JPH0228935Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed explanation of the invention] (Industrial application field) This invention allows evacuees to safely and quickly evacuate to the ground or upper floors when a fire occurs in the lower floors of a building, such as a basement. Regarding possible evacuation equipment.

(Conventional Example) Conventionally, as this type of evacuation device, there is one disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 49-23716 or Japanese Patent Publication No. 38920-1982. The former evacuation device has an evacuation exit large enough for evacuees to pass through, in the bulkhead that separates the lower floor from the upper floor, that is, in the ceiling of the lower floor.
A collapsible cylindrical body that extends to the floor below in the event of a fire, but can be folded and stored on the ceiling when there is no fire, is installed so as to communicate with the evacuation exit. In the event of a fire, this cylindrical body can be extended to any desired length to the floor and the inside of this cylindrical body can be used as an evacuation route, and a ladder or other climbing means installed inside the cylindrical body can be used to reach the upper floor from the evacuation exit. The building is configured so that people can evacuate to the area. The latter evacuation device has an evacuation exit large enough for evacuees to pass through in the bulkhead that separates the lower floor from the upper floor, and an injection means that injects air or mist from the periphery of this evacuation exit to the floor of the lower floor. It is provided. In the event of a fire, this injection means strongly sprays air or mist toward the floor to form a cylindrical smoke-blocking curtain that continues to the evacuation exit, and evacuation can be done using the elevating means placed inside this smoke-blocking curtain. The structure is such that evacuation takes place from the entrance to the upper floor.

(Problem to be solved by the invention) However, in the case of the former evacuation device, even if an evacuation route is formed by the evacuation exit and the cylindrical body in the event of a fire, the floor of the cylindrical body is A gap is created between the free end of the side and the floor surface, and smoke enters the hollow part of the cylinder through this gap. For this reason, there was a problem in that a sufficient shielding effect against smoke could not be obtained, and the cylindrical body acted as a flue, creating an extremely dangerous situation for evacuees.

On the other hand, in the latter case, a smoke-blocking curtain is formed by the flow of air or mist, so a large amount of air is supplied to the lower floor where the fire is occurring.
This has the problem of causing the fire to spread, creating an extremely dangerous situation for evacuees.

(Means for solving the problem) The present invention was developed in view of these problems, and is an evacuation system that allows evacuees to safely and quickly evacuate from the lower floors of the building to the upper floors. The purpose of the present invention is to provide an evacuation exit large enough for evacuees to pass through the bulkhead separating the upper and lower floors of a building, and a hollow one end of which is attached to the bulkhead so that the part communicates with the evacuation exit, and which, when extended to the floor of the lower floor, forms a cylindrical smoke duct that communicates with the evacuation exit to the upper floor; a cylindrical membrane, an air supply means for feeding air into the hollow part of the cylindrical membrane stretched from the partition wall side, and an air supply means arranged in the hollow part of the membrane cylinder and extending from the partition wall side to the floor side of the lower floor In the event of a fire, the membrane cylinder and the lifting means are extended to the floor of the lower part of the floor, and evacuation is carried out from the membrane cylinder to the evacuation exit using the lifting means. It is characterized by

(Example) An example of the evacuation device according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

