JPH03194019A - Excavator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To surely move an excavating body and to obtain a smooth excavated surface by fixing one of two parallel links in a trapezoidal four joint rotary mechanism, and by attaching an excavating body to the middle point of the other one of the links by means of a pin. CONSTITUTION:Four links A through D are coupled together by means of pins so as to form a four joint rotary mechanism. One D, D of two parallel links B, B, D, D in the four joint rotary mechanism is fixed, and an excavating body 2 incorporating an excavating means such as a rotary cutter 21 or the like is attached to the middle point of the other one B, B of the links by means of a pin. With this arrangement, it is possible to prevent the movement of the excavating body 2 from being hindered by an excavated piece or the like, and it is possible to move the excavating body 2 in an approximated straight line without swinging the front end of the excavating body 2.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] <Industrial Application Field> The present invention is a method for excavating holes for the foundations of various structures, continuous underground walls, etc. to make the front surface of the hole smooth in the excavation direction. It's about machines.

<Conventional technology> Excavators that excavate the bottom of a hole to form a smooth surface have conventionally had a structure in which one end of the excavating body equipped with a rotary cutter or the like is supported by a pin and swings, or a structure in which the excavating member is connected to a guide rail. There is an excavator that moves along these guide rails.

<Problems to be Solved by the Present Invention> The conventional excavator described above has the following problems.

<A> In the type in which one end of the excavation body is pivotally supported and swung, the free end of the excavation body draws an arc, so the excavation surface also forms an arc, making it difficult to form a smooth surface.

<Open> In the type that engages with the guide rail, excavated pieces etc. tend to adhere to the inside of the guide rail (and it is difficult to move the excavated body smoothly).

Further, if the guide rail is clogged with excavated pieces, the excavation work must be interrupted and these excavated pieces must be removed, which requires a lot of effort for maintenance and management.

<Objective of the present invention> The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and allows for easy maintenance and smooth drilling of the front surface in the drilling direction even in a narrow space. The purpose is to provide excavators that can.

<Means for solving the problem> That is, the present invention configures a four-bar rotation mechanism by connecting four links in a trapezoidal shape via pins, and of this rotation mechanism, two parallel links in the trapezoid shape This is an excavator in which one of the links is fixed, and an excavating body with an excavating means is attached to the midpoint of the other link via a pin.

<Description of the present invention> The present invention will be explained in detail below.

<B> Overall description of the excavator (Fig. 1.2) The excavator according to the present invention includes an excavating means for excavating the ground etc., a moving means for moving the excavating means while maintaining verticality, and an excavator for excavating. Consists of soil removal means for discharging soil.

<Excavation> Excavation means In FIG. 1, numeral 1 denotes a frame consisting of a box with open upper and lower ends.

This frame 1 is equipped with an excavator 2 having a rotary cutter 21 at its tip.

As will be described later, this excavation body 2 is moved to the frame 1 by a moving means that maintains straightness in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the hole is excavated.
Attach movably to the top.

Further, the outer periphery of the frame 1 is equipped with a fixing plate 13 for fixing the excavator in contact with the ground.

The fixing plate 13 is attached to the frame 1 via a jack or the like, and the fixing plate 1 is expanded or contracted by the jack or the like.
It has a structure that allows you to freely adjust the distance between No. 3 and the ground.

<C> Excavating body moving means In order to maintain the straightness of the excavating body 2 and move it, a link device that performs the following approximate linear motion is employed.

[Principle of motion of approximate linear motion mechanism] (Figure 3.4) The link device connects four links in a trapezoidal shape via pins to form a four-section rotation mechanism. It has a structure in which one of two parallel links is fixed, and an excavating body equipped with an excavating means is attached to the midpoint of the other link via a pin.

In other words, two links A and C (moving joints) of equal length are arranged in a V-shape, and the upper and lower ends of these links A and C are connected with link B (intermediate joint) and link D, which have different lengths. , are connected via pins to form a trapezoidal shape.

