JPH03180640A - High air permeable housing - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve air permeability at an underfloor place by forming an air permeable layer formed between an inner wall and a facing material and communicated to the opening air, intercommunicating inner and outer surfaces at the lower end of the inner wall, and causing the flow of air between the lower part of a floor and the air permeable layer. CONSTITUTION:Air permeable layers 8f and 8f communicated to the open air are formed between inner walls 8b and 8b and facing materials 8e and 8e located thereto. A space is formed at the lower ends of the inner walls 8b and 8b between the upper surface of a sill 3 and the lower ends of the inner walls to form recessed parts 32... through which the inside and the outside of the inner walls 8b and 8b are intercommunicated. Furring strips 13 are located between the side, paralleling the sill 3, of a floor joist 4A located by a wall of a floor 5 and the inner surfaces of inner walls 8b and 8b positioned facing the side of the floor joist 4A located by a wall to couple the floor joist 4A located by a wall to the inner walls 8b and 8b. Air is caused to flow between the upper surface of the sill 3 and the under surface of the floor joist 4A located by a wall and between the lower part of a floor 5 and the air permeable layer 8f.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION "Field of Industrial Application" The present invention relates to a highly ventilated house that provides ventilation between the underfloor of a Western-style house or a Japanese-style house and the outside air.

``Conventional technology'' In recent years, due to laws and regulations and westernized designs of wooden houses, the outer walls are finished with mortar, the inner walls are covered with gypsum board and vinyl cloth, and the space between two pillars is covered with a second grade structural material. The construction work was done to enclose it inside the
It is common practice to fill walls, floors, and ceilings with insulation material.
)ing.

These results have resulted in improvements in earthquake resistance, fire resistance, heat insulation, and interior design.

``Problem to be solved by the invention'' However, in conventional houses, the following problems have arisen inside the building's skeleton and indoors due to high airtightness of the building, heating in winter, etc. There is.

In other words, because the foundation, foundation, floor, and wall structures are airtight, if there is a large amount of moisture under the floor, it is difficult to release the warm air to the outside, and if left as is, the outside air will become crystallized. Due to the lowering, the floor absorbs a large amount of moisture under the floor, which causes dirt, mildew, rot, etc. on the floor, which deteriorates the +fi,
There was a problem in that it caused a decrease in longevity and the occurrence of mites.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a highly ventilated house that has a simple structure, is easy to construct, and has excellent underfloor ventilation and durability.

"Means for Solving the Problems" The present invention has the following configuration in order to achieve the above object. In other words, it is a house in which a ventilation layer formed between an inner wall and an exterior material provided on the inner wall is communicated with the outside air. A recess is formed to communicate the inside and outside of the inner wall by forming a space between the upper surface and the side surface of the floor joist parallel to the base of the floor joist. A rim is provided between the side surface of the border joist and the inner surface of the opposing inner wall to connect the border joist to the inner surface of the inner wall, and between the upper surface of the foundation and the lower surface of the border joist, the lower part of the floor and the ventilation layer are provided. A space is provided to allow air to circulate.

"Operation" According to the above configuration, outside air flows into the ventilation layer provided between the inner wall and the exterior material, and this outside air passes through the space formed between the lower end of the inner wall and the upper surface of the foundation, It passes through the space below the trunk rim between the edge joists and flows under the floor.

Due to the above, 1) Walls with ventilation between inside the walls and under the floor and outside air.

To dry a floor, prevent the occurrence of ants, mites, mold, rot, etc. on the floor, improve the durability of the floor, and in turn improve the durability of the house.

2) The floorboards are easy to install because you just need to cut them into a suitable size and fit them into the designated areas, and they are airtight.
Since it has high moisture permeability resistance, it has excellent moisture resistance, and the use of a moisture proof sheet can be omitted.

3) Since the floor board is airtightly provided on the floor, heat emission from the floor is greatly reduced and the surface temperature of the floor is kept high.

"Example" Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described based on FIGS. 1 to 58.

There are two types of houses: Western-style houses and Japanese-style houses. In Western-style houses, one pillar does not protrude from the inner wall, but these are covered by interior and exterior materials, and in Japanese-style houses, the columns protrude from the inner wall surface. It has characteristics.

Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a part of a Western-style house, and this Western-style house 1 consists of a cloth foundation 2, a foundation 3, joists (shown in Figure 2), 4. Floor 5 consisting of floor boards 5b, pillars 6, studs 7, pillars 61 and studs 7. Exterior wall (exterior material) 8e, wall board 8b, interior material 8C
It is generally composed of a wall 8, an opening 9, a roof 10, etc.

In the present invention, between the underfloor and the wall 8, inside the wall 8, and between the wall 8
and the opening 9 (shown in FIGS. 46 and 47), the wall 8
A soffit 144 is provided between the roof 10 and the roof 10 to allow ventilation.

(A) Western-style house First, a structure for providing ventilation between the underfloor and the wall 8 in a Western-style house will be explained.

Foundation 3 and floor 5 in a Western-style house. The assembly structure considering ventilation with the wall 8 is as follows: ■ Foundation and joist are parallel, no joist hook, ■ Foundation and joist are perpendicular, joist hook is present, ■
There are three types: the foundation and the joists are perpendicular, and the joists are not hung.

These will be explained in order.

■The foundation and joists are parallel, without joists (see Figure 2).

Feature a: The housing 62 ffE7 does not protrude from the inner surface of the wall board 8b of the inner wall.

b. Joist hanging 11 is missing.

C1 foundation 3 and joist 4 are parallel.

d, tJE 6 on foundation 3, stud 7. wall board 8b
It's listed.

Reference numeral 2 in FIGS. 2 and 3 is a cloth foundation, and this cloth foundation 2 is provided continuously around the outer periphery of the house, and ventilation windows are opened at predetermined locations. A foundation support 12 is provided on the upper surface of the cloth foundation 2. On this foundation support 12, place lO on the cloth foundation 2.
A base 3 is provided. On the foundation 3, pillars 6 and studs 7 are provided upright at a predetermined interval.

A wall holder 8b is fitted upright between the pillar 6 and the stud 7.

