JPH03271496A - Striking type direction correcting method and excavator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To correct a direction fine adjusted and further continuously regardless of a pipe diameter by providing a flow divider member, having through holes of different diameters, in a conveying route of compressed air of an excavator, having a plurality of hammers, and changing a number of times of striking each bit. CONSTITUTION:An excavator is propelled by a jack from behind while feeding compressed air to a hammer part of a center hammer 2 and each hammer 3 to 8. Next, compressed air of amount in accordance with bore size of each flow divider hole is fed to each hammer when a flow divider member 28 is pressed to a feed-in adapter 27, and the largest amount of compressed air is fed to the center hammer 2 and the hammer 3. A number of times of striking bits 52, 53 of the hammers 2, 3 per unit time is increased, hereinafter a number of times of striking bits is decreased successively by the order of bits 54, 58, bits 55, 57 and a bit 56. Further a direction of advancing is corrected by crushing the natural ground corresponding to the respective bits. In this way, the direction can be easily and promptly corrected.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a method for correcting the direction of propulsion when laying a pipe underground using an excavator, and an apparatus thereof, and particularly relates to a method for correcting the direction of propulsion when laying a pipe underground using an excavator, and particularly to a device for the same. The object of the present invention is to provide a direction correction method when using a so-called impact-type excavator using a hammer suitable for digging, and a percussion-type direction-correcting excavator having the direction correction function.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, among this type of impact-type excavators, etc., those capable of direction correction are disclosed in the "excavating device" disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-70797 and the Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-70799. There is a "shock tunneling machine".

The former "excavation device" uses a plurality of appropriate direction adjustment jacks between the leading pipe and the trailing pipe, each having a hammer and a bit.
The direction is corrected by changing the degree of expansion and contraction of each jack.

On the other hand, according to the latter "impulse excavator," the inner cylinder and chisel in which a part of the hammer is built are tilted at a small angle with respect to the axis in advance, and by continuously changing the inclination of the inner cylinder and chisel, a spiral shape can be created. It was designed to travel straight, and if the direction of inclination was fixed, it would curve in an arc.

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) However, in all of the above-mentioned conventional techniques, the necessary direction correction is basically made by forcibly inclining or rotating the leading pipe itself and making it curve in the direction of the inclination. This is what we do. Therefore, if the diameter of the pipe becomes large or if the pipe hits hard ground, the load on the lead pipe, jack, motor, etc. will increase, which is undesirable. Therefore, there was an aspect that it could not be applied when the diameter of the pipe was large.

Also, it is inefficient to move straight in a spiral pattern.

Moreover, it takes time.

(Means for Solving the Problems) This invention has been made in view of the above points, and aims to solve the problems by providing a direction correction method that can be applied regardless of the size of the pipe diameter, and an excavator having the function. This is what we aim to do.

Therefore, in this invention, in a method of digging underground using an excavator having a plurality of hammers, the direction is corrected by changing the number of strikes per unit time of each bit of the excavator. .

In 22, changing the number of strikes per unit time for each bit does not only mean that the number of strikes for each bit is different from each other; for example, bits at symmetrical positions when viewed from the axis are the same. The number of hits may be as follows.

In order to change the number of blows per unit time for each bit, for example, the amount of compressed air sent to each hammer may be changed.

In addition, as a device that embodies this, in an excavator having multiple hammers, a flow dividing member with multiple through holes of different diameters is rotatably provided in the path of compressed air that operates the bit, and the Claim (2), wherein each hole corresponds to the arrangement of each air outlet for compressed air to each hammer.
It is also possible to provide the percussion-type direction-correcting excavator described in 2.

Note that the compressed air path referred to here refers to the path before the compressed air is sent separately to each hammer, for example, the conveyance pipe when the compressed air is collectively sent through one appropriate conveyance pipe from the rear. .

(Function) By changing the number of times each bit is struck per unit time, the degree of crushing the dirt and gravel in front of each bit will differ. Therefore, the part where the number of hits is large and the earth, sand, and gravel are more pulverized becomes easier to move forward in that direction. As a result, the excavator as a whole advances toward the ground where the number of hits is large and the properties are more suitable for the advancement of earth, sand, and gravel.

In addition, when moving in a straight line, as with normal excavators of this type,
The number of hits per unit time for each bit may be the same.

Further, according to the impact type direction-correcting excavator described in claim (2), if the flow dividing member is appropriately rotated to make the through hole correspond to each inlet of compressed air to the hammer, the through hole can be opened. An amount of compressed air is sent to each hammer depending on its diameter. As a result, the number of strikes per unit time for each bit of each hammer is correspondingly different. Therefore, the direction of the excavator can be corrected as in the case of claim No. ( ). In other words, the direction of the excavator can be corrected simply by rotating the diversion member.

