JPH03122319A - Worker gate device for caisson - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the workability by moving an elevating capsule for worker at the time of coming in/out of a worker, and communicating with a separately located adjustable pressure chamber, and enabling a coming in/out of a worker through the adjustable pressure chamber. CONSTITUTION:Coming in/out of a worker between the ground surface and a pressurized working chamber 15 is performed through an elevating capsule 16 for worker hung down freely to elevate and a separately located adjustable pressure chamber 31. When a worker comes from the pressurized working chamber 15 to the ground surface, the pressure in the capsule 16 is previously set as same as that of the working chamber 15, and a worker comes from the working chamber 15 to the casule 16, and the capsule 16 is hung down and while is raised in a cylinder 13 to be communicated with the separately located adjustable pressure chamber 31. Next, the pressure in the adjustable pressure chamber 31 is previously set as same as the capsule 16, and is gradually changed to the atmospheric pressure. The workability can be thereby improved.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a caisson worker entry/exit box device that facilitates the entry and exit of workers between a caisson internal pressurized air work chamber and the ground.

(Prior Art) The Niemacink caisson construction method is known as one of the methods for constructing a concrete structure underground.

This construction method involves excavating and transporting earth and sand in an environment of high pressure. Conventionally, for example, as shown in Figure 6,
An upper air chamber 3 and a lower pressure air work chamber 4 are partitioned by the slab 2 of the caisson body 1 which has an H-shaped cross section.
The earth and sand excavated by the workers was transported to the outside by a packet 6 through a cylinder 5 provided approximately in the center of the slab 2.

That is, hatches 7 and 8 that can be opened and closed are provided inside the cylinder 5, and when carrying out earth and sand, one hatch 7 is first opened to raise the packet 6, and then the hatch 7 is closed and the other hatch is raised. By opening 8, the pressurized air working chamber 4
Earth and sand were being removed while maintaining high pressure inside.

This also applies when the worker enters and exits between the pressurized air work chamber 4 and the ground, and the same operations as described above are performed.

(Intelligence B that the invention attempts to solve) However, it is necessary to gradually pressurize and depressurize, especially when workers come in and out, which takes a lot of time, and the actual work efficiency is very poor. There was an issue of becoming.

Moreover, recently, pressurized air work has tended to be carried out at greater depths, and the time it takes for workers to pressurize and depressurize is even longer, so the reality is that pressurization and depressurization in confined spaces is becoming more and more acceptable for workers. Awata.

This invention was made to solve this problem.
The purpose is to provide a caisson worker entry/exit box device that can smoothly change workers in a short time and improve the environmental conditions during pressurization and depressurization.

(Means for Solving !1 Problem) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has a pressurized air work chamber provided below the caisson main body, and the access of workers between the ground and the pressurized air work chamber is provided. This caisson worker entry/exit box device is equipped with a suspended capsule for lifting and lowering workers that can be raised and lowered freely, and a pressurization and depressurization chamber located separately, and the capsule is moved when workers enter or exit the country. It is characterized in that it is connected to a pressurization and depressurization chamber so that workers can enter and exit through the pressurization and depressurization chamber.

(Function) With the above configuration, the present invention allows workers to enter and exit between the ground and the pressurized air work chamber by using a capsule for elevating and lowering workers that is suspended so as to be able to rise and fall freely, and a pressurization and depressurization chamber that is arranged separately. This is done through

For example, when a worker goes to the ground from a pressurized work room,
First, the pressure inside the capsule is set in advance to be the same as that in the pressurized air work chamber, and a worker enters the capsule from the pressurized air work chamber, suspends the capsule, and moves it up inside the cylinder to increase and decrease the pressure. Connect with the room.

At this time, the pressure inside the pressurization and depressurization chamber is set in advance to be the same as the pressure inside the capsule, so that the worker can enter the pressurization and depressurization chamber from the capsule through the hatch. In this way, by gradually bringing the pressure inside the pressurization and depressurization chamber closer to atmospheric pressure, the work tool can easily exit from the pressurization and depressurization chamber to the ground.

Furthermore, when replacing workers, the replacement personnel can be made to wait in advance in the pressurization and depressurization chamber, and the workers can be replaced at the same time when the capsule is connected to the pressurization and depressurization chamber.

