JPH0319162B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0319162B2 JPH0319162B2 JP57208579A JP20857982A JPH0319162B2 JP H0319162 B2 JPH0319162 B2 JP H0319162B2 JP 57208579 A JP57208579 A JP 57208579A JP 20857982 A JP20857982 A JP 20857982A JP H0319162 B2 JPH0319162 B2 JP H0319162B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- fluidized
- fluidized bed
- fuel
- pipe
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
- Industrial Gases (AREA)
- Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は炭化水素系燃料組成変換装置の改良に
関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to improvements in hydrocarbon fuel composition conversion devices.
炭化水素系燃料、例えばメタン（CH4）と水蒸
気（H2O）の混合物を高温（750〜900℃）の触
媒上で、下記式、
CH4＋H2OCat
―――→
熱CO＋3H2
にしたがい水素（H2）と一酸化炭素（CO）に変
換する装置（Fuel Processor）として従来、第
１図に示すようなものが知られている。図中、１
は耐火材壁、２はバーナ、３は触媒で、バーナで
750〜900℃に加熱した触媒層をCH4とH2Oとを通
過させるが、このものには下記の欠点があつた。 A mixture of hydrocarbon fuel, such as methane (CH 4 ) and water vapor (H 2 O), is heated over a catalyst at high temperature (750-900°C) according to the following formula, CH 4 + H 2 OCat ---→ thermal CO + 3H 2 A device (fuel processor) for converting hydrogen (H 2 ) into carbon monoxide (CO), as shown in FIG. 1, is conventionally known. In the figure, 1
is the refractory wall, 2 is the burner, 3 is the catalyst, and the burner
CH 4 and H 2 O were passed through a catalyst layer heated to 750-900°C, but this had the following drawbacks.
(1) 装置の周壁が耐火材で構成されているため起
動に長時間（２〜３日）を要した。(1) It took a long time (2 to 3 days) to start up the device because the surrounding wall of the device was made of fireproof material.
(2) バーナで直接触媒を加熱するため均一な温度
コントロールが難かしかつた。(2) Uniform temperature control was difficult because the catalyst was directly heated with a burner.
(3) 負荷変動すると反応に適性な温度領域を維持
できなくなるので一定負荷で使用するしかなか
つた。(3) If the load fluctuates, it becomes impossible to maintain a temperature range suitable for the reaction, so the only option was to use it at a constant load.
本発明は上記従来の燃料組成変換装置の欠点を
解消することを目的とするもので、流動床式加熱
方式を採用し、流動材（加熱媒体）として非自燃
式流動材を使用すると共に、パイプバーナを流動
床ベツト部に配置した点を骨子とするものであ
る。 The purpose of the present invention is to eliminate the drawbacks of the conventional fuel composition conversion device described above, and employs a fluidized bed heating method, uses a non-self-combusting fluidized material as the fluidized material (heating medium), and uses pipes. The key point is that the burner is placed in the bed of the fluidized bed.
すなわち、本発明は、炭化水素系燃料および水
蒸気を触媒充填管に供給し、管外から加熱して燃
料組成を変換する装置において、流動床中に上記
触媒充填管を垂直に多数配列し、上記流動床の床
板直上に水平に多数のパイプバーナを配列し、該
パイプバーナから噴出する燃焼ガスにより流動化
して上記触媒充填管を加熱するところの流動材を
上記流動床上に収容したことを特徴とする燃料組
成変換装置である。 That is, the present invention provides an apparatus for supplying hydrocarbon fuel and steam to catalyst-filled tubes and converting the fuel composition by heating them from outside the tube, in which a large number of the catalyst-filled tubes are vertically arranged in a fluidized bed, A large number of pipe burners are arranged horizontally directly above the bed plate of the fluidized bed, and a fluidized material that is fluidized by combustion gas ejected from the pipe burners and heats the catalyst-filled tube is housed above the fluidized bed. This is a fuel composition conversion device.
本発明における非自燃式流動材としては砂、ア
ルミナ系のものが用いられ、これらは40〜200μ
の大きさのものが一般的に用いられる。 In the present invention, sand and alumina-based materials are used as the non-self-combusting fluidized material, and these materials have a diameter of 40 to 200 μm.
