JPH02240026A - Treatment of ganoderma lucidum - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain essence in spores with a solvent by extracting dried coarse material mass of mushroom of the family Polyporaceae with a solvent, separating the extract, repeating these extraction and separation treatments several times to give essence of main body of Ganoderma lucidum, freezing and grinding the residue into powder. CONSTITUTION:Dried mushroom (Ganoderma lucidum) belonging to the family Polyporaceae is roughly cut or ground to give coarse material mass, soluble components are extracted with a solvent, the essence is separated from the residue, further the residue is subjected to the above-mentioned extraction and separation treatment at least one time to give essence from main body of Ganoderma lucidum. Then the final residue is adjusted to 20-25% water content, frozen and ground to give residue powder having existing spores destroyed but not made into a moxa state. Further the powder is extracted so that essence contained in the spores can be obtained. Essence of main body of Ganoderma lucidum and essence from spores can be obtained in a shorter time than a method of freezing, grinding and extracting the whole Ganoderma lucidum and the essences are separately prepared.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] The present invention relates to a method for treating Ganoderma lucidum.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, in order to utilize the active ingredients contained in mushrooms belonging to the Arunokoshikake family, that is, any Reishi of the Reishi family, the useful ingredients were extracted by cutting the dried product into small pieces and using hot water.
For the extracted product, a centrifuge was used to separate the extracted liquid (extract) and residue, and the desired extract was collected. In this case, in order to dispose of the residue, it was dehydrated to a moisture content of about 5% as much as possible and discarded. In order to utilize the whole body, we first proposed a method of crushing Reishi mushrooms in Patent Publication No. 1466395 (Japanese Patent Publication No. 10135/1983). It is possible to produce reishi powder that does not become moxa-like even when the powder is fine, and at the same time destroys the spores contained in the fine reishi powder, and removes the pharmacological and nutritional components contained therein. The present invention has disclosed an invention in which when the useful ingredients of the human body are ingested, they can be digested and absorbed, making them useful for maintaining and improving health. [Problems to be solved by the invention] Conventionally, the above-mentioned reishi mushrooms were used only as extracts, and the residue was discarded as unnecessary material. It is a significant substance that is attracting attention as a raw material for foods, health drinks, etc. In addition, countless spores containing various components useful to the human body, such as pharmacological components and nutritional components, are adhering to the residue. Therefore, there is a problem in that such residues are disposed of as so-called waste.

On the other hand, according to the method disclosed in the above-mentioned patent, the fibers are made into fine particles by freezing and pulverizing Reishi mushrooms, and when mixed with other powders, they do not form into weeds and produce good blended products and molded products. Since the spores have been destroyed, the nutrients inside can be ingested, and the entire Reishi mushroom can be used. Since the whole Reishi mushroom including the fruiting body is separated and the spores are also separated at the same time, the amount of extract is relatively increased, but on the other hand, it is difficult to separate the entire amount during the separation process. For one thing, it takes a considerable amount of time, and there is a tendency to reduce work efficiency, and in particular, the extract extracted from the spores is obtained mixed with extracts from fruiting bodies, etc. After separating the unique extract components, what? It is extremely disadvantageous to carry out treatments such as a-condensation or separation and purification of specific components contained. In this respect, it is desirable to shorten the time for extracting extract from Ganoderma powder and to be able to easily obtain only the extract mainly from spores. [Means for Solving the Problem] The present invention provides By solving the above problems, it is possible to utilize the entire Reishi mushroom, process it into a form that is advantageous for use without discarding its residue, which was conventionally discarded, and extract from the above-mentioned high quality Reishi powder. It provides a method for processing Reishi mushrooms that is easy to work with and allows only the extract from the spores to be separated.
(a) For the coarse mass obtained by roughly cutting or crushing dried mushrooms belonging to the family Arunodacteriaceae, the soluble components are extracted using a solvent. A separation process is performed to separate a liquid (extract) and a residue, and the remaining liquid is subjected to an extraction process and a separation process at least once, and the final residue has a moisture content of about 20 to 25%. If you adjust the range, the average
(b) The method is characterized in that the residue whose water content has been adjusted as described above is freeze-pulverized to obtain a residue powder.

