JPH03121337A - High speed epicyclic traction speed change device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To smoothly transmit and speed-shift ultra-high speed power by providing a planetary roller mechanism having a special roller configuration and a hydraulic pressurizing mechanism so as to produce a high local pressure at the contact point of each roller so as to generate a high traction for power transmission. CONSTITUTION:At least three planetary rollers 3 have each convex curved surfaces at both shoulder parts of its outer peripheral surface which are made into press-contact with two left and right rings 4, 4' having inner peripheral surfaces of cone-like shapes with equal inclined angles so that the three planetary rollers 3 are made into press-contact with the outer periphery of a sun roller 2 under the presence of oil. At least one of the outer contact rings 4, 4' is unrotatable but movable in the axial direction, and is pressed against the planetary roller 3 side by means of ring-like bellows 11. Further, each planetary roller 3 is concentrically split into a planetary shaft 6 side roller part 3a and an outer peripheral side ring part 3b with a gap 16 therebetween, and further, the sun roller 2 is coupled to a high speed shaft 5 while the planetary rollers 3 are coupled to a low speed shaft 8 by way of a carrier 7.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a high-speed planetary traction transmission, and more particularly to a planetary traction transmission capable of smoothly transmitting ultra-high-speed power, which extends to enemy rotation. .

[Prior art]

Recent transmissions for gas turbines or blowers are 30
,000 to 45.00 Or, p, m, and it is now required to be able to change the speed of ultra-high-speed rotational power. However, there are various difficulties involved in performing such ultra-high-speed rotational speed changes using a gear transmission. That is, errors are unavoidable in the machining of gears, and these machining errors cause vibrations to become thicker (and potentially dangerous) as the gear rotates at higher speeds.

Measures to prevent vibrations caused by such ultra-high-speed rotation go beyond simply precision machining of gears.
Various measures are required, such as selectively using expensive ultra-high-speed bearings and devising lubrication methods. However, if all these conditions were to be met, the device would have to be extremely expensive.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problems associated with the conventional ultra-high-speed rotation shift described above, and by adopting a so-called traction method instead of using a gear transmission, It is an object of the present invention to provide a high-speed planetary traction transmission device capable of smoothly transmitting extremely high-speed power.

[Means to accomplish the task]

According to recent research on tribology, especially research on elasto-hydraulic lubrication, when extreme pressure is applied between two surfaces in contact with each other in the presence of a special lubricating oil, the coefficient of friction instantly increases from 2 to 2. It has been found that the amount increases by as much as three times. As a lubricating oil suitable for such an action, for example, ``Santo Truck'' (trade name) manufactured by Nippon Oil Corporation has been proposed.

The present invention is based on such tribology theory, and achieves the above object by combining it with a specially shaped planetary roller mechanism and a hydraulic pressure mechanism.

That is, the present invention achieves the above object by pressing the left and right sides of these i1M rollers so that at least three planetary rollers, each of which has at least both shoulder portions of the outer peripheral surface having a convex curved surface, are pressed into contact with the outer periphery of the sun roller in the presence of oil. Two left and right circumscribing rings, each having a cone-shaped inner circumferential surface with the same inclination, are pressed into contact with both shoulders in the presence of oil, at least one of the circumscribing rings is made non-rotatable and movable in the axial direction, and A movable circumscribed ring is configured to press against the planetary roller side by a hydraulic pressure mechanism, and the planetary roller is arranged concentrically in three parts, a roller part on the planetary shaft side and a ring part on the outer peripheral side, with a gap therebetween. The invention is characterized in that it has a divided structure, and that the sun roller is connected to a high-speed shaft and the planetary roller is connected to a low-speed shaft via a carrier.

Such traction by the device of the present invention is generated by applying extreme pressure in the presence of oil between the sun roller and the planetary roller and between the planetary roller and the circumscribing ring, respectively, according to the tribological theory. In the device of the present invention, at least three planetary rollers make line contact (press contact) at at least three points with the sun roller, and at least six point contacts (press contact) are made by the circumscribing ring with at least three planetary rollers. Since the structure is configured to perform pressure welding, a large amount of traction is generated by the combined contact. Therefore, even large horsepower can be sufficiently transmitted.

