JPH04288473A - Control method of drying in grain drying machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To effect ventilating drying for an effective period of time only by operating automatically the effective period of time for reducing the variety of grain moisture by the ventilating drying, in which grains are dried by ventilating atmosphere in the initial starting period of drying. CONSTITUTION:The grain moisture of a predetermined number of grains, which are detected by a moisture sensor 3, is divided into a plurality of stages and the frequency of the high-moisture division is detected to operate the rate of a previously detected frequency and a presently detected frequency is operated while ventilating drying is stopped and hot-air drying is started when the operated rate is higher than a predetermined value and the frequency of high-moisture is decided that it is within a predetermined range. The period of time of the ventilating drying is set automatically whereby the ventialating drying is effected effectively and variety in the grain moisture can be reduced.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention This invention relates to a drying control method for a grain dryer.

0002

[Prior Art] Conventionally, grains are fed out from the upper grain storage chamber to the lower grain drying chamber and dried by passing outside air for a certain period of time from the start of drying. As time passes, the process switches to hot air drying, which circulates hot air to dry the grains.A moisture sensor detects the moisture content of the grains during this circulation drying process, and when the grain moisture reaches the finishing target moisture level, the grains are dried. It was a drying control method that stopped.

0003

[Problem to be Solved by the Invention] The grains stored in the grain storage chamber of the grain dryer are repeatedly circulated from the storage chamber to the grain drying chamber and flowed down. As outside air passes through the drying chamber, the grains flowing down inside the drying chamber are exposed to this outside air and are ventilated and dried, and after a certain period of time, hot air passes through the drying chamber, The grains flowing down the drying chamber are exposed to this hot air and dried, and some of the grains during this circulation drying are detected by a moisture sensor and when the detected grain moisture reaches the finishing target moisture. , the dryer is automatically stopped and the drying of the grains is stopped.

[0004] At the start of this drying process, ventilation drying is performed by blowing outside air in order to reduce variations in grain moisture, and even if ventilation drying is performed for a long time, grains with high moisture content will The grains approach the average value, but the average value rarely decreases sequentially. Therefore, the effective time to reduce the variation in grain moisture during ventilation drying is automatically calculated, and only this effective time is used. It is intended to be ventilated and dried.

[0005]

[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention changes from ventilation drying in which grains are fed and dried from an upper grain storage chamber 1 to a lower grain drying chamber 2 by ventilation with outside air to dry them. In a grain dryer that switches to hot air for drying, a moisture sensor 3 is provided to detect grain moisture during grain loading or ventilation drying, and the moisture sensor 3 detects grain moisture of a predetermined number of grains. A judgment means is provided to compare the current appearance frequency of the high moisture category divided into stages with the previous appearance frequency to determine whether the appearance frequency of high moisture content has fallen below a predetermined range, and based on this judgment result, the initial The drying control method is characterized in that the ventilation drying is stopped and the drying is controlled by switching to the hot air drying.

[0006]

Effect of the Invention The moisture sensor 3 detects the moisture content of some of the grains loaded into the grain storage chamber 1 of the grain dryer one by one. The grain moisture of a predetermined number of grains is classified into multiple stages, and the frequency of high moisture classification is detected. The grains in the storage chamber 1 are transferred from the storage chamber 1 to the grain drying chamber 2.
As the outside air passes through the drying chamber 2 while the circulation of letting out and flowing down is repeated, the grains flowing down inside the drying chamber 2 are exposed to the outside air and are ventilated to dry. At predetermined time intervals, the moisture content of each grain is detected by the moisture sensor 3 in the same way as during staking, and the grain moisture of a predetermined number of detected grains is divided into multiple stages. The frequency of the high moisture category is detected, and a frequency ratio is calculated from this detection frequency and the detection frequency of the previous detection, and when this calculated ratio is detected to be equal to or higher than a predetermined value, the variation in grain moisture has decreased. This detection causes ventilation drying to be stopped, and switching to hot air drying in which hot air passes through the drying chamber 2 is performed.

