alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and a derivative thereof, and R ₃ and R ₄ may form a ring.

X: halogen, OH, OSO ₃ R'(R': alkyl group).

Among such compounds, R ₁ is an alkyl group having 12 or more carbon atoms, R ₂ is benzyl, and
A quaternary ammonium salt compound in which R ₃ and R ₄ are methyl groups, such as dimethyllaurylbenzylammonium chloride, is preferred because it does not affect the fibers, such as a decrease in tenacity or yellowing.

Such an ammonium salt compound is added to the alkaline aqueous solution in an amount in the range of 0.1 to 10 g. The amount to be added is appropriately selected in consideration of the desired processing speed and fiber physical properties such as rebound, texture, etc. However, care must be taken as too much of it may cause a decrease in strength and yellowing.

The third point of the present invention is the temperature conditions for sea removal. That is, in the present invention, the aqueous solution of the quaternary ammonium salt compound in the extremely low alkali is subjected to sea removal treatment at a high temperature exceeding 100°C, preferably 110°C or higher, thereby making the treatment speed superior to that of ordinary sea removal treatment. This is a comparable improvement, and even at such high speeds, extremely selective processing can be achieved.

The fourth point of the present invention is that a kneading action is added to the sea removal process at the same time. If this rubbing action is not added, the accuracy of sea removal will be extremely poor.
This does not occur uniformly, resulting in uneven processing. This processing unevenness causes unevenness in surface touch, which significantly reduces product value.

The present invention employs a process that satisfies points 1 to 4 above, and in particular employs a structure that performs a rolling action at the same time as de-sea-removal. This method succeeded in partially hydrolyzing (part of the sea component), and the resulting fiber structure made of sea-island type fibers has about 5 to 95% of the sea component removed. Since the degree of sea removal can be regulated by the amount of alkali, it is possible to provide desired surface quality and characteristics.

Such a rubbing action can be achieved by a dyeing device that shakes and flows the fabric with a liquid stream, a dyeing device that causes the fabric to flow in a liquid, or a dyeing device that is a combination of these. Furthermore, it is preferable to impart a diffusion effect such as ultrasonic vibration to such a dyeing machine.

Examples of such dyeing machines include winch type dyeing machines, paddle type dyeing machines, loco type dyeing machines, and circular type dyeing machines. Among these, the operation of flowing the fabric with a liquid stream is the most effective for the present invention, and particularly achieves sea removal with excellent uniformity. A typical device is a jet dyeing machine, such as a circular dyeing machine.

(Effects of the Invention) According to the present invention, fiber structures made of sea-island type fibers can be de-sea-treated at high speed without worrying about thinning of the island components, and the surface quality of the resulting product is extremely high. In addition, despite high-speed processing, we are able to achieve highly uniform sea removal, and at the same time, we are able to stably provide products that have a firm surface and excellent rebound resilience, especially products that look like animal hair. It is something that

In addition, conventional sea removal treatment required wastewater treatment, but the method of the present invention has a structure that completely consumes alkali, so there is no need for such wastewater treatment, and the amount of alkali used can be reduced. It is extremely advantageous in terms of cost reduction because it is a very small amount and can be processed at high speed.

The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to Examples.

Example 1 The island component is polyethylene terephthalate, and the sea component is a polyester obtained by copolymerizing polyethylene terephthalate with 5-mol% dimethyl 5-sodium sulfoisophthalate, with a sea-island ratio of 22:78.
So, the number of islands is 36, the island fineness is 0.2d, and the fineness is
A sea-island type fiber of 9.4d was obtained.

This yarn is used as the front weft, and polyethylene terephthalate 50d-24fil. breria processed yarn is used as the back weft and warp.The front weave is 5 sateen and the back weft is 2/2.
A 3-twill double-tissue fabric was created.

This fabric was processed into a raised product under the following conditions.

Relaxation treatment, scouring: Hot water treatment set at 95-98℃: Dry heat set buffing at 170℃: 4 times using sandpaper with a particle size of 120 mesh at a processing speed of 25 m/min and a paper roll rotation speed of 1050 rpm. Buffed.

Brushed finish: The cloth was raised 30 times using a Tomlinson type raising machine.

This raised fabric is used in an amount equivalent to 10% of the weight of the sea component of the sea-island type fibers constituting the surface weft of the fabric.
In an alkaline aqueous solution (bath ratio 1:20) containing 2 g of NaOH and dimethyllaurylbenzylammonium chloride at 120°C for 20 minutes,
Circular type jet dyeing machine (Hisaka Seisakusho RA-1L)
De-sea treatment was carried out using a mold). The results are shown in Table 1.

Comparative Example 1 The same process as in Example 1 was carried out except that instead of using the circular dyeing machine, only immersion was performed.

Comparative Example 2 The raised fabric of Example 1 was treated with an alkaline aqueous solution containing 3% by weight of caustic soda as a solution concentration (bath ratio 1:50, the amount of alkali is equivalent to 800% by weight in terms of sea component) in the same manner as the normal sea removal treatment. ) at 98℃
It was soaked for 30 minutes. The results are shown in Table 1.

Table 1 Sea removal property Surface quality Texture Comprehensive evaluation example 1 ○ ○ ○ ○ Comparative example 1 △ △ × × Comparative example 2 × × × × In the table Sea removal property: The nap on the surface of the brushed fabric was observed with an optical microscope
Judgment was made by observing with the naked eye under 80x magnification.

○: There is no thinning phenomenon of the island component, and the demarcation of the sea component is uniform.

△: There is almost no thinning phenomenon of the island component, but the sea removal of the sea component differs depending on the location, and there is severe unevenness in processing.

×: The phenomenon of thinning of the island component is remarkable.

Surface quality, texture: The raised state of the surface of the raised fabric was determined by visual observation and by touching with the hand.

○: Good uprightness of the hair, soft and rebound elasticity.

Δ: The uprightness of the fluff is poor depending on the location, it is fluffy and feels bad to the touch, and there is uneven stiffness and softness.

×: The fluff is noticeably stiff and there is no repellency.

Comprehensive judgment: ○: Feels luxurious.

×: There is a feeling of roughness.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A fiber structure consisting of sea-island type fibers in which the sea component is a cationically dyeable polyester and the island component is a polymer having more alkali resistance than the sea component, 1. A method for treating a fibrous structure, which is characterized in that it is subjected to a sea removal treatment while being rubbed in an alkaline aqueous solution consisting of % by weight of caustic soda and a quaternary ammonium chloride compound at a temperature of over 100°C. 2 At least 5 cationic dyeable polyesters
2. The method for treating a fibrous structure according to claim 1, wherein the polyester is a polyester containing sulfonic acid groups in an amount of mol%. 3. The method for treating a fibrous structure according to claim 1, wherein the sea removing treatment is performed using a jet dyeing machine.