Since the device of the present invention is composed of a planetary roller mechanism, machining may simply be performed to increase the roundness of the rollers. Therefore, errors such as those caused by gear tooth profile machining are extremely rare, making it possible to advantageously suppress vibrations during ultra-high speed shifting. Furthermore, since the sun roller is pressed against at least three planetary rollers, the center position of the high-speed shaft connected to the sun roller is necessarily determined. This eliminates the need for bearings, and of course there is no need to install ultra-high-speed bearings, which was the most difficult task with conventional gear transmissions.

In the above configuration of the present invention, it is sufficient that the outer circumferential surface of the planetary roller has a convex curved surface at least at both shoulder portions. Furthermore, it is sufficient that at least one of the left and right circumscribing rings that press against the left and right shoulders of the planetary roller is movable in the axial direction, and it is not necessary that both rings are movable. The outer circumferential surface of the sun roller may be shaped to match the shape of the planetary rollers so as to easily generate the largest traction, and for this reason it is desirable to have a cylindrical shape with a uniform diameter.

The planetary roller is divided concentrically into three parts, a roller part on the planetary shaft side and a ring part on the outer peripheral side, with a gap in between. By dividing the planetary roller into three parts with a gap in this way, the radial force applied to the planetary roller by the circumscribing ring can be applied directly to the sun roller without applying any load to the planetary shaft. Because it is possible to
It becomes possible to efficiently generate high extreme pressure. Additionally, this high extreme pressure can generate extremely high traction.

In addition, when the planetary roller has a two-part structure, an oil film is present in the gap between the three parts, and this oil film also helps in absorbing vibrations.

Furthermore, most of the centrifugal force generated by the planetary rollers can be received by the circumscribing ring, and the load on the planetary bearings can be reduced.

As the hydraulic pressure mechanism, a ring-shaped bellows mechanism or a ring-shaped piston mechanism operated by hydraulic pressure can be used. Since the hydraulic pressure mechanism is capable of hydraulic adjustment, the pressure contact force can be easily adjusted by this hydraulic adjustment. Therefore, the durability of the planetary roller mechanism can be increased by adjusting the pressure contact force by adjusting the hydraulic pressure, and in some cases, the device can be started more conveniently.

〔Example〕

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be specifically explained below using embodiments shown in the drawings.

FIGS. 1 and 2 show a transmission device in which the present invention is shown as a speed reduction device. Inside the casing l, a sun roller 2 is arranged at the center, and three planetary rollers 3 are pressed against the outer periphery of the sun roller 2 in the presence of oil. The circumscribed rings 4, 4'' are in pressure contact with each other in the presence of oil. In such a planetary roller mechanism, at least three planetary rollers 3 are provided so that the power of the sun roller 2 is evenly distributed, and They are arranged at equal intervals.The oil interposed between the rollers may be the above-mentioned "Santotrack" oil or the like.

In the above planetary roller mechanism, the sun roller 2 has an outer peripheral surface formed in a cylindrical shape with a uniform diameter, and the outer peripheral surface of the planetary roller 3 has convex curved surfaces at both shoulders and a uniform cylindrical surface at the center. It is formed. In addition, two circumscribed rings on the left and right4.
4' is formed into a cone-shaped surface whose inner peripheral surfaces are inclined at the same angle. These circumscribing rings 4, 4' are made non-rotatable by a key lO fixed to the inner wall surface of the casing 1, and are movable in the axial direction along this key 10.

Further, on both sides of each circumscribed ring 4, 4', a ring-shaped bellow 11 is provided which operates hydraulically as a hydraulic pressure mechanism.
are provided, and are pressed against each other toward the planetary rollers by the action of the ring-shaped bellows 11. Hydraulic oil for the ring-shaped bellows 11 is supplied from a hydraulic source 12.

A high-speed shaft 5 is connected to the sun roller 2 as an input shaft and protrudes to the outside of the casing 1. Further, the three planetary rollers 3 are supported by the carrier 7 by the planetary shaft 6,
A deceleration shaft 8 connected to this carrier 7 projects outside of the casing 1 as an output shaft. The high-speed shaft 5 is not supported by bearings, but is connected to a prime mover such as a gas turbine (not shown) via a coupling. The reason why the high-speed shaft can be made without bearings is because the three planetary rollers are in contact with the sun roller. Further, the deceleration shaft 8 is supported by a bearing 9 and connected to a load (not shown).

