JPH0218156B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to a method for treating human waste without dilution or discharge. As is well known, human waste should originally be treated in public sewage treatment plants along with other wastewater, but home septic tanks have become quite popular as a method for treating human waste. However, there is still a huge amount of waste that depends on the old method of pumping (and recently, using pump trucks). This collected human waste is converted into fertilizer (5
% or less), ocean dumping (approximately 20%), human waste treatment facilities (including household septic tanks) (60%), and others (more than 10%); ) is a sanitary problem, and its inflow into the ocean can cause red tide, which is a source of trouble. The human waste delivered to the treatment plant is screened to remove coarse impurities, digested in a digestion tank at 30-37℃ for approximately 30 days, and the BOD (biochemical oxygen demand) of the desorbed liquid is diluted appropriately. The water is adjusted, treated aerobically on a spray bed, sterilized with chlorine, and then released. In addition, the methane gas generated at this time is currently used as fuel, and the digested sludge is used as fertilizer after being dehydrated, resulting in huge equipment costs and maintenance costs. In the present invention, raw human waste is separated into impurities and a desorbed liquid in a pretreatment process, and the desorbed liquid is processed in a non-dilution biological treatment device via an aerobic or anaerobic digestion process. The excess sludge generated in this biological treatment process is concentrated and
After dehydration, the dehydrated liquid is returned to the biological treatment device and treated together with the dehydrated liquid. The surplus sludge generated here is converted into solid fuel and incinerated, while the thermal energy of the combustion gas generated at this time is used to generate saturated steam, and the treated water of the desorbed liquid is pressurized using the steam. NaCl, which is vaporized and condensed by the evaporation method and contained in the treated water,
(NH ₄ ) ₂ SO ₄ is extracted as a crystal, and the remaining harmless treated water is subjected to natural reduction treatment through natural evaporation and soil infiltration using the evaporation diffusion method, and the odor generated in each device is eliminated. High temperature (850℃) inside the furnace as combustion air in the incineration process
In addition to oxidation treatment, we also apply adsorption treatment using activated carbon or the like to make the material non-polluting and to provide a method for processing and disposing it at low cost. Since the above treatment method is non-dilution biological treatment,
The treated water itself can be treated in the same amount as it is, which can significantly reduce equipment space and costs, as well as provide a similar effect in terms of running costs. Unlike the dilution adjustment and discharge method used in conventional treatment methods, the method of the present invention not only vaporizes and condenses treated water, but also extracts NaCl and (NH ₄ ) ₂ SO ₄ contained in the treated water as crystals. The gist of the invention is to allow a non-polluting substance to naturally evaporate into the atmosphere and permeate into the soil, thereby completely preventing the destruction of nature. The present invention will be explained by way of examples using process diagrams and tables. Table 1 is a flow diagram of the steps of the method of the present invention, and Table 2 shows the verified values for the drainage of each section.

[Table] The method of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings below. FIG. 1 is a first system diagram showing the concept of non-dilution biological treatment of the present invention, FIG. The figure is a third system diagram showing the concept of pressurized evaporation treatment and evaporation diffusion treatment of desorbed liquid-treated water of the present invention. First, raw human waste a is carried into a receiving tank 2 via a sedimentation tank 1 as a pretreatment. The impurities in the imported raw human waste are transferred to the pump crusher 3 for crushing, and the crushed impurities are sent to the storage bunker 25 via the rotary drum screen 4 and the screw press 5. The separated liquid b, which has been temporarily stored in the raw human waste and separated from the impurities in the raw human waste, is stored in a storage tank 6 together with the separated liquid generated in the rotary drum screen 4 and the screw press 5, and sequentially enters the digestion process. After the desorbed liquid b is transferred to the digestion tank 7, it is left there for 48 hours. The digested solution is transferred to the non-dilution biological treatment equipment 8.
The desorbed liquid was treated for 72 hours and transferred to the first desorption tank 9 by overflow, and after being treated for 48 hours, the desorbed liquid was further transferred to the first settling tank 10 by overflow, and the sludge in the desorbed liquid was After time treatment and separation, the desorbed liquid is transferred to the first digestion tank 11 as an overflow. The sludge separated here is pumped up and transferred to the sludge receiving tank 15. After 48 hours of treatment in the first digestion tank 11, the denitrified liquid is transferred to the second denitrification tank 12 by overflow, and after 24 hours of treatment, the denitrified liquid is transferred to the second denitrification tank 12 by overflow.
It is transferred in a digestion tank 13. After 24 hours of treatment, it is transferred to the second settling tank 14 due to overflow, and after 12 hours of treatment, it is separated into desorbed liquid and sludge, and the sludge is pumped up and returned to the second denitrification tank 12 to be recycled again. It is processed. Further, the desorbed liquid separated here is pumped up and transferred to the liquid tank 42. On the other hand, the sludge c carried into the sludge receiving tank 15 is transferred to an air diffuser pipe 16 provided at the bottom of the receiving tank 15.
