JPH0259519B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0259519B2 JPH0259519B2 JP57125603A JP12560382A JPH0259519B2 JP H0259519 B2 JPH0259519 B2 JP H0259519B2 JP 57125603 A JP57125603 A JP 57125603A JP 12560382 A JP12560382 A JP 12560382A JP H0259519 B2 JPH0259519 B2 JP H0259519B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- optical
- item
- communication device
- fiber
- light
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 64
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical group [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- WSMQKESQZFQMFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-methyl-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid Chemical class CC1=CC(C(O)=O)=NN1 WSMQKESQZFQMFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001374 Invar Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cu] YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004673 fluoride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4401—Optical cables
- G02B6/4429—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
- G02B6/443—Protective covering
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
- E21B47/13—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling by electromagnetic energy, e.g. radio frequency
- E21B47/135—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling by electromagnetic energy, e.g. radio frequency using light waves, e.g. infrared or ultraviolet waves
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4401—Optical cables
- G02B6/4415—Cables for special applications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/25—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
- D07B1/14—Ropes or cables with incorporated auxiliary elements, e.g. for marking, extending throughout the length of the rope or cable
- D07B1/147—Ropes or cables with incorporated auxiliary elements, e.g. for marking, extending throughout the length of the rope or cable comprising electric conductors or elements for information transfer
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
- Optical Communication System (AREA)
- Light Guides In General And Applications Therefor (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Surface Treatment Of Glass Fibres Or Filaments (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US28514681A | 1981-07-20 | 1981-07-20 | |
| US285146 | 1988-12-16 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5866196A JPS5866196A (ja) | 1983-04-20 |
| JPH0259519B2 true JPH0259519B2 (it) | 1990-12-12 |
Family
ID=23092929
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57125603A Granted JPS5866196A (ja) | 1981-07-20 | 1982-07-19 | 光学通信装置 |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5866196A (it) |
| CA (1) | CA1202081A (it) |
| DE (1) | DE3227083A1 (it) |
| ES (1) | ES8401565A1 (it) |
| FR (1) | FR2513307B1 (it) |
| GB (2) | GB2104752B (it) |
| IT (1) | IT1207302B (it) |
| NO (1) | NO160955C (it) |
Families Citing this family (39)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4523804A (en) * | 1982-08-17 | 1985-06-18 | Chevron Research Company | Armored optical fiber cable |
| US4696542A (en) * | 1982-08-17 | 1987-09-29 | Chevron Research Company | Armored optical fiber cable |
| US4522464A (en) * | 1982-08-17 | 1985-06-11 | Chevron Research Company | Armored cable containing a hermetically sealed tube incorporating an optical fiber |
| GB2137040B (en) * | 1983-03-23 | 1986-11-19 | Smiths Industries Plc | Tyre pressure sensing system |
| US4596050A (en) * | 1984-04-26 | 1986-06-17 | Rogers Gordon W | Information processing system using optically encoded signals |
| DE3422271C2 (de) * | 1984-06-15 | 1987-01-15 | Bergwerksverband Gmbh, 4300 Essen | Bohrlochuntersuchungsverfahren |
| US4721355A (en) * | 1984-06-22 | 1988-01-26 | Chevron Research Company | Optical cable connector assembly including breakable link and process using same |
| US4849753A (en) * | 1984-08-15 | 1989-07-18 | Chevron Research Company | Electro optic high temperature well bore modulator |
| DE3444309A1 (de) * | 1984-12-05 | 1986-06-19 | Heinrich Wüst KG, 7536 Ispringen | Netzadapter mit automatischer anpassung an die netzspannung |
| GB8432123D0 (en) * | 1984-12-19 | 1985-01-30 | Telephone Cables Ltd | Optical cables |
| NO158039C (no) * | 1985-03-01 | 1988-06-29 | Standard Tel Kabelfab As | Borehulls-loggekabel. |
| US4759601A (en) * | 1985-06-24 | 1988-07-26 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Fiber optic connector assembly |
| JPS622412A (ja) * | 1985-06-28 | 1987-01-08 | 株式会社フジクラ | 光ファイバ複合架空線 |
| US4687293A (en) * | 1985-12-27 | 1987-08-18 | Conax Buffalo Corporation | Metal-encased light conductor |
