JPH02179688A - Musical sound signal generating device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To generate musical sounds approximating those of a natural musical instrument by subjecting tone color designating information and amplitude information to prescribed operation and switching a musical sound signal waveform in accordance with waveform classification designating information corresponding to the operation. CONSTITUTION:A key-on signal KON from a key depression detecting part 2 and an envelope parameter EP from a tone color parameter generating part 4 are inputted to an envelope generator 5, and this generator 5 outputs envelope data EL. An amplitude corresponding information generating part 7 discriminates the amplitude level of data EL to output amplitude corresponding data EW indicating the division of the amplitude level. An operating circuit 8 converts data EW to waveform change data MES in accordance with a prescribed conversion rule corresponding to conversion control data EM from the generating part 4. Thus, correspondence relations between the amplitude level and the signal waveform are switched in accordance with each tone color, and musical sounds approximating those of a natural musical instrument are generated.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION "Field of Industrial Application" The present invention relates to a musical tone signal generating device suitable for use in electronic musical instruments and the like.

"Prior Art" In the field of electronic musical instruments, there is a problem in how to generate sounds close to those of natural musical instruments. It is generally known that in natural musical instruments, the timbre changes in response to changes in amplitude at the rise and fall of a sound. Accordingly, electronic musical instruments have been developed in which the signal waveform is changed at the rise and fall of a musical tone signal. In order to realize this, a plurality of sound sources, which are holes in the signal waveform, a gate circuit corresponding to each sound source, and a circuit for detecting the level of the envelope waveform of the musical tone signal to be generated are provided. There is known a musical tone signal generating device that selectively outputs the signal of the tone source by making the gate circuit conductive in accordance with the classification. Note that this type of musical tone signal generating device was published in
It is explained in detail in the publication No.-16440.

``Problem to be Solved by the Invention'' By the way, the conventional musical tone signal generating device described above requires a plurality of sound sources and gate circuits corresponding to the level changes for each tone, and can generate many types of tone. When attempting to realize this, there was a problem in that the circuit would have to be large-scale.

The present invention was made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a musical tone signal generating device capable of generating musical tones close to those of natural musical instruments, and which requires a circuit even when there are many types of tones. The purpose is to realize a musical tone signal generation device without increasing the scale.

``Means for Solving the Problems'' The present invention provides a musical tone signal generating device which selects and generates musical tone signals of a plurality of types of waveforms, and which outputs amplitude information corresponding to the amplitude level of the generated musical tone signals. amplitude information generating means; calculating means for performing a predetermined calculation on the amplitude information and timbre designation information and outputting waveform designation information corresponding to the result of the calculation; It is characterized by comprising a musical tone signal generating means for generating a musical tone signal.

"Operation" According to the above configuration, when a musical tone signal is generated, amplitude information indicating the amplitude level of the musical tone signal is sequentially generated by the amplitude information generating means. Then, in the calculation means, a predetermined calculation is performed on the timbre designation information and the amplitude information, and waveform type designation information corresponding to the calculation result is output. Then, in the musical tone signal generation means, the musical tone signal waveform is switched according to this waveform type designation information. Therefore, the tone color changes in accordance with the amplitude level, and a musical tone similar to that of a natural musical instrument is generated.

"Embodiment" Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a musical tone signal generating device according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, ■ indicates a plurality of keys provided on the electronic musical instrument.

In addition, 2 is a key press detection unit, and when key l is pressed by the performance sound, the key code KC of that key and the key are turned on.
A key-on signal KON indicating the state is output.

Reference numeral 3 denotes a timbre selection section, which detects the state of a timbre operator provided on the panel surface of the electronic musical instrument and outputs timbre data corresponding to the state.

4 is a timbre parameter generating section. This timbre parameter generation section 4 is manually inputted with the timbre data outputted from the timbre selection section 3 and the key code KC outputted from the key press detection section 2, and the data wp%EM is generated.

EP and TL are output.

Here, WP is data specifying the number of the reference waveform of the musical tone signal to be output. Further, EM is conversion control data. Note that this data EM will be described later. EP
is an envelope parameter that specifies the shape of the envelope waveform (envelope waveform of the amplitude of the musical tone signal during the period from sound generation to mute). Further, TL is total level data specifying the maximum level of the generated musical tone signal.

5 is an envelope generator, which generates a key-on signal K
ON and envelope parameters EP are input, and envelope data EL indicating each instantaneous value of an envelope waveform corresponding to these is sequentially output. This envelope data EL is normalized so that the maximum level is rlJ regardless of the tone color. A multiplication circuit 6 multiplies the envelope data EL and the total level data TI7, and outputs scaled envelope data ELS that has been scaled to the maximum level for each timbre.