(Example) Hereinafter, one example of the present invention will be described based on the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a side cross-section of a portion that becomes a leading pipe of an excavator according to an embodiment, where ◯ indicates a tube body, and a plurality of hammers are provided inside the front of this tube body 1. Specifically, six hammers 3.
4.5.6.7.8 are arranged at equal intervals around the circumference of each hammer 2.3.8 as shown in FIGS.
4.5.6.7.8 with bits 52.5 at the front end, respectively.
3.54.55.56.57.58 are provided, and a discharge pipe 9.10.11.12 is provided in the gap between each hammer 3.4.5.6.7.8 and the pipe body 1, respectively. .13 and I4 are arranged respectively. For convenience of explanation, the tube l in Figure 1
The front part is shown vertically asymmetrically, and the discharge pipe IJ is exposed.

Center hammer 2 and each hammer 3.4.5.6.7
．． The rear part of the tube 8 is supported by a partition wall 15 inside the tube body 1.

Further, the discharge pipes 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 and I4 pass through this partition wall portion 15. A certain space is created between this partition wall part 15 and a partition M16 provided diagonally further rearward, and excavated earth and sand, exhaust air, etc. are collected in this part, and the inner lower part of the pipe body 1 is It is discharged to the rear through a discharge pipe 17 provided at. Since the partition wall 16 is configured to slope backward as it approaches the discharge pipe 17, the discharged air and excavated soil are effectively concentrated toward the discharge pipe 17.

Center hammer 2 and each hammer 3.4.5, 6.7
．． 8, there are compressed air supply pipes 18, 19, .
Compressed air is sent by 20.21.22.23.24, each of these compressed air supply pipes 18.19.20
．． The inlet ports 21, 22, 23, and 24 are concentrated at the center of one side (the right side in the figure) of the partition wall portion 15, as shown in FIG. On one side of the partition wall 15, these compressed air supply pipes 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23.
A closed cylinder 25 has one end supported by the partition wall 16 and the other end thereof is hermetically fixed so as to surround the inlet port 24 in a circular manner.

Each compressed air supply pipe 18 is provided on one side surface of the partition wall 15.
．． 19.20.21.22.23.24 The feed adapter 27, which has through holes 26 of the same shape and size (7 locations in total) corresponding to the feed ports of 24, is in contact with the inner periphery of the sealed cylinder 25. It is fixed. Then, the flow dividing member 28 is sealed so as to be opposed to the feeding adapter 27 in the sealed cylinder 25 so as to be rotatable and slidable in the axial direction (reciprocating arrow in the figure) within the sealed cylinder 25. It is provided inside the cylindrical body 25.

The flow dividing member 28 used in this embodiment has a substantially cylindrical shape, and the front portion (left side in the figure) is supported by an annular step portion 29 provided on the inner periphery of the sealed cylinder 25. And at the front end there is a fifth
As shown in the figure, a plurality of flow dividing holes are bored and arranged in a ring shape. These flow dividing holes have four types of diameter sizes, and the second flow dividing holes 3 with the next largest diameter are located at positions shifted by a center angle of 60' on both sides from the first flow dividing hole 31 with the largest diameter.
2.33, a third branching hole 34.35 with the third largest diameter is located at a position shifted by a center angle of 60°, and a fourth branching hole 3 with the smallest diameter is located at a position facing the first branching hole 31.
6 is bored, and a center hole 37 having the same diameter as the first branch hole 31 is bored in the center.

A flange 38 is fixed to the flow dividing member 28 on the outer periphery between the rear end wall of the sealed cylinder 25 and the annular step 30, and a suitable pump (not shown) is connected between the rear end wall and the flange 38. By applying pressure (hydraulic pressure, pneumatic pressure, etc.) using a pressure propagation medium, the first flow dividing member 28 slides in the axial direction inside the closed cylinder 25, and its front end wall is connected to the inlet adapter 27.
It can be attached to the surface freely. That is, the closed cylinder body 251 and the flow dividing member 2
8 and the flange 38 constitute a so-called center hole jack.

The rear part of the flow dividing member 28 is slidably housed and supported in a housing 39, and is connected within the housing 39 to a compressed air conveying pipe 40 from the starting side shaft. Furthermore, within the storage body 39, the rotation from the motor 41 is transmitted via the transmission 42, and the flow dividing member 28 is connected to the motor 41.
It is configured to rotate inside the closed cylindrical body 25 by the rotation of the cylinder.

This embodiment has the above-mentioned configuration, and when digging underground, compressed air is supplied to the center hammer 2 and each hammer 3.4.5°6.7. While sending it to a part of the hammer, it is propelled by a jack from behind. Therefore, when correcting the direction, the following procedure is performed.

