JPH0261400B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention is a novel engraving method, in particular, a process in which an adhesive mask with arbitrary characters, patterns, etc. cut out is pasted on the surface of a workpiece such as stone or glass, and then sandblasting is performed on the mask. The present invention relates to an improvement of the engraving method for engraving the letters, patterns, etc. on the workpiece material, and more specifically, an undercoat agent is used to improve the adhesion and sandblasting processability of the adhesive mask, and a method adapted to the method is improved. It is an object of the present invention to provide the above-mentioned undercoat agent.

It is widely practiced to engrave materials such as stone, glass, ceramics, metal, wood, and bamboo, and use them for tombstones, monuments, display boards, building materials, and crafts, and processing methods have also been proposed. Industrially, sandblasting (hereinafter referred to as "blasting") processing using an adhesive mask as described above is attracting attention. This method has the advantage of being able to process precise patterns in large quantities at high speed. As this adhesive mask, various materials such as a rubber mask, a rubber mat, a photosensitive resin mask, a styrene resin mask, etc. are used.

This adhesive mask for blasting usually has adhesive properties, and was expected to be able to adhere to the base material by itself and be used for blasting. However, because the adhesive strength of the mask is not strong enough, the smoothness of the material surface is not uniform, and the polarity of the material, the adhesive strength of the mask alone may cause peeling or lifting during blasting, causing processing defects. There were many accidents that resulted in loss of product value. For this reason, blasting can only be applied to materials with limited surface conditions, and the practical application of the blasting method has been limited.

In order to prevent the mask from peeling off or floating during blasting, conventional processing conditions have been lowered by lowering the blasting pressure to accommodate lower adhesion, pre-treatment conditions such as sufficiently polishing and drying the processed surface of the material, or the blasting mask itself. Attempts are being made to improve mask conditions to increase adhesion. Although improvements in these various conditions were effective to some extent in improving blasting properties, they were not sufficient. For example, if the processing pressure is lowered to compensate for stickiness, the processing time becomes longer and there are restrictions on the applicable materials, so if the processing conditions are less than 2 kg/cm ² , the processing performance will be significantly impaired and there will be a limit to the compatibility. Ta. It is not possible to polish and dry the surface of the base material to be processed due to the number of man-hours involved, and it is not easy to improve the adhesiveness of the mask itself due to the characteristics of the mask material, and simply using an adhesive will reduce the heat resistance. The heat generated during the blasting process sometimes caused defects that caused the mask to shift, resulting in an adverse effect.

The present inventors conducted detailed research on the adhesion behavior of blast masks and thermal behavior during blasting from both electrical and mechanical aspects, and found that although the instantaneous temperature during processing varies depending on the material and processing conditions, Often 50℃
It has been observed that more than that. It has also been found that materials whose glass transition point is below room temperature are undesirable because they exhibit blast barrier properties and create steps.

Based on the analysis of the material behavior during processing and the knowledge regarding the adhesion improvement mechanism of the anchoring agent in polyethylene extrusion laminates, we investigated ways to improve the adhesion of blast masks and maintain blasting properties. It is preferable to treat the surface of the material with an undercoat agent that has specific properties, then apply an adhesive mask and blast it.Also, as the undercoat agent, a liquid composition of resin such as a cellulose derivative or a ketone resin is used, and the glass transition point is at room temperature. The inventors have discovered that the compositions that form the above-mentioned dry film are suitable, leading to the present invention.

Thus, the present invention provides engraving in which an adhesive mask with arbitrary characters, patterns, etc. cut out is pasted on the surface of a workpiece, and sandblasting is performed on the mask to engrave the characters, patterns, etc. on the workpiece. In the processing method, the surface of the workpiece is subjected to sandblasting pressure of 4
The object of the present invention is to provide an engraving method characterized in that the adhesive mask is applied after treatment with an undercoat agent that forms a dry paint film that can be removed by blasting at kg/cm ² or less.

To explain the present invention in more detail, the present inventor has researched and obtained a patent on anchoring agents and lamination techniques for extrusion laminates. We investigated ways to improve the blasting method using adhesive masks based on the knowledge of pre-treatment material technology for bonding materials with poor adhesive strength such as molten polyethylene to various materials and the results of analysis of blasting conditions. As a result, the adhesive layer of the adhesive mask is thoroughly wetted with the polar group that shows affinity for the base material through electrostatic or adsorption bonding, etc., and the adhesive mask is applied after pretreating the base material with a solution composition that has an organic group that shows affinity. The pasting method was found to be effective in improving the adhesion of masks. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of blasting accuracy, it is recognized that the undercoat film formed by applying this solution composition (undercoat agent) needs to have physical properties such that it can be removed at a blasting pressure of 4 kg/cm ² . An undercoat agent that cannot be removed without a pressure of 4 kg/cm ² or more is not preferable because it exhibits barrier properties depending on the material and may deteriorate processing accuracy.

