JPH03279705A - Incinerator of combustion temperature controlling type - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To burn paper, organic wastes, and plastic wastes efficiently and completely by providing a refractory pebble layer in the lower section in a furnace, and an air and steam supplying pipe through which a plurality of holes opening downwards are pierced in the inside or the lower section of the refractory pebble layer. CONSTITUTION:An incinerator 1 consists of a side wall section 3 provided with a bottom wall section 2 made of a refractory heat insulating material, and an ash take-out port, and the upper section provided with a charging port 5 for wastes to be incinerated, an air introduction port 6, and a combustion exhaust gas port 7. The incinerator bottom wall section 2 and side wall section 3 are usually refractory bricks which withstand the combustion in the incinerator 1. In the lower section of the incinerator 1 a refractory pebble layer 9 is provided, and in the inside or lower section of the refractory pebble layer 9, an air and steam supply pipe 10 is provided with refractory bricks supporting both ends of the pipe horizontally. In the pipe 10 a plurality of openings which face downwards are provided, and air and steam are supplied into the furnace sufficiently. The supply of air and steam are made so as to keep the inside of the furnace at a specified temperature through control valves 13 and 14 from the pipings 11 and 12. Steam and carbon react to generate water gas and combustibility is thereby raised and various wastes to be incinerated burn completely without public harzards.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an incinerator, and more specifically, to completely burn paper, organic waste, and plastic waste while controlling the incineration temperature of the incinerator to reduce pollution. The present invention relates to an incineration temperature controlled incinerator suitable for preventing the incineration.

[Conventional technology]

Incinerators have long been used to store various combustible materials, such as paper, organic waste,
It is widely used as a device for burning solid plastic waste. However, from the viewpoint of completely burning these various wastes to make them non-polluting, at present no incinerator has been developed that can satisfy this requirement.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

Therefore, the present invention solves the problems of the conventional incinerator described above and provides a temperature-controlled incinerator suitable for efficiently and completely burning paper, organic waste, and plastic waste. The purpose is to

[Failure to solve the problem]

According to the present invention, in an incinerator comprising a bottom wall portion and a side wall portion made of a fire-resistant and heat-insulating material, and an upper portion provided with a material to be burned inlet, an air inlet, and a combustion exhaust port, a lower part of the incinerator is provided. Provided is a combustion temperature controlled incinerator, characterized in that a refractory gravel layer is provided, and air and steam supply pipes with a plurality of downward openings are provided inside or below the refractory gravel layer. be done.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but it goes without saying that the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

In FIG. 1, an incinerator 1 includes a bottom wall part 2 made of a fire-resistant and heat-insulating material, a side wall part 3 having an ash outlet, an inlet for materials to be burned 5, an air inlet 6, and a combustion exhaust outlet (chimney) 7. It consists of an upper part 4 with a

The incinerator bottom wall part 2 and side wall part 3 can be made of any material as long as it can withstand combustion in the incinerator, but usually firebrick can be used as a fireproof and heat-insulating material. Note that these furnace wall materials include steel walls (for example, inner SU
It is also possible to construct the outer part (S, outer SS) into a cavity, and to use it by sealing a heat-resistant and heat-retaining material inside.

The upper part 4 of the incinerator is provided with an inlet 5 for various kinds of waste, and the inlet 5 is provided with a lid 8 and is equipped to input waste in a pano-thousand manner.

Although there is no particular limitation on the structure of the lid 8, it is preferable that the lid 8 be attached to the upper part 4 of the incinerator I with a spring type so as to function as a safety valve. The upper part 4 of the incinerator is provided with one or more air inlets 6 (for example, an orifice-like or suitable control valve so that the flow M can be adjusted). combustion.

In addition to an ash outlet, the side wall of the incinerator 1 is provided with a burner to assist in ignition and in cases where self-combustion is difficult.

In the lower part of the incinerator 1, there is a surface] fire gravel layer 9 (for example, brick,
rubble and other crushed refractory materials).
For example, gravel with a diameter of about 50 to 70+ nm is filled into the bottom of the furnace directly or via a suitable support, as shown in FIG. This refractory gravel layer 9 performs the function of a conventional furnace rosdol, but it is usually easier to maintain than a general rosdol made of steel, for example, and has a heat retention effect (i.e., it is continuously When switching from one hatch to the next during incineration, the gravel layer retains heat, making it easier to start the next incineration).