Foundation 3. Column 61 Stud 7. Each inner surface of the wall board 8b is made solid so that the pillars 69 and studs 7 do not protrude from the inner surface (Western-style side) of the wall board 8b.

Floor 5 has joists 4. Consisting of a floor board 5b and a floor board 5a, the floor board 5b is fitted between a plurality of joists 4 provided parallel to the foundation 3 at predetermined intervals, and the floor board 5b between the joists 4 Both ends in the length direction are the 16th
As shown in the figure, it is placed on a joist hanging 11, or as shown in FIG.

Among the plurality of joists 4, the joist 4A closest to the foundation 3 is
It is provided in parallel to the foundation 3 and is fixed fixedly to a trunk rim 13 having a rectangular cross section fixed to the foundation 3 so that the upper surface of the foundation 3 and the lower surface of the border joist 4A are at the same height. Torso rim 13
The length in the vertical direction in Figures 2 and 3 (furbum 13
The length of the long side of the rectangular cross section) is smaller than the length of the edge joist 4A in the vertical direction, so that a space 14 shown in FIG. 3 is formed below the rim 13.

The floor board 5b is a rectangular board made of polystyrene having heat insulating and airtight properties as shown in FIGS. 4 to 8, and has a recessed notch 15 at one end in the length direction.
is formed, and a protrusion 16 is formed at the other end.

Further, the other end of the floor board 5b in the length direction is provided with a floor board 5b.
A rectangular recess 17 is formed at one side in the thickness direction.

Moreover, on one side (front side) in the thickness direction of the floor board 5b,
This floor board 5b extends in the length direction and is spaced at a predetermined interval in the width direction of the floor board 5b by a maximum of 18°18; 1M19.
19 is formed. Groove 1 and tM 19 are located on the same straight line.

Further, on the other side (back side) in the thickness direction of the floor board 5b, a groove 20 is formed which is located at one end side in the width direction of the floor board 5b and extends in the length direction of the floor board 5b.

A rectangular recess 21.22° 23 is formed on the back side of the floor board 5b, located approximately in the middle of the floor board 5b in the width direction.

Incidentally, on the back side of the floor board 5b, a large number of disc-shaped projections 24 are provided so as to surround the recesses 21, 22 and 23.

Moreover, both ends of the floor board 5b in the width direction are 25.2
6, and the front side of the floor board 5b has tapers 27.2 located at both ends of the floor board 5b in the width direction.
8 is formed.

The floor board 5b is fitted into the joist 4° x 1 as shown in No. 1O, but at this time, if the amount of compression of the floor board 5b is small due to an error in the pitch of the joist 4, etc. Hooks 29 or nails (not shown) driven into the joists 4 are interposed between the joists 4 and the floor boards 5b, and these hooks 29 or nails ensure that the floor boards 5b are supported between the joists 4, 4. It is made to be.

Note that the middle part of the floor hoard 5b in the length direction has a notch 15.
The protruding portion 16 of the other floor hoard 5b is placed on and connected to the floor hoard 5b. Furthermore, when fitting the floor board 5b between the joists 4, one end of the floor board 5b on the widthwise groove 20 side is cut as appropriate to match the distance between the joists 4 as shown in FIG. ing.

The wall board 8b is a rectangular board made of polystyrene that has breakability and airtightness as shown in FIGS. 12 to 14, and has a plurality of convex portions 31.
31, recesses 32 are formed between the protrusions 31 and 31, and recesses 33, 33 are formed at the other end.

Moreover, on one side (front side) in the thickness direction of the wall board 8b,
A plurality of V-shaped grooves 34 are located at one end in the width direction of the wall bow F 8 b, and a plurality of grooves 35 are formed at the other end. Also, the other side (back side) in the thickness direction of the wall board 8b
grooves 36, 36 extending in the length direction of this wall board 8b.
is formed.

As shown in FIG. 13, slopes 37 and 38 are formed at the (t!! edges in the width direction of the wall board 8b).

When fitting the wall board 8b between the studs 7 of the columns 61, the wall boards 8b are inserted between the studs 7 of the columns 61 as shown in FIG.
The mesh line display portion 39 shown in the figure of the wall board 8b is cut and fitted in accordance with the distance between the wall boards 8b and 8b.

In this case, in order to avoid pushing the wall board 8b too far in the direction of the arrow P shown in the figure, move the L-shaped holder 40 in advance.
1. The wall board 8 is nailed to a predetermined location on the stud 7.
b is fitted and held in the holder 40 as shown on the right side of the figure.

Note that the lengthwise end portion of the wall board 8b is connected by fitting the convex portion 31 of the pond wall board 8b into the concave portion 33.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 1, a floor board 5 is placed on the floor board 5b
A is pasted on the inside of the wall board 8b, and an interior material 8C is placed at a predetermined distance from the wall board 8b as shown in the figure.
is stretched.

Further, on the outside of the wall board 8b, an exterior material 8e lined with a windproof and heat-permeable sheet 8d is attached at a predetermined distance from the wall board 8b (horizontal siding). Thereby, a ventilation layer 8f is formed between the wall board 8b and the windproof and moisture-permeable sheet 8d. The windproof and moisture permeable unit 1-8d serves to prevent rainwater from entering the wall 8 through the joints of the FXA siding.

Further, a ventilation rim (outside air communication means) 42 shown in FIGS. 1 and 26 to 28 is provided between the outer surface of the base 3 and the windproof and heat ventilation sheet 8d.

This ventilation rim 42 is made of a long cross-sectional shape in which a 17-shaped portion extends integrally from the lower part of the U-shaped portion, and the U-shaped portion has a number of notched holes as shown in FIG. (Outside air communication means) 42a are formed adjacent to each other, and a large number of circular holes (outside air communication means) 42b are formed in a line in the L-shaped portion. Ventilation η) 4 Edge 42 connects the edge of the U-shaped part to the base 3
It is fixed to the base 3 with the edge of the L-shaped first part facing the exterior material 8e toward the QFI.

With the above structure, the air under the floor flows into the space 14. as indicated by the arrow W shown in FIG. It passes between the concave portion 32 and the base 3 and is allowed to flow to the outside of the wall board 8b, and also passes through the notch 42a of the ventilation rim 42, the circular hole 42b, the outside of the base 3, and the cloth foundation 2. It is said that it can be distributed to the outside part.

