JPH03279283A - Tool part material of coated ceramic sintered material having excellent wear resistance - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a tool part material having improved resistance to release, resistance to plastic deformation and resistance to weld by coating the surface of a substrate material made of an oxide-based ceramic sintered material with a thin film comprising an inner layer of a metal or alloy and an outer layer of ceramics. CONSTITUTION:The aimed tool part material is composed of a coated ceramic sintered material having an inner layer and an outer layer in at least a surface of a substrate material of an oxide-based ceramic sintered material and following techniques are adopted. Namely, the inner layer is composed of single layer or double layer of at least a species selected from metal such as Ti, Zr and Hf, and mutual alloy of the metals, the outer layer is composed of single layer or double layer of at least a species selected from carbide, nitride, carbonate and nitrate of Ti, Zr and Hf, aluminum oxide and mutual solid solution of the compounds and total thickness of the inner layer and the outer layer is <=1.5mum. Preferably, thickness of the inner layer is <=0.5mum and thickness of the outer layer is <=1.0mum.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Industrial Application Field) The present invention provides adhesiveness and resistance to the surface of a base material of an oxide ceramic sintered body containing aluminum oxide and/or zirconium oxide as a main component. The present invention relates to a coated ceramic sintered tool member on which a thin film with excellent abrasion resistance is formed, making it suitable as a tool material for cutting previews or wear-resistant tools.

(Conventional technology) Conventionally, a thin film is formed on the surface of a ceramic sintered body,
Attempts have been made to use it as a decorative material or cutting tool material, and a representative example is the
No. 1-14942, Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 1983-217477
There are Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 58-217481.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) JP-A-51-14942 discloses that a lower layer of Ti metal or TiC, ZrO□ ceramics is formed on the surface of an alumina ceramic sintered body or a zirconia ceramic sintered body, A decorative multilayer coating is disclosed comprising a decoratively colored outermost layer of TiN, ZrN. This publication states that ceramic sintering is used to create a coating that satisfies the following requirements: that it increases the bonding strength with the base material, that it is thick enough to smooth out unevenness on the base material surface, that it has hardness and a decorative color. This is an excellent invention that has been completed as a decorative multilayer coating by forming it on the base material of the body. However, the multilayer coating disclosed in the same publication has a coating structure suitable for decorative purposes, but when applied as a tool material, the adhesion strength between the base material and the coating is poor; As a result, there is a problem in that the film peels off.

JP-A No. 58-217477 discloses that at least the surface of the cutting edge portion is made of metal carbide, nitride, carbonitride and/or
Or, a ceramic throwaway coated with one or more layers of oxide and a coating layer of 20 μm or less is disclosed. Further, JP-A-58-217481 discloses a ceramic indexable tip in which at least the surface of the cutting edge portion is covered with a coating layer of 20 μm or less of one or more metals or alloys. There is. In both of these publications, when used as a cutting tool, i, 0.
A coating layer is formed on the surface of a ceramic sintered body, making it easier to manage the use of cutting tools.

However, the ceramic indexable tip disclosed in the former publication has a thick coating layer that easily peels off.
There is a problem in that when the coating layer is peeled off, the base material is also damaged, or that fine cracks that have entered the brittle coating layer propagate inside the base material and cause the coating layer and the base material to be damaged together. In addition, the ceramic indexable insert disclosed in the latter publication has a thick and soft coating layer, so it easily deforms plastically, and it also tends to interact with the work material, which is the mating material, so it is crimped onto the cutting edge. There is a problem in that separation and welding and peeling occur repeatedly, resulting in damage to the coating layer and the base material. The tool members disclosed in both of these publications are not ideal and have problems in terms of wear resistance.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems. Specifically, the present invention is to form a very thin film consisting of an inner layer of metal or alloy and an outer layer of ceramics on the surface of a base material of a ceramic sintered body. Formed and peel resistant.

