JP3296355B2 - Hydraulic excavator bucket - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a bucket mounted on the end of a boom of a hydraulic shovel and used for excavation work or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a bucket of this type includes a base that can be attached to and detached from the tip of a boom of a hydraulic shovel, a fixed bucket that is fixed to the base, and a movable bucket that is attached to the base via an opening and closing mechanism. In general, the movable bucket is configured so as to open and close between the movable bucket and the fixed bucket by rotating about the base side as a fulcrum. According to this conventional bucket, since the movable bucket rotates with respect to the fixed bucket, the movable bucket opens and closes, so that the ground or a pile of earth and sand is digged, and waste, concrete fragments, stones, etc. are picked up. Etc. can be performed.

However, in the above-mentioned conventional bucket,
Due to the structure in which the movable bucket is opened and closed by rotating, the operation of only the bucket cannot collect sediment, waste, and the like left on the ground. Therefore, at the time of the collecting operation, with the fixed bucket and the movable bucket closed, the hydraulic shovel is moved forward or backward to scrape soil, waste, or the like at the tips of both buckets, or It is necessary to replace the bucket with a bucket dedicated to collection and excavation work in the shape of a bucket, and to advance or retreat the hydraulic shovel in the same manner as described above to scrape soil, waste, etc. at the tip of the dedicated bucket. Operation and the work of replacing buckets are troublesome, so that there is a problem that it takes a long time to work and the working efficiency is poor.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and its object is to provide a plurality of functions such as digging, grasping, collecting, etc. in the same bucket. It is an object of the present invention to provide a hydraulic shovel bucket capable of shortening the on-site work time and improving the work efficiency.

[0005]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a hydraulic shovel having a movable bucket mounted on a base formed to be attached to and detached from a boom of a hydraulic shovel. A bucket opening / closing mechanism for opening and closing the movable bucket is provided. The bucket opening / closing mechanism includes a guide member for engaging the movable bucket substantially horizontally and rotatably. While engaging with the member, it is rotated between a fully open position where the fixed bucket is substantially fully opened and an opposing position where the fixed bucket is opposed to the fixed bucket at a predetermined interval. The movable bucket is configured to move substantially horizontally between the opposed position and a fully closed position where the movable bucket is substantially fully closed with respect to the fixed bucket while being engaged with the guide member. It is characterized in.

Here, the bucket opening and closing mechanism is capable of rotating the movable bucket in both directions between the fully opened position and the opposed position while engaging the movable bucket with the guide member. Means all configurations that can move substantially horizontally in both directions between the fully closed position, specifically, a guide member having a substantially horizontal long hole, a long groove, a guide rail, etc., is fixed to the base. A movable bucket is horizontally and freely rotatably engaged with the guide member, and the movable bucket is rotated between the fully opened position and the opposed position by a link mechanism provided on the base side, A configuration in which the link mechanism is moved substantially horizontally between the opposed position and the fully closed position, a configuration in which the link mechanism is replaced with a gear mechanism combining a plurality of gears, or a configuration in which the link mechanism is a link mechanism and a gear mechanism Group A configuration like substituted on the combined mechanism. In addition, the above-mentioned substantially horizontal movement is, in detail, when the fixed bucket is made substantially orthogonal to the ground by operating a boom of a hydraulic shovel or the like, the movable bucket is moved substantially horizontally so as to advance and retreat with respect to the opening surface of the fixed bucket. It means to move, in other words, it means that the movable bucket can move on a substantially straight line perpendicular to the opening surface of the fixed bucket.

