JPH02306085A - Controlling method for drying of cereals drier - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To suppress rise of the temperature of cereals near the end of drying and to stabilize the drying speed of the cereals by stopping the combustion of partial burner when the moisture of the cereals is reduced so that it becomes near the end of drying, and ventilating to dry the atmospheric air in the drying step of the stopped burner. CONSTITUTION:Cereals contained in a drier 1 are fed down from a cereals storage chamber 3 through the sections (a), (b), (c) and (d) of drying step 4 chambers to be exposed with hot blast to be dried, fed down to a lower part via a feed valve 5, spirally fed from a cereals collecting trough 6 into a cereals raising machine 31 via a supply trough 34 to a lower section, then conveyed to an upper section via a bucket conveyor 32 to be supplied into a moving trough 29 via a throwing cylinder 33, and spirally moved in the trough 29 to be supplied on a diffusing board 30. When a moisture sensor detects a set cereal moisture during the drying work, the burner of a lowermost stage is controlled to be stopped to stop the hot blast, and the cereals in the chamber (d) is dried by the ventilation of the atmospheric air.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Industrial applications The present invention relates to a drying control method for a grain dryer.

Conventional technology Grain circulates from the grain storage chamber through multiple drying processes.
The grains are dried by being exposed to hot air generated from burners provided for each drying process, the temperature of the grains during this drying is detected, and when the detected grain temperature rises to a predetermined temperature, the grains are heated by the hot air generated from each burner. It was a drying control method in which the temperature of the hot air was controlled to drop to a predetermined low temperature to dry the grains.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention While the grain is repeatedly circulated through several drying processes from the grain storage chamber and flowing down, the hot air generated from the burner provided for each drying process is used to individually ventilate each drying process. do,
The grains flowing down each drying process are exposed to this hot air and dried.

During this drying operation, the grain temperature during drying is detected, and when the detected grain temperature is higher than a predetermined grain temperature, the temperature of the hot air generated from each burner is controlled to decrease to a predetermined low temperature. The grains are dried, but if the grain temperature rises above a predetermined grain temperature, the quality of the grains deteriorates, so the grain temperature is controlled, but near the end of drying, the grains are dried with a plurality of burners. As a result, only the temperature on the surface of the grain may rise quickly, and this causes the grain temperature to be controlled frequently, causing the drying rate of the grain to become unstable and the grain temperature to increase rapidly. When the predetermined grain temperature is changed to a high temperature, it may become impossible to detect an abnormality in the grain temperature.

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention provides a grain dryer that dries grains circulating from a grain storage chamber through a plurality of drying stages using hot air generated from a bin provided for each of the drying stages. The method is characterized in that when the moisture sensor detects grain moisture below a predetermined level, combustion of some of the burners is stopped and external air is ventilated to the drying process where the burners are stopped, thereby performing ventilation drying. The structure is a drying control method.

Effect of the Invention While the grain is repeatedly circulated through each drying process from the grain storage chamber and flowing down, the hot air generated from the burner provided for each drying process passes through each drying process individually. The grains flowing down the drying path are exposed to this hot air and dried.

During this drying operation, the grain temperature during drying is detected, and when the detected grain temperature is higher than a predetermined grain temperature, the temperature of the hot air generated from each burner is controlled to decrease to a predetermined low temperature. The grains are dried, and the grain moisture during this drying is detected, and when this detected grain moisture is detected to be less than a predetermined grain moisture, for example, the combustion of the burner at the lowest stage is controlled to stop,
Outside air is ventilated to the drying stage of this burner section at the lowest stage, and the grains are ventilated and dried.

Effects of the Invention According to the present invention, when the moisture content of the grain decreases and the drying process is near the end, combustion of some burners is stopped, and outside air is flowed into the drying process of the stopped heel part. By performing ventilation drying in which the grains are ventilated, the increase in grain temperature near the end of drying is suppressed, and grain temperature control is not performed frequently, which reduces the drying speed of the grains. It is stable, the difference between the grain temperature in the grain storage chamber and the grain temperature immediately after drying is reduced, so the body side of the grain is also reduced, and the grain temperature after drying is low, Grain moisture content also decreased after drying.