The object of the present invention is to provide a coated ceramic sintered tool member with excellent wear resistance due to improved plastic deformation resistance and welding resistance.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present inventors have found that oxide-based ceramic sintered bodies, particularly aluminum oxide-based ceramic sintered bodies, are more effective in cutting steel thread work materials than other tool materials. As a tool material, it has poor wear resistance, so we were considering forming a thin ceramic film on the surface of an aluminum oxide ceramic sintered body to improve wear resistance. First, aluminum oxide When the surface of the base material of a ceramic sintered body is coated with active metals such as Ti, Zr, and IN, the adhesion between the base material and the active metal is significantly improved;
On the surface of this active metal, carbides of Ti, Zr, and Hf,
We have found that when a thin film of ceramic such as nitride is formed, the adhesion strength between the active metal and the thin ceramic film is significantly improved.

Second, an inner layer of active metals such as Ti, Zr, and Hf and an outer layer of ceramics such as metal carbides and nitrides are formed on the surface of the base material of the aluminum oxide ceramic sintered body, and the material is used as a cutting tool member. When used, severe cutting conditions involving pressure and heat show that there is a significant correlation between the thickness of the thin film of the inner and outer layers and the peeling resistance and plastic deformation resistance of the thin film, especially when the sum of the inner and outer layers is We have found that when the thickness of the thin film is reduced, the peeling resistance and plastic deformation resistance are significantly improved, and as a result, the wear resistance is significantly improved.

The present invention has been completed based on the above first and second findings.

That is, the coated ceramic sintered body with excellent wear resistance of the present invention is a coated ceramic sintered body formed by forming an inner layer and an outer layer on at least one surface of a base material of an oxide ceramic sintered body, The inner layer is a single layer or a multilayer of at least one of Ti, Zr, and Hf metals and mutual alloys thereof, and the outer layer is a carbide, nitride, carbonate, and nitride of Ti, Zr, and Hf. , aluminum oxide and a mutual solid solution thereof, and the total thickness of the inner layer and the outer layer is 1.5
It is characterized by being smaller than μm.

The base material of the coated ceramic sintered body with excellent wear resistance of the present invention is a sintered body containing aluminum oxide and/or zirconium oxide as a main component, and other components include, for example, Carbides, nitrides, and oxides of Group 4a, 5a, and 6a metals.

Borides and their mutual solid solutions, aluminum nitride,
Metal compounds such as silicon nitride, silicon oxide, rare earth metal oxides, calcium oxide, or SiC whiskers,
It may contain at least one kind of 5IsNa whiskers, carbon whiskers, etc., or trace amounts of iron group metals mixed in from the manufacturing process, specifically, for example, 8β203 MgO-based sintered bodies, 82.203 −
TiC-based sintered body, Al220°Ti fc, Nl
system sintered body, Al203-TiN system sintered body.

Al2 zO-T+ (C, N, ol-based sintered body,
Aj! , 03- SiC whisker-based sintered body, ZrO
□-Y203 series sintered body.

ARzOs-ZrL sintered body, Aρ20s ZrL
Examples include SIC whisker-based sintered bodies.

The inner layer coated on the surface of this base material is Ti; 7. r
.

It is made of at least one active metal or active alloy among Hf metals and their mutual alloys, and in particular, the thickness of this inner layer is 0.5 μm from the viewpoint of plastic deformation resistance and peeling resistance.
The thickness is preferably 01 to 03 μm or less, taking into account the strength of the adhesion between the base material and the inner layer.

Specifically, the outer layer coated on the surface of the inner layer is, for example, TiC, ZrC, HfC, TiN, ZrN, Ti.
fC,01゜ZrfC,0), Ti(N,01.Z
r(N, 0), (Ti, Zr)C.

[Ti, Zr) (C, 0), (Ti, Zrl f
N, 01. Ti (C0N, 01°(T+, Zr)
Examples include fc, N, ol, Al220s, and the like. This outer layer may have a non-stoichiometric composition, and its thickness is preferably 1.0 μm or less from the viewpoint of peeling resistance and chipping resistance. Taking this into account, it is more preferably 0.5 to 0.9 μm. When the total thickness of these inner and outer layers exceeds 1.5 μm, peeling or chipping occurs within the coating layer when used as a harsh tool material such as a cutting tool or a wear-resistant tool. As a result, damage or chipping occurs even in the base material, resulting in a shortened lifespan. For this, the total thickness of the inner and outer layers is 1
It is 5 μm or less, more preferably 1.0 μm or less.