[For production]

By performing the extract extraction process and separation process multiple times as described above on the coarse mass of dry products of the Reishi mushroom, it is possible to obtain virtually all of the extract contained in the Reishi mushroom body, excluding spores. What can you do?

Next, the moisture content of the final residue is approximately 20 to 2
Since the adjustment is made within the range of 5%, the following (b)
In step (b), the spores are destroyed and the fibers, which are the main part of the Reishi residue, become fine particles, and even when blended with other powders, they do not become moxa-like and are uniform. It is obtained as a reishi powder containing spore extract. Kaichiru Reishi Powder can be used as is for various purposes, but if it is extracted with a solvent, the active ingredients in the spores can be extracted, and the Reishi itself can be extracted first. Since the extraction of the extract has already been completed, it is advantageous that an extract consisting mainly of spores can be obtained separately and in a short time. [Example] Next, an example of the present invention will be described.

It is made from mushrooms belonging to the Arunokoshikake family, but all types of reishi can be used as raw materials, including red reishi, Kainan reishi, and #reishi. For example, the raw material is dried Red Reishi mushroom with a water content of about 10%. Roughly cut or crush the dry product. Generally, the coarse material is ground into pea-sized pieces using a grinder, and then, for example, 1 kg of the coarse material is put into a heating container, and 200 g of water is poured into it.
Add Jl and heat, and extract water-soluble components with hot water at 90-95°C for 2 hours. Centrifuge this extract with
The extract is separated into an extract and a residue using an IFT machine. In this case, extract as much extract as possible by centrifuging vigorously. Next, the residue with a moisture content of about 5% thus obtained is placed in the container,
Add 20j of water in the same manner as above and heat to 90-95
Extract with hot water at ℃ for 2 hours, and then separate the extracted product into extract and residue using a centrifuge. Generally, the residue is subjected to extraction and separation processing once again in the same manner as described above. In this way, a residue from which most of the extract has been removed is obtained. In this case, conventionally, this final residue was discarded as an unnecessary material consisting only of fibers, so in the final centrifugation, as much water as possible was removed.
It was dehydrated to a moisture content of around 5% and disposed of. However, since most of this residue consists of fibers, it is desirable to be able to effectively utilize it as a dietary food. Furthermore, the fibers contain countless spores that contain useful ingredients such as medicinal and nutritious ingredients that are present and attached to the fruiting body of Reishi, so it is problematic to dispose of them. ．． It is desirable to pay attention to the fact that the spores grow back, and to destroy these spores so that the useful components inside can be utilized. Therefore, in the present invention, after extracting and fractionating the extract from the main tree of Reishi, in order to utilize the residue that was conventionally discarded, the present invention aims to reduce the water content from approximately 5 to 50%, which would have conventionally been discarded. After adding water to about 10% of the residue to raise the water content to within the range of about 20-25%, the following will apply the pulverization method presented in the previous patent invention to the residue, and is applied to a freeze crusher. For example, use liquefied nitrogen gas to cool the residue to -150°C or lower, for example -1
It was frozen at 80°C and then ground using a pulverizer. In this way, the fibers forming the residue became fine particles and countless spores were destroyed, making it possible for the active ingredients inside to be easily extracted by subsequent extraction with a solvent. The residual wood powder obtained by this freeze-pulverization is then dried in a hot air dryer to form a dry powder with a moisture content of about 8 to 10%.
Seal the specified amount in a packaging container.

This invention! ! i-Residue powder can be used as it is by ingesting it through a mouthful to maintain health, or mixed with various food processing raw material powders such as flour and starch to prevent it from forming moxa-like pilling. According to the present invention, the residual powder is then subjected to an extract extraction process as detailed below. It is possible to fractionate a product mainly consisting of extracts from citrus and citron in a short period of time, and the residual powder from which the extract has been removed can be used for dietary foods, etc. In addition, the extract from the Reishi mushroom body obtained through the above-mentioned multiple extraction processes is combined and concentrated, for example, to a concentration of 1.81, and the concentrated liquid is used for drinking or as an ingredient in other beverages. It is no different from the conventional method that the concentrate is added and used as a dry extract, and if necessary, the concentrate is jet-dried to produce a product as a dry extract.

