JPH03271691A - Control system for drying in grain drier - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent the uneven drying of grains by a method wherein the circulating amount of the grains is increased and drying is continued when a moisture sensor has detected once a moisture lower than a finishing target moisture while the drying is stopped when the average of grain moistures in one circulation, which is lower than the set finishing target moisture, is detected. CONSTITUTION:When a grain drier 6 is started, hot air, coming from a burner 16 and provided with a set temperature, passes through a ventilating chamber 12 and a drying chamber 2 and is discharged by an air discharging fan 4 through a discharging air chamber 14 while grains in a reserving chamber 1 are dried while flowing down through the drying chamber 2 and are returned to the reserving chamber 1 through a grain collecting trough 11, a supplying trough 26, a grain elevator 23, a throwing tube 25 and a diffusing board 22. When a moisture sensor 5 has detected once a moisture, same as or lower than a finishing target moisture, the delivery valve is rotated to increase the flow and, simultaneously, the set temperature of hot air is controlled so as to be lowered and the moisture sensor 5 is controlled so that short time-interval operation is effected and the moisture of the grain is detected multitude of times. When the average value of moistures, detected during one circulation of the charging amount of grains, is operated and the operated value is same as or lower than a set finishing target moisture, the operation of the drier 6 is stopped automatically.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Industrial applications The present invention relates to a drying control method for a grain dryer.

Conventional technology In the past, while grains were flowing down from the storage chamber in the upper part to the drying chambers in multiple upper and lower stages in the lower part, the amount of grains to be loaded was set from a hot air device installed in each drying chamber, for example, from a burner. The set hot air temperature is generated, and this hot air passes through this drying room and is sucked out to the outside of the machine by an exhaust fan installed separately in the drying room, so that the grains flowing down this drying room are The grains are dried by being exposed to hot air, and the moisture of the drying grains is detected by a moisture sensor. Once the detected grain moisture is equal to the finishing target moisture, the grain dryer This was a drying control system in which drying of grains was stopped by automatic stop control.

Problem to be Solved by the Invention Grain is repeatedly circulated from an upper storage chamber to a plurality of lower drying chambers and flowing down. A set hot air temperature is generated depending on the grain size, etc., and this hot air is individually sucked and exhausted by the exhaust fan installed in each drying room, and passes through each drying room. The grains flowing down are exposed to this hot air and dried, and the moisture of the drying grains is detected by a moisture sensor, and once the detected grain moisture is the same as the finishing target moisture Then, the grain dryer is automatically controlled to stop drying the grains.

When the dryer has multiple stages of drying chambers, the amount of grain in the paste is large, and it may take 3 to 4 hours for the grain to circulate once. In such a situation, once the detected grain moisture reaches the set finishing target moisture, if you control the drying of the grain to stop before the grain has gone through one cycle, there will be some undried parts and the grain will dry unevenly. This can cause the quality of the grain to deteriorate, and this is something that is intended to be prevented.

Means for Solving the Problems This invention uses hot air generated from a hot air device 3 provided separately for the drying chambers 2 to dry the grains flowing down from the upper storage chamber 1 through the lower drying chambers 2 in multiple stages. In a grain dryer that dries while suctioning and exhausting air using an air exhaust fan 4 provided separately from a drying chamber 2, once a moisture sensor 5 that detects grain moisture detects a moisture level below a finishing target moisture level, the grains flow down the drying chamber 2. The amount of grain circulation is increased and controlled to continue drying until the loaded grains have circulated once, and drying is performed based on the detection that the average grain moisture detected during this cycle is less than the set finishing target moisture content. The drying control method is characterized by stopping the drying process.

