JPH03251301A - Composite lathe - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable work of an optional plane, by stopping a rotation of a main spindle, controlling a tool post with its movement in one axial direction in the case of the work plane being not inclined to each shaft, and performing the work while controlling the movement simultaneously in the biaxial direction in the case of being inclined. CONSTITUTION:In the case of flattening, a C shaft is stopped by stopping a main spindle motor 8, the revolving angle position of a milling head 5 is controlled, and in the case of the face to be worked being an X - Y plane (a) the revolving angle is taken at 0 deg., a tool is moved in the X or Y axial direction with its rotation and the feeding control is executed in the Z axial direction. In the case of no X - Y face working the plane to be worked is located on an X - Z plane or Z - Y plane by indexing a main shaft I by a main spindle indexing motor and performing the positioning of a C shaft and in the case of the work face being planes (b), (c), (f), the revolving angle is taken at -90 deg. and the tool is moved in the Y axial or Z axial direction with its rotation and fed in an X axial direction. In the case of being inclined for two shafts like inclined faces (d), (e), the revolving angle corresponding to the inclination is taken, the tool is moved in the Y axial direction with its rotation and fed in both directions of X and Z axial directions.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Industrial Field of Application) The present invention provides a tool stand that is movable in three mutually orthogonal axes directions and that is rotatable in a plane parallel to a plane containing the main axis. This invention relates to a multi-purpose lathe.

[Conventional technology]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Conventionally, turning centers (compound lathes) have been used to perform various types of processing on rod-shaped workpieces. This turning center consists of a headstock that rotatably holds the spindle, a turret placed on the side in the direction perpendicular to the center line of the spindle, and a tool stand placed opposite the turret. have.

A rod-shaped workpiece is held on the headstock by passing through the inside of the spindle. This workpiece is processed in various ways by a predetermined tip of the tools held on the turret and by tools held on the tool stand.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

In a conventional turning center, a main shaft holding a workpiece is fixed, and a tool on a tool stand can be rotated to perform plane cutting. In recent years, the Z axis parallel to the main axis and this Z
A turning center has been developed that has a tool stand that can move in three axes: the Z-axis, which is orthogonal to the axis and moves toward and away from the turret, and the Z-axis and the Y-axis, which is orthogonal to the Z-axis.
According to such a device, the X-Y plane, the x-Z plane, the Z
It is possible to perform processing on each plane of the Y plane.

However, with conventional turning centers, machining is difficult because it is necessary to change the grip of the workpiece, especially when machining an inclined surface that is inclined with respect to two axes.

An object of the present invention is to provide a compound lathe that can easily perform arbitrary plane machining.

[Failure to solve the problem]

The compound lathe according to the present invention has a tool stand on the side of the headstock that is movable in three axes directions orthogonal to each other and that is rotatable in a plane parallel to a plane containing the main spindle. The tool includes a spindle control means for controlling the rotational position of the spindle, a turning angle control means for controlling the turning angle of the tool stand, and a tool stand movement control means. The tool stand movement control means controls the movement of the tool stand indexed by the turning angle control means in each direction of the three axes in accordance with the inclination of the machining L plane.

[Effect]

In the present invention, when performing plane processing, first the rotation of the spindle on which the workpiece is mounted is stopped.

Then, the turning angle of the tool stand is controlled according to the inclination of the machining surface. Next, the °ζ main axis is indexed as necessary, and its rotation angle position is determined.

If the plane to be machined is not inclined with respect to each axis, plane machining is performed while controlling the movement of the tool stand at least in the l-axis direction.

On the other hand, if the lower surface to be machined using force II is an inclined surface that is inclined with respect to a certain axis even after indexing the main axis, flat surface machining may be performed while controlling the movement of the tool stand in at least two axes at the same time. I do.

In this way, by indexing and controlling the angular positions of the spindle and tool rest and performing machining while controlling the movement in each axial direction, it is possible to easily perform machining on any plane.

〔Example〕

Examples will be described below based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing a turning center according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged plan view of the main parts thereof.

The turning center includes a main spindle part 2 that rotatably holds the main spindle 1, a sub-main spindle part (sub-spindle part) 3, which is provided opposite to the main spindle part 2, and which are arranged to face each other across the center line of the main spindle 1. It consists of a turret section 4 and a milling head section 5.

The main spindle portion 2 has a main spindle stock 7 fixed on the head 6.
and a main spindle 1 rotatably provided on this headstock 7. Hereinafter, the axis related to the rotation of the main shaft 1 will be referred to as the 0 axis (the translation axis is the Z axis).

The main shaft 1 has a structure that allows a rod-shaped workpiece to pass through the main shaft 1 and hold it on its center line Δ (see FIG. 2).

Further, the main shaft 1 is rotated by a main shaft motor 8 and can be indexed by an indexing motor 9 at the same time.