According to the present invention, the air and steam supply pipe 10 is held horizontally within the refractory gravel layer 9 (see FIG. 1) or under the refractory gravel layer (not shown) by supporting refractory bricks at both ends. The furnace is arranged so that air and steam are supplied into the furnace.

For this purpose, the tube 10 is provided with a plurality of openings oriented downward so that air and steam are uniformly supplied into the furnace. Air and steam are supplied from pipes 11 and 12 through control valves 13 and 14, respectively, to maintain the temperature inside the furnace at a predetermined value. The temperature inside the furnace is controlled by a temperature sensor 15 that detects the temperature inside the furnace, and a controller 16 that detects the temperature inside the furnace. The desired temperature inside the furnace varies depending on the type of material to be burned, but generally the maximum temperature is about 1200°C. In the present invention, 500 to 1000
Control at °C.

Although the total opening area of the air and steam supply pipe 10 can be changed as appropriate depending on the design specification conditions, it is generally 50 to 90% of the cross-sectional area of the pipe 10, preferably 70 to 8%.
It is appropriate to set it to 0%. Further, there is no particular limitation on the supply ratio of air and steam, and the control valves 13 and 14 are appropriately controlled so that the temperature inside the furnace becomes a predetermined value.

The steam supplied to the air and steam supply pipe 10 can be supplied from the outside, but as shown in FIG. The combustion heat produced can generate steam and supply it to the bottom of the furnace. Therefore, according to the present invention, there is no need to supply water vapor from the outside, and there is an advantage that the system can be self-supplied within the system.

The exhaust gas combusted in the incinerator 1 of the present invention is discharged into the atmosphere from an exhaust port (chimney) 7 after sieving out entrained solid matter with a suitable wire mesh 18 made of stainless steel, for example. Note that the second combustion zone 19 downstream of the wire mesh 18 is equipped so that air and steam can be further supplied, and the exhaust gas can be rendered harmless by further combustion if necessary.

[For production]

According to the present invention, in order to cause complete smokeless combustion of various types of incineration materials, it is necessary to adjust the amount of air and temperature required for each type of incineration material. Particularly in the case of plastic, if the temperature is raised too high, it will continue to melt and will not turn into gas, preventing complete combustion.

In conventional incinerators, -M has not been incorporated to this extent, and at most the amount of material to be incinerated is increased or decreased, or the amount of air is adjusted.This makes it impossible to adjust the combustion temperature and reduces work efficiency. Too bad.

In contrast, the present invention is a method of controlling combustion temperature by injecting steam into the supply air or supplying steam separately from the supply air. In other words, when the temperature rises too much (generally over 1000°C),
Increase the amount of water vapor supplied and freeze the amount of water vapor if the temperature drops too much. This makes it possible to control the temperature efficiently.

Some use water instead of steam, but in this case, the latent heat of vaporization of water is large, making it difficult to control the combustion temperature, which is not preferred.

Here, the steam may be supplied by self-generated steam from the incinerator, or may be introduced from another source.

Further, although the amount of water stem air and air supplied may be controlled manually, work efficiency can be further improved by incorporating an automatic control mechanism.

In addition, there are 100 other benefits of using water vapor.
When it is allowed to burn at temperatures below 0°C, it also has the side effect of reacting with carbon to produce water gas, which contributes to combustion.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention, as explained above, the combustion temperature of paper, organic waste, and plastics can be controlled by the temperature control effect of water stalks, and the temperature in the furnace can exceed 1000°C. In some cases, depending on the conditions, water vapor and carbon may react to generate water gas, which may increase combustibility, so that the various substances to be combusted can be completely combusted and become non-polluting.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a drawing showing a preferred embodiment of the incinerator according to the present invention. The main symbols in the figure are as follows. ■...Incinerator, 2...Bottom wall part, 3...Side wall part 4...Top part, carcass...Exhaust material input lower...Exhaust port (chimney), 9...Refractory gravel layer 10・
... Air and steam supply pipe 17 ... Suito generator

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In an incinerator consisting of a bottom wall and side walls made of fire-resistant and heat-insulating material, and an upper part equipped with an inlet for materials to be burned, an air inlet, and a combustion exhaust outlet, a layer of refractory gravel is installed in the lower part of the furnace. A combustion temperature controlled incinerator characterized in that an air and steam supply pipe having a plurality of downward openings is disposed inside or below the refractory gravel layer.