Effect of the Invention While the grain is repeatedly circulated from the upper storage chamber 1 to the lower drying chambers 2 in multiple stages, for example, three stages, and flowing down, the grains are blown out from the burner of the hot air device 3 provided separately for each of the drying chambers 2. A set hot air temperature set according to the grain content etc. is generated, and this hot air is individually sucked and exhausted by the exhaust air 1i14 provided separately in the three-stage drying room 2. The grains flowing down the three-stage drying chamber 2 are exposed to this hot air and dried, and the moisture in the drying grains is detected by the moisture sensor 5. Once grain moisture is detected to be the same as the finishing target moisture, each drying chamber 2
The circulating amount of grains flowing down is controlled to increase by a predetermined amount, and with this increasing control, drying is continuously controlled until the amount of packed grains has circulated once, and the grains detected during this circulation are The average grain moisture content is calculated, and if the calculated average grain moisture content is the same as or less than the finishing target moisture content, the grain dryer is controlled to stop and the drying of the grains is stopped.

Effects of the Invention According to the present invention, once the moisture sensor 5 detects that the moisture content is below the finishing target level, the amount of grain circulating in each drying chamber 2 is increased and the grain is circulated once in a short period of time. Drying is continuously controlled until the grain amount goes through one cycle, the moisture content of the grains during this cycle is detected and averaged, and the stop of grain drying is controlled based on this calculated average grain moisture content. This eliminates uneven drying of the grains, making it possible to obtain good dried grains.

Embodiment The mechanism 7 of the four-grain dryer 6 when rotated has a rectangular shape that is long in the front and back direction and is made up of front and rear wall plates and left and right wall plates, and the upper end of this mechanism 7 has a transfer gutter 8 with a transfer spiral inside. A ceiling plate 9 is provided, and under the ceiling plate 9, a storage chamber 1 for storing grains is formed in the upper part of the mechanism 7, and below this storage chamber 1, there are, for example, three upper and lower ventilation mesh plates. The upper drying chambers 2 formed between the upper drying chambers 2 are arranged side by side and communicated with each other, and below each of the upper drying chambers 2, the middle drying chambers 2 formed between the ventilation mesh plates are arranged side by side and communicated with each other. Below each of the drying chambers 2, lower drying chambers 2 formed between ventilation mesh plates are arranged in parallel and communicated with each other, and at the bottom of each of the lower drying chambers 2 there is a feed-out valve 1 for feeding and flowing grains.
0 is rotatably supported on a shaft, and a grain collection gutter 11 rotatably equipped with a transfer spiral is provided below each of the drying chambers 2 in the lower tier to communicate with each other. Each drying chamber 12 is formed in three stages, upper and lower, and a hot air temperature sensor 13 for detecting the temperature of the hot air in this ventilation chamber 12 is provided in each of these ventilation chambers 12. This is a configuration in which exhaust chambers 14 are formed in stages.

The mechanism 7 on the front side has this drying! An operating device 15 for starting and stopping the drying chamber 6 is provided, and a hot air device 3 consisting of a burner case 17 with a burner 16 inside is provided in the front side of each of the drying chambers 2 in the upper and lower stages. The mechanism 7 on the side
On the rear side, exhaust duct chambers 18 are provided in upper and lower three tiers on the rear side of the drying chamber 2 in upper and lower tiers. An exhaust fan motor 19 for rotationally driving the wind fan 4 is provided, and the burners 16 in the upper and lower three stages and the respective drying chambers 2 in the upper and lower three stages are individually connected to each other. The upper and lower three-stage exhaust fans 4 are configured to communicate with each other individually through the upper and lower three-stage exhaust passage chambers 18, and the lower part of the mechanism 7 on the rear side is provided with a deceleration valve 10 for each delivery valve 10. This configuration includes a variable speed valve motor 21 that is rotationally driven at variable speeds via a mechanism 20.

A supply port for supplying the transferred grains into the storage chamber 1 is provided at the center in the longitudinal direction of the bottom plate of the transfer gutter 8, and a supply port is provided below the supply port to uniformly spread the grains into the storage chamber 1. This configuration includes a diffusion plate 22 for reduction.

The grain raising machine 23 is installed in the front part of the mechanism 7 on the front side, a packet conveyor 24 belt is stretched inside, and a discharging cylinder 25 is provided between the upper end and the starting end of the transfer gutter 8 for communication. A supply gutter 26 is provided between the lower end and the terminal end of the grain collecting gutter 11 to communicate with each other.