[0007] As the hot air passes through the drying chamber 2,
The grains flowing down the drying chamber 2 are dried by being exposed to this hot air, and when the grain moisture detected by the moisture sensor 3 reaches the finishing target moisture, the dryer is automatically controlled to stop the grains. Drying of the grains is stopped.

[0008]

[Effects of the Invention] According to the present invention, by sequentially comparing the appearance frequency of the previous high moisture detection and the current high moisture detection during ventilation operation, it is possible to determine whether or not the frequency has decreased, and based on this determination result. Since the process shifts to hot air drying, it eliminates the waste caused by continuing the ventilation operation unnecessarily.

[0009]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The illustrated example shows a circulating grain dryer 5 that dries grain.
This figure shows a state in which a moisture sensor 3 for detecting grain moisture is attached to the grain. This dryer 5 has a rectangular shape that is long in the front and back direction, and is provided with a transfer gutter 7 and a ceiling plate 8 in which a transfer spiral is rotatably installed on the upper part of the machine wall 6, and grains are stored below the ceiling plate 8. A grain storage chamber 1 is formed.

[0010] On the lower side of the storage chamber 1, left and right grain drying chambers 2, 2 are provided between the left and right ventilation chambers 9, 9 and the central ventilation chamber 10. At the lower part of the chambers 2, 2, there are rotatably supported feeding valves 11, 11 for feeding and flowing down the grains, and in the air blowing chamber 10, there is provided a blowing chamber 1.
The configuration includes a hot air temperature sensor 10' that detects the hot air temperature within 0.0.

[0011] A grain collection gutter 12 in which a transfer spiral is rotatably installed is connected to the lower side of the drying chambers 2, 2. On the front side of the machine wall 6, a burner case 14 with a burner 13 inside is removably mounted on the outer surface of the machine wall 6 to correspond to the entrance side of the ventilation chamber 10, and the burner 13 and the moisture sensor 3 and an operating device 15 for starting and stopping the dryer 5 for each of loading, drying, and discharging operations is detachably attached.

Further, on the back side of the machine wall 6, there is formed an air exhaust passage chamber 16 that can communicate with the left and right air exhaust chambers 9, 9, and a central rear side air exhaust barrel 17 of this air exhaust passage chamber 16 has a An exhaust fan 18 and an exhaust fan motor 19 for rotationally driving the exhaust fan 18 are provided. Reference numeral 20 is a valve motor configured to rotationally drive the delivery valves 11, 11 via a speed reduction mechanism 21.

A fuel pump 22 having a fuel valve is provided on the outside of the lower plate of the burner case 14, and by opening and closing the fuel valve, the fuel pump 22 sucks fuel in the fuel tank 23 and supplies it to the burner 13. The configuration is
A variable-speed blower motor 25 for rotating the blower 24 at variable speeds is provided on the outside of the upper plate, and the blower 24 blows combustion air commensurate with the amount of fuel to be supplied to the burner 13. The structure allows for both hot air drying, in which grains are dried with hot air generated from the burner 13, and ventilation drying, in which the burner 13 is stopped and grains are dried with outside air sucked in from around the burner 13. At the start, the configuration is such that the process starts with ventilation drying and then is controlled to switch to hot air drying.

At the center of the bottom plate of the transfer gutter 7 in the longitudinal direction,
A supply port for supplying the transferred grains into the storage chamber 1 is provided, and a diffusion plate 26 is provided below the supply port to uniformly diffuse and return the grains into the storage chamber 1. Grain raising machine 2
7 is provided on the outside in front of the machine wall 6, and a belt with a bucket conveyor 28 is stretched inside, and the upper end communicates with the starting end of the transfer gutter 7 by providing a dispensing tube 29. A supply gutter 30 is provided between the lower end and the terminal end of the grain collection gutter 12 for communication, and the feed gutter 3
0 is provided with a grain temperature sensor 30' for detecting the grain temperature of the grains passing through the supply gutter 30.

