JPH0280512A - Heat-treatment of highly alloyed chromium steel - Google Patents
Heat-treatment of highly alloyed chromium steelInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0280512A JPH0280512A JP1201511A JP20151189A JPH0280512A JP H0280512 A JPH0280512 A JP H0280512A JP 1201511 A JP1201511 A JP 1201511A JP 20151189 A JP20151189 A JP 20151189A JP H0280512 A JPH0280512 A JP H0280512A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- heat treatment
- steel
- chromium
- chromium steel
- heat
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 15
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 15
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 9
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrosoferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
- C21D1/76—Adjusting the composition of the atmosphere
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/06—Surface hardening
- C21D1/08—Surface hardening with flames
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/002—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
「産業上の利用分野」
本発明は１２重量％より多いＣｒと微量のＣを含有する
高度合金クロム鋼の９５０’を越える温度における熱処
理方法に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION The present invention relates to a process for heat treating highly alloyed chromium steels containing more than 12% by weight of Cr and trace amounts of C at temperatures above 950'.
［従来の技術］
Ｇ−Ｘ５ＣｒＮｉ １３．４の名称の鋼もまたこれに
類するが、高度合金クロム鋼はとりわけ水タービンの製
造にも使用される。これらは強度と延性の良好な釣合並
びにその他良好に溶接できることですぐれている。上述
の鋼の炭素含有量はＣ０，０５重量％である。しかし溶
接性または延性をさらに良くするために、その炭素含有
量を減するよう努力がなされている。Ｃ００．２重量％
以下の炭素含有量を得ようと努力がはられれている。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Highly alloyed chromium steels, such as the steel with the designation G-X5CrNi 13.4, are also used inter alia for the production of water turbines. They are distinguished by a good balance of strength and ductility as well as good weldability. The carbon content of the above-mentioned steel is C0.05% by weight. However, efforts are being made to reduce its carbon content in order to further improve weldability or ductility. C00.2% by weight
Efforts are being made to obtain a carbon content of:
この種の高度合金クロム鋼の場合は鋳物の鋳込、凝固及
び冷却の後、または鋳造品の成形後に壁厚に応じて粗粒
のパーライト−マルテンサイトの、高硬度の、しかし成
形しにくい組織構造が発生する。このためにこれら鋼は
γ−固溶体（オーステナイト）の温度範囲の変態及び溶
液熱処理を９５０°Ｃ以上の温度で受ける。その際微細
結晶のマルテンサイトの、成形特性の良い焼鈍組織が生
じる。その表面にはいわゆる外部酸化によって、実質的
にはＦｅ３Ｏ４からなるスケール層が生じるが、これは
熱処理の間この地帯からクロムが内部壁層に移動するか
らであるこのスケール層は比較的容易にサンドブラスト
により除かれる。しかし同時にまたいわゆる内部酸化に
より酸化クロム高成分の内部辺縁層が発生する。この場
合冒頭に掲げたこの鋼のクロム成分は２５％以上になり
得る。内部辺縁層中の高い酸化クロム成分に基づき、こ
の辺縁層は１００ＯＨＶ程度である硬度を持っているが
一方部材母体の硬度は約２５０ＨＶである。In the case of this type of highly alloyed chromium steel, after casting, solidification and cooling, or after shaping of the casting, depending on the wall thickness, a coarse-grained pearlite-martensite structure with high hardness, but difficult to form. Structure occurs. For this purpose, these steels undergo transformation in the temperature range of γ-solid solution (austenite) and solution heat treatment at temperatures above 950°C. At this time, an annealed structure of microcrystalline martensite with good forming properties is generated. On its surface, a so-called external oxidation results in a scale layer consisting essentially of Fe3O4, since during heat treatment chromium is transferred from this zone to the internal wall layer. This scale layer can be sandblasted relatively easily. removed by. At the same time, however, an inner marginal layer with a high content of chromium oxide also forms due to so-called internal oxidation. In this case, the chromium content of this steel mentioned at the beginning can be more than 25%. Due to the high chromium oxide content in the inner marginal layer, this marginal layer has a hardness of the order of 100 OHV, while the hardness of the component matrix is approximately 250 HV.