Therefore, the present invention proposes a new processing method in which when blasting is performed using an adhesive mask, an undercoating agent that can be removed with a blasting pressure of 4 kg/cm ² or less is applied to the processing area, and then an adhesive mask is applied and the processing is performed. It is something to do.

According to the method of the present invention, the peeling force is only about 40g/25mm, and it can be applied to stone or porcelain with a peeling force of 3~4kg/25mm.
Adhesive masks, which peel off even when processed at a low pressure of 7 kg/ ^{cm 2 ,} break when the same material is used at 500 to 600 g/25 mm. You will be able to process bamboo, etc. Therefore, if this method is applied, it can be widely applied to materials for which conventional processing was virtually impossible or extremely limited.

Furthermore, the present invention proposes a composition obtained through research on undercoating agents having such effective new functions. The dried film of this composition is solid in the processing temperature range, and even at high blasting pressures
It is a film that can be removed by blasting at a pressure of Kg/cm ² or less. In addition, in order to exhibit strong affinity for both the material surface and the adhesive layer of the adhesive mask, a compound having a polar group and an organic group may be used alone or as a mixture (or react) of two or more compounds, and the compound may be dried with water or at room temperature. It is a liquid composition containing a solvent prepared mainly using an organic solvent.

Compositions with such novel functions include nitrocellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose (and its Na salt), soluble cellulose derivatives such as cellulose acetate, and acetone-cellulose.
Formalin, ketone resins such as furfural-acetone, polyester resins, abietic acid, abietic acid-maleic anhydride, salts or esters of various rosins, terpene compounds such as camphor, citronel acid, camphor, campholene, water or alcohol, toluene , phenol-formalin resin that is soluble in organic solvents such as xylene, amide resins and epoxy resins such as nylon and dimer acid amide that are soluble in water or organic solvents, acrylic acid and its salts including methacrylic acid, One or two resins selected from acrylic resins such as lower alkyl esters, styrene resins such as ABS and AS, natural or synthetic rubbers, petroleum resins, coumaron-indene resins, and natural resins such as silica and balsam. It includes.

In addition to these, if desired, a plasticizer or a substance serving as a film-forming auxiliary agent may be used in combination. Undercoating agents are made of these resins and compounds in an aqueous solution,
It is prepared in the form of an emulsion, a solution in an organic solvent.
At this time, organic solvents include lower alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, butanol, acetone, etc. so that they can be dried at substantially room temperature.
Methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone,
Ketones such as cyclohexanone, esters such as methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, ethers such as ethyl ether, butyl ether, furfural, furan, methyl cellosolve, ethyl cellosolve, etc., hydrocarbons such as n-hexane, benzene, toluene, xylene, etc. , halogenated hydrocarbons such as methylene chloride, trichloroethylene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, and fronsolvent, as well as amines, amides, and sulfoxides such as dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, diethylamine, and triethylamine. It is desirable to include.

For solutions or emulsions prepared as a solvent with water and/or these organic solvents, the solid content is usually 2 to 60% because it is difficult to smooth the surface if it is more than 60% or less than 2% for coating suitability. ~40
%, but depending on the surface condition, it can be treated at a concentration of 2 or less or 60% or more, so there is no particular restriction as long as it is a liquid composition containing a solvent and can be applied uniformly. This liquid composition can be applied by conventional methods such as brushing, spraying, rolling, dipping, and casting.

The coating film is dried for 3 to 60 minutes (30°C) depending on the surface condition, thickness, and composition of the material. Usually, an adhesive mask is applied after the coating film has dried. If the material absorbs and volatilizes the solvent easily, it is possible to work by applying a mask when the material is not dry and then drying it. It is also possible to use a pressure roller or a dryer for heating during application.

Blasting work depends on the type of material, display pattern status,
The abrasive material and pressure are selected depending on the work area, etc., but this method can also be processed according to general methods.

Thus, according to the present invention, the surface of the workpiece is treated in advance with the above-mentioned undercoat agent, an adhesive mask is attached thereon, and sandblasting is performed on the surface of the workpiece, so that stone, glass, porcelain, metal, wood, To be widely applied regardless of the type of workpiece material such as bamboo, or the type of adhesive mask such as a rubber mask or photosensitive resin mask, and to engrave fine patterns, letters, etc. on such workpiece materials with high precision and workability. This is possible.