Reference numeral 31 denotes a grain raising machine motor, which is configured to rotationally drive the belt with the bucket conveyor 28, the transfer spiral in the transfer gutter 7, the spreading plate 26, etc. The spiral is configured to be rotationally driven via the belt with the bucket conveyor 28. The grain raising machine 2
The moisture sensor 3 for detecting grain moisture is provided approximately at the center of the grain 7 in the vertical direction. This moisture sensor 3 is configured such that a moisture motor 32 is rotated in response to transmission of electrical measurement signals from the operating device 15 at predetermined time intervals, and each part of the moisture sensor 3 is rotationally driven.

The moisture sensor 3 is provided with a feeding roll 34 which receives grains falling while being conveyed to the upper part by the bucket conveyor 28 in a box-shaped machine frame 33, and feeds the grains one by one.
A pair of detection rolls 35, 35 are rotatably supported on the lower side of the feed roll 34, which crush the grains under pressure and simultaneously detect the water content of the crushed grains. It is structured as follows.

Between the detection rolls 35 and 35, the moisture content of the 32 grains is detected one by one, and the average value of the moisture content of the 32 grains is calculated, and the average value of the 32 grains is calculated four times. The process is repeated, and the average value of the grain moisture of these four times is calculated, and the average value of the grain moisture of these four times is used as the first detected grain moisture.From then on, the grain moisture is calculated using a moving average. The configuration is such that the average value is calculated.

The operating device 15 has a box shape, and the dryer 15, the burner 13, the moisture sensor 3, etc. are mounted on the surface plate of the box, and a starting operation is performed for each drying and discharge operation. A switch 36, a stop switch 37 that is operated to stop, a moisture setting knob 38 that sets the finishing target moisture content of grains depending on the operating position, a grain type setting knob 39 that sets the temperature of the hot air generated from the burner 13 depending on the operating position, and a grain type setting knob 39 that sets the temperature of the hot air generated from the burner 13 depending on the operating position. It is configured to include a mixing amount setting knob 40, a digital display section 41 that alternately digitally displays detected grain moisture, detected hot air temperature, remaining drying time, etc., and a monitor display.

[0019] Also, inside, there is an A-D converter 42 for converting the detected values detected by the moisture sensor 3, the hot air temperature sensor 10', the grain temperature sensor 30', etc.
An input circuit 4 into which the converted value converted by the converter 42 is input.
3. The switches 36, 37 and the setting knobs 38, 3
an input circuit 44 into which operations 9 and 40 are input; a CPU 45 which performs arithmetic and logical operations, comparison operations, etc. on various input values input from these input circuits 43 and 44;
It has a built-in drying control device 47 that includes an output circuit 46 that receives and outputs various commands issued from the drying control device 47. The setting knobs 38, 39, and 40 are of a rotary switch type, and are configured to set predetermined values, types, etc. depending on the operating position.

The drying control of grains by the drying control device 47 is performed as follows. That is, on the one hand, the content of the operation of the moisture setting knob 38 is input to the CPU 45, and the finishing target moisture of the grain is set by this input. On the other hand, the grain moisture detected by the moisture sensor 3 is also
The detected grain moisture content is inputted to the PU 45, and the input detected grain moisture content is compared with the set finishing target moisture content, and when it is detected that the detected grain moisture content has reached the finishing target moisture content, each operating part of the dryer 5 is automatically stopped. It is configured to detect when the drying of the grains is completed.

During the grain tensioning operation, for example, the moisture content of 100 grains detected by the moisture sensor 3 is divided into four levels, and the number of grains in the high moisture categories of these four levels is detected. ,
When 20 grains are detected, the frequency is calculated as 0.2 and stored in the CPU 45.

