JPS61204696A - Tone signal generator - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a musical tone signal generating device capable of generating a musical tone signal having a controlled timbre in response to a key touch or other timbre control factors, and particularly relates to , which is capable of generating a musical tone signal having a controlled timbre in an attack section.

[Conventional technology]

The entire waveform from the start to the end of the sound, or the entire waveform at the rising edge and a portion of the subsequent waveform, is stored in the waveform memory, and if the former is stored, the entire waveform can be read out in order to create a high-quality musical waveform signal. When the latter is stored, a high-quality musical waveform signal is generated by reading out the waveform at the rising edge and then repeatedly reading out subsequent waveforms ( Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 1973
-121313). Although this method of storing multi-cycle continuous waveforms in the waveform memory in advance can provide high-quality musical waveform signals, it requires a huge amount of memory capacity, so it is possible to It was unsuitable for achieving significant tonal changes. In other words, key scaling control that changes the timbre according to the pitch and range of the musical sound to be generated, touch response control that changes the timbre according to the operation state of the performance keys (operation speed, operation strength), and various controls. When trying to perform operator control that changes the tone depending on the operating state of a soft pedal or 111J response operator, for example, the simplest method is to provide multiple waveform memories for each control content, and use one of these It would be possible to select and read out the waveform, but this would complicate the configuration and at the same time increase the capacity of the waveform memory, making it impractical. Therefore, one method is to prepare two types of continuous waveforms in the waveform memory, for example, in the case of touch response control, a continuous waveform corresponding to the strongest touch and a continuous waveform corresponding to the weakest touch. It is possible to obtain a waveform corresponding to the timbre change parameter (touch intensity) by reading out and interpolating both waveforms according to the timbre change parameter (touch intensity), which is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 58-IJ3336. disclosed inside. However, even in this case, since the entire waveform from the start to the end of a musical tone is stored in the waveform memory, the memory capacity is still large and there is room for improvement.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

This invention has been made in view of the above points, and it is possible to generate a musical tone signal having a controlled tone according to key touches, key scale links, etc. by using a waveform memory with a further reduced configuration. It is an object of the present invention to provide a musical tone signal generating device that has the following characteristics.

[Means for solving problems]

In general, it is in the active part of a musical tone that the listener can feel the change in timbre most strongly. Even if there is a change in timbre in the sustain part, the timbre change in the active part does not leave a strong impression on the listener. Furthermore, the attack part of the next sound often drowns out the sound, making it difficult to perceive the timbre change in that part. Therefore, it is not necessary to apply timbre changes to musical tones through key touches or key scale links over the entire duration of the musical tones, but if it is possible to apply timbre changes at least in the attack section, it is possible to create sufficiently effective tones. Change control can be performed.

In view of this point, the present invention generates a waveform of at least an attack portion consisting of a plurality of periods in a plurality of series,
By weighting these appropriately and composing them, a musical tone signal for the attack section whose timbre is controlled according to the weighting is generated, and for the sustain section after the attack section, a musical tone signal generated in one series is used. It is characterized by this.

Further, the second feature of the present invention is that two
The waveform data of at least a plurality of cycles of the attack part of one series of waveforms among the series of waveforms is stored in the storage means as first waveform data, and the waveform data of at least the attack part of the waveform of the two series is stored as first waveform data. Multiple periods of waveform data are stored in the storage means as second waveform data, and the first and second waveform data are read out, and the read out second waveform data is appropriately weighted and used as the first waveform data. By compositing, a musical tone signal of an attack section whose timbre is controlled according to the weighting is generated, and a musical tone signal generated in one series is used for a sustain section after the attack section.

[Effect]

Regarding the attack section, since multiple series of waveform signals are weighted and synthesized, a timbre change can be applied in accordance with the weighting. On the other hand, in the sustain section following the attack section, only musical tone signals are generated from one series, so no timbre change is imparted. However, as described above, by making it possible to apply a timbre change at the attack portion of a musical tone, sufficiently effective timbre change control can be performed. Further, since only the attack section needs to store a plurality of sequences of waveform data of a waveform consisting of a plurality of periods, the capacity of the waveform memory can be reduced.