A size of 1 is generally used.
第２図に本発明の燃料組成変換装置の構成の一
例を示す。１は給水ラインで蒸気ドラム２に給水
するためのものである。ここでは燃料変換に必要
な水蒸気（H2O）量に見合う給水がなされる。
２に給水された水は降水管３を通つて下部管寄せ
４に供給される。そして下部管寄せ４から周壁
７、隔壁８に沿つたパイプを経る間に水は流動材
２６を熱の媒体としてパイプバーナ１０からの熱
で加温され水−蒸気の混合物となり、上部管寄せ
５、上昇管６を経て、又蒸気ドラム２へ戻され
る。蒸気ドラム２で発生した蒸気は、過熱器１３
にて過熱され、過熱器出口管寄せ１４を経て、原
料（例えばCH4）供給管１１からの原料と原料−
蒸気混合器１２にて混合される。混合された気体
は加温器入口管寄せ１５を経て加温器１６へ導入
され、ここで所定の温度迄加温される。さらに本
混合物は加温器出口管寄せ１７、変換器入口管寄
せ１８を経て触媒充填管１９へ導入され、ここで
製品〔水素（H2）＋一酸化炭素（CO）〕に変換さ
れる。触媒としてはバナジウム．ニツケル系等が
用いられ、触媒の形状としては内５〜６mm、外径
16mm、高さ19mmのパイプ状のものが一例として挙
げられる。又、触媒充填管出口管寄せ２０、製品
出口管２７を経て燃料電池、その他の原料となつ
て発電の用に供される。 FIG. 2 shows an example of the configuration of the fuel composition conversion device of the present invention. 1 is a water supply line for supplying water to the steam drum 2. Here, water is supplied to match the amount of water vapor (H 2 O) required for fuel conversion.
2 is supplied to the lower header 4 through the downpipe 3. Then, while passing through the pipes from the lower header 4 to the peripheral wall 7 and partition wall 8, the water is heated by the heat from the pipe burner 10 using the fluidized material 26 as a heat medium, and becomes a water-steam mixture. , and is returned to the steam drum 2 via the riser 6. The steam generated in the steam drum 2 is transferred to the superheater 13
The raw material (e.g. CH 4 ) from the raw material supply pipe 11 is heated through the superheater outlet header 14 and the raw material
They are mixed in a steam mixer 12. The mixed gas is introduced into the warmer 16 via the warmer inlet header 15, where it is heated to a predetermined temperature. Further, this mixture is introduced into the catalyst-filled tube 19 via the heater outlet header 17 and the converter inlet header 18, where it is converted into a product [hydrogen (H 2 ) + carbon monoxide (CO)]. Vanadium is used as a catalyst. Nickel-based materials are used, and the shape of the catalyst is 5 to 6 mm inside and outside diameter.
An example is a pipe-shaped one with a diameter of 16 mm and a height of 19 mm. Further, it passes through the catalyst filling tube outlet header 20 and the product outlet tube 27, and is used as a fuel cell or other raw material for power generation.
一方、発電の用に供された後の使用済ガスは、
一部燃料（CH4）と口混合され、燃料供給管９に
導かれる。そして、燃料用冷空気供給用風道２
１、空気加熱器２２、温空気出口風道２３、温空
気入口風道２４を経た燃焼用空気は、燃料空気予
混合器２８で上記燃焼供給管９からの燃料と混合
され、パイプバーナ１０に供給されて燃焼する。
パイプバーナ１０からの燃焼ガスは、流動材（砂
などの熱媒体）２６を流動化し、触媒充填管１９
を均一に加熱する。さらに、流動層変換器にて吸
熱された後の排ガスの温度は通常800℃以上ある
ため、この排熱は原料−蒸気混合物の加温器１
６、蒸気の過熱器１３、燃焼用空気加熱器２２の
熱源となつて放熱したあと系外へ排気される。２
５は、流動材を収納するための床板である。 On the other hand, used gas after being used for power generation is
A portion of it is mixed with fuel (CH 4 ) and guided to the fuel supply pipe 9. And a wind duct 2 for supplying cold air for fuel.