The sludge is appropriately stirred with air d. This sludge is pumped up and transferred to the thickening tank 17. A screen 18 is provided above the thickening tank 17 to separate the sludge and the desorbed liquid e, and the desorbed liquid e is pumped up and returned to the first digestion tank 11. In addition, the separated sludge contains dehydration aid f, (combustion ash or pulverized coal,
(wood flour, etc.) and polymer condensing agent g are mixed and transported to the sludge tank 19. An air diffuser pipe 20 is provided at the bottom of the sludge tank 19, and the sludge is appropriately agitated with air d, and the sludge is pumped up and transferred to the concentration separator tank 21. A screen 22 is provided at the top of this tank 21 to separate the desorbed liquid e and sludge, and the desorbed liquid e is pumped up to the first
It is returned to the digestion tank 11. The above sludge is removed from the dehydrator 23.
The sludge is strongly dehydrated, the moisture content of the sludge is reduced to 50%, and the sludge is separated into desorbed liquid e and sludge. This desorbed liquid e is pumped up into the first digestion tank 1.
The separated sludge is transported and stored in a storage bunker 25 by a transport conveyor 24. A metering feed cutter 26 is installed at the bottom of the bunker 25, and the sludge is cut out and fed in a metered manner, and then conveyed to the metering feeder 27 by a conveyor (not shown).As shown in FIG. By charging it into the bed incinerator 28, it can be dried and burned instantly. A paddle feeder 29 is provided at the bottom of the incinerator 28 to transport silica sand and clinker, which are fluid heat transfer media, out of the furnace, and a turbulent separator 30 separates the silica sand and clinker. This silica sand is returned to the furnace one by one, and the clinker is transported by a conveyor (not shown).
The residue is transported and stored in a residue bunker (not shown).
The waste gas containing most of the combustion ash is collected from the combustion waste gas outlet provided at the upper part of the incinerator 28 through a mechanical dust collector 31.
At this point, the combustion ash in the exhaust gas is separated by a vortex flow, and the ash is carried out from an outlet provided at the bottom of the dust collector 31 and used as a dehydration aid or soil conditioner for farmland, etc. In addition, exhaust gas (450℃) is passed through the overflow separator 30.
are attracted to the washing tower 37. The exhaust gas separated from the combustion ash is attracted to the heat medium flow preheater 32 and the combustion air preheater 33, and the thermal energy of the high temperature exhaust gas is used to supply the room temperature air h containing odor to the preheaters 32 and 33, respectively. Forced air blower for flow 34
The heat is exchanged with the combustion forced air blower 35, and the air is supplied to each location where it is used. Above air preheater 3
The high-temperature exhaust gas that has passed through 3 is led to the waste heat boiler 36, and the heat energy in the exhaust gas is used to heat the water to be supplied to water vapor, which is then transferred to the steam heater 49 of the pressurized evaporator as shown in FIG. Pour liquid into
The drain k that has been heat exchanged here is pumped up and sent to the drain tank 59.
will be transferred to. The exhaust gas that has passed through the waste heat boiler 36 is sent to the cleaning tower 3
7, which washes and absorbs dust, sulfur oxides, hydrogen chloride, and other substances that may cause secondary pollution in the exhaust gas, and makes the washing water slightly alkaline to circulate tank 38.
Water is stored in the water and circulated while supplying only the evaporated water. The drawn sludge c whose SS (suspended solids) concentration has been adjusted is pumped up and returned to the sludge receiving tank 15. Further, the exhaust gas that has passed through the cleaning tower 37 passes through an induced draft fan 39 and is discharged into the atmosphere from a chimney 40. When the amount of steam generated in the waste heat boiler 36 is insufficient or at the time of start-up, a boiler 41 is provided to exchange heat with the feed water i and send it to the steam heater 49, where it is used as energy for vaporizing liquid j. The liquid stored in the liquid tank 42 is pumped up by the liquid supply pump 43 and returned while passing through the preheater 44 and exchanged heat with the drain k to become hot water at around 90°C.The liquid is then pumped up by the steam circulation pump 45 and heated. It is sent to a vessel 46 and further guided to an evaporator 47. The liquid thus turned into hot water is pumped up by a steam circulation pump 45 and circulated between a heater 46 and an evaporator 47. Further, the evaporator 47 is provided with a steam outlet, a circulation port, and an extraction port, and after the liquid is pumped up from the extraction port by the crystal can circulation pump 48, it is heat exchanged via the steam heater 49, and the liquid is transferred to the crystal can 50.
sent to. The crystal can 50 is provided with a steam outlet, a circulation port, and an extraction port, and the liquid from the circulation port is pumped up by the crystal can circulation pump 48 and circulated between the steam heater 49 and the crystal can 50. After pumping up the liquid from the outlet of the crystal can 50 with the crystal can extraction pump 51, the cyclone 5
2, the liquid is separated into a liquid and a crystal by vortex flow, and the liquid is sent to a crystal tank circulation pump 48 and then to a steam heater 4.