Preferably, the bucket opening / closing mechanism is fixed to the base with one end fixed to the base, and is pivotally connected to the other end of the fixed arm. A pivoting plate around which the pivoting surface pivots around a pivoting portion, one end of which is pivotally mounted on the pivoting surface of the pivoting plate, and the other end of which is the opening direction of the movable bucket. A first movable arm pivotally attached to the outer surface of the movable plate, and a second movable arm pivotally attached at one end to the pivot surface of the pivot plate and pivotally attached at the other end to the outer surface of the movable bucket at the base side. Arm and
A hydraulic cylinder having the proximal end pivotally attached to the base and the distal end of the telescopic rod pivotally attached to the pivot surface of the pivot plate, and the hydraulic cylinder pivoting the pivot plate, While engaging the movable bucket with the guide member,
It is configured to rotate between the fully open position and the opposed position and to move substantially horizontally between the opposed position and the fully closed position. Here, the term “on the turning surface” means a portion of the turning plate that is pivotably attached to the turning plate and that is capable of circular movement around the center of the turning. For example, the turning plate is formed in a substantially square shape. However, when the one corner side is used as the center of rotation, the other three corner portions are included.

[0008]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 4 show an example of a hydraulic shovel bucket according to the present invention, and FIG. 5 shows a state where the hydraulic shovel bucket is mounted on a hydraulic shovel.

The bucket A includes a base 10 formed to be attached to and detached from a boom 51 of a hydraulic excavator 50,
0, a fixed bucket 20 detachably fixed to the lower surface,
A movable bucket 30 facing the fixed bucket 20 and a bucket opening / closing mechanism 40 for opening and closing the movable bucket 30 with respect to the fixed bucket 20;
0 is configured to open and close the fixed bucket 20 by rotation and substantially horizontal movement.

The base 10 has a substantially square fixed plate 11 and a pivoting plate 12 pivotally attached at a substantially central portion thereof so as to be rotatable.
Two parallel mounting shafts 13 and 13 are supported on the upper surface of 2 by a pair of fixing brackets 14 and 14 at both ends.
The fixed plate 11 and the rotating plate 12 are placed on the upper surface of the fixed plate 11 by 90
° and four pin holes 11a
By engaging a pin 12a provided so as to be protruded and retracted by the urging force of a resilient member on the lower surface of the
It is configured to rotate while being positioned every time.
The two mounting shafts 13, 13 are shafts detachably mounted on the end of the boom 51 of the hydraulic shovel 50, and are inserted through and fixed to a pair of fixing brackets 14, 14.

The fixed bucket 20 has a substantially semicircular shape in a side view, and a pair of parallel plate-shaped support brackets 22 for supporting both ends of a hanging shaft 21 are provided on the outer surface of the base 10 side (upper side in FIG. 1). Each support bracket 22 is provided with a pin hole 24 below the engaging shaft 21. The fixed bucket 20 is connected to the base 10
A pair of parallel plate-shaped fixing brackets 15 are fixed to the lower surface of the fixing plate 11 by welding.
5 has a notch 15a formed in the front opening,
1, and a pin is inserted into the pin hole 24 of the support bracket 22 from the outside of the fixing bracket 15 below the notch 15 a to be detachably fixed to the base 10.

The movable bucket 30 has a substantially semicircular shape in a side view facing the fixed bucket 20, and has an engaging portion 31 for engaging with a guide member 46 described later on an outer surface of the base 10 (upper side in FIG. 1). A pivot portion 32 pivotally attached to a second movable arm 44 described later is provided, and a pivot portion 33 pivotally attached to a first movable arm 43 described later is provided on the outer surface on the opening direction side (the right side in FIG. 1). I have.

Each of the engaging portion 31, the pivot portion 32, and the pivot portion 33 supports both ends of a shaft member between a pair of parallel brackets having a substantially triangular plate shape in a side view, and connects one side portion of both brackets. It is formed by welding to the outer surface of the movable bucket 30.
In addition, two sets of engaging portions 31 are provided on the outer surface on the base 10 side for left and right (left and right in FIG. 3), and by engaging the corresponding two guide members 46, 46, the movable bucket 3 is provided.
The rattling in the horizontal direction during horizontal movement and rotation of 0 is reduced.

The bucket opening / closing mechanism 40 includes a fixed arm 41
, A rotating plate 42, a first movable arm 43, a second movable arm 44, a hydraulic cylinder 45, and a guide member 46.

The fixed arm 41 is a plate-like member having one end side welded and fixed to the lower surface of the fixed plate 11 of the base 10 and the other end side projected rearward. A shaft member for pivotally connecting the rotating plate 42 is supported at both ends between the other end portions.