Here, if link D is a stationary node, links A and C swing.

At this time, both ends of link B move up and down, but the midpoint of link B hardly moves up and down, maintaining straightness, and an approximate linear motion point G is formed at the midpoint of link B. Ru.

Furthermore, a plurality of sets (for example, two sets) of the link devices are arranged.

At this time, the trajectories of both sets of approximate linear motion points G are parallel, and both approximate linear motion points G are arranged so as to be located on the same perpendicular line.

Then, both approximate linear motion points G are connected by a communication link 1, that is, an excavation body 2.

Link H is located at the midpoint of links B and D when the link device is in a trapezoidal shape.

Therefore, when the links A and C are swung, the approximate linear motion points G of both sets do not move up or down relative to each other (they move straight in the swiveling direction at the same speed).

Therefore, the communication link H supported by pins on both approximate linear motion points G can be translated in parallel while maintaining verticality.

[Attachment of excavation body 1 Instead of stationary link D, lower ends Ad and Cd of links A and C are rotatably supported by pins on frame 1.

Then, the excavation body 2 is supported by a pin at the midpoint G of the link B.

Further, hydraulic jacks 3 are disposed between both ends of the link B and the frame 1, so that a swinging motion can be applied to the link.

As a result, when the hydraulic jack 3 applies a swinging motion to the link, the excavating body 2 does not move up and down but performs an approximately linear motion in the horizontal direction.

Therefore, smooth excavation as shown in FIG. 2 can be performed.

<2> Soil removal means The excavated earth and sand can be discharged out of the hole through, for example, a transfer pipe 22 provided on a communication link H connected to the tail end of the excavation body 2.

<Other aspects 1> (Fig. 5.6) In the above, the case where two sets of link devices are arranged has been described, but the same effect can be expected even if only the - set is arranged.

<Other aspects 2> (Fig. 7) As shown in Fig. 7, an excavation body 2 provided on a frame 1
It is also possible to engage the holding member 14 that holds the excavating body 2 with the sliding member 23 provided on the outer periphery of the excavating body 2 to swing the excavating body 2 to perform excavation.

<Other Embodiment 3> (Fig. 8.9) As a means for moving the excavation body 2, it is also possible to adopt the following structure.

Only one set of link devices that perform approximate linear motion is attached to the frame 1.

Then, the guide groove 12 formed on the frame 1 and both ends Ba and Be of the link B are connected by supporting pins with the auxiliary link 1.

Further, a hydraulic jack 4 is fixed on the frame 1, and the free end of the hydraulic jack 4 is connected to a pin shaft fulcrum of the guide groove 12.

The structure is such that one end of the auxiliary link (2) is slid on the guide groove 12 by the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic jack 4, thereby imparting rocking to the link device.

Note that even if the link devices of each of the above aspects are arranged in opposite directions, there will be no adverse effect on the approximate linear motion.

<Effects of the Present Invention> Since the present invention has been described above, the following effects can be expected.

(a) Instead of moving the excavating body by guiding it along guide rails like in conventional excavators, we adopted a link device that moves in an approximate straight line.

Therefore, the movement of the excavated body is not blocked by excavated pieces or the like, and the excavated body can be reliably moved.

<Mouth> The major difference from conventional excavators is the means for moving the excavator.

That is, in the present invention, the excavation body is gripped by a link device that moves approximately in a straight line.

Therefore, since the tip of the excavating body moves linearly without swinging, a smooth excavated surface can be obtained.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1.2: Detailed explanation of the present invention Figure 3.4: Illustration of the principle of approximate linear motion Figures 5 to 9: Illustration of other aspects

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) Four links are connected in a trapezoidal shape via pins to form a four-joint rotation mechanism. Of this rotation mechanism, one of the two parallel trapezoidal links is fixed, and the midpoint of the other link is fixed. An excavator is an excavator in which an excavator body equipped with excavating means is attached to the excavator via a pin.