JPH03209041A - Planetary type traction transmission device and associate structure with roller set and its manufacturing method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make smooth shift without generating vibration or noise by pinching planet rollers between a sun roller and an circumscribing ring arranged on the outside of the sun roller, and accomplishing the condition that a pushing force is applied in the radial direction. CONSTITUTION:Under presence of oil, three planet rollers 3 are installed while pinched between a sun roller 2 and a circumscribing ring 4 arranged concentrically on its outside with a certain spacing reserved circumferentially. A ring member 3b pinched by the sun roller 2 and circumscribing ring 4 is put in the condition that a pushing force is applied in the radial direction on the basis of the elasticity recovery force of distortive deformation of this ring member 3b itself. This ensures smooth shift with no risk of generating vibration or noise.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a planetary traction transmission, a roller assembly structure constituting the device, and a method for manufacturing the same.

[Prior art]

Recent transmissions for gas turbines or blowers are 30
, 000~45. 00Or. p. n+. It has become necessary to be able to change speeds of power that rotates at ultra-high speeds. However, there are various difficulties involved in performing such ultra-high-speed rotational speed changes using a gear transmission.

That is, errors are unavoidable in the machining of gears, and these machining errors cause vibrations to become larger as the gear rotates at higher speeds, creating a dangerous situation.

Measures to prevent vibrations caused by such ultra-high-speed rotation go beyond simply precision machining of gears.
Various measures are required, such as selectively using expensive ultra-high-speed bearings and devising lubrication methods. However, if all these conditions were to be met, the device would have to be extremely expensive.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problems associated with the conventional ultra-high-speed rotation shift described above, and to smoothly generate ultra-high-speed power reaching tens of thousands of rotations by adopting the so-called traxigon system instead of using a gear transmission. It is an object of the present invention to provide a planetary type traction transmission that enables transmission of variable speeds.

Another object of the invention is to provide such a device with a simple structure,
The object of this invention is to provide a roller assembly structure that can be manufactured at low cost and a method for manufacturing the same. [Means for solving the problem] According to recent tribology research, especially research on elasto-hydrodynamic lubrication,
It has been found that when extreme pressure is applied between two surfaces in contact with each other in the presence of a special lubricating oil, the coefficient of friction increases instantaneously by three to four times. As a lubricating oil suitable for such an action, for example, "Sand Trunk" (trade name) manufactured by Nippon Oil has been proposed.

The present invention is based on such tribology theory and achieves the above object by using a planetary roller mechanism using a special roller assembly structure.

That is, the present invention which achieves the above object includes at least three planetary rollers spaced apart in the circumferential direction in the presence of oil between a sun roller and a circumferential ring disposed concentrically on the outside of the sun roller. The planetary roller is divided concentrically with a gap between the roller member on the planetary shaft side and the ring member on the outer peripheral side, and the ring member sandwiched between the sun roller and the circumferential ring is , a pressing force is applied in the radial direction based on the elastic recovery force of the strain deformation of the ring member itself, and the sun roller is connected to the high speed shaft, while the planetary roller is connected to the low speed shaft via a carrier. Alternatively, the circumscribed ring is directly connected to the low-speed shaft.

Further, the roller assembly structure of the present invention, which enables the production of such a transmission device with a simple structure, has at least three circumferential rings arranged between a sun roller and a circumscribing ring concentrically disposed outside the sun roller. The ring member is sandwiched at intervals in the circumferential direction, and a pressing force is applied to the ring member in the radial direction based on the elastic recovery force of the ring member itself due to strain deformation. .

Traction by the transmission of the present invention is generated by applying extreme pressure in the presence of oil between the sun roller and the planetary roller and between the planetary roller and the circumscribing ring, respectively, according to tribological theory. In the device of the present invention, at least three planetary rollers make line contact (press contact) at at least three places with the sun roller, and the circumscribing ring also makes line contact at at least three places with the at least three planetary rollers. (pressure contact), extreme pressure is obtained by these line contacts, and large traction is generated. Therefore, even a large horsepower can be sufficiently transmitted. In order to increase the extreme pressure caused by such line contact, it is preferable to add tarowning to the planetary roller.

Since the device of the present invention is composed of a planetary roller mechanism, machining may simply be performed to increase the roundness of the rollers. Therefore, the occurrence of errors such as those in gear tooth profile machining is extremely small, making it possible to advantageously suppress vibrations during ultra-high speed shifting and reduce noise. In addition, the high speed shaft connected to the sun roller has at least three
Since it is pressed by two planetary rollers, its center position is inevitably determined. This eliminates the need for bearings, and of course there is no need to install ultra-high-speed bearings, which was the most difficult task with conventional gear transmissions.