When producing the coated ceramic sintered compact tool member of the present invention with excellent wear resistance, the conventional oxide ceramic sintered compact is brought into a polished surface state, or a surface state after sintering or heat treatment, and then , ion blating is traditionally performed on its surface.

physical vapor deposition method + PVD method using sputtering, laser, etc.)
This method forms an inner layer, and then the outer layer is formed using a PVD method, or the outer layer is formed using a conventional chemical vapor deposition method (CVD method) or a plasma CVD method.
This can be done using method D.

Depending on the manufacturing conditions at this time, particularly the processing temperature for forming the outer layer, mutual reactions may occur between the base material and the inner layer, and between the inner layer and the outer layer. In this case, a nonmetallic element will enter into the inner layer adjacent to the outer layer or the inner layer adjacent to the base material. In order to suppress the intrusion of nonmetallic elements into the inner layer as much as possible, it is preferable to lower the processing temperature of the inner layer and the outer layer.

(Function) The coated ceramic sintered tool member with excellent wear resistance of the present invention has an inner layer that acts as a mediator for adhesion between the base material and the outer layer, and is also suitable for use under conditions where severe impact or heat is applied. When used, it has a buffering effect and a heat dissipation effect on the tool material, and the outer layer has a function of increasing wear resistance.

(Example) Example 1 Commercially available Al;l, 0. -30wL%Ti (
Using a C,Nl ceramic sintered body as a base material, this base material was installed in a hollow hot cathode type ion brating reactor, and the atmosphere inside the reaction vessel was set to 10-', a pressure of 10-'.
Torr, electron beam at 40v 1500A, substrate temperature 200°C to coat titanium metal on the surface of the substrate (first treatment), then atmosphere inside the reaction vessel at 50V
of1%Ar-50von%Nz, pressure In-'T
orr and a substrate temperature of 500° C. (secondary treatment) to obtain product 1 of the present invention.

For comparison, a comparison amount of 1 was obtained by maintaining the treatment times of the above-mentioned primary treatment and secondary treatment approximately 2 to 3 times longer, and performing the other treatment under the same conditions. In addition, comparative amount 2 was obtained by performing only the secondary treatment without performing the above-mentioned primary treatment, and performing the other treatment under the same conditions. Further, Comparative Amount 3 was obtained by performing only the above-mentioned first treatment and not performing the second treatment under the same conditions.

When the product 1 of the present invention thus obtained and comparative amounts 1 to 3 were investigated using a scanning electron microscope, a scanning Auger electron microscope, and an X-ray analysis, it was found that product 1 of the present invention had an inner layer of Ti with a thickness of 03 μm and an outer layer with a thickness of 06 μm. The comparison amount l is Ti with a thickness of 0.6 μm in the inner layer and Ti with a thickness of 1.5 μm in the outer layer.
Comparative amount 2 consisted of only a 25 μm thick TiN layer, and comparative amount 3 consisted of only a 30 μm thick T1 layer.

A cutting test was conducted under the following (Al turning test conditions) using these inventive products 1 and comparative quantities 1 to 3, and a comparative quantity 4 consisting only of the above-mentioned base material, and the average cutting time of each sample was The amount of flank wear was determined and the results are shown in Table 1.

iAl turning test conditions Work material SCM 415 Carburizing and quenching IHRc 601
Cutting speed 100m/min Depth of cut 0.2mm Feed rate 0.1 mm/rev Tool shape 5NGN 120408 Brehoning Gro+5X-256 Wet cutting Below margin Observe the wear and damage state of each sample at each cutting time shown in Table 1 As a result, inventive product 1 had a normal wear pattern with no peeling of the thin film even after 60 minutes of cutting, whereas comparative material 1 showed slight peeling of the thin film after 40 minutes of cutting. 2, the thin film peeled off after 30 minutes of cutting;
Comparative amount 3 caused peel-like peeling of the thin film after 20 minutes of cutting, and comparative amount 2.3 had a slightly rougher surface roughness of the workpiece material than inventive product 1 after 60 minutes of cutting. It was a trend.