[0022]

[0023] When the tensioning work is completed, the operation details of the start switch 36 to start drying the grains are input to the CPU 45, and according to this input, outside air is sucked in and the outside air is ventilated to dry the grains. Ventilation drying is started, and during this ventilation drying, for example, as shown in the table above, the moisture sensor 3 detects at predetermined time intervals 100
The grain moisture of the grains is divided into four stages, and the number of grains in the high moisture classification of these four stages during the first ventilation drying is detected,
If 10 grains are detected, the frequency is calculated as 0.1, and the ratio between the previous calculated frequency of 0.2 and the current calculated frequency of 0.1 is calculated as 0.5, and this calculated ratio is 0.5. The CPU45
The calculated ratio of 0.5 is compared with the ratio of 0.9 set and stored, and the calculated ratio of 0.5 is detected to be less than or equal to the set ratio of 0.9, and upon this detection, ventilation drying is continued.

[0024] When the number of grains in the second high moisture classification during ventilation drying is detected and it is found to be 8 grains, the frequency is calculated as 0.08, which is different from the previously calculated frequency of 0.1. The ratio with the current calculation frequency of 0.08 is calculated as 0.8, this calculated ratio of 0.8 is detected to be less than the set ratio of 0.9, and due to this detection, ventilation drying is continued, In addition, the number of grains in the third high moisture classification during ventilation drying was detected,
If 10 grains are detected, the frequency is calculated as 0.1, and the ratio of the previous calculated frequency of 0.08 and the current calculated frequency of 0.1 is calculated as 1.25, and this calculated ratio of 1.25 is The configuration is such that when it is detected that the set ratio is 0.9 or more, the ventilation drying is stopped and controlled to be switched to hot air drying using hot air ventilation.

[0025] When the hot air drying process in which hot air is ventilated is passed for a predetermined period of time, this hot air drying is temporarily stopped, and the drying control is performed in which both ventilation drying and drying in which outside air is ventilated are performed alternately. In this case, the ventilation drying time may be controlled by the same method as the ventilation drying control method used at the time of starting the initial drying. In addition, the drying control device 4
7 has the following functions. That is, while grains are being dried with hot air, the grain temperature detected by the grain temperature sensor 30' is
45 and stored, this detected grain temperature and the C
The grain temperature set and stored in the PU 45 based on the hot air temperature and drying time is compared, and if it is detected that the detected grain temperature is different from the set grain temperature by a predetermined temperature, the hot air temperature is detected. It is configured to detect that a malfunction has occurred in the hot air temperature sensor 10'.

In addition to the above, the hot air temperature detected by the hot air temperature sensor 10' is input to the CPU 45, and the detected hot air temperature is combined with the grain type setting knob 39 and the filling amount setting knob 40. The operation is input to the CPU 45, the hot air temperature set by this input is compared, and if there is a difference, the CPU 4
5, the number of times the fuel valve is opened and closed is controlled, and the amount of fuel sucked by the fuel pump 22 is controlled.

The operation of the above embodiment will be explained below. Start switch 36 for starting the stakeout work of the operating device 15
By operating the grain dryer 5 and the moisture sensor 3
When the grain raising machine 27 starts, the grains are conveyed to the upper part by the bucket conveyor 28 of the grain raising machine 27, and are supplied into the transfer gutter 7 through the discharging tube 29. The grains are transferred and supplied from the grains onto the diffusion plate 26 by the upper transfer spiral, and are evenly distributed and supplied into the grain storage chamber 1 by this diffusion plate 26. When the inside of this storage chamber 1 is filled with grains, the operation is performed. Device 1
5 to stop the dryer 5.

During this tensioning work, the bucket conveyor 2
A part of the grains that fall while being conveyed to the upper part at 8 is supplied to the moisture sensor 3, which is activated at predetermined time intervals and detects the grains being crammed one by one by the cradling roll 34. The grains are supplied to the rolls 35, 35, crushed under pressure between the detection rolls 35, 35, the moisture content of the crushed grains is detected, and the moisture content of a predetermined number of detected grains is detected at a predetermined time interval. The frequency of high moisture divisions is detected and stored in the operating device 15.