- For example, the weighting content of the waveform of the attack part of each series is determined according to the key touch. As another example, the weighting content is determined depending on the pitch or range of the musical sound to be generated. As yet another example, the weighting content is not determined depending on the operating state of the IJ/IJ ance controls or other controls. As a result, tone color change control is performed in response to a key touch, a key scale link, or an operation of an operator.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail based on the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is an electrical block diagram showing an embodiment of an electronic musical instrument to which a musical tone signal generating device according to the present invention is applied, and a keyboard is used as a means for specifying the pitch of a musical tone to be generated. The address signal generating circuit 11 corresponds to a reading means for reading waveform data from the waveform memory 12, 13, 14 according to the pitch specified on the keyboard, and generates a key code KC indicating the pressed key. A circle is generated to an address signal that is input from the keyboard circuit 10 and changes at a rate corresponding to the pitch of the key indicated by the key code KC.

The first waveform memory 12 stores waveform data of a plurality of cycles of at least an attack portion of a waveform having the following characteristics (temporarily referred to as a first waveform). The second waveform memory 13 stores waveform data of a plurality of cycles of at least an attack portion of a waveform (temporarily referred to as a second waveform) having characteristics different from the first waveform.

The sustain waveform memory 14 stores a waveform of a sustain section (preferably a waveform of multiple cycles) to be connected to the attack section.
waveform data is stored.

In response to the key-on signal KON given from the keyboard circuit 10, the address signal generation circuit 11 first generates an address signal AD for reading out the waveform data of the attack section, and then generates an address signal AD for reading out the waveform data of the sustain section. Generates address signal AD. The waveform data of the attack portion is read out in parallel from the first and second waveform memories 1.2.13 and applied to the multipliers 16 and 17 of the weighting circuit 15. The weighting circuit 15 generates weighting coefficients (
Weighting control data) Waveform data of each series is weighted according to TKI and TK2. That is, the coefficient TKI is input to the multiplier 16, and the coefficient TKI is input to the first waveform memory 12.
Weighting the waveform data read from the coefficient T
K2 is input to the multiplier 17 and weights the waveform data read from the second waveform memory 13. The two series of weighted waveform data are additively combined by an adder 19 and applied to the A input of the selector 20.

The touch detection device 21 detects the touch of a key pressed on the keyboard, and provides touch detection data TD to the weighting coefficient generation circuit 18. The weighting coefficient generation circuit 18 generates a weighting coefficient TKI that instructs different weighting contents depending on the strength of the key touch indicated by the touch detection data TD.
, TK2 is generated.

In this embodiment, the first waveform memory 12 stores a waveform of an attack portion having characteristics corresponding to the strongest key touch, and the second waveform memory 13 stores a waveform having characteristics corresponding to the weakest key touch. The waveform of the attack portion having the following is stored. Therefore, in the weighting circuit 15, interpolation is performed between the waveform data corresponding to the strongest touch and the waveform data corresponding to the weakest touch according to the weighting coefficients TKI and TK2 corresponding to the key touch, and as a result, A musical waveform signal of the attack portion having characteristics corresponding to the strength of the key touch at that time is obtained.

The attack end detection circuit 22 compares the attack end address value provided from the attack end address generation circuit 23 with the value of the address signal AD, and detects whether reading of the waveform of the attack portion has been completed. While the waveform readout of the attack section is being performed, a signal "0" is output, and when the readout is completed, it outputs It l II. The output signal of this attack end detection circuit 22 is applied to the B selection control input SB of the selector 2o, and the inverted signal of this signal is applied to the A selection control input SA.

Therefore, while the waveform data of the attack portion is being read from the first and second waveform memories 12 and 13, the A input is selected by the selector 20, and these waveform data are weighted, and the waveform obtained by adding and combining them is generated. Data is output from the selector 20. The sustain part waveform data read from the sustain waveform memory 14 is given to the B input of the selector 20, and when the attack part has been read out, this sustain part waveform data is selected by the selector 20. , is output.

The waveform data output from the selector 20 is given to a multiplier 24, and the output of the multiplier 24 is multiplied by the amplitude envelope waveform data generated from an envelope generator 25. After being converted into a signal, it is provided to the sound system 27.

Next, specific examples of waveforms stored in the waveform memories 12 to 14 will be described.