1. The combustion air that has passed through the air heater 22, the hot air outlet air duct 23, and the hot air inlet air duct 24 is mixed with the fuel from the combustion supply pipe 9 in the fuel air premixer 28, and then sent to the pipe burner 10. Supplied and burned.
The combustion gas from the pipe burner 10 fluidizes the fluidizing material (heating medium such as sand) 26 and passes through the catalyst-filled pipe 19.
Heat evenly. Furthermore, since the temperature of the exhaust gas after heat absorption in the fluidized bed converter is usually over 800°C, this exhaust heat is transferred to the raw material-steam mixture heater 1.
6. It serves as a heat source for the steam superheater 13 and the combustion air heater 22, radiates heat, and then is exhausted to the outside of the system. 2
5 is a floor plate for storing the fluid material.
本発明装置により次のような効果が奏せられ
る。 The device of the present invention provides the following effects.
(1) 燃料組成変換装置として第３図ａに示すよう
に流動材（熱媒体）を使用する流動床式加熱方
式を採用しているため、第３図ｂの直接加熱方
式に比べ均一な加熱ができる。第３図ａ中、２
６が流動材、１９が触媒充填管、２５が床板、
１０がパイプバーナ、第３図ｂ中、Ｂがバー
ナ、Ｃが変換器である。(1) As shown in Figure 3a, the fuel composition conversion device employs a fluidized bed heating method that uses a fluidized material (heating medium), resulting in more uniform heating compared to the direct heating method shown in Figure 3b. Can be done. Figure 3 a, 2
6 is a fluidized material, 19 is a catalyst filling tube, 25 is a floor plate,
10 is a pipe burner, in FIG. 3b, B is a burner, and C is a converter.
(2) 流動材として砂などの非自燃式流動材を使用
している為、加熱用燃料の選択の自由度が大で
ある。自燃式流動材であれば、加熱用燃料とし
て少量しか投入できず、流動材も石炭等の固形
燃料に限られる。又、流動材も自燃式でないか
ら材質、粒径等が任意に選定できる。(2) Since a non-self-combusting fluid material such as sand is used as the fluid material, there is a great degree of freedom in selecting the heating fuel. If it is a self-combusting fluidized material, only a small amount can be input as heating fuel, and the fluidized material is limited to solid fuel such as coal. Furthermore, since the fluidized material is not self-combusting, the material, particle size, etc. can be selected arbitrarily.
(3) 第４図の平面図に示すようにパイプ．バーナ
１０を変換器１９の流動床ベツト部に配置して
いるため、
(i) 流動材を均一に加熱できる。(3) Pipe as shown in the plan view of Figure 4. Since the burner 10 is placed in the bed of the fluidized bed of the converter 19, (i) the fluidized material can be heated uniformly;
(ii) 小容量のバーナを簡便に最小の所要スペー
スで流動層内にまんべんなく配置でき均一な
加熱が可能
(iii) 第５図ａに示すように燃料配管内あるいは
混合器にて、予め燃料Ｆと燃焼用空気Ａを混
合して予混合バーナとすることにより、第５
図ｂに示すように空気Ａ導入のため必要だつ
た分散板（流動床に通常配備される床板）を
兼ねる目皿Ｐを廃止できる。 (ii) Small-capacity burners can be easily and evenly arranged in the fluidized bed with the minimum required space, allowing for uniform heating. (iii) As shown in Figure 5a, the fuel By mixing combustion air A with combustion air A to form a premix burner, the fifth
As shown in Fig. b, the perforated plate P, which is required for introducing air A and also serves as a dispersion plate (a floor plate normally provided in a fluidized bed), can be eliminated.
(iv) バーナを床板から適当な距離にとることに
よつて床板を保護することができる。 (iv) The floorboards can be protected by placing the burner at a suitable distance from the floorboards.
本発明装置は燃料組成変換装置の外、流動床式
熱交換器等に応用することができる。 The device of the present invention can be applied not only to a fuel composition conversion device but also to a fluidized bed heat exchanger and the like.