この内部辺縁層の厚さは０．５と１ｍｍの間である。こ
れは取除かなければならない。これは極端に硬い研摩ま
たは仕上工具を使用して可能であるにすぎない。研摩の
際高クロム酸化物含有の研摩埃が生成するが、その除去
にはかなりの問題が生じる。The thickness of this inner marginal layer is between 0.5 and 1 mm. This must be removed. This is only possible using extremely hard abrasive or finishing tools. High chromium oxide-containing abrasive dust is generated during polishing, and its removal poses considerable problems.
保護ガス下で金属の熱処理を実施することは原則的には
公知である。例えばアルゴン雰囲気中での巻線は標準化
されている。It is known in principle to carry out heat treatment of metals under protective gas. For example, winding in an argon atmosphere is standardized.
［発明が解決しようとする課題］
従って本発明の課題は冒頭に記載した種類の方法を、表
面に酸化クロムの富化と極端に硬い表面層の生成を避け
るように構成することであつに。OBJECT OF THE INVENTION It is therefore an object of the invention to design a process of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that enrichment of chromium oxide on the surface and the formation of extremely hard surface layers are avoided.
［課題を解決するための手段］
前記課題は前記熱処理を水素含有の、実質的に無酸素の
保護ガス雰囲気中で実施することで解決される。保護ガ
ス雰囲気の無酸素の場合には、水素は、クロムが内部へ
移動するにもかかわらず、部材の酸化物を特に表面区域
で還元する還元元素として一層作用する。なんとなれば
この内部に移動するクロムは金属クロムとして表面近く
の領域に富化されるからである。酸化クロムは生成され
ない。このために熱処理（溶液熱処理）後の前記部材は
普通の方法で加工される表面を持つ。研摩加工時に生じ
る研摩埃は実質的に僅少の酸化クロム含有量を持つから
、その除去は問題ない。[Means for Solving the Problem] The problem is solved by carrying out the heat treatment in a hydrogen-containing, substantially oxygen-free protective gas atmosphere. In the oxygen-free case of the protective gas atmosphere, hydrogen acts more as a reducing element, reducing the oxides of the component, especially in the surface area, despite the migration of chromium into the interior. This is because the chromium that moves inside becomes enriched in the region near the surface as metallic chromium. No chromium oxide is produced. For this purpose, the component after heat treatment (solution heat treatment) has a surface that is processed in the usual manner. Since the abrasive dust generated during the abrasive process has a substantially low chromium oxide content, its removal poses no problem.
前記熱処理を、Ｎ２５重量％までならびにその残余が不
純物に至るまでＮ２からなるフォーミングガスで実施す
れば、本方法は特に有利に行うことができる。このよう
なフォーミングガスは耐爆性である。The process can be carried out particularly advantageously if the heat treatment is carried out with a forming gas consisting of up to 25% by weight of N2 and the remainder up to impurities. Such forming gases are explosion resistant.
Ｇ−Ｘ５ＣｒＮｉ １３．４の名称の鋼の熱処理は約
１０５０℃の温度で行うべきである。The heat treatment of the steel with the designation G-X5CrNi 13.4 should be carried out at a temperature of about 1050°C.
熱処理からの前記材料の冷却は該保護ガス雰囲気中で行
うことができる。その際何ら外部スケール層は発生せず
、むしろ金属クロムによる表面近くの層の富化が行われ
る。Cooling of the material from heat treatment can be carried out in the protective gas atmosphere. No external scale layer is formed in this case, but rather an enrichment of the near-surface layer with metallic chromium takes place.