FIG. 2 shows an example of the waveform (original waveform) of an actual piano sound played with a strong touch. Figure 3 shows an example of the waveform ([waveform)] of the same piano sound played with a weak touch.For convenience of illustration, temporally continuous waveforms (a), (b), ( It is shown divided into four parts, c) and (d). In general, there is no strict definition as to which part of a musical sound waveform is the attack part and which part is the sustain part, but the part from the beginning of the sound to the point where the shape and amplitude of the waveform are stabilized is the attack part, and the part after that is the attack part. This is the sustain part. Therefore, in Figures 2 and 3,
Generally, parts (a) and (b) are the attack part, and parts (C) and (d
) is the sustain section. Of course, this varies from person to person.

The part up to the middle of (b) may be used as the attack part, or (
The part a) may be an attack part, and the part after (b) may be a sustain part.Although not shown, the sustain part also continues after (cl).

The first waveform memory 12 stores waveform data of a waveform consisting of multiple cycles of an attack part corresponding to a strong touch as shown in FIGS. 2(a) and 2(b) in a storage area corresponding to a piano tone. do. The second waveform memory 13 stores waveform data of a waveform consisting of multiple periods of attack parts corresponding to weak touches as shown in FIGS. 3(a) and 3(b) in a storage area corresponding to a piano tone. do. It should be noted that the waveform memory 12.13 does not strictly have to store only the waveform of the attack part, but may also include a part of the sustain part.

The sustain waveform memory 14 stores the waveform of the sustain section as 1.
The waveform of the sustain part to be memorized is the sustain waveform corresponding to a strong touch as shown in Fig. 2(c) and (d), or the sustain waveform as shown in Fig. 3(c) and (d). Either one of the sustain waveforms corresponding to a weak touch may be used, but preferably both sustain waveforms are suitably weighted and averaged to create a sustain waveform suitable for common use for any touch. The waveform of the sustain section to be stored in the memory 14 may be all of the remaining waveforms following the waveform of the attack section stored in the memory 12.13, but is not limited to this. When storing all the remaining waveforms up to the end of the 0 sound generation, which may be a periodic waveform or a typical one-period waveform, in the sustain waveform memory 14, the address generated from the address signal generation circuit 11 is stored. Signal A
According to D, the waveform data of the sustain section stored in the memory 14 is read out only once. On the other hand, when a waveform with a limited plurality of cycles or a waveform with one cycle is stored in the memory 14, the memory 14 stores the waveform in the memory 14 according to the address signal AD.
The waveform data stored in 4 is controlled to be repeatedly read out. Since such single read control or repeated read control of a series of waveform data can be easily performed by a well-known method, details thereof will not be particularly shown.

In addition, the waveform data from the sustain waveform memory 14 is
After the reading of the waveform data of the attack section from the waveform memory 12.13 is approximately completed, reading is started.
This can be easily controlled by appropriately determining the read start address of the memory 14.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, each waveform memory 12 to 14 stores the original waveform itself having a natural amplitude envelope encoded in a predetermined encoding format (for example, PCM: pulse code modulation method). Data may also be stored. In that case, the envelope generator 25 generates envelope waveform data, as shown in FIG. 4(a), which maintains a constant level during key depression and attenuates in response to key release. The attenuation envelope waveform at MfIs is
As is well known, if the musical sound waveform in the sustain section has a damping envelope characteristic with a vercussive volume, this is to perform dump control when the key is released, while on the other hand, the musical waveform in the sustain section has envelope characteristics of a sustained tone. In this case (or when repeated readout results in a de facto sustained-tone envelope characteristic), the purpose is to attenuate the sound when the key is released.

On the contrary, each waveform memory 12 to 14 does not store the original waveform itself having a natural amplitude envelope, but performs a data operation that normalizes the amplitude level (peak level of each wave) of this original waveform to a constant level. (Of course, even if you do so, the characteristics of each wave will not be impaired), and convert the waveform with the standardized amplitude level into a predetermined encoding format (
For example, the waveform data may be stored by encoding it using the PCM method. In that case, the envelope generator 2
In step 5, envelope waveform data showing appropriate amplitude envelope characteristics as shown in FIG. , adds amplitude envelopes such as sustain. The waveform data having the standardized amplitude level is stored in the waveform memories 12 to 1.
4. The advantage of storing waveforms in which the actual amplitude level is relatively small is that by increasing the apparent level of the waveform, the number of bits in the data representation can be increased, thereby increasing the resolution in waveform reproduction. This is something that can be done. Moreover, this can be achieved by efficiently utilizing memory without particularly increasing the memory capacity. In addition, since the amplitude level (peak level for each wave) of the waveform data read from the waveform memories 12 to 14 is the same regardless of the attack section or sustain section, when the waveform to be selected with the selector 20 is switched, There is no difference in level between the waveform of the previously selected attack section and the waveform of the newly selected sustain section, making it possible to prevent sudden changes in volume and clicks.