The sub-spindle section 3 includes an 11-shaped first slide section 1, I'll, a second slide member 13, a sub-spindle stand 14 mounted on the second slide section 13, and this sub-spindle stand. It consists of a sub-spindle 15 which is rotatably held by a spindle 14.

The first slide member If is movable along a pair of linear guides 10 provided in the X-axis direction on the surface 6a of the head 6. 1st slide part IJ'll
is provided with a pair of linear guys 1-12 in the X-axis direction perpendicular to the spindle center line, and the second slide member 13
is movable on this linear guide 12.

In this manner, the spindle 15 can freely approach and move away from the main shaft 1 in the axial directions of the X-axis and Z-axis.

Further, the movement of the first slide portion +A'll is performed by a sub-spindle Z motor 16 provided in the head 6, a ball screw (not shown) to which rotation is transmitted from this motor 16, and this ball screw. Screw together the first
This is done by a nut member (-U shown in the figure) fixed to the slide member 11. The movement of the second slide member 13 is performed by a cylinder 19, and the movement of the second slide member 13 is performed by moving the cylinder 19 back and forth.
The sub spindle 15 of the slide member 13 can take a field soil position of the main axis center line -1- and a retracted position where it does not buffer against the grain 1 part 4. The cylinder 19 is
It is fixed in a recess provided inside the first slide member 11, and its rond tip is connected to the end surface of the second slide member 113 via the bracket 20. The sub-spindle stand 14 is provided with a motor 22 for driving the sub-spindle. Furthermore, Zabu spindle 15
To the indexing mechanism (not shown). 1, it is possible to determine.

Next, the turret section 4 will be explained. The Glen 1-section 4 consists of a first slide member 24, a turret stand 27, and a turret 2B rotatably provided on the turret stand 27.

The first slide member 24 includes a pair of linear guides 23
It can be moved freely on the top. The pair of linear guides 23 are provided in the X-axis direction on a surface 6b perpendicular to the head surface 6a on which the first slide member 11 of the sub-spindle portion 3 is movable. Further, the turret stand 27 is movable on a pair of linear guides 25 provided on the first slide member 24 and extending in the X-axis direction.

The first slide member 24 also includes a motor 29 provided within the spatula 1'6, and a ball screw 30 rotated by the motor 29 and provided in parallel between the pair of linear guides 23. It is movable on the linear guide 23 by a nut member (not shown) fitted to the ball screw 30 and provided at the bottom of the rake 124. Similarly, the turret stand 27 also has a motor 3.
2. It is movable by a ball screw 33 and a nut member (not shown), which allows the turret base 2
7 can move toward and away from the main shaft (2) on both the X-axis and the Z-axis. Inside the turret stand 27, the turret 2
A motor for indexing No. 8 (not shown) and a motor (not shown) for rotating the rotary tool are built-in.

Next, the milling head section 5 will be explained. The milling head section 5 includes a first slide member 37, a second slide member 39, a third slide section shrine 41, a milling head stand 42 provided on the third slide member 41, and a milling head stand 42. The milling spatula P' 43 is rotatably supported on the X-7° plane, which is a plane parallel to the plane containing the main axis center line.

The first slide member 37 is movable on a pair of linear guides 10 provided on one surface 6a of the bellow l-'6. The second slide member 39 is movable on a pair of linear guides provided on the first slide portion 37-1- extending in the X-axis direction. Further, the third slide member 41 is movable on a pair of linear guides 407 on the second slide member 39. Linear guide 40! l:, X axis and Z
It is provided extending in the X-axis direction perpendicular to the axis.

Further, the first slide member 37
Motor fixed on a 44, ball screw 4
5 and a NAND member (not shown). Further, the second slide member 39, the third
The slide member 41 is movable in the X-axis and X-axis directions by motors 41 and 4B, a ball screw 4950, and a nut member (not shown), respectively. With this configuration, the milling head 43 can move toward and away from the main shaft 1 in all axial directions 1iiJ4 of the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis.

Mounted on the milling head stand 42 are a drive motor 53 that rotates the tool held by the milling head 43, and an indexing motor 54 that indexes the rotating milling head 43.

Hereinafter, the rotation of the milling head 43 will be referred to as B111+ rotation.

Furthermore, an operation panel 60 is arranged on the side of the front part of the device, as shown in FIG. The operation panel 60 is equipped with a CRT, a keyboard with various keys arranged, etc., and a control section 61 (see FIG. 3) that controls the entire device is installed within this operation panel 60. There is.

0 The control unit 61 has a microcomputer equipped with a CPU, ROM, RAM, etc.
As shown in FIG. 3, a keyboard 62 and various sensors 63 are connected thereto.

Further, the control unit 61 is connected to a main spindle motor 8, a main spindle indexing motor 9, a milling head indexing motor 54, a milling head drive unit 64 including a motor, a turret drive unit 65, and other input/output units. There is. Next, the operation will be explained according to the control flow chart shown in FIG. 4Δ and FIG. 4B.

In FIG. 4Δ, in step S1, initial settings such as setting the turret 28 and the milling head section 5 to initial positions are performed. Next, in step S2, the Canadian program is read into the RAM of the control section 61 by tape league.

Then, in step S3, a work start command is awaited.

When a work start command is input from the keyboard 62, YES is determined in step S3, and the process moves to ζ step S4. In step S4, the first command step of one duram is read by adding 1-4. In steps S5 and S6, it is determined whether the command step read in step S4 is a planar processing command or a command for other processing. In addition, in step S7, all command steps are set to M.
It is determined whether or not 'ft t'j has entered.

If the instruction step read in step S4 is a planar machining instruction, the process moves from step S5 to step S8 in FIG. 4B. In step S8, the main shaft motor 8 is stopped to stop the C-axis.

This causes the workpiece to stop rotating. Next step S
9, the rotation angle position of the milling head section 5 is controlled. That is, positioning of the B axis is performed. For example, the fifth
In Figures A and 5B, if the surface to be machined is the X-Y plane (a), the turning angle is Oo, and the X-Z
In the case of a plane or a ZY plane (b, c, f), the turning angle is 190°. Furthermore, in the case of inclined surfaces d and e as shown in FIG. 5A, this inclined surface d
, the B-axis is positioned 1 2 according to the inclination angle of e.

Next, in step SIO, it is determined whether or not X=addition 1- of the Y plane. The surface to be machined is plane a shown in Fig. 5A.
In this case, YES is determined in this step SIO, and the process moves to step Sll.

In step Sll, plane machining is performed by rotating the tool in the milling head section 5 and moving it in the X or Y axis direction, or by fixing it in this direction if the tool diameter is large enough, and also in the X axis direction. Performs feeding control.

If it is determined in step SIO that it is not X-Y plane machining, the process moves from step SIO to step 312. In step S12, the main spindle is indexed by the main spindle indexing motor 9, and the C-axis is positioned. Through the C-axis positioning process in step S12, the plane to be machined is positioned on the XZ plane or the ZY plane.

Next, in step S13, it is determined whether the processed surface is the X-Z plane or the Z-y plane.

The processed surface is, for example, a plane shown in FIG. 5, c.
If it is r, it is determined YES in step S13 and the process moves to step S14. In step s14, while rotating the tool of the milling head section 5, the milling head section 5 is moved in the Y-axis or X-axis direction, or if the tool diameter is sufficiently large, it is fixed in this direction and plane processing is performed, Also, feeding is performed in the X-axis direction.

If the determination in step 313 is NO, the process moves from step S13 to step S15. That is,
If the surface to be machined is inclined by °C with respect to the two axes, like the inclined surfaces d and e shown in FIG. 5A, step S1
Processing is performed in step 5.

In this step S15, the milling head section 5 is rotated as described above and moved in the Y-axis direction, or if the tool diameter is sufficiently large, it is fixed in this direction and plane machining is performed. The feed is performed while controlling movement in both the X-axis direction and the X-axis direction.

When the machining of the corresponding surface is completed, step S in Fig. 4A is performed.
Return to 4.

3 4 If the instruction step read in step S4 is a step for instructing another process, the process moves from step S6 to step SI6. In step S16, processing is performed according to the commanded content, and the process returns to step S4 again.

If all command steps have been executed, step S
7 is determined as YES and the program ends.

In such an embodiment, the milling head 5 is provided in each axial direction.
Since the milling is performed while controlling the movement of the milling surface, milling can be easily performed on any plane. Further, even when pressurizing a hole in an arbitrary plane, the hole can be easily machined by controlling the movement in each axis direction in the same manner as described above.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, in the present invention, machining is performed by controlling the rotational angular position of the spindle and the tool rest, and also by controlling the movement in at least two axes in response to the inclination of the machining surface. Pressure can be easily applied to the plane.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view of a turning center according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged plan view of its main parts, FIG. 3 is a control block diagram thereof, and FIGS. 4A and 4B are control flowcharts. Fig. 5Δ and Fig. 5B are diagrams showing a work plane and a control axis model for explaining the operation. 1... Main spindle, 5... Milling head section, 9, 54.
... Indexing motor, 42 ... Milling head stand, 4
3... Milling - νF, 60... Operation panel, 61.
...control unit, 62...keyboard.

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) In a compound lathe that has a tool stand on the side of the headstock that is movable in three axes that are perpendicular to each other and can be rotated in a plane parallel to the plane containing the spindle, the spindle controls the rotational position of the spindle. a control means; a turning angle control means for controlling the turning angle of the tool stand; and a tool for controlling the movement of the tool stand indexed by the turning angle control means in at least two axial directions in accordance with the inclination of the machining surface. A compound lathe equipped with a table movement control means and.