Next, an assembly structure of the foundation 3 and the plurality of joists 4 provided at predetermined intervals and perpendicular to the foundation 3, and both longitudinal ends of the floor boards 5b fitted between these joists 4, and the foundation 3. I will explain about it. There are two types of this: (1) and (2) mentioned above.

Next, ■ will be explained.

■The foundation 3 and the joist 4 are perpendicular to each other, and there is a joist hook 11. (
(See Figure 16) Feature a: The studs 7 of the housing 61 do not protrude from the inner surface of the wall board 8b of the inner wall.

b, the foundation 3 and the joists 4 are perpendicular to each other.

There are 11 C1 joists.

d, the pillar 61 stud 7J wall board 8b is placed on the foundation 3,
Joist 4 on top of joist hanging 11. A floor board 5b is placed on it.

2 in FIGS. 16 to 19 is a cloth foundation, and a foundation support 12 is provided on the upper surface of this cloth foundation 2. A base 3 is provided on this base support 12 along the cloth foundation 2. A housing 6 and studs 7 are provided upright on the foundation 3 at a predetermined interval. A wall board 8b is fitted upright between the pillar 6 and the stud 7. Foundation 3. Pillar 6
The studs 1 and the inner surface of the wall board 8b are designed so that the studs 7 and 7 do not protrude from the inner surface of the wall board 8b (the side of the Western-style room).

A joist hook 11 provided parallel to the base 3 is fixed to the inner surface of the base 3, with its upper surface serving as the upper surface of the base 3. Inside the joist hook 11, a puller 41 is provided parallel to and spaced apart from the joist hook 11, with its upper surface being at the same height as the upper surface of the joist hook 11.

Foundation 3 shown in Figure 16. Joist hanging 11. Both ends of the dog puller 41 are fixed to a base 3 provided perpendicular to the base 3 shown in FIG.

On the joist hanging 11, the end portions of a large number of joists 4 are placed in parallel at predetermined intervals. As described above, floor boards 5b are fitted between the many joists. Both end faces in the length direction of these floor boards 5b and both end faces of the large number of joists 4 are aligned so as to be located on the same plane as the inner surface of the base 3. Floor board 5 is attached to joist hanging 11
Cut an appropriate location in the length direction of b, for example, the mesh line portion 5d shown in FIG. Alternatively, the recess 23 is located therein.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 1, a floor board 5 is placed on the floor board 5b
A is pasted on the inside of the wall board 8b, and an interior material 8C is placed at a predetermined distance from the wall board 8b as shown in the figure.
is stretched. Further, on the outside of the wall board 8b, a windproof and heat-permeable sheet 8d and an exterior material 8e are placed at a predetermined distance from the wall board 8b ((siding with regret). A ventilation layer 8f is formed between it and 8d.

With the above structure, the air under the floor is
As shown in FIG. It is made to be able to flow, and it is also made to be able to flow from the outside of the foundation 3 to the outside of the cloth foundation 2 through the notch '/N 42 a of the ventilation rim 42 and the circular hole 42b.

Next, the structure of (2) above will be explained.

■The foundation 3 and the joist 4 are perpendicular to each other, and the second
(See figure 0).

Feature a: The pillars 61 and studs 7 do not protrude from the inner surface of the wall board 8b of the inner wall.

b, the foundation 3 and the joists 4 are perpendicular to each other.

C1 joist hook 11 is missing.

d, pillar 61 stud 7 on the foundation 3. Joist 4. floor board 5b
A wall board 8b is placed on top of the joist 4 and floor board 5b.

Reference numeral 2 in FIGS. 20 and 24 is a cloth foundation, and a foundation support 12 is provided on the upper surface of this cloth foundation 2. A base 3 is provided on this base support 12 along the cloth foundation 2. A pillar 6 and a partition 7 are provided upright on the base 3 at a predetermined interval. Further, a large number of joists 4 are fixed on the foundation 3 so as to be perpendicular to the foundation 3 and spaced apart from each other at predetermined intervals in the length direction of the foundation 3.

As described above, floor boards 5b are fitted between the large number of joists 4, 4, respectively.

In this case, the part where the floor board 5b abuts against the pillar 6 or the stud 7 (the part shown in the part shown in Fig. 20)
As shown in FIG. 23 or 25, the notch is cut in a U-shape to match the outer shape of the pillar 6 or the stud 7, and is fitted into the pillar 6 or the stud 7. Further, the portion of the floor board 5b that rests on the base 3 is the mesh line portion shown in FIG. 21 in the length direction of the floor board 5b so that a space is created between the upper surface of the base 3 and the lower surface of the floor board 5b The recess 21, the recess 22, or the recess 23 of the floor board 5b is positioned on the base 3 by pressing and twisting the recess 5e.

A wall board 8b is fitted between the pillars 69 and studs 7 with its lower end placed on the joist 4 or floor board 5b in an upright state as described above.

In this case, joist 4. Wall board 8 in contact with floor board 5b
A convex portion 31 shown in FIG. 22 is cut at the lower end of b to avoid unevenness.

Foundation 3. Column 69 Stud 7. Each inner surface of the wall board 8b is positioned on the same vertical plane, and the inner surface of the wall board 8b (
The pillars 61 and studs 7 do not protrude from the sides of the Western-style room.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 1, a floor board 5 is placed on the floor board 5b
A is pasted on the inside of the wall board 8b, and an interior material 8c is placed at a predetermined distance from the wall board 8b as shown in the figure.
is stretched. Further, on the outside of the wall board 8b, a windproof and moisture permeable sheet (8d) and an exterior material 8e are stretched at a predetermined distance from the wall board 8b (fJ & tension siding).

As a result, a ventilation layer 8] is formed between the wall board 8b and the windproof and moisture permeable sheet 1-8d.

With the above structure, the air under the floor is
Recesses 21 on the top surface of the base 3 and the bottom surface of the floor board 5b as shown in FIG.
Alternatively, it can pass between the recess 22 or the recess 23 to the outside of the wall board 8b, and can also flow from the outside of the base 3 to the outside of the cloth foundation 2 through the notch groove 42a of the ventilation rim 42 and the circular hole 42b. It is said that it is possible to distribute to

(B) Japanese-style house Next, a structure for ventilation between the floor and the walls in a Japanese-style house will be explained.