Embodiments In the examples of FIGS. 1 to 6, (1) is a grain dryer, and the upper part of the machine part (2) of this dryer (1) has a grain storage chamber (3). A drying process (4) chamber formed between the ventilation nets is arranged in parallel on the lower side of this grain storage chamber (3).
A), (B), (C), and (D) are provided in four stages in order and communicated with each other, and the bottom stage (D) is used for this drying process (4). At the bottom of the window is a delivery valve (5) that allows the grains to be delivered and flowed down. is rotatably supported on a shaft, and a grain collection gutter (6) with a transfer spiral supported on a shaft is provided below the window of this drying process (4) at the bottom stage (d) to communicate with the drying process (4). In the drying process (4) of (a), (b), (c), and (d), a hot air chamber (7) is formed between the indoor sides, and each hot air chamber (7) is filled with hot air. A hot air temperature sensor (8) for detecting the hot air temperature in the chamber (7) is separately provided and installed in parallel in the drying process (4) of (a), (b), (c), and (d).
) Each ventilation chamber (9) is formed on the outside of the room.
) Grain temperature sensors (15), (1B), (17), and (18) for detecting the temperature of grains passing through the chamber are sequentially installed in the drying process (4) chamber from above.

The front all wall (2) is equipped with an operating device (lO) for starting and stopping the dryer (1) and a burner (11).
There are four levels of burner cases (12) in the vertical direction, and these burners (11) (A), (B), (C), (
D) and the six hot air chambers (7) are configured to communicate with each other individually, and a fuel pump (13) having a fuel valve is provided on the outer side of the lower plate of each burner case (12). By opening and closing each fuel pump (13), the fuel tank (
14) of the burner (11) is individually sucked into the burner (11).
A), (B), (C), and (D) are supplied individually, and a blower (18) and a variable speed motor (
20), and the rotation of each variable speed motor (20) individually rotates each blower (19), and each blower (18) supplies combustion air commensurate with the amount of fuel supplied to the burner ( 11) (A), CB), (C), and (D) are individually supplied. The rear machine part (2) is provided with four exhaust fans (21) in the vertical direction, and each exhaust fan (21)
and the six ventilation chambers (9) are configured to communicate individually,
Further, each exhaust fan motor (22) and a variable speed motor (26) are provided to rotate each exhaust fan (21) individually, and the variable speed motor (28) controls the delivery valves (5), (5) with a variable speed mechanism. (27) is configured to be rotationally driven.

A ceiling plate (28) and a transfer gutter (23) supporting a transfer spiral are provided above the grain storage chamber (3).
9) A supply port is provided in the center for supplying grains to be transferred into the grain storage chamber (3), and a port is provided below the supply port to evenly distribute grains into the grain storage chamber (3). Diffuser for diffusion and reduction (30)
This is a configuration with a

The grain raising machine (31) is provided in the front part of the machine part (2) on the front side, and a packet conveyor (32) belt is stretched between the upper and lower pulleys inside, and the upper end and the starting end of the transfer gutter (29) are connected to each other. A discharging tube (33) is provided between the grain raising machine ( 31) A motor (35) is provided at the top, and this motor (35) drives the packet conveyor (32).
) belt, the transfer spiral in the transfer trough (29), the spreader plate (
30) and the transfer spiral in the grain collecting trough (6), and a structure in which grains falling while being conveyed to the upper part by the packet conveyor (32) are received at approximately the center in the vertical direction. A moisture sensor (3B) is provided to detect moisture at the same time as the grains are crushed under pressure, and each part of the moisture sensor (3B) is rotated by an internal motor (37).

The operating device ff1 (10) is box-shaped, and the dryer (1) is mounted on the surface plate of the box, and each start switch (38) is used to start and stop the drying and discharging operations separately. A stop switch (39), each temperature setting knob (40) for setting the degree of hot air generated from the burner (11) according to the operating position, and a moisture setting switch (41) for setting the finishing target moisture content of the grain according to the operating position. ), the moisture sensor (3B
), a display window (
42) and a monitor display, etc., and the interior is equipped with a drying control device (43), a combustion control device (44), etc., and each setting can be canceled (40), (40),
(41) is a rotary switch type, and has a configuration in which a predetermined value is set depending on the operating position.