The rotating plate 42 is provided with two substantially rectangular flat plates parallel to each other. The rotating plate 42 is pivotally attached to the other end of the fixed arm 41 so that one corner of the flat plate becomes a rotation center portion 42a. By supporting both ends of a shaft member for pivoting between the two flat plates at the two corner portions, the pivot portions 42b and 42 are supported.
c, 42d. That is, the rotating plate 42
One corner side is pivotally connected to the other end side of the fixed arm 41, and the pivotal connection portion is used as a rotation center portion 42a, and the other three corner side pivotal support portions 42b, 42c, 42d are configured to make a circular motion. I have.

The first movable arm 43 has one end thereof connected to the pivotal support 4 on the diagonal side of the pivot center 42 a of the pivot plate 42.
2c, and the other end is pivotally connected to the pivot 33 of the movable bucket 30.

The second movable arm 44 has one end thereof pivotally attached to a pivotal support 42d below (at the lower side in FIG. 2) a pivot center 42a of the pivoting plate 42, and the other end thereof is The movable bucket 30 is pivotally attached to a pivot 32.

The hydraulic cylinder 45 includes a hydraulic excavator 50.
This is a cylinder rod that causes the telescopic rod 45a to expand and contract by hydraulic control from the side.
While being pivotally attached to the lower surface of the fixed plate 11 of the base 10 via the pivot bracket 16, the distal end of the telescopic rod 45 a is attached to the pivot 42 b above the pivot center 42 a of the pivot plate 42 (upper in FIG. 2). It is pivoted.

The guide member 46 has a frame shape having a guide slot 46a, and the guide slot 46a is formed so that the longitudinal direction of the guide slot 46a is substantially perpendicular to the opening surface of the fixed bucket 20, that is, the guide slot 46a is formed. Move the movable bucket 30 so that it is horizontal.
Are provided above and below the left and right (left and right in FIG. 3) objects.
0 is fixed to the lower surface of the fixing plate 11. The guide member 46 is formed by loosely fitting a shaft member constituting the engaging portion 31 of the movable bucket 30 into the guide elongated hole 46a.
The engaging portion 31 is horizontally and rotatably engaged.

Next, the opening / closing operation of the bucket A will be described in detail. As shown in FIG. 3, when the extensible rod 45a is contracted to the shortest length by the operation of the hydraulic excavator 50, the movable bucket 30 is closed. The engagement portion 31 is the guide slot 46
a, the movable bucket 30 is fixed to the fixed bucket 2
The position becomes a fully open position with respect to 0.

As the telescopic rod 45a is gradually extended, the turning plate 42 turns clockwise about the turning center 42a. Then, the rotation is performed by the first movable arm 4.
3 and the first movable arm 43 are transmitted to the movable bucket 30. Therefore, while rotating the movable bucket 30 in the closing direction with respect to the fixed bucket 20 about the axis of the engagement portion 31, the movable bucket 30 is guided to the guide elongated hole 46a and slid to the left. , And a fixed position facing the fixed bucket 20 at a predetermined interval (the position of the movable bucket 30 indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 3).

When the telescopic rod 45a is further extended, the movable bucket 30 moves the engaging portion 31 into the guide slot 46a.
, And slides to the left to move substantially horizontally during a predetermined interval H from the above-described opposing position to the fully-closed position where the fixed bucket is substantially fully closed. When the movable bucket 30 is opened, the operation opposite to the above is performed by gradually contracting the telescopic rod 45a of the hydraulic cylinder 45.

During the predetermined interval H, the engaging portion 31 on the upper portion of the movable bucket 30 slightly rotates in the guide elongated hole 46a, and the pivotal support portion 32 pivotally attached to the first movable arm 43 and Since the locus of the pivot portion 32 pivotally attached to the second movable arm 44 has a smooth curved shape close to a straight line, the movement of the movable bucket 30 is a substantially horizontal movement including a slight rotational movement.