9 and the crystal can 50. The crystals are transported to a crystal separator 53, where the liquid in the crystals is separated, and the crystals are stored in a crystal bunker 54 by a transporter (not shown) and then sequentially transported out. In addition, the liquid is stored in a mother liquor receiving tank 55, pumped up by a mother liquor return pump 56, and then sent to a crystal can circulation pump 48 to a steam heater 49 and a crystal can 50.
It circulates between The steam generated in the evaporator can 47 and the crystallizer can 50 is transferred from the steam outlet to the mist separator 5.
7, suctioned and compressed by a vapor compressor 58,
The steam is converted into steam at about 120°C and heat exchanged via the heater 46 and preheater 44, and heated water at 30 to 40°C is stored in the drain tank 59. After that, it is pumped up by the drain extraction pump 60 and transferred to the evaporation diffusion device 61. Natural evaporation into the atmosphere and infiltration into the soil are performed without any release. Regarding odor, when the sludge solid fuel is incinerated, high-temperature oxidation treatment is performed in the incinerator 28, while the odor is also subjected to adsorption treatment using activated carbon in the deodorizing device 62, and then released into the atmosphere. Waste heat boiler 36 and boiler 4
The steam generated in step 1 is used only at the time of starting the plant and does not need to be used normally, so the method of the present invention can be called an energy-saving system. As mentioned above, the non-diluting, non-discharging human waste treatment method of the present invention is extremely efficient, and is also extremely superior in that it not only saves ordinary expenses but also significantly reduces labor costs compared to conventional treatment methods. Another major advantage is that the amount of land required for the factory is extremely small.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a first system diagram showing the concept of the non-dilution, non-discharge human waste treatment method of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a system diagram showing the second system, and Fig. 3 is a system diagram showing the third system. It is. 1...Sand settling tank, 2...Receiving tank, 3...Pump type crusher, 4...Rotary drum screen, 5...Screw press, 6...Storage tank, 7
... Digestion tank, 8 ... Non-dilution biological treatment device, 9 ...
1st denitrification tank, 10...1st sedimentation tank, 11...1st
Digestion tank, 12...Second denitrification tank, 13...Second digestion tank, 14...Second sedimentation tank, 15...Sludge receiving tank,
16... Air diffuser pipe, 17... Concentrator tank, 18...
Screen, 19...Sludge tank, 20...Air diffuser pipe, 21...Concentration separation tank, 22...Screen,
23... Dehydrator, 24... Conveyor, 25
...Storage bunker, 26...Quantitative supply cutting machine, 27...Quantitative feeder, 28...Swirling fluidized bed incinerator, 29...Paddle feeder, 30...
... Eddy current separator, 31 ... Mechanical dust collector, 32 ...
Flowing air preheater, 33... Combustion air preheater,
34... forced air blower for fluidization, 35... forced air blower for combustion, 36... waste heat boiler, 37... washing tower, 38... circulation tank, 39... induced exhaust fan, 40
... Chimney, 41 ... Boiler, 42 ... Liquid tank,
43...Liquid supply pump, 44...Preheater, 45
...Steam circulation pump, 46...Heater, 47...
Evaporator, 48... Crystal can circulation pump, 49... Steam heater, 50... Crystal can, 51... Crystal can extraction pump, 52... Cyclone, 53... Crystal material separator, 54... Crystal material Bunker, 55...mother liquor receiving tank, 56...mother liquor return pump, 57...mist separator, 58...vapor compressor, 59...
Drain tank, 60...Drain extraction pump, 61
... vapor diffusion device, 62 ... deodorizing device, a ... raw human waste, b ... desorption liquid, c ... sludge, d ... air,
e...Desorption liquid, f...Dehydration aid, g...Polymer flocculant, h...Room temperature air containing odor, i...Water supply, j...Liquid, k...Drain, l... washing water,
m...soil, n...atmosphere, o...impurities, p...
Pump, q... clinker, r... combustion ash.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Separate raw human waste into impurities and desorbed liquid through pretreatment, and use the aerobic or anaerobic digestion process to treat the desorbed liquid with undiluted biological treatment. After concentrating and dewatering the surplus sludge, the liquid is The sludge is returned to the biological treatment device and treated together with the desorbed liquid, and the sludge generated here is turned into solid fuel. Using thermal energy (saturated steam) to vaporize and condense the treated water treated with the biological treatment equipment above using a pressurized evaporation method, this water is treated with no discharge using an evaporation diffusion method, and the odor generated during the process is eliminated. A non-dilutive, non-discharged human waste treatment method characterized by collecting and removing it by high-temperature oxidation or adsorption treatment.