The drying control device (43) includes the grain temperature sensor (15).
), (1B), (17), (18) and an 8-0 converter (45) that converts the detection values detected by the moisture sensor (3B) from AD to AD, and this AD converter (45) Input circuit (4B) into which the converted value is input, each switch (38), (38), (38), (39)
and an input circuit (47) into which the operation of the moisture setting circuit (41) is input, and a CPU which performs arithmetic and logical operations, comparison operations, etc. on various input values input from these input circuits (4B) and (47). (48), an output circuit (49) that receives various commands from this CPU (48) and outputs them.
This is a configuration with a

The combustion control device (44) includes each hot air temperature sensor (
8) A-D converter that converts the detected value detected by A-D converter,
An input circuit into which the converted value converted by this A-D converter is input, an input circuit into which the operation of each setting mark (40) is input, and various input values input from these input circuits are processed using arithmetic logic. the CPU (48) that performs calculations, comparison calculations, etc.;
The configuration includes an output circuit that receives various commands from the CPU (4B) and outputs them.

The drying control and operation control by the drying control device (43) are such that the moisture sensor (36) detects the same grain moisture as the finishing target moisture set by operating the moisture setting/removal (41). When the input is input to the CPU (48), the drying control device (43) automatically controls the dryer (1) to automatically stop the drying of the grains, and the moisture sensor ( 3B) sends the CPU (4B) 1, for example, when it detects grain moisture of 16γ or less, which is set and stored, (A), (B), (C) of the burner (!l),
Some of the burners (11) in (D) are controlled to stop, and the grain temperature sensors (15), (1B), (17), (18) when the grain moisture is 16% or less
(A) of the burner (11) according to the grain temperature detected by
), (B), (C), CD) is controlled to stop, only outside air is sucked in, and this outside air flows into the drying process (4) chambers (a), (b), (c). , (d), and the grains are dried by ventilation from outside air.

For example, when the detected grain moisture is 16% or more, the grains are dried by the hot air generated from (A), (B), (C), and (D) of the burner (11), and the grain moisture is 16% or less. When the grain temperature in the drying step (4) chamber (d) is
When the temperature is below 40°C, which is set and stored in the PU (48), the hot air generated from (D) of the burner (11) is controlled to stop, and the grains in the drying process (4) chamber (d) are controlled to stop. is configured to be dried by ventilation from outside air, and the grain temperature in the drying process (4) chamber (d) is 40 degrees Celsius as set in the memory.
In the above case, the hot air generated from burners (B) and (D) of the burner (11) is controlled to stop, and the drying process (4) is performed.
The grains in chambers (B) and (D) are dried by ventilation from the outside air, and the burners (11) are controlled to stop alternately from the bottom, and the drying process ( 4
) When the grain temperature in the chamber (c) is below 40°C, which is set and stored in the CPU (4B), the burner (11
) The hot air generated from (B) and (D) is controlled to stop, and the grains in the drying process (4) chambers (B) and (D) are dried by ventilation from outside air. The grain temperature in the drying process (4) chamber (d) is set to 4 in the setting memory.
When the temperature is 0°C or higher, the temperature of the hot air generated from (C) of the burner (11) is controlled to a low temperature of 7°C, which is set and stored in the CPU (as), and the drying process (4) chamber is heated. ()
The grains in \) are dried by this hot air temperature controlled to a temperature lower than 7°C.

Further, the grain temperature sensors (15), (1B), (1
7), the grain temperature detected by (1B) is determined by the CPU (4).
For example, in order to control the grain temperature so that it does not rise above 40°C, the burner (
This is a configuration in which the hot air temperatures of (A), (B), (C), and (D) of 11) are controlled.

Combustion control by the combustion control device (40) is performed by controlling each set hot air temperature set by operating each temperature setting knob (40) and the hot air temperature detected by each hot air temperature sensor (8) to the CPU (48). ), and the detected hot air temperatures are compared by the CPU (4B) and if they are different,
The amount of fuel sucked by the fuel pump (13) is controlled by controlling the number of times the fuel valve is opened and closed so that the temperature is the same as each set hot air temperature.
), (B), (C), and (D),
Furthermore, when the grain temperature control is started, the grain temperature control is given priority.

Hereinafter, the operation of the above embodiment will be explained.