[0029] When the grain tensioning is completed, the operating device 1
By operating the setting knobs 38, 39, and 40 of 5 to predetermined positions and operating the start switch 36 that starts drying work, the dryer 5 and the moisture sensor 3 are started, and the burner 13 of the burner case 14 is activated. The outside air that is taken in through the ventilation chamber 10 passes through the grain drying chambers 2, 2 and is then sent to the ventilation chamber 9.
. The grain is dried by being exposed to outside air, and is fed out to the lower part by the feed valves 11, 11, flows down, and is transferred and supplied from the grain collection gutter 12 through the feed gutter 30 into the grain hoisting machine 27 by the lower transfer spiral, It is conveyed to the upper part by the bucket conveyor 28 and supplied into the transfer gutter 7 through the dispensing tube 29, and from this transfer gutter 7, it is transferred and supplied onto the spreading plate 26 by the upper transfer spiral, and this spreading plate At step 26, it is evenly diffused and returned into the storage chamber 1 and dried through circulation.

During this ventilation drying, some of the grains that fall while being conveyed to the upper part of the bucket conveyor 28 are supplied to the moisture sensor 3, and this moisture sensor 3 is started at predetermined time intervals to The grains are fed one by one by the feeding roll 34 and supplied to the detection rolls 35, 35, crushed under pressure between the detection rolls 35, 35, the moisture content of the crushed grains is detected, and the grains are crushed at predetermined time intervals. The grain moisture of a predetermined number of detected grains is classified into multiple stages, the frequency of high moisture classification is detected, the ratio between the previous detection frequency and the current detection frequency is calculated, and this calculated ratio and the set ratio are When the calculated ratio is found to be equal to or higher than the set ratio, the ventilation drying is controlled to stop, and hot air is generated from the burner 13, and this hot air passes from the ventilation chamber 10 through the drying chambers 2, 2 and is discharged. Room 9,9
The grains stored in the storage chamber 1 are sucked and exhausted by the exhaust fan 18 through the air exhaust path chamber 16, and are flowing down from the storage chamber 1 into the drying chambers 2, 2. The grains are exposed to this hot air and dried, and are fed out to the lower part by the feeding valves 11, 11, and flowed down from the grain collection gutter 12, through the feed gutter 30, and into the grain raising machine 27 at the lower part of the transfer spiral. It is transported to the upper part by the bucket conveyor 28 and supplied into the transfer gutter 7 through the dispensing cylinder 29, and from the transfer gutter 7 to the diffusion plate 26 by the upper transfer spiral. The water is uniformly diffused and returned into the storage chamber 1 by the diffusion plate 26, and dried with circulating hot air.

The grain moisture detected by the moisture sensor 3 is
When the target finishing moisture level set by operating the moisture setting knob 38 is reached, the drying control device 47 of the operating device 15 automatically controls the dryer 5 to stop drying the grains. Ru.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The figure shows one embodiment of the invention.

[Figure 1] Block diagram

[Figure 2] Overall side view of grain dryer that can be partially broken

[Figure 3]
A-A enlarged sectional view of Figure 2

[Figure 4] Enlarged rear view of part of the grain dryer

[Figure 5] Enlarged partially cutaway front view of a part of the grain dryer

[Figure 6] Enlarged side sectional view of moisture sensor

[Figure 7] Enlarged rear view of moisture sensor

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Grain storage room 2 Grain drying room 3 Moisture sensor

Claims (1)

[Claims] Claim 1: A method for drying grains that shifts from ventilation drying, in which grains are fed from an upper grain storage chamber 1 to a lower grain drying chamber 2 and dried by passing outside air while drying, to hot air drying, in which grains are dried by passing hot air through them. The grain dryer is provided with a moisture sensor 3 that detects grain moisture during grain loading and ventilation drying, and a high moisture category in which the moisture of a predetermined number of grains detected by the moisture sensor 3 is divided into multiple stages. A determination means is provided that compares the current frequency of occurrence with the frequency of occurrence last time to determine whether the frequency of occurrence of high moisture content has fallen below a predetermined range, and based on this determination result, the initial ventilation drying is stopped and A drying control method characterized by switching to hot air drying for drying.