| GB2196809B (en) * | 1986-10-23 | 1991-05-22 | Plessey Co Plc | Optical communication system |
| GB2197066B (en) * | 1986-11-05 | 1990-11-21 | Plessey Co Plc | Improvements relating to bathythermographs |
| IT1202720B (it) * | 1987-03-31 | 1989-02-09 | Pirelli Cavi Spa | Cavo per il trasporto di energia elettrica e la trasmissione di seganli ottici |
| CA1297157C (en) * | 1987-07-13 | 1992-03-10 | Geoffrey Nelson Bowling | Closed loop, programmable power and communication system |
| GB2226270B (en) * | 1988-12-22 | 1992-05-13 | Stc Plc | Optical fibre cables |
| US4974926A (en) * | 1989-04-06 | 1990-12-04 | At&T Bell Laboratories | Underwater optical fiber cable |
| US5140319A (en) * | 1990-06-15 | 1992-08-18 | Westech Geophysical, Inc. | Video logging system having remote power source |
| US5202944A (en) * | 1990-06-15 | 1993-04-13 | Westech Geophysical, Inc. | Communication and power cable |
| FR2664327B1 (fr) * | 1990-07-04 | 1995-11-10 | Clot Andre | Dispositif de diagraphie en zone claire. |
| US5428961A (en) * | 1992-07-21 | 1995-07-04 | Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. | Micromachines |
| FR2745847B1 (fr) * | 1996-03-08 | 2000-09-15 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Systeme de transmission de mesure comportant un convertisseur optoelectrique |
| DE19705920C2 (de) * | 1997-02-17 | 1999-12-02 | Schott Glas | Verfahren zur Herstellung von ummantelten Glasbündeln |
| US6060662A (en) * | 1998-01-23 | 2000-05-09 | Western Atlas International, Inc. | Fiber optic well logging cable |
| DE19807891A1 (de) | 1998-02-25 | 1999-08-26 | Abb Research Ltd | Faserlaser-Drucksensor |
| FR2820593B1 (fr) | 2001-02-02 | 2003-05-23 | Schlumberger Services Petrol | Chemin optique |
| GB2417627B (en) * | 2002-07-18 | 2006-07-19 | Pgs Americas Inc | Fiber-optic seismic array telemetry system, and method |
| US6850461B2 (en) | 2002-07-18 | 2005-02-01 | Pgs Americas, Inc. | Fiber-optic seismic array telemetry, system, and method |
| US6980714B2 (en) * | 2003-09-26 | 2005-12-27 | Moog Components Group Inc. | Fiber optic rotary joint and associated reflector assembly |
| DE10344875A1 (de) * | 2003-09-26 | 2005-04-28 | Siemens Ag | Datenübertragungsverfahren und Optischer Drehübertrager mit Durchführung |
| US7515774B2 (en) | 2004-12-20 | 2009-04-07 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Methods and apparatus for single fiber optical telemetry |
| US7920765B2 (en) * | 2005-06-09 | 2011-04-05 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Ruggedized optical fibers for wellbore electrical cables |
| WO2009099332A1 (en) * | 2008-02-07 | 2009-08-13 | Tecwel As | Data communication link |
| US8571368B2 (en) * | 2010-07-21 | 2013-10-29 | Foro Energy, Inc. | Optical fiber configurations for transmission of laser energy over great distances |
| AT13841U1 (de) * | 2013-06-13 | 2014-10-15 | Teufelberger Seil Ges M B H | Drahtseil für stationäre Anwendungen und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines solchen Drahtseils |
| RU2759729C1 (ru) * | 2020-11-03 | 2021-11-17 | Федеральное государственное казенное военное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Военный учебно-научный центр Военно-Морского Флота "Военно-морская академия имени Адмирала флота Советского Союза Н.Г. Кузнецова" | Приемо-передающее оптическое устройство |
Family Cites Families (21)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE7241689U (de) * | 1966-02-03 | 1973-07-05 | Bbc Ag | Vorrichtung zur Übertragung des Meß wertes einer periodisch veränderlichen Meßgroße von einem auf Hochspannungspotenüal liegenden Messort zu einem Anzeigeort mittels Lichtstrahlen |
| DE1954643A1 (de) * | 1968-11-05 | 1970-06-25 | Lehoczky Dipl Ing Kalman | Einrichtung zur Messwertuebertragung zwischen gegeneinander-rotierenden Systemen |
| DE2230658B2 (de) * | 1972-06-22 | 1976-05-26 | Erwin Sick Optik-Elektronik, 7808 Waldkirch | Vorrichtung zur uebertragung von nachrichten durch licht |
| US3905010A (en) * | 1973-10-16 | 1975-09-09 | Basic Sciences Inc | Well bottom hole status system |
| US3903496A (en) * | 1974-06-14 | 1975-09-02 | Morton Stimler | Opto-acoustic hydrophone |
| FR2292294A1 (fr) * | 1974-11-20 | 1976-06-18 | Dassault Electronique | Dispositif pour la transmission simultanee d'une multiplicite d'informations entre deux ensembles tournant l'un par rapport a l'autre |
| GB1538485A (en) * | 1976-01-07 | 1979-01-17 | Rank Organisation Ltd | Opto-electric device |
| US4162400A (en) * | 1977-09-09 | 1979-07-24 | Texaco Inc. | Fiber optic well logging means and method |
| US4156104A (en) * | 1977-10-11 | 1979-05-22 | Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated | Submarine cable for optical communications |
| US4189705A (en) * | 1978-02-17 | 1980-02-19 | Texaco Inc. | Well logging system |