Each setting of the operating device (10) (40), (4G), (
41) to the specified position and the start switch (3B) to start the drying operation, the grain dryer (1
), (A), (B), (C) of the burner (11),
(D), moisture sensor (3B), etc. are started, hot air is generated from each burner (11), and this hot air is sent to each hot air chamber (7).
From then on, air is individually cross-ventilated through rooms (a), (b), (c), and (d) of the drying process (4), and the air is suctioned and exhausted separately by each exhaust fan (21) after passing through each ventilation chamber (9). By being air-dried, the grains stored in the drying process (1) are transferred from the storage chamber (3) to the drying process (4) chambers (a), (0), (c), (d) While flowing down, it is exposed to this hot air and dried.
The grain is fed out to the lower part by the feeding valve (5) and flows down into the collection gutter (
6), and from this collection gutter (6) to the supply gutter (30
The grains are transferred and supplied into the grain hoisting machine (31) by the lower transfer spiral, conveyed to the upper part of the packet conveyor (32), passed through the dispensing tube (33), and fed into the transfer gutter (29). The grains are transferred and supplied onto a diffusion plate (30) by the transfer spiral in the gutter (29), and are evenly diffused and returned into the grain storage chamber (3) by this diffusion plate (30), and are circulated and dried. 3
When B) detects the same grain moisture as the finishing target moisture set by operating the moisture setting controller (41), the operating device (1)
0) is automatically controlled by the drying control device (43) of the dryer (
1) Automatically stop.

During this drying work, the moisture sensor (3B) is set to
For example, when a grain moisture content of 16% or less is detected, the burner (!l) at the lowest stage (D) is stopped and the generation of hot air is stopped, and the drying process (4) chamber (d) is The grains are dried by ventilation from outside air. The drying process (4) chamber (
Depending on the grain temperature in (c) and (d), the burner (11
In the drying process (4), the grains in chambers (B) and (D) are dried by ventilation from outside air. , and the burner (11
The hot air temperature in (C) of ) is controlled to a predetermined low temperature, and the grains in the drying step (4) chamber (c) are dried at this low hot air temperature.

In the illustrations of other inventions shown in FIGS. 7 to 10, at the grain inlet and grain outlet near the upper end of the drying stage (4) chamber,
In this drying process (4), grain temperature sensors (15) and (1B) are provided to detect the grain temperature flowing down the room, and the detected grain temperature detected by these grain temperature sensors (15) and (1B) is , is configured to be inputted to the CPtJ (48) via the A-D converter (45) and input circuit (46) of the drying control device (43), and this CPU (48) determines whether or not the grains were exposed to the hot air. It is configured to calculate the grain temperature difference after being exposed, and the CPU (48) is configured to set and store the grain temperature difference for each grain moisture content, as shown in Figure 1O. This CPU (4B
), and based on this comparison result, for example, if the calculated grain temperature difference is larger, the output circuit (48
), for example, the rotational speed of the delivery valve (5) is 5 r,
The rotational speed of the variable speed motor (2B) that rotationally drives this feeding valve (5) is controlled so that p, m are 7r, p, m rotational speed, and the feeding valve (5) feeds out and circulates. The amount of grain to be heated is increased and the grain is dried, and the set hot air temperature is set to the CPU (48) through the input circuit (47) by operating each temperature setting knob (40). , this CPU (48) controls the output circuit (48) so that the temperature is 2°C lower than the temperature set and stored in the CPU (48).
The grains are dried by controlling the fuel pump (13) via The configuration is such that the grains are dried without controlling the temperature of the hot air.

As mentioned above, by controlling the amount of grain circulation based on the difference in grain temperature between before and after the grains are exposed to hot air, the temperature of the grains in the grain storage chamber (3) is maintained evenly. became
Therefore, the drying performance of the grains is stabilized, and by controlling the hot air temperature to a low temperature, the drying speed of the grains can be stabilized.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is a block diagram, Fig. 2 is a flowchart, Fig. 3 is an overall side view of a grain dryer that can be partially cut away, and Fig. 4 is a block diagram of the grain dryer. A-A in Figure 3
A sectional view, FIG. 5 is a rear view of a part of the grain dryer, and FIG. 6 is a partially cutaway front view of a part of the grain dryer.
9 and 10 are views showing other inventions, in which FIG. 7 is a block diagram, FIG. 8 is an overall side view of a grain dryer that can be partially cut away, and FIG. The AA sectional view in the figure and FIG. 10 are relationship diagrams between grain moisture and grain temperature difference. In the figure, code (1) is a grain dryer, (3) is a grain storage room,
(4) is a drying process, (11) is a burner, and (36) is a moisture sensor.

Claims (1)

[Claims] Grain circulates from the grain storage room through multiple drying processes,
In a grain dryer that dries with hot air generated from burners provided for each drying process, when a moisture sensor detects grain moisture below a predetermined level, the combustion of some of the burners is stopped and the outside air is turned on. A drying control method characterized in that ventilation is carried out by ventilating the drying process in which the burner is stopped.