Examples and comparative examples of the present invention are shown below.

Example 1 Undercoat composition (1) (Undercoat No.-1) 5 parts of nitrocellulose (H1/4 type), 2.0 parts of abietic acid, 2 parts of hydroxyethyl cellulose, 5 parts of borneol, 5 parts of sodium hydroxide
1, 60 parts of water, and 40 parts of methanol were mixed and reacted with stirring at 40 to 60°C for 3 hours to obtain a pale yellow solution with pH=4.1.

(Performance) Undercoat No. − obtained as described above
When 1 was brushed onto a glass plate, it was 65%RH, 30
It was dry to the touch in 35 minutes at ℃ to give a solidified coating. The dried film could be removed with water.

The undercoat film on the glass plate could be removed by blasting in 5 seconds at a pressure of 3 kg/cm ² using a regular blasting machine using a 120 Me abrasive (Morundum, manufactured by Morita Abrasives) and did not become a barrier.

Also, mild steel for measuring tensile shear strength (SPCC-SB
JIS G3141) was coated with the above undercoat agent, and then a photosensitive resin blasting adhesive mask (ASA mask manufactured by Asahi Kasei Corporation) was applied to the dried coating film, and the peel strength was measured using an Instron type tester. It was 250 g/25 mm.
It was hot. 60 when not using undercoat
g/25 mm, and the reinforcing effect of the adhesive mask by the undercoat was recognized.

Example 2 Undercoat composition (2) Undercoat No.-2 20 parts of rosin, 3 parts of sodium polyacrylate (Nippon Shokubai Chemical Acrynal D-40), 2 parts of gelatin, 5 parts of triethylamine, 80 parts of water, 20 parts of methanol The mixture was stirred and reacted at 40-60°C for 4 hours to obtain a pale yellow liquid.

(Performance) The drying property was examined in the same manner as in Example 1 and the result was 60%.
Drying at RH and 28°C for 20 minutes gave a solidified film, which could be removed by washing with water.

Also, the paint film on the glass surface can be removed by blasting in 5 seconds.
It did not act as a barrier, and the peel strength of the adhesive mask on the mild steel plate was 280 g/25 mm, which was good.

Example 3 Undercoat composition (3) Undercoat No.-3 10 parts of gelatin, 8 parts of α-starch, 5 parts of sodium polyacrylate, 4 parts of hydroxyethyl cellulose,
4 parts of sodium abietate, 90 parts of water, 10 parts of methanol
The mixture was stirred at 40-60°C to obtain a pale yellow solution.

(Performance) When the drying time was measured in the same manner as in Example 1, a solidified film was formed in 45 minutes at 60% RH and 28°C, and this film could be removed by washing with water.

Furthermore, the coating film on the glass surface could be removed in 5 seconds, and the peeling strength of the adhesive mask from the mild steel plate was 240 g/25 mm, which was good.

Example 4 Undercoat composition (4) Undercoat No.-4 10 parts of acetone-furfural resin, 10 parts of rosin
Dissolve 5 parts of nitrocellulose, 3 parts of ionone, 3 parts of epoxy resin (Epicote 828), and 2 parts of Canada balsam in a mixture of 30 parts of methanol, 30 parts of ethyl acetate, 20 parts of acetone, and 20 parts of toluene to form a pale yellow solution. Obtained.

(Performance) When drying time was measured in the same manner as in Example-1, a solidified film was obtained in 8 minutes at 60% RH and 29°C. The solidified film could be easily removed with a commercially available nail polish remover.

Furthermore, the coating film on the glass surface could be removed in 5 seconds, and the peel strength of the adhesive mask on the mild steel plate was 550 g/25 mm or more (adhesive mask fracture), which was good.

Example 5 Undercoat composition (5) Undercoat No.-5 10 parts of rosin, 5 parts of dimer acid amide (genamide resin), 10 parts of resol type phenol-formalin resin isopropanol solution (manufactured by Gunei Chemical Co., Ltd.), 5 parts of Shonou, Add 3 parts of Sierra Tsuk, 5 parts of ABS resin to 20 parts of methanol, 20 parts of acetone, and 20 parts of methylene chloride.
1 part, 20 parts of toluene, and 20 parts of furan to obtain a pale yellow solution.

(Performance) The drying time was measured in the same manner as in Example 1, and the drying time was 8 minutes at 60% RH and 29°C. The solidified film could be easily removed with a commercially available nail polish remover.