Further, according to the present invention, since the residual powder obtained by freeze-pulverization as described above contains countless spores destroyed as described above, for example, 1 kt of the residual powder is placed in a heating container. Add about 10 J of water to it, heat it, and perform extraction treatment with hot water at 90 to 95°C for about 10 hours while stirring if necessary. In such cases, all water-soluble components in the spores can be easily extracted. Next, by centrifuging this extracted product, an extract mainly from spores can be easily obtained. On the other hand, the residual powder from which the extract has been removed is used as a dietary food, etc., as mentioned above. The residual substance obtained by freeze-pulverization is treated separately from the extraction of the extract from the Reishi mushroom itself, since the extract from the Reishi mushroom body has already been substantially removed in the previous extract extraction process. It is possible to extract only the extract from the spores, and the extraction time is shortened as it does not include the extract from the Reishi itself, making the work easier.
The extract from the spores can be used as an extract from Reishi mushrooms, and it is easy to shrink and can be used for specific purposes as a spore extract. In addition, if necessary, it is possible to easily and efficiently purify and separate specific active ingredients therein. In addition, in the extract extraction process from the body of Ganoderma and from the spores, water may be used instead of the water solvent. Depending on the purpose, a desired organic solvent such as alcohol or ether can be used. Again, 3! In addition to separating the extract from the grass itself, it goes without saying that any separation device such as a centrifuge, vacuum suction device, or compressor can be used to separate the spore extract. Furthermore, according to the present invention, when the moisture content of the final residue is adjusted to a range of about 20 to 25% during extract extraction from the body of Reishi, as mentioned above, the moisture content is 5 to 1%.
Adjusting 0% by adding water is cumbersome and tends to reduce production efficiency. Therefore, according to the preferred method of the present invention, in order to separate as much of the extracted extract as possible when performing extract separation operations multiple times, strong centrifugation is used at the beginning and during the separation, or strong vacuum is used instead. Separation is performed using separation equipment such as suction and compression, but in the final separation process, which contains almost no extract, the intensity of centrifugation, vacuum suction, and compression is suppressed to ensure that the water content is approximately 20 to 25%. It is practically preferable to control f so that it remains within the range of , so that the next freeze-grinding process can be performed immediately after the final separation process. As a specific example, when extracting the extract from the body of Reishi, if a total of three centrifugal separation processes are performed, the centrifugation shown in Figures 1 and 2 will remove a residue with a water content of approximately 5%. However, in the final separation process by centrifugation, the centrifugation is suppressed and the
By controlling the separation process so that a residue with a moisture content of 25% is obtained, the unobtained residue can be transferred to the next freeze-grinding process to continuously produce a residue powder. In this case, the separation device can be changed to other types as appropriate. That is, for example, the final separation process can be changed to vacuum suction. [Effect of the invention] As described above, according to the present invention, the dried reishi product fll41
By performing the extraction process and extract separation process on the soluble component extraction process using a solvent multiple times for the i1 mass, it was possible to obtain the extract from the Reishi mushroom body, and the final extract was removed. When adjusting the moisture content of the residue to about 20 to 25%, the next freeze-grinding process can be carried out, and especially when this adjustment is carried out in the final extraction process by controlling the separator, it can be immediately followed by freezing. Grinding processing can be performed. Thus, when the residue having a specified moisture content is freeze-pulverized, a powder residue is obtained that does not become moxa-like and does not destroy the spores mixed therein.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1 (a) A coarse mass obtained by coarsely cutting or crushing dried mushrooms belonging to the family Acerinosectaceae, which is obtained by extracting soluble components with a solvent. The extracted product is subjected to a separation process to separate it into an extract liquid (extract) and a residue, and the residue is further subjected to an extraction process and a separation process at least once, and the final residue is reduced in water content to approximately and (b) freezing and crushing the residue whose water content has been adjusted as described above to obtain a residue powder. Processing method. 2. The method for treating Ganoderma lucidum according to claim 1, characterized in that in the final separation treatment, the moisture content of the residue is adjusted to a range of about 20 to 25% using a separation device. 3. Ganoderma lucidum, which is characterized in that a solvent is added to the residual powder obtained by the treatment method according to claim 1, and the soluble components contained in the countless destroyed spores mixed therein are extracted. processing method.