Each of the waveform memories 12 to 14 stores the waveform data of the attack section or the sustain section as described above in the timbre selection device f12.
8, each selectable tone color type is memorized. The timbre selection device 28 outputs timbre selection information TC indicating the selected timbre, and supplies this to the waveform memories 12 to 14 and other circuits. The waveform memories 12 to 14 make it possible to read the waveform corresponding to the timbre specified by the applied timbre selection information TC, and read out the waveform data of this waveform in accordance with the address signal AD, as described above.

The timbre selection information TC is also given to the weighting coefficient generation circuit 18, and the weighting coefficient TKI for the touch intensity,
The function characteristics of TK2 are made to vary depending on the selected tone color type. An example of this is shown in FIG. 5, where (a) shows the function of the weighting coefficient TKI of one series for the touch detection data TD, and (b) shows the function of the weighting coefficient TK2 of the other series. , and the solid line shows an example of these functions corresponding to a piano tone.

The dashed line shows an example of these functions corresponding to a guitar tone. The slope of the function is steeper for piano tones, but this means that the degree of timbre change in response to key touches is greater. By changing the weighting function characteristics according to the timbre, it becomes possible to more faithfully imitate the timbre change characteristics of various natural musical instrument sounds in accordance with the respective characteristics.

Note that the timbre selection information TC may also be provided to the touch detection device 21 so that the characteristics of the touch detection data are varied depending on the timbre.

Since the waveforms of the attack sections stored in the waveform memories 12 and 13 are different for each timbre, their address lengths are also appropriately different. Therefore, attack end detection circuit 2
When detecting the end of the attack section in step 2, consideration must be given to the difference in address length of the attack section depending on the selected tone.

Therefore, tone color selection information TC is provided to the attack end address generation circuit 23, so that an attack end address value corresponding to the selected tone color is generated.

The timbre selection information TC is also given to the envelope generator 25, which controls the characteristics of the envelope waveform to be generated (curves such as attack, decay, sustain, dump, etc., level, time, etc.) according to the selected timbre. Touch detection data TD is also provided to the envelope generator 25, which controls the maximum level of the envelope waveform according to the strength of the key touch.

FIG. 6 shows a modification of the embodiment shown in FIG. The first waveform memory 12A stores waveform data of a plurality of cycles of the attack portion of a waveform corresponding to a weak touch (for example, a waveform as shown in FIG. 3). Second waveform memory 13
Waveform data of a differential waveform between a waveform corresponding to a strong touch (for example, a waveform as shown in FIG. 2) and a waveform corresponding to a weak touch stored in the first waveform memory 12A is stored in A. The weighting circuit 15A is a second waveform memory 13A.
a multiplier 29 that multiplies the waveform data of the differential waveform read out by the weighting coefficient TK; and the first waveform memory 12.
and an adder 30 that adds the waveform data corresponding to the weak touch read from A and the output of the multiplier 29.
The weighting coefficient generating circuit 18A generates "1" as the weighting coefficient TK when the key touch is the strongest, and generates "1" as the weighting coefficient TK when the key touch is the weakest.
rOJ is generated as K and 0 depending on the touch intensity during that time.
A weighting coefficient TK satisfying the condition <TK<1 is generated according to a predetermined function. It is preferable that the functional characteristics of this weighting coefficient TK differ depending on the selected tone. In the example of FIG. 6, the addition ratio of the differential waveform data to the weak touch compatible waveform read from the first waveform memory 12A is The weighting circuit 15A is controlled according to the key touch strength, and as a result, waveform data of the attack portion having characteristics according to the touch strength is outputted from the weighting circuit 15A, similar to the embodiment shown in FIG. According to this configuration, since one waveform memory 13A is a differential waveform memory, the storage capacity of the memory can be further reduced. Note that the first waveform memory 12A may store the attack part waveform data of the waveform corresponding to the strongest touch, and the adder 30 may be changed to a subtracter.