第１図は従来の燃料組成変換装置の変換部の機
構を示す断面図であり、第２図は本発明装置の一
例を示す断面図であり、第３図ａは本発明装置に
おけるパイプバーナと流動材の関係を、第３図ｂ
は従来の直接加熱方式における加熱の状態を示す
断面図である。第４図は本発明装置におけるパイ
プバーナと流動床との関係を示す平面図である。
第５図ａは本発明において空気と燃料が予備混合
できる状態を示す模式図であり、第５図ｂは通常
の流動床反応器に分散板を兼ねる目皿が必要であ
ることを示す模式図である。
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the mechanism of the conversion section of a conventional fuel composition conversion device, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the device of the present invention, and FIG. The relationship between fluid materials is shown in Figure 3b.
1 is a cross-sectional view showing a heating state in a conventional direct heating method. FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the relationship between the pipe burner and the fluidized bed in the apparatus of the present invention.
Figure 5a is a schematic diagram showing a state in which air and fuel can be premixed in the present invention, and Figure 5b is a schematic diagram showing that a perforated plate that also serves as a dispersion plate is required in a normal fluidized bed reactor. It is.
Claims (1)
供給し、管外から加熱して燃料組成を変換する装
置において、流動床中に上記触媒充填管を垂直に
多数配列し、上記流動床の床板直上に水平に多数
のパイプバーナを配列し、該パイプバーナから噴
出する燃焼ガスにより流動化して上記触媒充填管
を加熱するところの流動材を上記流動床上に収容
したことを特徴とする燃料組成変換装置。1. In an apparatus that supplies hydrocarbon fuel and steam to catalyst-filled tubes and heats them from outside the tube to convert the fuel composition, a large number of the catalyst-filled tubes are arranged vertically in a fluidized bed, and the catalyst-filled tubes are arranged vertically in a fluidized bed, and the catalyst-filled tubes are placed directly above the bed plate of the fluidized bed. A fuel composition conversion device characterized in that a large number of pipe burners are arranged horizontally in the pipe burner, and a fluidized material which is fluidized by the combustion gas ejected from the pipe burner and heats the catalyst-filled tube is housed above the fluidized bed. .
Priority Applications (7)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20857982A JPS59102802A (en) | 1982-11-30 | 1982-11-30 | Device for converting fuel composition |
| MX198347A MX168335B (en) | 1982-08-12 | 1983-08-10 | IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR REFORMING FUEL |
| NLAANVRAGE8302824,A NL189123C (en) | 1982-08-12 | 1983-08-11 | FUEL REFORMER. |
| CH442783A CH655495B (en) | 1982-08-12 | 1983-08-12 | |
| DE19833329435 DE3329435A1 (en) | 1982-08-12 | 1983-08-12 | DEVICE FOR REFORMING FUEL |
| FR8313260A FR2531944A1 (en) | 1982-08-12 | 1983-08-12 | HYDROCARBON FUEL REFORMING APPARATUS IN A HYDROGEN-RICH GAS |
| GB08321739A GB2126118B (en) | 1982-08-12 | 1983-08-12 | Fuel-reforming apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20857982A JPS59102802A (en) | 1982-11-30 | 1982-11-30 | Device for converting fuel composition |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS59102802A JPS59102802A (en) | 1984-06-14 |
| JPH0319162B2 true JPH0319162B2 (en) | 1991-03-14 |
Family
ID=16558516
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20857982A Granted JPS59102802A (en) | 1982-08-12 | 1982-11-30 | Device for converting fuel composition |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS59102802A (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS63314296A (en) * | 1987-06-18 | 1988-12-22 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Reformer |
| JP6207835B2 (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2017-10-04 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | Shift reaction system |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5634009A (en) * | 1979-08-28 | 1981-04-06 | Babcock Hitachi Kk | Fluidized device |
-
1982
- 1982-11-30 JP JP20857982A patent/JPS59102802A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5634009A (en) * | 1979-08-28 | 1981-04-06 | Babcock Hitachi Kk | Fluidized device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS59102802A (en) | 1984-06-14 |
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