A grain raising motor 27 provided on the upper part of the grain raising machine 23 rotates the belt of the packet conveyor 24, the transfer spiral in the transfer gutter 8, the spreading plate 22, etc., and also rotates the belt in the grain collecting gutter 11. The configuration is such that the transfer spiral is rotationally driven via the packet conveyor 24 belt.

Further, a moisture sensor 5 is provided at the vertical center of the grain raising machine 23, and this moisture sensor 5 is connected to the packet conveyor 24.
The moisture sensor 5 receives the grains that fall while being conveyed to the upper part, and by transmitting electrical measurement signals at predetermined time intervals from the operating device 15, each part of the moisture sensor 5 is controlled by the rotation of the internal moisture motor 29. At the same time, it is rotated and crushed under pressure.
The moisture sensor 5 detects the moisture content of the crushed grains a plurality of times, for example, five times, calculates the average value of these five times, and calculates the average value of the five times. This is a configuration that displays the detected grain moisture value.

The operating device 15 has a box shape, and the surface plate of the box has a
A start switch 30 for starting the dryer 6 and a stop switch 3 for stopping the dryer 6 for each of loading, drying and discharging operations.
1. The temperature of the hot air generated from each burner 16 is set according to the operation position of the grain type and grain loading amount. Grain type setting setting 32, loading amount setting setting 33, and finishing target moisture content of grains. Moisture setting setting 34 set depending on the operating position, the moisture setting setting 34, grain moisture detected by the moisture sensor 5,
A display window 35 and a monitor display are provided to alternately display the hot air temperature, remaining drying time, etc. detected by each of the hot air temperature sensors 13, and the detection values detected by each of the sensors 5, 13, etc. are displayed A-D. A-D converter 37 to convert. An input circuit 38 into which the converted value converted by this A-D converter 37 is input.
, each switch 30.31 and each setting 32.33
An input circuit 39 into which the operations of 34 are input, and a CPU 40 which performs arithmetic and logical operations, comparison operations, etc. on various input values input from these input circuits 38 and 39. It receives various commands from this CPU 40 and outputs them. The drying control device 42 is provided with an output circuit 41, etc., and each of the settings 32, 33, and 34 is a rotary switch type, and a predetermined value, type, etc. are set according to the operating position. .

The drying control by the drying control device 42 is performed as follows, and the operation of the moisture setting controller 34 is performed by the CPU.
40, this input sets the finishing target moisture content of the grains, and the CPU 40 controls, for example, up to 2% of the set finishing target moisture content.
The moisture sensor 5 is operated and controlled at intervals of 10 minutes, which are set to 40 and stored, to detect moisture in the grain five times and calculate the average moisture.
When the moisture sensor 5 is operated and controlled at 4-minute intervals stored in the settings in the PU 40, moisture in the grain is detected five times, the average is calculated, and this calculated average moisture is input to the CPU 40.
At the same time, it is displayed on the display window 35, and this set finishing target moisture content is compared with this detected grain moisture content.

Once it is detected that the comparison result is equal to or less than the finishing target moisture content, this detection causes, for example, the rotation of the valve motor 21 that rotationally drives the delivery valve 10 to be set and stored in the CPU 40. The CPU 40 controls the rotation speed to double the rotation speed of the delivery valve 1.
0 rotation is controlled to increase the rotation speed to double the conventional rotation, and the circulation amount of grains is controlled to increase, and at the same time as this circulation amount increase control, the one circulation time of the staked grains is increased by this increase control.
0, and during this one circulation time, the moisture sensor 5
The CPU 40 calculates an operating interval so as to detect grain moisture a predetermined number of times based on the number of detected grain moistures detected during grain circulation at 4-minute intervals in the conventional operating time interval. Grain moisture is detected at the calculated operating interval and this −
An overall average of the average grain moisture detected during the cycle is calculated, and this overall average moisture detected during the cycle is compared with a finished target moisture to determine whether it is equal to or less than this finished target moisture. When detected, the drying control device 42 automatically controls the dryer 6 to automatically stop the drying of the grains.