That is, according to the present invention, it is possible to extremely shorten the time required for replacing workers.

(Example) Hereinafter, preferred examples of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows the overall configuration of the apparatus of the present invention.

In the figure, inside the caisson body 11, there is communication with the outside air.
A cylinder 13 that can be shut off is provided, and a pneumatic working chamber 15 that can be communicated with and shut off from the cylinder 13 via an anchor hatch 14 is provided below the cylinder 13 .

When moving in and out between the ground and this pressurized air working chamber 15, the worker moves up and down inside the cylinder while maintaining the inside of the pressurized air working chamber 15 under high pressure.

Here, a characteristic feature of the present invention is that it includes a suspended capsule that can be raised and lowered for use by workers, and a pressurization and depressurization chamber that is arranged separately.

That is, in FIG. 1 mentioned above, the cylinder 13 can be communicated with and shut off from the outside air via the upper hatch 12,
A capsule 16 for lifting and lowering workers is suspended within this cylinder 13. The capsule 16 has a hollow cylindrical shape capable of accommodating a plurality of workers, and is controlled by a hanging mechanism 17 to be able to rise and fall.

A stopper 26 is provided in the lower part of the cylinder 13 to receive the movable hatch 24 attached to the capsule 16 from below, and in the middle part of the cylinder 13, the movable hatch 24 is temporarily stopped. A hatch lock fitting 28 is provided for locking. Further, the upper hatch 12 provided at the top of the cylinder 13 can be locked by a fixing metal fitting 30, and by releasing this lock, the upper hatch 12 can be moved together with the capsule 16. Note that an air supply pulp 47 and an exhaust valve 48 are provided at the upper part of the cylinder 13 for supplying and exhausting the inside of the cylinder.

The suspension mechanism 17 that controls the capsule 16 to move up and down includes a capsule support arm 19 attached to the upper part of the capsule 16, a hoisting wire 18, and a control section (not shown). Arm 19
The hoisting wire 18 is connected through the hoisting wire 18, and a buffer spring 29 is provided around the hoisting wire 18.

Further, the capsule 16 is connected to the capsule 16 via take-up reels 20a and 20b provided on the upper hatch 12.
An air supply hose 2La for supplying air and a signal wire 21b for responding to the outside are connected to the air supply valve 6, and the air supply valve 36 is an opening/closing valve for this purpose. Note that an air supply valve 37 and an exhaust valve 40 are also provided, which are used when the capsule is on the ground.

Further, a cylindrical body 23a is provided at the lower part of the capsule 16 and can be communicated with and shut off from the outside via a capsule hatch 22, and this cylindrical body 23a is the same as the cylindrical body 23b provided with the movable hatch 24. It has a form.

A hatch 27 is provided on the lower surface of the cylindrical body 23b, and the cylindrical bodies 23a and 23b are held at the bottom of the capsule 16 by being engaged by a fitting 25.

The pressure reduction chamber 31 has a hollow cylindrical shape that is thicker than the capsule 16, and is separate from the cylinder 13.
It is placed horizontally on the ground near the. This pressurization chamber 3
1 has a cylindrical body 23c connected to the cylindrical body 23a on the capsule side by a lock fitting 33 at its upper part, and by connecting these cylindrical bodies 23a and 23c, there is a A mounting chamber 43 is defined. This mounting room 4
3, the air supply valve 38 and the exhaust valve 41 make it possible to supply and exhaust the room. Moreover, the cylindrical body 23c
A hatch 32 is provided on the lower surface of the pressurizing/depressurizing chamber 31, which can communicate with and shut off the inside of the pressurizing/depressurizing chamber 31.

On the side of the pressurization/depressurization chamber 31, an inlet/outlet hatch 34 for the main chamber is provided inwardly, and an inlet/outlet hatch 35 for the auxiliary chamber is provided outwardly.
These hatches 34 and 35 divide the inside of the pressurization and depressurization chamber 31 into a main chamber 31a and a sub-chamber 31b. The inside of the main chamber 31a can be pumped and exhausted by an air supply valve 39 and an exhaust valve 42, and the inside of the auxiliary chamber 31b can be pumped and exhausted by an air supply valve 44 and an exhaust valve 45.

Next, the operation of the apparatus of this embodiment having the above configuration will be explained.

First, when an operator goes to the ground from the pressurized air work chamber 15, the operator inserts the capsule 16 from above into the cylinder 13 while suspending the capsule 16 by the suspension mechanism 17 as shown in FIG. 1, and controls the hoisting wire 18. While doing so, let them subside.

In this way, do you care about Capsule 16? i#13 is lowered near the lower end, and the movable hatch 24 is brought into contact with the stopper 26 at the lower part of the cylinder 13. This movable hatch 24 separates the pressurized air work chamber 15 from the inside of the cylinder work 3. At this time, the pressure inside the capsule 16 is made equal to the pressure inside the pneumatic working chamber 15.

Next, the worker removes the cylindrical body 23 attached to the lower part of the capsule.
Open the ingress/egress hatch 27 of b, climb up the ramp 46, enter the capsule 16, tighten and lock the egress/egress hatch 27, and also tighten the capsule hatch 22. and,
After checking whether the locking fitting 25 of the cylindrical body 23b is locked, open the air supply valve 37 for capsule balance.
is opened, and the hoisting wire 18 is gradually wound up while preventing pressure fluctuations within the capsule 16.

In this way, the capsule 16 is raised and, as shown in FIG.
After locking with the hatch lock fitting 28, the cylindrical body 2
3b is unlocked.

As described above, the movable hatch 24 is separated from the capsule 16, and the inside of the cylinder 13 is divided by the movable hatch 24 into an upper lock chamber 13a and a lower lock chamber 13b. Subsequently, an external operator is contacted from inside the capsule 16 to open the exhaust valve 48 to bring the internal pressure of the upper lock chamber I3a to the same state as atmospheric pressure.

When the internal pressure of the upper lock chamber 13a reaches atmospheric pressure, the fixing fitting 30 that fixes the upper hatch 12 is unlocked, and the capsule 16 is further lifted up using the hoisting wire 18! J
13 Roll up upwards.

In this way, as shown in FIG. 3, the capsule 16 on which the upper haunch 12 is placed is moved upwardly in the pressurization and depressurization chamber 31 while being suspended by the hanging mechanism 17. At this time, the pressure inside the pressurization/depressurization chamber 31 is adjusted in advance to the capsule 1.
Keep the pressure equal to the internal pressure of step 6.

Next, as shown in FIG. 4, the cylindrical body 23a at the bottom of the capsule is aligned with the cylindrical body 23c at the mounting opening of the pressurization/depressurization chamber 31, and both are locked with the fixing fittings 33.

After the connection between the capsule 16 and the pressurizing/depressurizing chamber 31 is completed, the air supply pulp 38 is opened in order to equalize the pressure in the mounting chamber 43 with the pressure in the capsule 16 and the pressurizing/depressurizing chamber 31.

Further, the capsule hatch 22 on the capsule 16 side and the hatch 32 in the pressure reduction chamber 31 are opened, and after the worker enters the pressure reduction chamber 31 from the capsule 16, the hatch 32 is closed.

At this time, when exhaust is performed using the exhaust pulp 41 in the mounting chamber 43, the hatch 32 is automatically locked. Pressurization and depressurization chamber 3
1, pressure reduction is automatically started based on a preset pressure reduction time. When the pressure inside the pressurization/depressurization chamber 31 reaches atmospheric pressure, the worker can open the access hatches 34 and 35 to go outside. In addition, to enter the pressurization/depressurization chamber 31 from the ground space during depressurization, close the access hatch 35 for the auxiliary chamber, pressurize the inside of the auxiliary chamber 31b, and open the access hatch 34 for the main room to enter the room. .

Furthermore, if you want to change workers at the same time, pressurize and depressurize room 3.
The internal pressure of the capsule 1 is made equal to the internal pressure of the capsule 16, and a replacement staff member is made to wait in advance in the pressurization chamber 31 to wait for the person leaving the capsule. Then, at the same time, have the replacement personnel board the capsule 16.Next, close the capsule hatches 22 and 32, operate the exhaust pulp 41 to remove the air in the mounting chamber 43, and then unlock the lock fitting 33. . Then, by the hoisting control by the hanging mechanism 17, the capsule 16 is gradually hoisted up and moved above the cylinder 13, and the capsule IG is inserted into the upper chamber 13a of the cylinder 13.