Reference numeral 7 denotes an amplitude corresponding data generating section, which determines the amplitude level of the envelope data EL and outputs amplitude corresponding data EW indicating the classification of the amplitude levels. As mentioned above, the maximum value of envelope data EL for all tones is rlJ.
Since it is normalized so that the amplitude corresponding data generating section 7 has no need to change the amplitude determination level for each timbre, it can be realized with a simple circuit configuration. 8
is a conversion circuit. This conversion circuit 8 converts the amplitude corresponding data EW into waveform modification data MES according to the conversion rule corresponding to the conversion control data EM described above. By doing so, the musical tone signal generating device of the present invention is able to switch the correspondence between the amplitude level and the signal waveform in accordance with each tone color.

Reference numeral 9 denotes an arithmetic unit which performs predetermined arithmetic operations on the reference signal waveform data WP and the waveform modification data MES, and outputs the arithmetic results as waveform number data WD. IO is a musical tone signal generator, which generates sound source data S corresponding to the key code KC.
Output KC. Further, the waveform type specifying unit]1 switches the waveform of the musical tone signal generating unit IO according to the waveform number data WD.

As is clear from the explanation so far, the waveform number data WD
is switched in accordance with the amplitude level of the envelope waveform, so the sound source data SKC of the musical tone signal generator 10 is
The waveform is switched depending on the amplitude level. and,
Multiplication processing of the sound source data SKC and the scaled envelope data ELS is performed by the envelope adding circuit 12, and musical tone signal data 5SKC is output.

This data 5SKC is converted into an analog signal by a D/A (digital/analog) converter I3, and the sound nostem 14 generates a musical tone based on this analog signal.

FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing a specific circuit example of a portion 20 surrounded by a dashed line in FIG. Reference numeral 21 denotes an address signal generation circuit, which includes an address counter therein. This address counter is given a key code KC as a frequency division ratio, and counts the internal clock φ. Then, the upper 4 bits of the address counter are output as address data ADR. Therefore, the repetition period of address data ADR corresponds to key code KC. Note that this address signal generating circuit 21 is not limited to one using the address counter as described above, but may be one that sequentially cumulatively adds predetermined data corresponding to the key code KC in synchronization with the internal clock φ. It can be anything.

Reference numeral 22 denotes a decoder which outputs the lower three bits of the address data ADR as manual data, and among the outputs of the 0th bit to the 7th bit, the bit output corresponding to the manual data becomes "L". 22a to 22" are OR gates, respectively, and perform an OR operation on the output data of the decoder 22. To provide a supplementary explanation of the notation in this figure, for example, the OR gate 22
It is shown that the second, fourth and sixth bit outputs of the decoder 22 are input to a. Other OR gate 2
The same applies to 2b to 22f.

23 is a decoder having the same circuit configuration as 22, and waveform number data WD is supplied as input data. In addition,
A circuit that generates this waveform number data WD will be described later. 23a to 23r are AND gates, which perform an OR operation with each bit output of the decoder 23 and an AND operation with the gates 22a to 22f.

Then, each output of the AND gates 23a to 23f is inputted to an OR gate 24. On the other hand, the OR gate 24 receives not only the 0th bit output of the decoder 23 directly but also the 0th bit output of the decoder 22. The output of the OR gate 24 is then input to an AND gate 25. Here, the most significant bit of the address data ADR is inverted by an inverter 26 and inputted to the other input terminal of the AND gate 25. Then, the AND gate 25 outputs the sound source data SKC.

Each of the sections described above corresponds to the musical tone signal generating section IO and the waveform type specifying section 11 of FIG. 1 described above. The operation will be explained below. First, when the waveform number data WD is "0", the 0th bit output h<I" of the decoder 23, so the output of the OR gate 24 is set to "1". Then,
The most significant bit data of address data ADR is outputted as sound source data SKC via inverter 26 and AND gate 25. FIG. 3 shows one cycle of sound source data SKC for each waveform number data WD.

As is clear from the above explanation, the waveform number data WD is “
In the case of "0", the SKC is "0" in the first half period (the period indicated as "0" to "7") as shown in Figure 3(a).
SKC becomes 0'' in the second half period (period shown as '8'' to '15'').

Next, if the waveform number data WD is "4", the decoder 2
The 0th to 3rd bit outputs and the 5th to 7th bit outputs of the decoder 22 become "0", and the outputs of the AND gates 23a to 23' all become "0". Therefore, only the 0th bit output of the decoder 22 becomes "0". It is supplied to the AND gate 25 via the OR gate 24. As a result, as shown in FIG. 3(e), the sound source data SKC is "1" only during the period '0'. Note that in the latter half of the i period (“8 to 15”), the output of the inverter 26 is “0”, so the data SKC is “0”.
It becomes 0°.