For example, to correct the direction in the direction of the arrow in FIG.
to press against. Then, the center hole 37 and the hammer 3 are connected to the inlet of the compressed air inlet pipe 18 of the center hammer 2.
A first branch hole 31 at the inlet of the compressed air inlet pipe 19,
A second branch hole 32 at the inlet of the compressed air supply pipe 20 of the hammer 4, a second branch hole 33 at the inlet of the compressed air supply pipe 24 of the hammer 8, and an inlet of the compressed air supply pipe 21 of the hammer 5. A third diversion hole 34 is provided at the inlet of the compressed air supply pipe 23 of the hammer 7, a third diversion hole 35 is provided at the inlet of the compressed air supply pipe 23 of the hammer 7, and a third distribution hole 35 is provided at the inlet of the compressed air supply pipe 23 of the hammer 7.
A fourth branch hole 36 is connected to the inlet of the compressed air inlet pipe 22, respectively.

As a result, the amount of compressed air corresponding to the diameter of each branch hole is sent to each hammer, and the largest amount of compressed air is sent to the center hammer 2 and hammer 3, and the bits 52 and 53 are fed with the largest amount of compressed air. The number of hits per unit time increases, and the number of hits decreases in the order of bit 54.58, bits 55, 57, and bit 56.

As a result, the ground above the front is further crushed as a whole, making it easier for the tube body 1 to be propelled forward. Therefore, the direction of movement is corrected upward.

When correcting the direction in another direction, the -distribution member 28
The flow dividing member 28 is then rotated appropriately by the motor 41, stopped at a desired position (where each flow dividing hole corresponds to the compressed air inlet of each hammer, and the flow dividing member 28 is again rotated by the inlet adapter). All you have to do is press it to 27.
Specifically, the first branching hole 31 may be positioned in the direction in which the bending is desired. Therefore, the direction can be corrected quickly, easily, and continuously.

In addition, when moving straight, compressed air can be conveyed while leaving a certain space between the front end of the flow dividing member 28 and the inlet adapter 27 as shown in FIG. Since the air is mixed in this space, it eventually passes through the through hole 26 of the same diameter drilled in the inlet adapter 27, so that the same amount of compressed air is supplied to the center hammer 2 and each hammer 3, 4, 5, 6. .7.8 will be sent. Therefore each bit 52.53.54, 55.56.57.5
8, the number of blows per unit time is the same, and the number of blows per unit time of tube body 1
Just like a normal excavator, it moves straight ahead. Therefore, in this embodiment, it is possible to freely move straight or curve in any direction simply by moving and rotating the flow dividing member 28 in the axial direction, and moreover, switching between straight and curve can be performed quickly.

In addition, when the diameter of the pipe body is large, the number of hammers and their bits may be increased accordingly, and in this case, the number and arrangement of the flow dividing holes (through holes) of the flow dividing member may be adjusted accordingly.

Further, for checking the direction correction itself, a method using a so-called target or other existing methods can be used as is.

(Effects of the Invention) According to this invention, the direction of the excavator can be corrected by changing the number of hits per unit time of each hammer bit. Therefore, there is no need to adjust the direction of the guide pipe, so there is less stress on the leading pipe when changing the direction.

Therefore, it can be applied regardless of the size of the pipe diameter. Moreover, the degree of correction can be finely adjusted and made continuous by making the number of hits continuously variable.

Further, according to the percussion-type direction-correcting excavator described in claim (2), the direction can be easily and quickly corrected simply by rotating the flow dividing member, and continuous correction is also possible.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Each figure relates to an embodiment of the invention,
FIG. 1 is a side sectional view, and FIG. 2 is a front view. Figure 3 is a sectional view taken along line A-A in Figure 1, and Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 1.
BB line sectional view in the figure, Figure 5 is C in Figure 1.
-C line end view. In the figure, 1 is a tube body, 2 is a center hammer, 3.4.
5.6.7.8 are hammers, 9.1O111 and 12 respectively.
, 13, 14, 17 are discharge pipes, 15 is a partition wall, 16
18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, and 24 are respectively compressed air supply pipes, 25 is a sealed cylinder, 26 is a through hole, 27 is a supply adapter, 28 is a flow dividing member, and 29 is a support body. , 30 is an annular step, 31 is a first branch hole, 32.33 is a second branch hole, 34.35 is a third branch hole, 36 is a fourth branch hole, 36.37 is a center hole, and 38 is a flange. , 39
is a storage body, 40 is a compressed air conveying pipe, 41 is a motor,
42 is a transmission, 52.53.54.55, 56.57.
58 are bits.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A method of excavating underground using an excavator having a plurality of hammers, characterized in that the direction is corrected by changing the number of strikes per unit time of each bit of the excavator. Direction correction method. (2) In an excavator having a plurality of hammers, a flow dividing member having a plurality of through holes with different diameters is rotatably provided in the conveyance path of the compressed air that operates each bit, and each of the through holes is A percussion-type direction-correcting excavator characterized in that the arrangement corresponds to the arrangement of each inlet for compressed air to the hammer.