Fig. 1 shows the structure of the evacuation system in this embodiment, where 1 is a partition wall that separates the lower floor A and the upper floor B of the building. A hole 2 penetrating to the floor is formed,
The main body of the evacuation device is provided in this hole 2. Reference numeral 3 designates an outer cylindrical body that constitutes an outer wall portion and supports the evacuation device main body portion in the hole 2.
Reference numeral 4 denotes an inner cylindrical body provided inside the outer cylindrical body 3 with a predetermined gap, and is formed integrally with the outer cylindrical body 3 and has a diameter large enough to allow an evacuee to pass through the inner space. has been done. 5 is the outer cylinder body 3
and an upper lid for opening and closing the upper opening of the inner cylindrical body 4, and is attached to the outer cylindrical body 3 via a support member 6 such as a hinge that is rotatable in the vertical direction in the figure. A stay damper 7 has one end engaged with the outer cylindrical body 3 or the inner cylindrical body 4, and the other end engaged with the inner side of the upper cover 5, and urges the upper cover 5 upward by a stretching force. 8 is a release fixed to the inside of the top lid 5;
9 is a locking member provided on the release 8; 10
1 is a handle for operating the release 8; 1 is a hook fixed to the inside of the inner barrel 4;
By locking the locking member 9 with the hook 11, the upper lid 5 is closed against the extension force of the stay damper 7. Meanwhile, rotate the handle 10 in a predetermined direction,
When the locking state between the locking member 9 and the hook 11 is released, the upper cover 5 is automatically opened upward by the extension force of the stay damper 7. A lower lid 12 opens and closes the lower openings of the outer cylinder 3 and the inner cylinder 4, and is attached to the outer cylinder 3 via a support member 13 such as a hinge that is rotatable in the vertical direction in the figure. ing. A stay damper 14 has one end engaged with the outer cylindrical body 3 or the inner cylindrical body 4, and the other end engaged with the inside of the lower cover 12, and urges the lower cover 12 downward by an extension force. 15 is a release fixed to the inside of the lower lid 12, 16 is a locking member provided on the release 15, 17 is a release lever for operating the release 15, and 18 is fixed to the inside of the inner cylinder 4. The hook 19 is an operating string with one end tied to the release lever 17 and a handle 19a attached to the other end, and the locking member 16 locks on the hook 18 to resist the extension force of the stay damper 14. to close the lower lid 12. On the other hand, pull the operating string 19 downward to knock down the release lever 17 and lock the locking member 1.
6 and the hook 18, the lower cover 12 is automatically opened downward by the extension force of the stay damper 14.

Inside the inner cylindrical body 4, a foldable ladder 21 whose lower end is attached to a supporting member 20 such as a hinge so as to be vertically rotatable is housed. Reference numeral 22 denotes a rope lock device with a built-in release mechanism.The locking action of the release mechanism prevents the rope 23 from coming off.When the lock action is released, the rope 23 becomes free and passes freely through the rope lock device 22. It is starting to move to . One end of the rope 23 pulled out from the rope lock device 22 is tied to a protrusion 21a protruding from the top end of the ladder 21, or to a step section passed between the handrail members on both sides of the top side of the ladder 21, and then A protrusion protruding from each part of the ladder 21 or each step part of the ladder 21 is hung on the rope 23. For this reason, the ladder 21 is folded in a state balanced with the stretched rope 23, placed on the closed lower lid 12, and housed in the inner cylinder 4. Low lock device 22
A handle 23a is attached to the end of the longer rope 23, and is appropriately placed on the lower lid 12.

In a space 24 formed in a cylindrical shape between the outer cylinder 3 and the inner cylinder 4, a bellows-shaped cylindrical membrane 25 that is vertically expandable and retractable is disposed. Cylindrical membrane body 25
Since the upper end is engaged with the side wall of the outer cylindrical body 3 and the lower free end is in contact with the lower lid 12, the cylindrical membrane body 25 is compressed and housed in the space 24. Therefore, when the lower lid 12 opens downward, the cylindrical membrane body 25 is released from its restriction and extends downward under its own weight.

Furthermore, a plurality of air outlets 26 are arranged at appropriate intervals around the space 24, and an air supply pipe 27
An air supply compressor (not shown) is connected via an on-off valve 28.

Although not shown, when the locking member 16 of the release 15 comes off the hook 18, the release 1
It has the first function of detecting the release signal output by the release signal 5 and simultaneously operating the air supply compressor to open the on-off valve 28, and also has the first function of detecting the release signal output by the release 8 and operating the air supply compressor at the same time as opening the on-off valve 28. A control device is provided which has a second function of closing the on-off valve 28 and stopping the air supply compressor when a stop signal is detected.

Next, how to use this evacuation device and its operation will be explained based on the drawings.

First, in FIG. 1, when the release string 19 is pulled downward and the locking member 16 is removed from the hook 18 by the action of the release lever 17, the lower cover 12 opens at a predetermined speed due to the extension force of the stay damper 14 and is completely opened. When opened, it will be in the state shown in Figure 2. That is, when the lower lid 12 is opened, the ladder 21 housed in the inner cylindrical body 4 rotates downward around the support member 20, and the cylindrical membrane body 25, which had been compressed and housed, is rotated downward due to its own weight. The free end touches the floor. Further, the control device detects the signal output from the release 15 when the locking member 16 is disengaged from the hook 18, starts the air supply compressor, opens the on-off valve 28, and closes the cylindrical membrane 25.
Air is supplied from the air supply port 26 into the space shielded by.