| GB2021282B (en) * | 1978-05-22 | 1982-06-03 | Post Office | Submarine optical fibre cable |
| US4239335A (en) * | 1978-08-28 | 1980-12-16 | Sea-Log Corporation | Fiber reinforced optical fiber cable |
| FR2460492A1 (fr) * | 1979-06-28 | 1981-01-23 | Cables De Lyon Geoffroy Delore | Cable sous-marin a fibres optiques |
| DE3030361C2 (de) * | 1979-08-20 | 1984-04-19 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd., Osaka | Einrichtung zur Übertragung von Signalen zwischen einer beweglichen und einer ortsfesten Einheit mittels eines auf eine Trommel aufgewickelten, optischen Mehraderkabels |
| FR2475238A1 (fr) * | 1980-02-06 | 1981-08-07 | Lyonnaise Transmiss Optiques | Cable a fibres optiques, etanche a l'eau, et procede et dispositif de fabrication de ce cable |
| JPS5744107A (en) * | 1980-08-29 | 1982-03-12 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Optical fiber cable and its manufacture |
| US4389645A (en) * | 1980-09-08 | 1983-06-21 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Well logging fiber optic communication system |
| US4375313A (en) * | 1980-09-22 | 1983-03-01 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Fiber optic cable and core |
| GB2085188B (en) * | 1980-09-26 | 1984-05-23 | Bicc Ltd | An improved optical cable |
| FR2494452A1 (fr) * | 1980-11-20 | 1982-05-21 | Cables De Lyon Geoffroy Delore | Methode de fabrication d'un cable a fibres optiques |
| GB2096656B (en) * | 1981-03-06 | 1985-03-06 | Bridon Ltd | Cables |
-
1982
- 1982-07-09 GB GB08219942A patent/GB2104752B/en not_active Expired
- 1982-07-13 FR FR8212274A patent/FR2513307B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1982-07-16 IT IT8222431A patent/IT1207302B/it active
- 1982-07-17 DE DE19823227083 patent/DE3227083A1/de active Granted
- 1982-07-19 JP JP57125603A patent/JPS5866196A/ja active Granted
- 1982-07-19 NO NO822483A patent/NO160955C/no unknown
- 1982-07-19 ES ES514133A patent/ES8401565A1/es not_active Expired
- 1982-07-20 CA CA000407637A patent/CA1202081A/en not_active Expired
-
1985
- 1985-01-30 GB GB08502296A patent/GB2152235B/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3227083C2 (it) | 1992-10-08 |
| CA1202081A (en) | 1986-03-18 |
| FR2513307A1 (fr) | 1983-03-25 |
| GB2104752B (en) | 1986-02-19 |
| GB2152235B (en) | 1986-03-05 |
| JPS5866196A (ja) | 1983-04-20 |
| GB2104752A (en) | 1983-03-09 |
| NO822483L (no) | 1983-01-21 |
| GB2152235A (en) | 1985-07-31 |
| NO160955C (no) | 1989-06-14 |
| IT1207302B (it) | 1989-05-17 |
| ES514133A0 (es) | 1983-12-16 |
| NO160955B (no) | 1989-03-06 |
| ES8401565A1 (es) | 1983-12-16 |
| FR2513307B1 (fr) | 1986-10-10 |
| GB8502296D0 (en) | 1985-02-27 |
| IT8222431A0 (it) | 1982-07-16 |
| DE3227083A1 (de) | 1983-04-21 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US4547774A (en) | Optical communication system for drill hole logging | |
| CA1202081A (en) | Optical communication system for drill hole logging | |
| JP5680538B2 (ja) | 高温ダウンホール装置 | |
| US4952012A (en) | Electro-opto-mechanical cable for fiber optic transmission systems | |
| Khare | Fiber optics and optoelectronics | |
| US4278323A (en) | Optical fiber slip ring | |
| US4950885A (en) | Fluid coupled fiber optic sensor | |
| US4647767A (en) | Optical goniometer containing immiscible fluids having different refractive indices | |
| Singal | Optical fiber communications: principles and applications | |
| US4928006A (en) | Fluid coupled fiber optic sensor | |
| US4839515A (en) | Fiber optic transducer with fiber-to-fiber edge coupling | |
| US6997603B2 (en) | Instrumented fiber optic tow cable | |
| US6655849B1 (en) | Optical connector, particularly for operating in high pressure environment | |
| EP0540584A1 (en) | Apparatus for determining the dewpoint | |
| US4401363A (en) | Optical waveguide and method of propagating waves therein | |
| JP2001208915A (ja) | 光ファイバケーブルおよび歪み測定方法 | |
| Salour et al. | Semiconductor-platelet fibre-optic temperature sensor | |
| US20050008291A1 (en) | Optical wave-guide microstructured environment absorption cell | |
| Wilson et al. | All-optical downhole sensing for subsea completions | |
| US10656342B2 (en) | Optical wireless rotary joint | |
| US4612456A (en) | Apparatus and method for generating light having a wavelength in the range of approximately 250-550 nanometers | |
| Mims | A bright future for fiber optic communications: New developments in fiber optic technology are transforming lightwave communications into one of the fastest growing areas of electronics | |
| Ojha | An analysis of optical fibre communication | |
| VSSm | HAY | |
| EP3454481A1 (en) | Submarine communication cable and method for identifying an optical fiber |