Furthermore, the coating film on the glass surface could be removed in 5 seconds, and the peeling strength of the adhesive mask from the mild steel plate was 560 g/25 mm or more (adhesive mask breakage), which was good.

Example 6 Blasting (1) Undercoat (No.-1), (No.-
2) and (No.-3) were spray coated and thoroughly dried. The coating surface was uniform and smooth. Adhesive mask for blasting on this coating (photosensitive resin plate making sheet)
pasted together.

When the glass plate coated with this undercoat (No.-1) was blasted using 120Me Morundum (product name: Morita Abrasives) at a blasting pressure of 5 kg/cm ² , there was no peeling or lifting of the mask, and even fine line areas were accurate. I was able to process it into Undercoat (No.-2), (No.-
The same was true for 3).

After processing, the undercoat (No.-1) was immersed in water for 20 minutes, the same (No.-2) for 15 minutes, and the undercoat (No.-2) for 15 minutes.
-3) The mask lifted up in 10 minutes and was easy to remove.

(Comparative Example) An adhesive mask for blasting was directly attached to glass and treated in the same manner.

As a result, although good machining was generally possible, blurring of lines was observed when looking at the fine machinability of fine line parts and around the pattern. Also, peeling was not easy and there were problems with workability.

Example 7 Blast processing (2) Porcelain plate (Ina Ceramics Tile for Building Materials PS-10/M-
Undercoat (No.-4) and (No.-5) were spray applied to 4) and dried. The dry coating surface was uniform on average.

When a photosensitive resin adhesive mask for blasting was applied to the coated surface and blasting was performed at 7 kg/cm ² using White Carbon 100Me as an abrasive, the mask did not peel off or lift, and even fine line areas could be processed accurately.

Both (No.-4) and (No.-5) could be processed in the same way.

(Comparative Example) When blasting was attempted by attaching a mask directly to the same tile board, the mask lifted within a few seconds and processing was impossible.

Example 8 Blasting (3) Undercoat (No.-4), (No.-) on white granite plate
5) was applied to obtain a uniform dry coating film.

This coated surface was laminated with the photosensitive resin blasting adhesive mask of Example 6 and 3M rubber adhesive mat #507 (Example 7). As a result, accurate machining was possible for both samples with no peeling or lifting of the mask. (No.-4), (No.
-5) It was the same.

(Comparative Example) When processed without using an undercoat agent, the film of the photosensitive resin adhesive mask for blasting peeled off in 15 seconds and could not be processed. In addition, the rubber adhesive mat can be used to process straight lines, but mask misalignment and slight lifting were observed in curved and corner areas.

Example 9 (Undercoat No.-6) 25 parts of rosin, 15 parts of NBR (Nitsupol 1432J Nippon Zeon), 10 parts of petroleum resin (Picoper 110SF, Pico Co., Ltd.), 10 parts of Coumaron-indene resin (Kumaron Resin, Kobe Yuka) , 500 parts of toluene was heated to 80°C to uniformly dissolve it to obtain a pale yellow solution.

(Performance) When applied with a brush to black granite and dried at 62% RH and 24°C, it was dry to the touch in 15 minutes and a solidified film was obtained. The solidified film could be easily removed with toluene.

When this black granite undercoat film was treated in the same manner as in Example 1, it could be easily blasted off in 5 seconds at a pressure of 4 kg/cm ² .

In addition, when an adhesive mask for blasting (photosensitive resin, etc.) was attached in the same manner as in Example 1 and the peel strength was measured, the mask broke at 600 g/25 mm, and blasting was easy to perform and no peeling of the mask was observed. It was in good condition.

(Comparison) When the adhesive mask was simply pasted directly on black granite, the mask lifted in 20 to 30 seconds at 4 kg/cm ² and could not be processed.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. An adhesive mask with arbitrary characters, patterns, etc. cut out is affixed to the surface of the workpiece, and sandblasting is performed on the mask to engrave the characters, patterns, etc. on the workpiece. In the engraving method, the surface of the workpiece is treated with an undercoat agent that forms a dry coating that can be removed by blasting at a sandblasting pressure of 4 kg/cm ² or less, and then the adhesive mask is applied. Processing method. 2 The undercoat agent is a soluble cellulose derivative, a ketone resin, a terpene compound, a phenolic resin, a polyamide resin, an epoxy resin, a polyester resin, an acrylic resin, a styrene resin, a natural or synthetic rubber, a petroleum resin, a coumaron-indene resin,
The engraving method according to claim 1, which is a solution or emulsion composition containing at least one resin selected from the group consisting of porcelain and balsam, and water and/or an organic solvent.