FIG. 29 is a cross-sectional view of a part of a Japanese-style house 50. This Japanese-style house 50 consists of a cloth foundation 2, a foundation 3, a joist, 4 floor boards 5b, a floor 5, a housing 6, a stud 7, a housing 6° stud 7. It is generally composed of an outer wall (exterior material) 8g, a wall 8 made of wall boards 8b and interior material 8c, an opening 9, a roof 132, and the like.

The Japanese-style house 50 has a space between the bottom of the floor and the wall 8, inside the wall 8, between the wall 8 and the opening 9, between the wall 8 and the roof 132, and at the attic 14.
4 is said to be ventilable.

The assembly structure in consideration of ventilation between the foundation 3 and the floor 5 and wall 8 in a Japanese-style house includes the following clouds: ■ Foundation and joists are parallel, no joist hooks; There is a hook, #■ The foundation and the joist are perpendicular, and there is no joist hook.
There are three types. These will be explained in order.

#■ Foundation 3 and joist 4 are parallel, without joist hook 11
(See Figure 5).

Feature a: The housing 61 stud 7 protrudes from the inner surface of the telephone wall board 8b.

b. Joist hanging 11 is missing.

C2 foundation 3 and joist 71 are in V row.

d. Living on foundation 36. The wall board 8b is mounted on the base 3 via the spacer 51.

2 in FIGS. 30 and 32 is a cloth foundation, and a foundation support 12 is provided on the upper surface of this cloth foundation 2. A base 3 is provided on this base support 12 along the cloth foundation 2. On the foundation 3, pillars 6 and studs 7 are provided upright at a predetermined interval. A spacer 51 is fixedly provided between the pillar 6 and the stud 7.

The same floor boards (see FIGS. 4 to 9) 5b and wall boards (see FIGS. 12 to 15) 8b as in the Western-style homes are used in Japanese-style homes as well.

The spacer 51 is obtained by cutting the wall board 8b along the cut lines A1, C, 2, etc. shown in FIG. 31, and its width is the same as the upper surface width of the base 3. It is said that This spacer 51 is fixed to the base 3 by being fitted between the columns 61 and the studs 7 with the recess 36 located on the base 3 side.

The lower end of the wall board 8b is placed on the spacer 51, and the wall board 8b is fitted between the pillars 69 and the studs 7 in an upright state. In this case, a protrusion 31 is cut at the lower end of the wall board 8b that contacts the spacer 51 to avoid unevenness.

Foundation 3. Column 62 Stud 7. Each outer surface of the wall board 8b is positioned on the same vertical plane, and the inner surface of the wall board 8b (
Pillars 62 and studs 7 protrude from the side of the Japanese-style room.

It should be noted that the parts other than those mentioned above are the same as those in (2) of the Western-style house, so the same parts are given the same reference numerals and the explanation thereof will be omitted.

Furthermore, a floor board 5a is placed on the floor board 5b as shown in FIG. 29, a tatami mat 5c is spread on the floor board 5a, and a tatami mat 5c is placed on the inside of the wall board 8b as shown in FIG. Interior materials 8c are stretched between the wall ports 8b and at predetermined intervals. In addition, on the outside of the wall board 8b, a windproof and moisture permeable sheet 1-8d and an exterior material 8g are placed at a predetermined distance from the wall board 8b.
(horizontal residing). As a result, a ventilation layer 8'' is formed between the wall board 8b and the windproof transparent i'H'/-t8d.

With the above structure, the air under the floor is λ
Space 14. It passes between the concave portion 36 of the spacer 51 and the upper surface of the base 3, and is allowed to flow to the outside of the wall board 8b.
, it is possible to flow from the outside of the foundation 3 to the outside of the cloth foundation 2 through the circular hole 42b.

Next, the IUU joists 4 which are orthogonal to the foundation 3 and provided at a predetermined interval, and these (both longitudinal ends of the floor boards 5b fitted between the joists 4, the foundation 3 and the wall) The assembly structure with the board 8b will be explained.There are two types, the above-mentioned #■ and C■.

Next, #■ will be explained based on FIGS. 33 to 35.

Calculation ■The foundation 3 and the joist 4 are perpendicular to each other, and there is a joist hook 11 (see Figure 36 a).

Features a　From the inner surface of the wall board 8b on the inner wall to the 61st floor ffE.

7 stands out.

b, the foundation 3 and the joist 4 are perpendicular to each other.

ct Routa-kake (there is 11).

d The housing 64 studs 7 are placed on the foundation 3, the wall board 8b is placed upright on the foundation 3 via the spacer 51, and the foundation 3
The joists 4. A floor holder 5b is placed on it.

On the base 3, ff:6 and studs 7 are provided upright at a predetermined interval. A spacer 51 is placed between the pillar 6 and the stud 7 and fixed to the base 3. The spacer 51 is similar to the spacer 51 used in #■ above.

The lower end of the wall board 8b is placed on the spacer 51,
A wall holder 8b is fitted in an upright position between the pillars 69 and the studs 7. In this case, the wall board 8 in contact with the spacer 51
A protrusion 31 is cut at the lower end of b to prevent unevenness. Foundation 3. The studs of the pillars 62 and the outer surfaces of the wall board 8b are positioned on the same vertical plane, and the studs 7 of the pillars 69 protrude from the inner surface of the wall board 8b (Japanese-style room! til 1 surface).

It should be noted that the parts other than those mentioned above are the same as those in (2) of the Western-style house, so the same parts are given the same reference numerals and the explanation thereof will be omitted.

Note that the floor board 5b has a floor board 5a as shown in FIG.
A tatami mat 5C is embossed on the floorboard 5a, and an interior material 8C is stretched on the inside of the wall board 8b at a predetermined distance from the wall board 8b, as shown in the figure. Moreover, a windproof and moisture permeable sheet 8d and an exterior material 8g are stretched on the outside of the wall board 8b at a predetermined distance from the wall board 8b (vertical siding). As a result, a ventilation layer 8f is formed between the wall board 8b and the windproof and moisture permeable sheet 8d.