Example 2 Commercially available Al2zos-40wt%Zr0i
Using the ceramic sintered body as a base material, the first treatment and the second treatment were carried out in the same manner as inventive product 1 of Example 1 to obtain inventive product 2.

For comparison, Comparative Amount 5 was obtained by using the same base material as Invention Product 2 and subjecting it to the same surface treatment as Comparative Amount 1 in Example. Further, using the same base material, the same surface treatment as Comparative Amount 2 of Example 1 was performed to obtain Comparative Amount 6. Furthermore, using the same base material, the same surface treatment as Comparative Amount 3 of Example 1 was performed to obtain Comparative Amount 7.

Inventive product 2 thus obtained and comparative amounts 5 to 7 were investigated in the same manner as in Example 1, and it was found that inventive product 1 consisted of an inner layer of TI with a thickness of 0.3 μm and an outer layer of TiN with a thickness of 1.0 μm. Ori,
Comparison amount 5 consists of an inner layer of T1 with a thickness of 0.7 μm and an outer layer of TiN with a thickness of 17 μm, comparison amount 6 consists of only a 26 μm thick TiN layer, and comparison amount 7 consists of a T1 layer with a thickness of 3.1 μm.
It consisted only of the i-layer.

A cutting test was conducted under the following (Bl turning test conditions) using these invention products 2 and comparative quantities 5 to 7, and a comparative quantity 8 consisting only of the above-mentioned base material, and the average cutting time of each sample was The amount of flank wear was determined and the results are shown in Table 2.

(BL turning test conditions Work material SCM 415 carburized and quenched fHRc 5B-63) Cutting speed 150 m/min Depth of cut 0.5 mm Feed 0.1 mm/rev
Tool shape 5NGN 120408 Brehoning 0 15× - 5 Dry cutting Below margin We observed the wear and damage state of each sample at each cutting time shown in Table 2. No peeling occurred and the wear pattern was normal, whereas Comparative Sizes 5 and 6 had slight peeling on the thin film after 20 minutes of cutting, and Comparative Size 7 had a peel-like appearance on the thin film after 15 minutes of cutting. Peeling had occurred.

(Effects of the Invention) The coated ceramic sintered tool member with excellent wear resistance of the present invention is less likely to form a thin film than the conventional comparative quantity and the comparative quantity deviated from the present invention, and is less susceptible to peeling of the thin film. Micro-chipping of the base material is less likely to occur, and as a result, wear resistance can be improved, and the surface roughness of the other material such as the workpiece is less likely to decrease.Especially in dry cutting, comparative amount The effect in wet cutting is remarkable, with the lifespan being improved by 5 to 10 minutes compared to the comparative amount, and the life being improved by 20 to 30 minutes in wet cutting compared to the comparative amount. Also,
The coated ceramic sintered tool member with excellent wear resistance of the present invention has different colors of the base material and the thin film, especially the outer layer, so that it can be used before and after use, unlike conventional products. Naturally, it also has the control effect of identification, making it an industrially useful material.

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A coated ceramic sintered body comprising an inner layer and an outer layer formed on at least one surface of a base material of an oxide-based ceramic sintered body, the inner layer being made of metals such as Ti, Zr, and Hf or mutual alloys thereof. The outer layer is a single layer or a multilayer of at least one of Ti, Zr, Hf carbides, nitrides, carbonates, oxynitrides, aluminum oxides, and mutual solid solutions thereof. 1. A coated ceramic sintered tool member with excellent wear resistance, comprising a single layer or multiple layers, and having a total thickness of the inner layer and the outer layer of 1.5 μm or less. (2) A coated ceramic sintered tool member with excellent wear resistance as set forth in claim 1, wherein the inner layer has a thickness of 0.5 μm or less. (3) A coated ceramic sintered tool member with excellent wear resistance according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the outer layer has a thickness of 1.0 μm or less.