しかしまた熱処理後鋼を空気中で冷却、例えば空気焼入
れすることもできる。この場合、実施的にＦｅ３Ｏ４を
含む外部スケール層が発生し、その際この外部スケール
層のクロムは再び内部に向かって移動し、そこに実質的
に金属クロムとして富化される。短時間の空気冷却のた
めに確かに幾許かの酸化クロムが生じるけれども、これ
は引き続いて加工するには害にはならない冷却に引き続
いて前記鋼は通常のように約６２０°Ｃの温度で、表面
近くの領域に組織変化を待つことなく、焼き戻すことが
できる。However, it is also possible to cool the steel in air after the heat treatment, for example to air harden it. In this case, an outer scale layer is formed which essentially contains Fe3O4, the chromium of this outer scale layer moving back towards the interior and becoming enriched there essentially as metallic chromium. Although some chromium oxide does form due to the short air cooling, this is not harmful for subsequent processing.Following cooling, the steel is normally heated at a temperature of about 620°C. Tempering can be performed without waiting for tissue changes in areas near the surface.
［実施例ｊ 以下本発明を実施例に基づき説明する。[Example j The present invention will be explained below based on examples.
例 ｌ
以下のガイド分析を有する名称Ｇ Ｘ５ＣｒＮｉ１３
．４鋼から出発
元 素 重量％Ｃ
Ｏ，０２３
Ｓｉ ０．２６
Ｍｎ ０．３９
Ｐ Ｏ，０
１６Ｓ
Ｏ，００６Ｃｒ １
２．ＩＭｏ ０
．４７Ｎｉ ３
．８９ＡＱ Ｏ，０
２２Ｆｅ 残
全鋳物を製造し、引き続いて熱処理（溶液熱処理）を実
施した。該熱処理は１０５０°Ｃの温度で約１５時間保
護ガス雰囲気中に保持して行った。該保護ガス雰囲気は
、８２５重量％及びＮ２約９５重量％ならびに通常の不
純物を含むフォーミングガスから構成した。熱処理の後
、前記部材をこの保護ガス雰囲気中で冷却した。約６０
０°Ｃまでの冷却を約１．５時間継続した。さらに前記
部材を約１００ ’（！まで冷却の後、この部材を前記
保護ガス雰囲気中で約６２０°Ｃの温度で焼き戻した。Example l Name G X5CrNi13 with the following guiding analysis
．． Starting from 4 steel Element Weight %C
O,023 Si 0.26
Mn 0.39
PO,0
16S
O,006Cr 1
2. IMo 0
．． 47Ni 3
．． 89AQ O,0
22Fe remainder
All castings were produced and subsequently subjected to heat treatment (solution heat treatment). The heat treatment was carried out at a temperature of 1050° C. for about 15 hours in a protective gas atmosphere. The protective gas atmosphere consisted of forming gas containing 825% by weight and approximately 95% by weight N2 and normal impurities. After the heat treatment, the part was cooled in this protective gas atmosphere. Approximately 60
Cooling to 0°C was continued for about 1.5 hours. After further cooling the part to about 100' (!), the part was tempered at a temperature of about 620 DEG C. in the protective gas atmosphere.
冷却は再びこの保護ガス雰囲気中で行った。冷却した部
材は以前に金属光沢加工してあった領域には外見上何ら
スケール層は持っていなかった。表面の下には、金属ク
ロムの表面近くの層から内部への拡散により発生した金
属クロムの富化部が観測された。それで、素地材の特性
に適合したこの部材の表面は工具で加工することができ
た。Cooling was again carried out in this protective gas atmosphere. The cooled part had no visible scale layer in areas that had previously been treated with a metallic luster. Beneath the surface, an enriched area of metallic chromium was observed, which was generated by diffusion of metallic chromium from a layer near the surface into the interior. The surface of this part could then be machined with tools that matched the properties of the base material.
例 ２
例１に記載した鋼からの部材を保護ガス雰囲気中で同じ
熱処理を行った。冷却は空気中、特に空気焼入れを行っ
た。約６２０°Ｃに焼戻し、引き続いて冷却を通常の炉
内雰囲気で行った。Example 2 Parts from the steel described in Example 1 were subjected to the same heat treatment in a protective gas atmosphere. Cooling was performed in air, especially air quenching. Tempering to about 620°C followed by cooling in a normal furnace atmosphere.