With the above structure, the air on the floor F is
As shown in the figure, the air flows to the outside of the wall board 8b by passing between the upper surface of the hanging hook 11 and the recess 21, 22, or 23 on the lower surface of the floor board 5b, and between the base 3 and the recess 36 of the spacer 51. It is also possible to flow from the outside of the foundation 3 to the outside of the cloth foundation 2 through the notch grooves 42a2 and circular holes 42b of the ventilation rim 42.

Next, the structure of #■ will be explained.

■The foundation 3 and the joist 4 are perpendicular, and there is no joist hook (see Figure 36).

Feature a: Pillars 69 and studs 7 protrude from the inner surface of the wall board 8b of the inner wall.

b. Foundation 3 and joist 4 are orthogonal.

C1 joist hook 11 is missing.

d, pillar 61 stud 7 on the foundation 3. Joist 4. floor hoard 5b
, a wall board 8b is placed on the outside of the end of the joist 4 and floor port 5b.

Pillars 6 and studs 7 are placed upright on the foundation 3 at a predetermined interval. Further, a large number of joists 4 are placed and fixed at predetermined intervals in the length direction of the foundation 3 in a state perpendicular to the foundation 3. As mentioned above, between the many joists 4 and 11, there is a floor board 1, respectively.
” 5 b? (1x included.

A wall board 8b is fitted between the pillars 61 and the studs 7. Joist 4. The floor board 5b is placed on approximately half of the base 3 in the width direction, and a wall board 8b is provided on the base 3 so as to be butted against the ends of these four-joist floor boards 5b.

Foundation 3. Column 69 Stud 7. Each outer surface of the wall board 8b is positioned on the same vertical plane, and the inner surface of the wall board 8b (
The studs between the columns 69 are designed to protrude from the side surface of the fO chamber.

It should be noted that the parts other than those mentioned above are the same as those in (2) of the Western-style house, so the same parts will be given the same reference numerals and the explanation thereof will be omitted.

As shown in FIG. 29, a floor board 5a is placed on the floor board 5b, a tatami mat 5C is placed on the floor board 5a, and a wall is placed inside the wall board 8b as shown in FIG. board 8
The interior (A8C) is placed at a predetermined distance from the wall board 8b. Also, on the outside of the wall board 8b, a windproof and moisture permeable sheet 8d and an exterior material 8g are placed at a predetermined distance from the wall board 8b.
(horizontal sighting). As a result, there is a ventilation layer 8f between the wall board 8b and the windproof and breathable 8d.
is formed.

With the above structure, the air under the floor flows in the direction of arrow Z shown in Figure 37.
The four parts 21 of the upper surface of the base 3 and the lower surface of the floor port 5b as shown in FIG.
Alternatively, it can pass between the recess 22 or 23, between the upper surface of the base 3 and the recess 32 at the lower end of the wall board 8b, and can flow to the outside of the wall board 8b. , can flow from the outside of the foundation 3 to the outside of the cloth foundation 2 through the circular hole 42b.
The ceiling of the first floor in a two-story house will be explained.

In Western-style houses, as shown in Figures 1 and 42,
A support frame 61 is attached to the pillar 6 so as to be positioned above the interior material 8C, and a ceiling plate 62 is attached to the lower surface of the support frame 61.

In a Japanese-style house, as shown in FIGS. 29 and 45, a support member 64 is attached to the pillar 6 while being positioned above the interior material 8C, and a support frame 65 is fixed on top of this support member 64.
A ceiling plate 66 is attached to the lower surface of this support frame 65.

Next, description will be given of drawing in consideration of ventilation of the wall 8 portion located near the bottom of the floor 70 on the second floor of a two-story Western-style house.

In Western-style houses, as shown in Figures 1 and 42,
A torso difference 71 is attached to the pillar 6, a support frame 72 is attached to the torso difference 71, and a floor plate 73 is attached to the support frame 72.

A ventilation rim 74 is attached to the side surface of the exterior material 8e of the trunk 71. The ventilation rim 74 has a large number of cutout grooves 75 adjacent to each other on the opposing wall of the U-shaped member, as shown in FIGS. 39 to 41.

The ventilation furring 74 is attached to the torso difference 71 with the end of the opposing wall facing toward the torso difference 71, and an exterior material 8e is provided on the outside of the ventilation furrow 74 via a windproof and moisture-permeable sheet 8d. ing.

Therefore, the ventilation in the wall board 8b, the windproof and moisture permeable/-hB ventilation layer 8f flows through the cutout bay 75 of the ventilation rim 74.

In addition, if it is necessary to bury the piping 76 in the wall 8, as shown in FIG. 40.40, so that the ends without edges are approximately aligned with the outer surface of the studs 7 of the pillars 61, and push the wall holders 8b from the Western-style room side toward the exterior material 8e side, and then attach the wall boards. The outer surface of 8b is flush with the outer surface of the pillar 6 and the stud 7 (the outer surface of the pillar 6 stud 7), and! ;,
! A pipe 76 is arranged inside the hoard 8b.

Next, a description will be given of purchasing in consideration of ventilation of the wall 8 portion located near the bottom of the second floor floor 80 in a two-story Japanese-style house.

In a Japanese-style house, as shown in Figs. 29 and 45, a girder 81 is attached to the pillar 6, a beam 82 is attached to the house 6, and a floorboard 83 is stretched over the beam 82. Tatami 84 is laid on the floorboard 83.

On the side surface of the exterior material 8g of the trunk difference 81, there are two ventilation sleeves 74.
74 are attached adjacent to each other. Ventilation rim 74.7
4, the end of the opposing wall is directed toward the trunk difference 81.
1, and an exterior material 8g is provided on the outside of the ventilation rim 74 via a windproof and moisture permeable material 8d.

Therefore, the air in the ventilation layer 8f between the wall board 8b and the windproof and moisture-permeable sheet 8d is made to flow through the notch 75 of the ventilation rim 74.

Next, the opening (for example, window) portion 9 will be explained.

Since the opening 9 is almost the same in both the Kawakaze-style house and the Kawakaze-style house, a common explanation will be given.