When the capsule 16 is inserted into the cylinder 13, the operator locks the upper hatch 12 with the fixing fitting 30, and then operates the air supply valve 47 to supply air into the upper lock chamber 13a.
When the capsule 16 is suspended and lowered to the middle part of the air [13], the cylindrical body 23b is locked and connected with the hatch lock fitting 28, and the movable hatch 24
can be moved together with capsule 1G. When the internal pressure of the upper lock chamber 13a becomes equal to the internal pressure of the capsule 16 by the above-described air supply into the upper lock chamber 13a, the operator unlocks the hatch lock fitting 28 and lowers the capsule 16 further, so that the movable hatch 24 is lowered. When it comes into contact with the stopper 26 at the bottom of the cylinder, the capsule hatch 22 is opened, and the worker descends from the capsule 16 into the pressurized air work chamber 15 to work.

Another embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, the entire cylinder 13 became a pneumatic chamber and a large amount of exhaust gas was required to adjust the pressure, but in this embodiment, the upper hatch 12 is unnecessary and the pressure within the entire cylinder is not adjusted. This reduces the amount of pumping and exhausting that needs to be controlled.

That is, in FIG. 5, reference numeral 24° indicates a mirror plate directly welded to the cylinder 13, and a cylindrical body 23b' penetrates through the center of the mirror Fi, 24' and is welded thereto to seal it. In addition, the capsule 1 is attached to the cylindrical body 23a at the bottom of the capsule.
A supply/exhaust pipe 50 is installed through the valve 5.
By opening and closing 1, it is possible to send and exhaust air into the cylindrical body 23a.

To briefly explain how to use the device of this embodiment, first, with the lower hatch 27 of the cylinder 13 closed, the capsule 16 is
comes down inside the cylinder 13, and the cylindrical body 2 at the bottom of the capsule
3a and the cylindrical body 23b' of the mirror Fi 24'' are connected by the fitting 25. At this time, the hatch 22 inside the capsule is in a closed state, and then the valve 51 is operated.
By opening the hatch 22 inside the capsule and the lower hatch 27 inside the cylinder, the pressure inside the cylindrical body 23a is made equal to the pressure inside the capsule 16 and the pressure inside the pressure working chamber 15.
Workers can enter and exit between the capsule 16 and the pressurized air work chamber 15.

According to this embodiment, since the amount of air flow to be controlled is small, workers can enter and leave the country in a shorter time.

Although cylinders are used in this embodiment, it goes without saying that cylinders are not necessarily required.

(Effects of the Invention) As explained above, the present invention is a caisson worker entry/exit box that has a pressurized air work chamber provided below the caisson main body and allows workers to enter and exit between the ground and the pressurized air work chamber. The device includes a capsule for raising and lowering a worker that is suspended so that it can be raised and lowered, and a pressurization and depressurization chamber that is arranged separately, and the capsule is moved and connected to the pressurization and depressurization chamber when the worker enters and exits the box, By making it possible for workers to enter and exit through this pressurization chamber, it is possible to change workers smoothly in a short time, and by increasing the space inside the pressurization chamber, pressurization and depressurization for workers The environmental conditions at the time can be improved.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 shows the overall configuration of the device of the present invention, Fig. 2 shows the capsule suspended and moved above the cylinder together with the movable hatch, and Fig. 3 shows the capsule moved above the pressurization chamber. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the state before the capsule is moved and connected to the pressurization/decompression chamber. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the overall configuration of the device of the present invention according to another embodiment. , FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the work of carrying out earth and sand from a caisson using a conventional device.・Caisson body・Upper hatch・Cylinder・Pressure work chamber・Capsule・Suspension mechanism・Hoisting wire・Movable hatch・End plate・Pressure/depressurization room (1 other person) Chest 2 Figure 4 Figure 6 Figure 6

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claim] A worker access box device for a caisson which has a pressurized air work chamber provided below the caisson body and allows workers to enter and exit between the ground and the pressurized air work chamber, It is equipped with a lowered capsule for elevating and lowering workers and a pressurization and depressurization chamber arranged separately, and when a worker enters and exits the box, the capsule is moved and connected to the pressurization and depressurization chamber, and the capsule is connected to the pressurization and depressurization chamber through this pressurization and depressurization chamber. A caisson worker entry/exit box device characterized by allowing workers to enter and exit.