空気焼入れの間部材に、実質的にＦｅ３Ｏ４からなる外
部スケールが生成した。本来このスケール層に含まれて
いたクロムは内部に移動し、そこで実質的に金属クロム
として富化された。空気焼入れの場合非常にうすい酸化
クロム層が形成されたが、核層は部材の後の表面加工を
わずかに困難にしたにすぎなかった。An external scale consisting essentially of Fe3O4 was formed on the part during air quenching. The chromium originally contained in this scale layer migrated inside, where it was substantially enriched as metallic chromium. Although a very thin chromium oxide layer was formed in the case of air hardening, the nucleation layer only made the subsequent surface processing of the part slightly more difficult.
Claims (1)
合金クロム鋼の９５０゜を越える温度における熱処理方
法において、熱処理を水素を含み、実質上無酸素の保護
ガス雰囲気中で実施することを特徴とする高度合金クロ
ム鋼の熱処理方法。 ２、前記熱処理をＨ＿２５重量％まで並びにその残余が
不純物に至るまでＮ＿２からなるフォーミングガスで実
施する請求項１記載の熱処理方法。 ３、Ｇ−Ｘ５ＣｒＮｉ１３．４鋼の熱処理を約１０５０
℃の温度で実施する請求項１又は２記載の熱処理方法。 ４、前記鋼を熱処理後前記保護ガス雰囲気中で冷却する
請求項１から３までのいずれか１項記載の熱処理方法。 ５、前記鋼を熱処理後空気中で冷却する請求項１から３
までのいずれか１項記載の熱処理方法。 ６、前記鋼を保護ガス雰囲気中で冷却後約６２０℃の温
度で焼きなまして冷却する請求項４記載の熱処理方法。[Claims] A method for heat treating highly alloyed chromium steel containing more than 1.12% by weight of Cr and a trace amount of C at a temperature exceeding 950°, wherein the heat treatment is carried out in a hydrogen-containing, substantially oxygen-free protective gas atmosphere. A method for heat treatment of highly alloyed chromium steel, characterized by carrying out the heat treatment in a medium. 2. The heat treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the heat treatment is performed with a forming gas consisting of N_2 up to 25% by weight of H and the remainder being impurities. 3. Heat treatment of G-X5CrNi13.4 steel to about 1050
The heat treatment method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the heat treatment method is carried out at a temperature of °C. 4. The heat treatment method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the steel is cooled in the protective gas atmosphere after the heat treatment. 5. Claims 1 to 3, wherein the steel is cooled in air after the heat treatment.
The heat treatment method according to any one of the above. 6. The heat treatment method according to claim 4, wherein the steel is cooled in a protective gas atmosphere and then annealed at a temperature of about 620°C.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3826729.2 | 1988-08-05 | ||
| DE3826729A DE3826729A1 (en) | 1988-08-05 | 1988-08-05 | METHOD FOR THE HEAT TREATMENT OF A HIGH-ALLOYED CHROMA STEEL |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0280512A true JPH0280512A (en) | 1990-03-20 |
Family
ID=6360343
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1201511A Pending JPH0280512A (en) | 1988-08-05 | 1989-08-04 | Heat-treatment of highly alloyed chromium steel |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0353699A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH0280512A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR900003386A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3826729A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04263011A (en) * | 1991-02-15 | 1992-09-18 | Nkk Corp | Production of vacuum equipment and steel material for vacuum equipment |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PL295618A1 (en) * | 1991-08-19 | 1993-03-22 | Miller Martin Ag | Steel in particular for wood saws |
| DE19738405C2 (en) * | 1997-09-03 | 2000-08-17 | Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh | Process for reducing corrosion-related oxide resistances on chrome steel components |
| KR102093239B1 (en) | 2018-01-05 | 2020-03-25 | 김상돈 | Grating for improving weldability and method thereof |
| KR102093262B1 (en) | 2018-01-17 | 2020-03-25 | 김상돈 | Grating having flange part and method thereof |
| KR20200119681A (en) | 2019-04-10 | 2020-10-20 | 이효석 | Protect cap asembly for anti corrosion |
| KR20200119680A (en) | 2019-04-10 | 2020-10-20 | 이효석 | Protect cap asembly for anti corrosion |
| KR20200119679A (en) | 2019-04-10 | 2020-10-20 | 이효석 | Protect cap asembly for anti corrosion |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5895154A (en) * | 1998-06-15 | 1999-04-20 | Xerox Corporation | Textured rollers for paper conditioning |