Next, if the waveform number data WD is "7", the decoder 2
Since the 7th bit output of 3 becomes “1”, OR gate 2
2a is selected and output from AND gate 23a. Then, the 0th bit output of the decoder 22 and the AN
The output of the D gate 23a is connected to the AN via the OR gate 24.
The signal is supplied to the D gate 25. Therefore, AND gate 25
, in the first half of one cycle, the 0th
1, the second, fourth, and sixth bit outputs are output, and the sound source data SKC is divided into periods “0” and “2” as shown in FIG. 3(h).
In the second half of one cycle (period "8" to "15"), the output of the inverter 26 becomes "0°", so SKC becomes "0". Become. Note that the waveform number data WD is rlJ, "2", "3"
, "5", and "6", the same operation as above is obtained, and the sound source data SKC is as shown in FIGS. 3(b), (c), (
The products shown in d), (f), and (g) are obtained.

In FIG. 2, 27 is a gate circuit, which corresponds to the envelope applying section 12 in FIG. This gate circuit 27
is supplied with sound source data SKC as an enable signal. Then, when the data SKC is "1", the gate circuit 27 is enabled and the scaled envelope data ELS or musical tone signal data 5SKC is output.

In this way, the timing of 0N10FF is according to the sound source data SKC, and the amplitude level when ON is according to the musical tone signal data 5 according to the scaled envelope data ELS.
SKC is obtained and supplied to the subsequent D/A converter 13 (FIG. 1).

Reference numeral 28 denotes a level detection section, which determines the magnitude of envelope data EL output from the envelope generator 5 (FIG. 1), and outputs determination data ELa.

Output ELb. Here, the relationship between the envelope data EL and the determination data ELa, ELb is as shown in Table 1.

Table 1 Envelope Data Criteria Judgment data ELa and ELb are input to OR gates 29 and 30, respectively. Further, an envelope generator 5 is connected to the other input terminal of the OR gates 29 and 30.
State data STD is supplied from the state control unit 5S inside. Data EGo and EC are output from OR gates 29 and 30. These data EG o and EC constitute amplitude corresponding data EW.

Here, with reference to FIG. 4, state control in the present musical tone signal generation device will be explained. In FIG. 4, the solid line waveform represents a sustained envelope, and the broken line waveform represents a percussive envelope.

In this musical tone signal generator, the period from the key-on point (indicated as "KON") until the envelope rises is the first period.
state (indicated as “ST+”), the period from the end of the first state until the envelope settles to a predetermined level is the second state (indicated as “Sr1”), and the period from the end of the second state to the key-off point (indicated as “KOF”). The period up to (shown in the figure) is divided into a third state (shown as "Sr1"), and the period of the key-off state is called a fourth state (shown as "STO"). In this musical tone signal generating device, control information is sent from the state control section 5S to each section, and each section performs an operation corresponding to the state classification.

The state data STD is "0" only in the first state, and "1" in the pond state. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, the amplitude corresponding data EW is "0" and rlJ corresponding to the amplitude level of the envelope data only in the first state.
, "2", but after the second state, it is fixed at "3" even if the amplitude level of the envelope data changes.

Next, 31 is a decoder which converts the conversion control data EM into manual data. Also, 31a to 31c are each ANDOR
It is a gate, and each output of the decoder 3 and amplitude corresponding data EW are inputted thereto. These ANDOR gates 31a to 31c convert the amplitude corresponding data EW (0th bit - EC, 1st bit = EG) into waveform modification data MES. Here, this data conversion operation is switched in accordance with the conversion control data EM.

That is, when the conversion control data EM is "0", the first to third bit outputs of the decoder 31 are "0", so the waveform change data MES is A regardless of the amplitude corresponding data EW.
LL becomes “0”. Next, the conversion control data EM is rlJ
In this case, the first bit of the decoder 31 becomes "l". Therefore, data EC, is outputted as the 0th bit data of the waveform change data MES via the ANDOR gate 31a, and data EG, is outputted as the 1st bit data of the waveform change data MES via the ANDOR gate 31b. . At this time, "0" is output as the second bit data. Next, if the conversion control data EM is "2",
Data EG, is output as 0th bit data via ANDOR gate 31a, and data EC, is output as A.
It is output as second bit data via the NDOR gate 31c. Furthermore, "0" is output as the first bit data. Next, when the conversion control data EM is "3", the data EG is used as the first bit data, and the data E
C, is output as the second bit data, and "0" is output as the 0th bit data.

32 is a 3-bit full adder. The adder 32 adds the waveform change data MES and the reference waveform number data WP, and supplies the addition result to the decoder 23 described above as the waveform number data WD. Note that "0" is given to the carry-in input CI of the full adder 32. As described above, the waveform modification data M E S is switched corresponding to the conversion control data EM and the amplitude corresponding data EW. Therefore, the waveform number data WD shown in FIG. 5 is obtained.