In the present invention, in the above structure, the planetary roller is concentrically divided into two parts, a roller member on the side of the planetary shaft and a ring member on the outer peripheral side, with a gap interposed therebetween. By dividing the planetary roller into two parts with a gap in this way, the radial pressing force applied to the outer ring member can be applied to the sun roller and the circumferential roller without applying any load to the planetary shaft. Since it can act directly on the ring, it becomes possible to efficiently generate high extreme pressure. This high extreme pressure also makes it possible to generate extremely high traction.

Furthermore, if the planetary roller is configured in two parts, a roller member and a ring member, an oil film will be present in the gap between the two members, and this oil film will also help absorb vibrations.

Further, in the present invention, the pressing force applied to the planetary roller between the sun roller and the circumscribed ring is generated mainly by utilizing the elastic recovery force of the strain deformation applied to the ring member itself of the planetary roller. This eliminates the need for large-scale hydraulic devices and spring devices, making the device extremely simple.

Therefore, a significant cost reduction can be achieved.

(Example) Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically explained using examples shown in the drawings.

Figure l(A). (B) is an example of a transmission device in which the present invention is shown as a planetary type speed reduction device, and FIG.
)． (B) is a roller assembly structure according to the present invention that constitutes the basic part of this transmission.

As shown in FIGS. 1(A) and (B), the transmission of the present invention includes a roller assembly structure 20 as shown in FIGS. 2(A) and (B) in a pair of casings la and Ib. It is attached so that it is pinched. A sun roller 2 is arranged at the center, and three planetary rollers 3 are pressed against the outer periphery of the sun roller 2 in the presence of oil, and a circumscribing ring 4 is pressed against the outside of these three planetary rollers 3 in the presence of oil. . Planetary roller 3
At least three of them are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction so that the power of the sun roller 2 is evenly distributed.

Between each roller, the coefficient of friction is instantaneously increased by 3 to 4 times due to extreme pressure such as the above-mentioned "Santotrack" oil.
Or there is an oil intervening that increases the amount even more.

In the planetary roller mechanism described above, the outer peripheral surface of the sun roller 2 and the inner peripheral surface of the circumscribed ring 4 are formed into a cylindrical shape with a uniform diameter. On the other hand, the outer circumferential surface of the planetary roller 3 is also cylindrical with a uniform diameter, or may be crowned to have a large radius of curvature. The circumscribed ring 4 is fixed by bolts (not shown) or the like so as to be sandwiched between the casings la and lb.

A high-speed shaft 5 is connected to the sun roller 2 as an input shaft and protrudes outside the casing la.

This high-speed shaft 5 is not supported by a bearing, but is connected to a prime mover such as a gas turbine (not shown) via a coupling. The reason why the high-speed shaft can be made without bearings is because the three planetary rollers 3 are in contact with the sun roller 2. The three planetary rollers 3 are supported by a carrier 7 by planetary shafts 6, and a low-speed shaft 8 connected to the carrier 7 projects outside the casing lb as an output shaft.

This low-speed shaft 8 is supported by a bearing 9 and connected to a load (not shown).

The planetary roller 3 has a 21 dollar bearing 10 on the planetary shaft 6 side.
The roller member 3a is rotatably supported via a roller member 3a, and a ring member 3b on the outer peripheral side thereof. A gap I6 is provided between the roller member 3a and the ring member 3b. Since the planetary roller 3 is divided into two parts, the roller member 3a and the ring member 3b, with the gap 16 in between, as will be described later, there is a pressing force in the radial direction between the sun roller 2 and the circumscribing ring 4. is applied, the ring member 3b does not apply a pressing force to the roller member 3a and the planetary shaft 6, and is in direct line contact with the outer circumferential surface of the sun roller 2 and the inner circumferential surface of the circumscribing ring 4, and presses it. Apply pressure. Therefore, the planetary roller 3
A high extreme pressure can be generated between the sun roller 2 and the circumscribing ring 4, respectively.

Although the gap 16 is exaggerated in the figure for convenience of explanation, it is actually a small gap necessary for calculation.

As shown in FIGS. 2(A) and 2(B), the roller assembly structure 20 has a sun roller 2 and a circumscribing ring 4 arranged concentrically, and a planetary roller in an annular space formed between the two. The ring member 3b on the outer peripheral side of No. 3 is press-fitted. In this state before being assembled into the roller assembly structure 20, the dimensions of each component at room temperature are as follows: the outer radius of the sun roller 2 is r, the inner radius of the circumscribing ring 4 is R, and the outer diameter of the ring member 3b. is now l. Therefore, when the sun roller 2 and the circumscribed ring 4 are arranged concentrically without incorporating the ring member 3b,
The relationship is R−r=1δ.

Here, the above-mentioned δ is the displacement when the ring member 3b having a diameter l is deformed into an elliptical shape in the diametrical direction with a necessary pressing force within its elastic limit. When the ring member 3b deformed into an elliptical shape is inserted into the annular space of l-δ (1R-r), the ring member 3b is moved against the sun roller 2 and the circumscribed ring 4 due to its elastic recovery force. A state is reached in which a radial thrust force F is applied and a radial pressing force F is generated as a reaction force.

The displacement (strain amount) δ that generates such a pressing force F can be determined by determining the horsepower, rotational speed, and friction coefficient μ of the transmission in the presence of oil. ,
It can be easily calculated based on that.

The roller assembly structure 20 into which the ring member 3b is press-fitted as described above can be manufactured by the operations shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.

First, as shown in FIG.
is pressed by a displacement δ in the diametrical direction with a pressurizer W, and the minor axis is 2.
Make it into an ellipse of 1 δ. Next, the tensioning jig 30 is inserted into the inside of the ring member 3b, and the tensioning jig 30 is stretched until the presquare W becomes 0, and the elliptical shape is maintained by the tension. Next, the ring member 3b is removed from the press device and placed at equal intervals in the annular space between the sun roller 2 with an outer radius r and the circumscribing ring 4 with an inner radius R, which are arranged concentrically as shown in FIG. Insert into. Next, when the tensioning jig 30 is retracted and removed from the ring member 3b, it is shown in FIG.
)． A roller assembly structure 2o as shown in (B) can be obtained.

The tensioning jig 30 has a left-hand threaded part 32a and a right-hand threaded part 32b on both sides of the nut part 3l, and is configured such that pressing parts 33a and 33b are screwed into the ends of each part. When the nut part 31 is rotated forward and backward, the pressing part 3
Since 3a and 33b are moved in opposite directions, their lengths can be expanded or contracted.

The roller assembly structure 20 as described above can also be manufactured by heating or cooling at least one of the components to generate an expansion difference as follows. That is, as in the case described above, the outer diameter E of the ring member 3b is set to be larger by δ than the difference (R-r) between the outer circumferential radius of the sun roller 2 and the inner circumferential radius R of the circumscribed ring 4 at room temperature. A sun roller, a circumscribing ring, and a ring member each having the following settings are manufactured. Next, at least one of these members (for example, the circumscribed ring 4) is heated so as to produce the above-mentioned displacement δΦ difference, and then a heat treatment is applied between the sun roller and the circumscribed ring in which at least three ring members are arranged concentrically. They are placed at intervals in the circumferential direction and allowed to return to room temperature.

As a result, a radial pressing force can be generated on the ring member in the same manner as described above.

In addition, in the method for manufacturing a roller assembly structure by heating, when there are two or more types of members to be heated, the expansion difference may be obtained by giving a temperature difference to each member.

Using the transmission of the present invention configured as described above,
When ultra-high speed rotation is decelerated and transmitted from the high speed shaft 5 to the low speed shaft 8,
Since a large pressing force is applied in the radial direction between the sun roller 2 and the ring members 3b of the three planetary rollers 3 and between the ring members 3b of the three planetary rollers 3 and the circumscribed ring 4, The above-mentioned oils generate high torque under extreme pressure, making it possible to transmit large horsepower. Moreover, since the power is transmitted by a roller mechanism,
It can operate with far less vibration and noise than a gear mechanism.

FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the invention.

In this transmission, four planetary rollers 3, A, B, C, and D, are arranged, and for a pair of planetary rollers 3, A and C, the contact point between the roller member 3a and the ring member 3b is the sun roller. It is placed on the left side as seen from the center of 2, and B and D
The other pair of planetary rollers 3 each have a roller member 3a.
The contact point between the ring member 3b and the ring member 3b is arranged on the right side, contrary to the above. In this way, the roller member 3a and the ring member 3
Due to the arrangement of the contact point with b, when the sun roller 2 rotates in the clockwise direction R, the planetary rollers A and C act on power transmission to the low-speed shaft 8 side, but the planetary rollers B and D The rollers simply follow the rotation, and when the sun roller 2 rotates in the counterclockwise direction R', the planetary rollers B and D act on power transmission, but the planetary rollers A and C simply follow the rotation. It will just rotate.

Moreover, when the rotation is switched between forward and reverse as described above, it is possible to immediately switch the power transmission from normal rotation to reverse rotation and from reverse rotation to normal rotation without generating a time lag.

Further, in each of the above-mentioned embodiments, the planetary roller 3 is connected to the low-speed shaft 8 via the carrier 7, but the planetary shaft 6 of the planetary roller 3 is fixed to the casing, The circumscribing ring 4 may be directly connected to the low-speed shaft 8.

FIG. 6 shows such an example, in which the circumscribed ring 4 of the roller assembly structure 20 described above is connected to the low-speed shaft 8. Further, in this embodiment, the planetary rollers 3 are arranged in two rows on one planetary shaft 6. By adopting such a continuous structure, the number of line contact areas increases, so that even greater traction can be generated.

Further, in the above-mentioned embodiments, the case of a speed reduction device has been described, but if the low speed shaft is used as an input shaft and the high speed shaft is used as an output shaft, it can be used as a speed increase device.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, the present invention uses a special roller set structure and generates extreme pressure at the contact point of the rollers, thereby generating high traction based on tribology theory and transmitting power. Because the transmission is constructed based on rollers, there is no machining error that occurs when machining gears, and even at ultra-high speeds of tens of thousands of revolutions. , smooth gear shifting can be performed without generating vibration or noise.

In addition, in the present invention, by using a special roller assembly structure, extreme pressure can be generated without using a large-scale hydraulic device, so the first aspect of the present invention is a very simple and low-cost device. Figure (A). (B) shows a transmission device according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 (8) is a view taken along the arrow IA-IA in FIG. 1 (B), FIG. Figure 2 (A). (B) shows a roller assembly structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2(A) is a front view, FIG. 2(B) is a longitudinal sectional view, and FIG. 3 is a roller assembly structure of the same roller assembly structure. Explanatory diagram of the processing method of the ring member when manufacturing the 4th
The figure is an explanatory diagram when a ring member is assembled into the same roller assembly structure, FIG. 5 is a front view showing another embodiment of the transmission according to the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a front view showing still another embodiment of the present invention. FIG.

la, lb...Casing, 2...Sun roller, 3
... Planetary roller, 3a... Roller member, 3b...
Ring member, 4... Circumscribed ring, 5... High speed shaft, 6
... Planet shaft, 7.7'' ... Carrier, 8 ... Low speed shaft, l6 ... Gap, 20 ... Roller assembly structure.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. At least three planetary rollers are sandwiched at intervals in the circumferential direction between a sun roller and a circumferential ring disposed concentrically outside the sun roller in the presence of oil; The planetary roller is divided concentrically with a gap between the roller member on the planetary shaft side and the ring member on the outer peripheral side, and the ring member held between the sun roller and the circumscribing ring is separated from the ring member itself. A pressing force is applied in the radial direction based on the elastic recovery force of strain deformation of A planetary traction transmission characterized by directly connecting a ring to a low-speed shaft. 2. At least two pairs of planetary rollers are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, one pair of planetary rollers makes contact between the outer surface of the roller member and the inner surface of the ring member in the normal rotation direction, and the other pair of planetary rollers Claim 1 wherein the outer surface of the roller member and the inner surface of the ring member are in contact with each other in the reverse direction.
The described planetary traction transmission. 3. At least three ring members are sandwiched at intervals in the circumferential direction between the sun roller and a circumscribed ring arranged concentrically on the outside of the sun roller, and the ring members are used to prevent distortion of the ring members themselves. A roller assembly structure for a planetary traction transmission, characterized in that a pressing force is applied in the radial direction based on the elastic recovery force of deformation. 4. A sun roller, a circumscribing ring, and a ring member set such that the outer diameter l of the ring member is larger than the difference (R-r) between the outer radius of the sun roller and the inner radius R of the circumscribing ring at room temperature. and press at least three ring members in the diametrical direction within the elastic limit to deform them into an elliptical shape, while maintaining the elliptical shape in the inner major axis direction of the elliptical ring members. After inserting a tensioning jig and placing these ring members at intervals in the circumferential direction between the sun roller and the circumscribing ring, which are arranged concentrically, the outer periphery of the ring member is removed by removing the tensioning jig. A method for manufacturing a roller assembly structure for a planetary traction transmission, characterized in that a surface is brought into pressure contact with the sun roller and the circumscribing ring by the elastic recovery force of the ring member itself, and a pressing force in the radial direction is generated on the ring member. . 5. A sun roller, a circumscribing ring, and a ring member in which the outer diameter l of the ring member is set to be larger than the difference (R-r) between the outer radius r of the sun roller and the inner radius R of the circumscribing ring at room temperature. After heating or cooling is applied to at least one of these members such that the dimensions satisfy the relationship l>(R-r), at least three of the ring members are arranged concentrically. A roller for a planetary traction transmission device, characterized in that the sun roller and a circumscribing ring are disposed so as to be spaced apart in the circumferential direction, and then returned to room temperature to generate a radial pressing force on the ring member. A method for manufacturing a set structure.