| JPH11161107A (en) * | 1997-09-29 | 1999-06-18 | Xerox Corp | Paper conditioning system |
| US20050286946A1 (en) * | 2004-06-23 | 2005-12-29 | Konica Minolta Business Technologies, Inc. | Apparatus for moisturizing an image recording medium and an image forming apparatus |
| JP2006350263A (en) * | 2005-06-20 | 2006-12-28 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | Both-side image forming apparatus and both-side image forming method |
| JP2007292914A (en) * | 2006-04-24 | 2007-11-08 | Konica Minolta Business Technologies Inc | Paper humidifying device and image forming apparatus equipped therewith |
| US20090229515A1 (en) * | 2008-03-13 | 2009-09-17 | Masashi Kougami | Sheet humidifying device and image forming system provided therewith |
| JP2011090243A (en) * | 2009-10-26 | 2011-05-06 | Konica Minolta Business Technologies Inc | Paper humidifying device, paper post-processing apparatus, and image forming system |
| US20150205258A1 (en) * | 2014-01-23 | 2015-07-23 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Humidification device and image forming apparatus |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT169553B (en) * | 1946-01-15 | 1951-11-26 | Rudolf Dipl Ing Dr T Haemmerle | Process for achieving an easily soluble scale after annealing in tubes or rods and strips made from alloyed chromium steels |
| GB1233847A (en) * | 1968-06-28 | 1971-06-03 | ||
| GB1577179A (en) * | 1978-05-31 | 1980-10-22 | Boc Ltd | Heat treatment of metals |
-
1988
- 1988-08-05 DE DE3826729A patent/DE3826729A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1989
- 1989-08-01 EP EP89114150A patent/EP0353699A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1989-08-02 KR KR1019890011028A patent/KR900003386A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1989-08-04 JP JP1201511A patent/JPH0280512A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11161107A (en) * | 1997-09-29 | 1999-06-18 | Xerox Corp | Paper conditioning system |
| US5987301A (en) * | 1997-09-29 | 1999-11-16 | Xerox Corporation | Paper conditioning system |
| US5895154A (en) * | 1998-06-15 | 1999-04-20 | Xerox Corporation | Textured rollers for paper conditioning |
| US20050286946A1 (en) * | 2004-06-23 | 2005-12-29 | Konica Minolta Business Technologies, Inc. | Apparatus for moisturizing an image recording medium and an image forming apparatus |
| JP2006008282A (en) * | 2004-06-23 | 2006-01-12 | Konica Minolta Business Technologies Inc | Paper sheet humidifier and image forming device |
| JP2006350263A (en) * | 2005-06-20 | 2006-12-28 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | Both-side image forming apparatus and both-side image forming method |
| JP2007292914A (en) * | 2006-04-24 | 2007-11-08 | Konica Minolta Business Technologies Inc | Paper humidifying device and image forming apparatus equipped therewith |
| US20090229515A1 (en) * | 2008-03-13 | 2009-09-17 | Masashi Kougami | Sheet humidifying device and image forming system provided therewith |
| JP2009220895A (en) * | 2008-03-13 | 2009-10-01 | Konica Minolta Business Technologies Inc | Sheet humidifying device and image forming system |
| JP2011090243A (en) * | 2009-10-26 | 2011-05-06 | Konica Minolta Business Technologies Inc | Paper humidifying device, paper post-processing apparatus, and image forming system |
| US20150205258A1 (en) * | 2014-01-23 | 2015-07-23 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Humidification device and image forming apparatus |
| JP2015158664A (en) * | 2014-01-23 | 2015-09-03 | キヤノン株式会社 | Humidifying apparatus and image forming apparatus |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04263011A (en) * | 1991-02-15 | 1992-09-18 | Nkk Corp | Production of vacuum equipment and steel material for vacuum equipment |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3826729A1 (en) | 1990-02-15 |
| EP0353699A1 (en) | 1990-02-07 |
| KR900003386A (en) | 1990-03-26 |
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