In Fig. 46, 6 and 6 are pillars, and 7 and 7 are studs that are cut out in the vertical middle of wall 8.
; Ventilation furrings 74.74, which are the same as the ventilation furrows 74 attached to the upper part of the girth difference 81, are provided vertically in the middle of the studs 7, 7, spaced apart vertically in parallel; 7
An opening frame 92 is fixed between IIXB and IIXB.

In the case where a sliding door is provided in the opening frame 92, as shown in FIG. A picture frame 94, a picture frame 95 assembled on the outside of the upper frame 93, and a sill 99 provided below the upper frame 93 are fitted and fixed in the opening frame 92, and the upper frame 93° sill 9 Then, the sliding door 96 is fitted.

Reference numerals 97 and 98 are spacers, into which the interior material 8ch is fitted into the frame 94, and the exterior material 8g is fitted into the frame 95.

With the above configuration of the opening 9, ventilation within the ventilation layer 8f of the wall 8 passes through the notch grooves 75 of the ventilation rims 74, 74 of the opening 9, detours around the opening 9, and passes through the ventilation layer 8f of the wall 8. It is designed so that it can flow up and down between 7 rooms.

Next, in Western-style houses, ventilation under the eaves between the rafters of the roof 1
The tip ventilation structure will be explained.

FIG. 48 is a sectional view of the roof of a Western-style house 1, in which a girder 101 is placed at the top of the pillar 6.

A roof 10 is provided above the girder 101.

The eave 103 of the roof IO has a gap of 1' NA on the outside of the girder 101.
A mist 104 is provided at the end. Each mist 104
An eaves ceiling material 106 is stretched under each of the hazes 104 with a space 105 between them.

A ventilation rim 74 identical to the ventilation rim 74 attached to the slit 71 is attached to the lower part of the outer surface of the girder 101. The upper end of the exterior material 8e of the wall 8 is fixed to the outer surface of this ventilation rim 74.
The lower surface of one end of the eaves ceiling material 106 is fixed to the upper end.

A large number of rafters 107 are provided above the mist 104 and perpendicular to the mist 104, and roof boards 108 are fitted between the large number of rafters 107.

The roof board 108 is a substantially rectangular board made of polystyrene having heat insulating and airtight properties as shown in FIGS. 109.1*0 are formed, rectangular recesses 111 are formed on the upper surface, and 1112°112 are formed near both ends in the width direction.

A field board 113 is placed on top of the rafters 107, and a field board 11
A large number of roof tiles 114 are attached at intervals on top of 3, and are hooked onto these roof tiles 114 to form a roof board]1
A tile 115 is placed on top of the tiles 3.

Note that a nose cover <+116 is attached to the haze 104 at the eaves, and a large number of punched holes are punched between the lower end of this nose cover 116 and the tip of the eaves ceiling material 106. An eave ventilation board (outside air communication means) 117 is attached.

Therefore, the air in the ventilation layer 8f formed in the wall 8 passes through the notch groove 75 of the ventilation rim 74, the space 105 between the haze 104 and the eaves ceiling material 106, and the punched holes in the eave ventilation board 117, and connects to the outside air. It is communicated.

Note that in order to securely hold the roof board 108 between the rafters 107 and 107, the rafters 107. Between the sheathing board 113 and the roof board 108, a prefectural board receiver +18 shown in FIGS. 54 to 56 is provided. Roof board receiver 118
is formed into a substantially Z-shape, with a corner 118a provided at one end biting into the rafter 107 as shown in FIG. By cutting into the rafters 107, 107
The roof boards 108 are securely held therebetween.

On the other hand, a beam 120 is provided below the girder 101, and a ceiling fFj i 21 is placed on the lower surface of the beam 120. A ceiling board 122 made of polystyrene and having heat insulating and airtight properties is provided on the ceiling board 121. The top surface of the ceiling hoard 122 is at the same height as the top surface of the wall board 8b fitted between the studs 7 of the housing 61, and a space 123 is formed between the top surface of the wall board 8b and the Ni 101. has been done.

At the top of the roof + f410 there is a ridgepole 1 as shown in Figure 58.
24 is provided, and a rafter +07 is attached on top of this ridgepole 124.

Rafters 107, 107 and roof board 1 at the top of the roof
08 and 108 are cut as appropriate and butted and fixed so that no gaps are left.

Next, the ventilation structure between the roof rafters in a Japanese-style house will be explained.

FIG. 49 is a sectional view of the roof of the Japanese-style house 50, and the pillar 6
A girder 131 is installed at the top of the frame.

A roof 132 is provided above the girder 131.

On the outer surface of the girder 131, there is a ventilation rim 74 that is the same as the ventilation rim 74 attached to the spar 71.
is installed. A support member 133 is attached to the outer surface of this ventilation rim 74 and is constructed thereon. A connecting plate 134 made of a long material is fixed upright on top of the support member 133.

At the top of the roof 132 there is a ridgepole 12 as shown in FIG.
4 is provided, and a large number of rafters 135 are mounted on this ridgepole 124.
is installed. The rafters 135 extend in the direction of the eaves 136 and abut against the connecting plate 134. Between the many rafters 135, there is a heat insulation structure shown in FIGS. 50 to 53.

One substantially rectangular roof board 10B made of airtight polystyrene is embedded. Rafters 135, 135 at the top of the roof. The roof boards 10810B are cut as appropriate and butted and fixed so that there are no gaps. There is a space 13 between the girder 131 and the roof board 10B.
7 is open.

A field board 138 is placed above the rafters 135, and this field board 138 extends to the eaves 136. A large number of roof tiles 39 are installed at intervals on the roof board 138, and tiles 14O are placed on the second part of the roof board 138 by being hooked to these roof tiles 139.

On the other hand, a beam 141 is provided below the girder 131, and a ceiling plate 142 is placed on the lower surface of the beam 141. A ceiling hoard 143 made of polystyrene having heat insulating and airtight properties is provided above the ceiling plate 142. Girder 131 of ceiling board 143 (ri11 end is attached to this girder 13
1 and the beam 141.