According to the bucket A of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5A, the work of digging the ground can be performed by the opening and closing operation from the fully open position to the fully closed position.
As shown in FIG. 5 (b), the operation of grasping waste and the like can be performed by the opening / closing operation from the fully open position to the facing position or the opening / closing operation from the facing position to the fully closed position. Further, as shown in FIG. In addition, by the opening and closing operation from the facing position to the fully closed position, the work of collecting earth and sand, waste, and the like can be performed.

Also, in the bucket A, since the fixed plate 11 and the rotating plate 12 are rotated while being positioned at every 90 ° in the base 10, the base 10 is attached to the end of the boom 51 of the hydraulic excavator 50. After being mounted, the fixed bucket 20 and the movable bucket 30 can be horizontally rotated every 90 ° depending on the usability according to the site conditions.

Further, the bucket A is a fixed bucket 20
The fixed bucket 2 can be easily attached and detached.
By removing 0, it can also be used as a bucket for collection and excavation work in which only the movable bucket 30 operates.

[0028]

Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following effects. Because the movable bucket opens and closes by turning and substantially horizontal movement,
Of course you can dig and grab,
The work of collecting using the horizontal movement range of the movable bucket can also be performed. Therefore, a bucket for a hydraulic shovel having three functions in the same bucket can be provided.
Moreover, in the above three operations, the rotation of the movable bucket and the horizontal movement are continuous operations.
Work can be performed by the same operation, operation is simple and work efficiency is good. Especially when you do the work of collecting
Since there is no need to replace the bucket with a dedicated one or to move the hydraulic excavator forward or backward as in the related art, the work can be performed efficiently in a short time.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing an example of a hydraulic shovel bucket according to the present invention, showing a state in which a movable bucket is performing a closing operation.

FIG. 2 is a side view showing a state in which a fixed bucket and a movable bucket are closed in the hydraulic shovel bucket.

FIG. 3 is a rear view of the hydraulic excavator bucket in the state of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a top view of the bucket for the hydraulic excavator.

5A and 5B show a state in which the hydraulic shovel bucket is mounted on the hydraulic shovel, wherein FIG. 5A is a side view showing a digging operation, and FIG. 5B is a side view showing a gripping operation. (C) is a side view showing a state of performing a collecting operation.

[Explanation of symbols]

10: Base 20: Fixed bucket 30: Movable bucket 40: Bucket opening / closing mechanism 41: Fixed arm 42: Rotating plate 42a: Rotating center 43: First movable arm 44: Second movable arm 45: Hydraulic cylinder 45a: Telescopic Rod 46: Guide member A: Bucket

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E02F 3/40 E02F 3/32 E02F 3/28

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] A bucket opening / closing mechanism for opening / closing a movable bucket with respect to a fixed bucket is provided at a base formed to be attached to / detached from a boom of a hydraulic shovel, and the bucket opening / closing mechanism is capable of moving the movable bucket substantially horizontally. And a guide member that is rotatably engaged with the bucket. The bucket opening and closing mechanism is configured to engage the movable bucket with the guide member while substantially opening the movable bucket with respect to the fixed bucket. To rotate between the opposing position to oppose at a predetermined interval,
Continuing with the rotation, the movable bucket is moved substantially horizontally between the opposed position and a fully closed position where the fixed bucket is substantially fully closed while being engaged with the guide member. A bucket for a hydraulic shovel, wherein the bucket is configured. 2. The bucket opening and closing mechanism includes a fixed arm having one end fixed to the base, and a pivoting arm pivotally connected to the other end of the fixed arm. A rotating plate on which the moving surface rotates, and a first movable arm having one end pivotally attached to the rotating surface of the rotating plate and the other end pivotally attached to the outer surface of the movable bucket in the opening direction. A second movable arm having one end pivotally attached to the pivot surface of the pivot plate and the other end pivotally attached to an outer surface of the movable bucket on the base side, and a proximal end pivotally attached to the base. A hydraulic cylinder having a distal end portion of a telescopic rod pivotally mounted on the rotating surface of the rotating plate, and the hydraulic cylinder rotating the rotating plate to move the movable bucket to the guide member. While rotating between the fully open position and the opposing position, Hydraulic excavator bucket according to claim 1, wherein the between location and the fully closed position are constituted so as to substantially horizontal movement.