Also, in conjunction with this grain circulation increase control, the burner 16
For example, the set hot air temperature generated from the CPU 40
It is configured to dry the grains by controlling the temperature to drop to a predetermined low temperature that has been set and stored, and to control the temperature of the hot air generated from the burner 16 to stop by controlling the temperature to drop to the predetermined low temperature. The structure may be such that the grains are dried by ventilation drying.

The combustion control by the drying control device 42 is performed as follows. When the operation of each setting 3233 is input to the CPU 40, the temperature of the hot air generated from the burner 16 is set by this input, This set hot air temperature is generated from the burner 16 and the hot air temperature sensor 1
3 and input to the CPU 40, the detected hot air temperature and the set hot air temperature are compared, and if they are different, the amount of fuel to be supplied to the burner 16 is changed so that the temperature is the same as the set hot air temperature. This configuration is controlled by a drying control device 42.

Hereinafter, the operation of the above embodiment will be explained.

By operating each setting knob 32, 33, 34 of the operating device 15 to a predetermined position and operating the start switch 30 that starts the drying operation, each part of the grain dryer 6 and each burner 16 of each hot air device 3 can be adjusted. and the moisture sensor 5 etc. are started, and each burner 16 also generates the set hot air temperature, and this set hot air temperature passes individually from each air blowing chamber 12 to each drying room 2, and is sent to each air exhaust chamber 14 and each exhaust air. The grains stored in the storage chamber l by being suctioned and exhausted by each exhaust fan 4 through the air passage chamber 18 are
While flowing down from the storage chamber 1 into the drying chamber 2, it is exposed to the hot air and dried, and is fed out to the lower part by the feeding valve 10 and flows down from the grain collection gutter 11 through the supply gutter 26 to the grain raising machine. 23
The packets are transported to the inside by the lower transfer spiral, are transported to the upper part by the packet conveyor 24, are supplied into the transfer gutter 8 through the dispensing tube 25, and are transferred from the transfer gutter 8 onto the diffusion plate 22 by the upper transfer spiral. The water is supplied, is evenly diffused and returned into the storage chamber 1 by the diffusion plate 22, and is circulated and dried so that the moisture sensor 5 determines that the moisture content is the same as or less than the target finish moisture set by operating the moisture setting knob 34. Once detected, the delivery valve 10
At the same time, the set hot air temperature generated from the burner 16 is controlled to decrease to a predetermined low temperature, and the operation interval time of the moisture sensor 5 is controlled to increase. is controlled to operate at short intervals to detect grain moisture many times, and this circulation amount increase control calculates the overall average of the detected grain moisture detected during one cycle of the amount of loaded grain. When it is detected that the calculated overall average grain moisture content is equal to or less than the set finishing target moisture content, the drying control device 42 of the operating device 15 automatically controls the drying process to automatically stop the drying process and dry the grains. will be stopped.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The figures show one embodiment of the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is a block diagram, Fig. 2 is a flowchart, Fig. 3 is an overall side view of the grain dryer, and Fig. 4 is A of Fig. 3. -A sectional view, 5th
The figure is a rear view of a portion of the grain dryer, and FIG. 6 is a partially cutaway front view of a portion of the grain dryer. Explanation of symbols 1 Storage chamber 3 Hot air device 5 Moisture sensor drying room exhaust fan

Claims (1)

[Claims] The grains flowing down from the upper storage chamber 1 through the multiple upper and lower drying chambers 2 at the lower part are sucked by the hot air generated from the hot air device 3 installed separately in the drying chamber 2 using the exhaust fan 4 installed separately in the drying chamber 2. In a grain dryer that dries while exhausting air, once the moisture sensor 5 detects grain moisture below the set finishing target moisture, the amount of circulation of grain flowing down the drying chamber 2 is controlled to increase. Drying control method characterized by continuing drying until the grain goes through one cycle, and stopping drying based on detection that the average grain moisture detected during this cycle is less than the set finishing target moisture content. .