On the other hand, the upper end of the wall board 8b is abutted against the lower surface of the girder 131, and the interior material 8 is placed inside the wall board 8b.
C is provided, and the upper end of this interior material 8C is located slightly below the girder 131.

Further, the exterior material 8g is provided on the outside of the wall board 8b, and the two ends of the exterior material 8g are abutted against the support member 133, and the inside (till) of the exterior material 8g is provided with a windproof transparent lυ/- 8d is provided.

As described above, the air in the ventilation layer 8f formed on the wall 8 is transmitted through the notch groove 75 of the ventilation rim 74, the girder 131 and the base port 10.
8 and the small wall ql passing through the space 137 between the rafters 135
+41 is connected to iAt.

Note that in order to securely hold the roof board 108 between the rafters 135. Similar to Western-style houses, a roof board receiver 118 shown in FIGS. 54 to 57 is provided between the roof board 138 and the roof board 108.

A highly ventilated house constructed as described above has the following effects and benefits in common with Western-style houses and Japanese-style houses.
I will explain them all together.

Outside air flows into the ventilation layer 8'' from the ventilation section (notch Ft) 42a of the ventilation rim/12 provided between the inner wall and the exterior material,
This outside air flows into the underfloor space from the space provided between the foundation 3 and the wall 8 or the floor 5, while the outside air that has flowed into the ventilation layer 8f rises within this ventilation layer Bf and rises into the wall holder 8b. , ventilation rim 74 between the exterior material 8e or the exterior material 8g
At the opening 9, it passes through the ventilation part (notch groove) 75 of the ventilation rim 74, and at the opening 9, it passes through the ventilation part 75 of the ventilation rim 74 at the lower part of the opening, and passes through the ventilation layer 8r on the 11th floor. '' passes through the ventilation part 75 of the ventilation rim 74 of the second vent, passes through the ventilation part 75 of the ventilation rim 74 above the ventilation layer 8f, and passes through the ventilation space 105 or ventilation space 13 provided in the attic 144.
7 and communicated with the ventilation layer 8f (for Western-style houses, there are punch holes in the eaves ventilation board 117 and notch grooves 42a in the ventilation rim 42, ventilation windows in the cloth foundation 2, and in Japanese-style houses) The outside air flows out through the notch groove 42a of the ventilation rim 42 and the ventilation window of the cloth foundation 2).

In addition, in a Western-style house, the ventilation space 1 in the attic 144
The outside air that has flowed into the eaves ventilation plate 117 also flows out to the outside air through the punched holes in the eaves ventilation board 117. In addition, outside air may flow into the ventilation layer 8f through the punched hole in the eaves ventilation board 117 and through the cutout groove 75 in the ventilation rim 74 above the ventilation layer 8f.

As described above, l) Since the under floor, the inside of the wall 8, and the attic 144 are ventilated, there is little difference in temperature between the top and bottom, and the drop in surface temperature of the wall 8 is extremely small.

A wall board 8b made of polystyrene with excellent airtightness and heat insulation is installed around the outer periphery of the living room (Western-style room, Japanese-style room).

Since the roof board 108 is provided, heat is prevented from being released from the room to the outside, and the temperature difference between the top and bottom of the room is small. Wall 8. There is no condensation on the surface of the roof 132, which prevents discomfort indoors.

2) Since the area under the floor, inside the wall 8, and the attic 144 is ventilated, the outside air introduced into the ventilation layer 8f under the floor and inside the wall 8 is
Since the water vapor inside the wall 8 is discharged to the outside through the attic 144, the water vapor does not stay inside the wall 8 and the floor 5. Wall 8.
The roofs 10 and 132 are always dry, preventing the occurrence of condensation inside the walls 8, and drying of the members prevents the occurrence of termite damage, mold, and rot, improving durability and preventing the rise in temperature inside the walls 8. This prevents the temperature inside the wall 8 from approaching the outside air temperature, prevents the temperature inside the wall 8 from rising, and keeps the inside of the living room at a low temperature.

3) Since outside air is introduced into the wall 8, there is no pressure difference between the inside and outside of the wall 8, and the back surface of the exterior material is cooled and no dew condensation occurs.

4) The floor board 5b, wall board 8b, and roof board 108 are easy to install because they only need to be cut to size and fitted between 4 joists, 7 pillars 61, 107, 107 rafters, or rafters 135 and 135. It has good airtightness with few gaps, and has high resistance to moisture permeation, so it has good moisture resistance and does not require a moisture-proof sheet.

5) The insulation properties of the roof bow I-' l O8 provided on the roof 41110 or the roof 132 prevent heat from entering the roof top surface due to solar radiation in the summer, and the ventilation of the attic 144 reduces the temperature of the attic 144. Keep it low.

6) Roof board 10 between roof board 108 and roofing board
Since there is a recessed part 111 space provided at 8, roof insulation can be achieved with this as well.
3 or to promote the moisture absorption and moisture release properties of the flooring board 138.

7) Since the floor board 5b is airtightly provided on the floor 5, the release of heat from the floor 5 is significantly reduced, and the surface temperature of the floor 5 can be kept high.

Therefore, in the summer, there is less heat intrusion from the outside, making it more airy, and in the winter, the radiation of heat from the inside to the outside can be significantly reduced, making it warmer, and this greatly reduces heating and cooling costs. It is economical and can be used.

"Effects of the Invention" According to the present invention, there is provided a house in which a ventilation layer formed between an inner wall and an exterior material provided on the inner wall is communicated with the outside air, and the housing is provided substantially upright on a foundation. A recess is formed at the lower end of the inner wall that forms a space between the upper surface of the base and communicates the inside and outside of the inner wall, and a floor panel is fitted between a plurality of joists. A rim is provided between a side surface parallel to the foundation and the inner surface of the inner wall facing the side surface of the joist to connect the edge joist to the inner surface of the inner wall, and between the upper surface of the foundation and the lower surface of the edge joist, 1. Since a space was provided to allow air to circulate between the lower part of the air vents 1 to 3, An inner wall that communicates with the outside air,
The underfloor is communicated with the ventilation layer between the exterior materials through the four parts at the lower end of the inner wall and the space below the rim, which allows for 1) ventilation between the inside of the wall and under the floor and the outside air; It dries and prevents the occurrence of ants, mites, insects, etc. on the floor, improves the durability of the floor, and ultimately improves the durability of the house. I can take a quick trip.

2) The floorboards are easy to install because you just need to cut them to the appropriate size and fit them into the designated areas, and they are airtight.
Since it has high moisture permeability resistance, it has excellent moisture resistance, and the use of a moisture proof sheet can be omitted.

3) Since the floor board is airtightly provided on the floor, the release of islands from the floor is greatly reduced, the surface temperature of the floor can be kept high, and the structure is simple and construction is easy.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 to 58 show embodiments of the present invention,
Figure 1 is a partially omitted vertical sectional view, Figure 2 is a perspective view of a part where the foundation and joists are parallel, Figure 3 is a sectional view of the main part, Figure 4
The figure is a plan view of the floor board, Figure 5 is a front view of the floor board, Figure 6 is a side view of the floor board, Figure 7 is a bottom view of the floor board,
Figure 8 is a sectional view taken along the line ■-■ in Figure 7, and Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view of the
Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view showing the state of installing the floor board, Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view showing the state of installing the floor board using hooks, and Figure 12 is the wall board. Fig. 13 is a front view of the wall board, Fig. 14 is a side view of the wall board, Fig. 15 is a diagram showing how the wall board is installed using the holder, and Fig. 16 is the base. Fig. 17 is a schematic side view of the floor board, Fig. 18 is a sectional view of the main part, Fig. 19 is a plan view of the main part, and Fig. 20 is the foundation. FIG. 21 is a schematic side view of the floor board, FIG. 22 is a side view of a portion of the wall board, and FIG. 23(a) is the illustration of FIG. 20. A partially cutaway plan view of the inside, FIG. 23(b) is a plan view of the main part, FIG. 24 is a sectional view of the main part,
Figure 5 is a sectional view of the main parts, Figure 26 is a partially omitted plan view of the ventilation rim, Figure 27 is a partially omitted side view of the ventilation rim, Figure 28 is a front view of the ventilation rim, and Figure 29 is a partially omitted side view of the ventilation rim. The figure is a partially omitted vertical sectional view, Figure 30 is a perspective view showing the state where the foundation and joists are parallel, Figure 3 is
Figure 1 is a schematic plan view of the wall board, Figure 32 is a vertical sectional view of the main part, Figure 33 is a perspective view showing the state where the foundation and joist are perpendicular to each other, Figure 34 is a vertical sectional view of the main part, and Figure 34 is a vertical sectional view of the main part. Fig. 35 is a plan view of the main part, Fig. 36 is a perspective view showing the state where the foundation and the joists are perpendicular to each other, Fig. 37 is a vertical sectional view of the main part, Fig. 38 is a sectional view of the main part, and Fig. 39 is a plan view of the ventilation rim, FIG. 40 is a side view of the ventilation rim, FIG. 41 is a front view of the ventilation rim, FIG. 42 is a sectional view of the main part, and FIG. 43 is a sectional view of the main part. Fig. 44 is a sectional view of the main part, Fig. 45 is a sectional view of the main part, Fig. 46 is a front view of the opening, Fig. 47 is a sectional view of the main part, Fig. 48 is a sectional view of the roof, Fig. 49 is a sectional view of the roof, Fig. 50 is a plan view of the roof board, Fig. 51 is a front view of the roof board, and Fig. 5
Figure 2 is a sectional view of the main parts of the roof hoard, Figure 53 is a 111-plane view of the roof board, Figure 54 is a plan view of the roof board receiver,
FIG. 55 is a side view of the roof board receiver, FIG. 56 is a front view of the roof board receiver, FIG. 57 is a sectional view showing the roof board receiver in use, and FIG. 58 is a front view showing the top of the roof. l...Western-style house, 2...cloth foundation, 3...
...Foundation, 4...Joist, 4A...Bound joist, 5...Floor, 5a...Floor board, 5b...
・Floor board, 6...Note, 7...Stud, 8
...Wall, 8b...Wall board, 8c...
...Interior material, 8d...Windproof and breathable sheet, 8e
... Exterior material, 8f ... Ventilation layer, 8g.
... Exterior material, 9 ... Opening, 10 ...
... Roof, 11... Joist hanging, 12...
・・Base support, 13・・Body rim, 14・・・・
・Space, 21.22゜23... Concavity, 31...
...Convex part, 32.33...Concave part, 41...
... Large pull, 42 ... Ventilation rim, 42a.
...Notch groove, 42b...Circular hole, 50...
...Japanese-style housing, 51...Spacer, 62.66
...Ceiling board, 70...Floor, 71...
... Torso difference, 74... Ventilation torso edge, 75...
... Notch groove, 80 ... Floor, 81 ... Trunk difference, 92 ... Opening frame, 93 ... Upper frame,
97.98...Brim (spacer), 99...
・・・Threshold, lOl...digit, 1o2...
Roof, 104...Mist, 105...Space, 106...Eave roof material, 107...Rafter, 108...Roof board , 111...
・Concavity, 113...No. 1jjl Saka, 117...
...Eave ventilation board (gas communication means), 121...
... Ceiling board, 122 ... Ceiling board, 123 ... River ... Space, 124 ... Purlin, 131 ...
Girder, 132...Roof, 135...Rafter, 137
・・・・・・Space, 138・・・Sheet board, 1 2・・・Ceiling board, ・・・Ceiling board, ・・・Attic.

Claims (1)

[Claims] This is a house in which a ventilation layer formed between an inner wall and an exterior material provided on the inner wall is communicated with the outside air, and the lower end of the inner wall, which is provided approximately upright on the foundation, is connected to the upper surface of the foundation. A side surface of the floor joist parallel to the base of the floor joist and a side surface of the floor joist that is parallel to the base of the floor joist and a floor board that is fitted between a plurality of joists, forming a recess that communicates the inside and outside of the inner wall by forming a space therebetween. A rim is provided between the inner surface of the inner wall facing the inner wall, and a border joist is connected to the inner surface of the inner wall, and between the upper surface of the foundation and the lower surface of the border joist, air between the lower part of the floor and the ventilation layer is removed. A highly ventilated house characterized by having a space for circulation.