Therefore, in the event of a fire, the cylindrical membrane body 25 blocks the inflow of smoke from the outside, and the air supply port 26
Since the air supplied by the cylindrical membrane body 25 prevents smoke from flowing in, smoke does not flow in from the gap formed between the free end of the cylindrical membrane body 25 and the floor, and fresh air is always kept inside the cylindrical membrane body 25. It is filled.

Next, in FIG. 2, when one end of the hanging rope 23 is pulled downward, the pulling force releases the lock of the release mechanism inside the rope lock device 22, and the rope 23 is now freely pulled. When the ladder 21 is loosened, the folded ladder 21 extends downward due to its own weight, as shown in FIG. When the evacuee climbs the ladder 21 and rotates the handle 10 in a predetermined direction, the locking member 9 is released from the hook 11, and the upper cover 5 is automatically moved upward by the extension force of the stay damper 7, as shown in FIG. Can be opened. The evacuee can then climb the ladder 21 and evacuate to the upper floor. Next, when all the evacuees have completed their evacuation and the top cover 5 is closed again as shown in Figure 3,
The locking member 9 locks on the hook 11, and the control device closes the on-off valve 28 based on a locking signal output by the release 8 at the time of locking, and stops the operation of the air supply compressor.

As described above, according to this embodiment, the upper cover 5 and the lower cover 12 can be opened by a simple operation using a lever or a handle, and the air supply and the cylindrical membrane 25 provide complete smoke protection, and furthermore, an evacuation ladder is provided. 21, and all these operations are performed automatically, making it possible to evacuate extremely easily and quickly.

In this embodiment, the evacuee on the lower floor performs all operations, but the upper lid 5 is designed so that the person on the upper floor can operate the release lever 17 and the handle 10. A small window is provided at one end or a separate release string is attached to the release lever 17, and one end of this release string is pulled out to the upper floor so that both the upper and lower floors cannot operate this evacuation device. If this can be done, safety in the event of a fire can be further improved. Also, connect the rope 23 to the ladder 21
If the protrusion 21a is not tied to the protrusion 21a, but directly tied to the step portion of the ladder 21, the protrusion 21a becomes unnecessary.
Furthermore, it would be even easier if the releases 8, 15 were activated by a detection signal from a fire detector that detects smoke, heat, etc., and the locking members 9, 16 were automatically released from the respective hooks 11, 18. Moreover, it is possible to evacuate quickly.

Furthermore, by juxtaposing the manual operation configuration of this embodiment with the configuration that automatically operates based on a detection signal from a fire detector, safety can be further improved.

(Effects of the invention) As explained above, according to the evacuation device of the present invention, fresh air is introduced into the interior of the cylindrical membrane body serving as an evacuation route. It is possible to completely block smoke from entering the body, and since fresh air is always supplied, the inside of the cylindrical membrane can be cooled, ensuring the safety of evacuees, and it is also possible to keep air inside the cylindrical membrane. Because the air is supplied in such a way that only a small amount of air is required, it has extremely excellent functions such as there is no risk of causing the spread of a fire.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the configuration of the evacuation device according to the present invention, and FIGS. 2, 3, and 4 are explanatory diagrams showing the operation of the evacuation device of FIG. 1. 1: Partition wall, 3: Outer cylinder, 4: Inner cylinder, 2
1: Ladder, 25: Cylindrical membrane body, 26: Air supply port.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] an evacuation exit provided in a partition wall that separates the upper floor and lower floor of the building part to a size that allows evacuees to pass through; A retractable cylindrical membrane body that forms a cylindrical smoke duct that leads to the upper floor through the evacuation exit when stretched to the floor surface of the lower floor, and a hollow space in the cylindrical membrane body that is stretched from the partition wall side. An evacuation device comprising: an air supply means for sending air into the hollow part of the membrane cylinder; and an elevating means arranged in the hollow part of the membrane cylinder and foldable from the partition wall toward the floor of the lower floor.