The planetary roller 3 is divided into two parts: a roller part 3a on the side of the planetary shaft 6 and a ring part 3b on the outer peripheral side thereof, and a gap 16 is interposed between the roller part 3a and the ring part 3b. . Since the planetary roller 3 has a two-part structure with a gap 16 in this way, the ring portion 3b pressed in the radial direction by the circumscribing ring 4.4' applies a load to the roller portion 3a and the planetary shaft 6. Direct sun roller 2 without
It is possible to generate a high extreme pressure between the sun roller 2 and the circumscribing ring 4.4°.

The ring-shaped bellows 11, which is a hydraulic pressure mechanism, is, for example, a third
As shown in Figures (A) and (B), two ring plates 1
The inner circumferential side and the outer circumferential side between 3.13 and 14.13 are respectively connected by stretchable metal elastic membranes 14.14. A supply pipe 15 is connected to a part of the ring plate 13, and hydraulic oil from the hydraulic power source 12 is supplied and discharged from the supply pipe 15 to the space surrounded by the metal elastic membrane 14 via a supply pump or the like. By supplying and discharging this hydraulic oil, the ring-shaped bellows 11
expands and contracts to exert a pressing action on the circumscribed rings 4, 4''.

In the transmission device of the present invention described above, when decelerating and transmitting ultra high speed rotation from the high speed shaft 5 to the low speed shaft 8, the circumscribing ring 4 is supplied with hydraulic oil to the ring bellows 11.
．． 4' is moved in the axial direction toward the planetary roller 3, and the cone surface of its circumscribed ring 4.4'' creates a radial gap between the ring 3b of the three planetary rollers 3 and the sun roller 2 due to its wedge action. Generates a large pressing force.

At this time, the circumscribed rings 4, 4' and the planetary roller 3 come into contact at six points, while the planetary roller 3 and the sun roller 2
There are three lines in contact with each other to generate high traction,
Enables power transmission of large horsepower. Here, circumscribed ring 4
, 4" and the planetary roller 3 are in point contact, but the diameter of the circumscribed ring is larger than the diameter of the sun roller, and since they are inscribed and in contact at six points, the planetary roller 3 and the sun roller 2 It is possible to generate a well-balanced traction force with line contact at certain points.

FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the invention.

In this embodiment, of the circumscribing rings 4.4', only the negative circumscribing ring 4' is movable in the axial direction, the other circumscribing ring 4 is fixed and immovable, and the other circumscribing rings 4.4' The mechanism is the same as the embodiment shown in FIG. This transmission can also generate the same traction force as the embodiment shown in FIG.

The hydraulic pressure mechanism used in the present invention is not limited to the ring-shaped bellows as described in the embodiments, but may be replaced with a ring-shaped piston mechanism or other similar mechanisms with a 4° angle.

Incidentally, in the above-mentioned embodiments, the case of a speed reduction device has been described, but if the low speed shaft is used as an input shaft and the high speed shaft is used as an output shaft, it can be used as a speed increase device.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As mentioned above, the present invention uses a planetary roller mechanism with a special roller shape and a hydraulic pressure mechanism to generate extreme pressure at the contact point of the rollers, thereby generating high traction based on tribology theory and transmitting power. It is something to do. Because it is configured based on rollers like this,
There are no machining errors that occur when machining gears, and even at ultra-high speeds that reach the speed of rotation, the gears can be shifted smoothly without vibration.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the arrow ■-■ in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 (A).
(B) is a cross-sectional view and a half-plane view of a ring-shaped bellows used in the device of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a transmission device according to another embodiment of the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Casing, 2... Sun roller, 3... Planetary roller, 3a... Roller part, 3b... Ring part,
4° 4°... Circumscribed ring, 5... High speed axis, 6...
Planetary axis, 7...Carrier, 8...Low speed axis, 11...
・Ring bellow (hydraulic pressure mechanism), 16... gap.

Claims (1)

[Claims] At least three planetary rollers having convex curved surfaces on at least both shoulder portions of the outer circumferential surface are pressed onto the outer circumference of the sun roller in the presence of oil. The two left and right circumscribed rings are brought into pressure contact in the presence of oil, at least one of the circumscribed rings is made non-rotatable and movable in the axial direction, and the movable circumscribed ring is pressed against the planetary roller side by a hydraulic pressure mechanism. The planetary roller is divided concentrically into two parts, a roller part on the planetary shaft side and a ring part on the outer circumferential side, with a gap therebetween, and the sun roller is placed on a high-speed shaft, and the planetary roller A high-speed planetary traction transmission characterized in that rollers are each connected to a low-speed shaft via a carrier.