The operation of the present musical tone signal generating device will be explained below.

Here, an example will be explained in which the reference waveform number data WP is "2" and the conversion control data EM is rlJ.

In FIG. 1, when any of the keys 1 is pressed, a key code KC and a key-on signal KON are output from the key press detection section 2.
is output. As a result, the tone signal generating section 10 generates sound source data corresponding to the key code KC. Further, the envelope generator 5 generates envelope data EL, and the state control section 5S (FIG. 2) generates state data STD.

In FIG. 2, the envelope data EL is determined by the level detection section 28, and the determination data ELa1ELb
is output, and amplitude corresponding data EW is output from OR gates 29 and 30. And ANDOR gate 31
a to 31c and the full adder 32 calculate waveform number data WD corresponding to the amplitude corresponding data EW. Then, the waveform number data WD is decoded by the decoder 23, and according to this decoded signal, FIGS.
One of the corresponding waveforms shown in h) is selected, and A
It is output from the ND gate 25 as sound source data SKC.

That is, in the first state, the amplitude corresponding data EW
When is "0", the waveform number data WD becomes "2" according to the calculation shown in FIG. As a result, what is shown in FIG. 3(c) is output as sound source data SKC. Next, when the amplitude corresponding data EW becomes rlJ, the waveform number data WD becomes "3", and the sound source data S shown in FIG.
Output as KC.

Then, when the amplitude corresponding data EW becomes "2", the waveform number data WD becomes "4", and what is shown in FIG. 3(e) is output as the sound source data SKC. When the second state is entered, the amplitude corresponding data EW is thereafter set to "3" regardless of the amplitude of the envelope data EL. Therefore,
The waveform number data WD will be "5" from now on, as shown in Fig. 3(f).
The data shown in is output as sound source data SKC.

In this way, the sound source data SKC is switched in accordance with the amplitude of the envelope. Then, an envelope is applied to the sound source data SKC by the gate circuit 27, and musical tone signal data S S, K C are output. This musical tone signal data 5SKC is then D/A converted and sent to the sound system 14 (FIG. 1), where a musical tone is generated.

In this manner, in the present musical tone signal generating device, a musical tone whose timbre changes in accordance with the amplitude of the signal can be obtained only in the first state of the envelope.

Note that in the embodiment described above, the waveform switching corresponding to the amplitude change of the envelope is performed only in the first period (first state) of the attack part, but it can be applied to the entire period or some other periods. Waveform switching may also be performed. Further, in the embodiment, a case has been described in which a pulse waveform sound source is used, but any type of sound source may be used. In addition, in the embodiment, the conversion control data EM allows
Although waveform switching corresponding to amplitude is controlled, the same effects as in the embodiment can be obtained even without using this control method. Furthermore, when performing the waveform switching control shown in the example,
The conversion control data EM may be directly input by the performer by operating an operator. Further, in the embodiment, the case of a single tone has been explained, but the same effect can be obtained even if applied to the case of a truncated tone. Furthermore, even when the present invention is applied to an electronic musical instrument without a keyboard, such as a sound source unit or a rhythm machine, musical sounds close to those of a natural musical instrument can be obtained, as in the embodiments.

"Effects of the Invention" As explained above, according to the present invention, there is provided an amplitude information generating means for outputting amplitude information corresponding to the amplitude level of a generated musical tone signal, and a predetermined method for outputting amplitude information corresponding to the amplitude level of a generated musical tone signal; By providing a calculation means for performing calculations and outputting waveform designation information corresponding to the calculation result, and a musical tone signal generation means for generating a musical tone signal with a waveform corresponding to the waveform designation information, it is possible to produce musical sounds similar to those of natural musical instruments. A musical tone signal generating device can be realized. Moreover, according to the present invention, since the waveform specification information is calculated from the amplitude information and the timbre specification information, there is no need to provide a tone source circuit or a waveform switching circuit for each timbre specification, and the circuit size can be reduced. The effect is that a musical tone signal generating device can be realized without increasing the size.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a musical tone signal generating device according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing a specific circuit configuration of the embodiment, and FIG. 3 is sound source data in the embodiment. A waveform diagram for one period of SKC, FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the correspondence between the envelope waveform and the state in the same embodiment, and FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the calculation method of waveform number data WD in the same embodiment. . Section 10... Musical tone signal generation section.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] A musical tone signal generating device that selects and generates musical tone signals of a plurality of types of waveforms, comprising: amplitude information generating means for outputting amplitude information corresponding to the amplitude level of the generated musical tone signal; a calculation means for performing a predetermined calculation on the amplitude information and the timbre designation information and outputting waveform designation information corresponding to the result of the calculation; and musical tone signal generation means for generating a musical tone signal having a waveform corresponding to the waveform designation information. A musical tone signal generating device comprising: