JPH03152878A - Sealed clad type lead-acid battery - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To increase the discharge performance and service life of a battery by joining the recessed parts of positive plates and the protruded parts of negative plates through sheetlike separaters. CONSTITUTION:The projected parts of clad type negative plates 1 and the recessed parts of clad type positive plates 2 are jointed through separaters 3. Battery electrolyte is absorbed only by the plates and separaters until there is almost no longer fluid liquid. The contact areas become larger between the sheetlike separaters 3 and the positive/negative plates to quiken an electrolyte shift to increase a discharge performance.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Industrial Field of Application The present invention is directed to improvements in sealed lead-acid batteries of a type in which oxygen gas generated by overcharging is absorbed into a negative electrode plate, and in particular, in a cage-type sealed lead-acid battery using a clad positive electrode plate. It is related to.

Conventional technology and its challenges The clad type positive electrode plate, which has a structure in which the positive electrode active material is filled in an oxidation-resistant glass fiber tube, has a higher performance compared to the 1FFJ paste type positive electrode plate, which has a structure in which the active material is filled in a shoji bar-like lattice. Due to its solid structure, it has an excellent charge/discharge cycle life. Therefore, in addition to cycle service applications, they are widely used in applications that require a long life, such as stationary applications. In recent years, in response to the trend toward labor saving, maintenance-free button storage batteries, such as sealed lead storage batteries, have come to be used for these purposes as well.

When constructing a sealed battery using a clad positive electrode plate, dilute sulfuric acid (hereinafter referred to as gel electrolyte) that has been gelled and loses fluidity by adding several percent to several ten percent of S;02 is generally used. do. When this gel electrolyte is subjected to vibration or agitation, the gel breaks down and returns to a fluid electrolyte (
There is a drawback that this occurs. In addition, the gel electrolyte has the disadvantage that the 804'-ion moves slowly, so the discharge performance is considerably worse than that of an open type battery.

For this reason, in batteries using paste-type positive electrode plates, instead of gelling the electrolyte, a porous body made of fine glass fibers (hereinafter referred to as a retainer) is used to retain and absorb the electrolyte (retainer type). ) is used. However, when this method is applied to a battery using a clad positive electrode plate, because the retainer is flat, sufficient contact with the cylindrical tube surface of the clad positive electrode plate cannot be obtained, and the electrolyte does not reach the active material. There was a drawback that the supply was obstructed and charging/discharging performance deteriorated.

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention uses clad type plates for both the positive and negative plates, and arranges the concave portions of the positive plate and the convex portions of the negative plate to face each other, thereby reducing the sheet-like shape interposed between the two plates. This increases the contact area between the separator and the positive electrode plate.

Function: By increasing the contact area between the sheet-like separator and the positive and negative electrode plates, the movement of the electrolyte occurs quickly and discharge performance is improved.

Example Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained based on examples.

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of essential parts of an embodiment of a sealed clad lead-acid battery according to the present invention. Clad type positive electrode plate 3 with a tube diameter of 10IIIφ using Pb-Ca alloy as the core metal
As shown in FIG. 1, the convex portion of the negative electrode plate 1 and the concave portion of the positive electrode plate 2 are placed in contact with each other via a sheet-like separator 3 mainly composed of fine glass fibers. placed so that they touch each other. Battery A of the present invention was manufactured by injecting electrolytic solution into the battery to such an extent that the electrolytic solution was absorbed only by the electrode plates and separators and almost no flowing liquid was present. For comparison,
Three clad positive electrode plates with a tube diameter of 1011φ made of pb-Ca alloy as a core, four paste member electrode plates, and a sheet-like material mainly composed of fine glass fibers interposed between the positive and negative electrode plates. Battery B was manufactured by using a separator to form an element (Fig. 2), and injecting electrolyte to such an extent that the electrolyte was absorbed only by the electrode plates and the separator, and almost no flowing liquid was present.

In order to compare the characteristics of the thus obtained battery A of the present invention and the conventional sealed battery B consisting of a clad positive electrode plate and a paste negative electrode plate, the 5HR discharge capacity was first determined after charging these batteries. and the discharge voltage during IC discharge were measured.

Test results for these batteries are shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.

Comparing the initial discharge capacities, it is clear from Figure 3 that the discharge capacity of the battery A of the present invention is approximately 40Ah at 5HR discharge.
In contrast, the discharge capacity of conventional battery B was approximately 15^h. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 4, the battery A of the present invention was superior to the battery B by about 5% in terms of voltage characteristics during discharge. This is because, in the battery A of the present invention, the contact area between the separator and the positive and negative electrode plates is large, which improves the diffusion of the electrolyte and reduces the contact resistance.

Next, the life performance of the battery A of the present invention and the conventional battery B was compared. When repeated charging and discharging cycles at a discharge depth of 75%, the number of cycles required to reach 80% of the rated capacity was 1500 cycles for conventional battery B, whereas it was 2500 cycles for battery A of the present invention. Ta. This is considered to be because, in the battery A of the present invention, the contact area between the separator and the positive and negative electrode plates was large, which improved the diffusion of the electrolyte and reduced the contact resistance, so that the active material was used uniformly.

Effects of the Invention As described above, the present invention is not only effective in improving discharge characteristics, but also improves life performance, and has great industrial value.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the main parts of a sealed clad lead-acid battery according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of main parts of a conventional battery of this type, and Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of main parts of a battery A of the present invention and a conventional battery. FIG. 4 is a diagram comparing the discharge capacities of B and B. FIG. 4 is a diagram comparing the terminal voltages of battery A of the present invention and conventional battery B one minute after discharge. 1... Clad type negative electrode plate, 2... Clad type positive electrode plate, 3... Separator, 4... Paste type negative electrode plate "-
m--2. Clad type positive electrode plate Fig. 2 0 Discharge current (A) Fig. 3 0 0 Fig. 4

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a lead-acid battery using a clad positive electrode plate and a clad negative electrode plate, the concave portion of the positive electrode plate and the convex portion of the negative electrode plate are brought into contact with each other via a sheet-like separator, and electrolysis is applied to the positive and negative electrode plates and the separator. A sealed clad lead-acid battery characterized by being impregnated with and retaining liquid.