By the way, since the difference waveform stored in the memory 13A is the difference in amplitude value for each sample point between the strong touch compatible waveform and the weak touch compatible waveform, it is a spiky waveform with a large harmonic content. When this thorny difference waveform is added to the waveform that supports weak touch even at a small level, the waveform that has been added and synthesized will be
There is a possibility that the waveform will suddenly differ from the weak touch compatible waveform read from 2A, and there is also a possibility that the waveform will be different from the waveform of the actual sound of a natural musical instrument performance. Therefore, Fig. 6 was changed to Fig. 7, and the second waveform memory 13A
Digital filter (low pass filter) 3 on the output side of
1, read out the filter characteristic parameters corresponding to the key touch from the filter characteristic parameter memory 32 in accordance with the touch detection data TD, and control the filter 31 accordingly. In this filter control, the weaker the key touch, the more rounded the difference waveform is output from the filter 31, and the stronger the touch, the less rounded the waveform memory. 31. Then, when the touch is the strongest, the output waveform of the waveform memory 13A is outputted from the filter 31 without making any changes. Through such control, when the touch is relatively weak, the difference waveform added to the waveform corresponding to the weakest touch (output of the memory 12A) can be made smooth with less harmonic content, thereby eliminating the above-mentioned disadvantages. is removed.

Note that the timbre selection information TC may be input to the memory 32 and the filter characteristic parameters may be read out corresponding not only to the key touch but also to the selected timbre. It may also be provided.

Note that when performing timbre change control (i.e. key scaling) according to the pitch or range of the musical tone to be generated, the 1 weighting coefficient generation circuit 18.18A (Figs. 1, 6, 7)
Instead of the touch detection data TD as the input data in the figure), the key code KC may be input as shown by the dotted line.

The key code KC is also input to the envelope generator 25 to control the maximum level, decay time, etc. of the envelope waveform according to the pitch or range.

In addition, when performing tone change control according to the operating state of a predetermined operator 33 (FIG. 1), the weighting coefficient generation circuit 18
．． As input data of 18A, instead of touch detection data TD or key code KC, the operator 33 is used as shown by the dotted line.
All you have to do is input the output of

Of course, when applying the circuit 1111 or the circuits shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 to key scaling or control according to operator operation, the first and second waveform memories 12.
The waveforms stored in 3 and 13A do not correspond to strong and weak touches, but correspond to high and low pitches, or to large and small amounts of operation of the operator.

Furthermore, timbre change control may be performed by combining any one or more of key touching, key scaling, and the operating state of the operator 33. FIG. 8 is a diagram partially showing an example of this; First and second waveform memories 12.13 in Figure 1
and the weighting circuit 15.

In the waveform memory 12H, waveform data for a plurality of cycles of the attack portion of a musical sound waveform having tone characteristics corresponding to strong key touches and high pitches is stored for each tone in the same manner as described above. In the waveform memory 12L, waveform data of a plurality of cycles of the attack portion of a musical sound waveform having tone characteristics corresponding to a strong key touch and a low pitch are stored for each tone in the same manner as described above.

In the waveform memory 13H, waveform data of a plurality of cycles of the attack portion of a musical sound waveform having tone characteristics corresponding to a weak key touch and a high pitch are stored for each tone in the same manner as described above. In the waveform memory 13L, waveform data of a plurality of cycles of the attack portion of a musical sound waveform having tone characteristics corresponding to weak key touches and low pitches is stored for each tone in the same manner as described above. As described above, the waveform memories 12H to 13L for these attack sections can be read out corresponding to the timbre type selected according to the timbre selection information TC, and the appropriate pitch frequency can be read out according to the address signal AD. is read out.

The waveform data corresponding to a strong key touch read out from the waveform memory 12H112L is input to multipliers 33 and 34 for weighting for key scaling.
The other inputs of the multipliers 33 and 34 are input with two series of key scaling coefficients KSI and KS2 generated from the key scaling coefficient generation circuit 35 according to the key code KC. Both waveform data for strong touch are weighted according to the pitch.

The outputs of the multiplications s33 and s34 are added by the adder 36, and then provided to the multiplier 16, where they are multiplied by the weighting coefficient TKI corresponding to the key touch similar to that described above.

Similarly to the above, the output of waveform memory 13H113L is applied to multipliers 37 and 38, and multiplied by key scaling coefficients KS3 and KS4 generated from key scaling coefficient generation circuit 39 in accordance with key code KC. As a result, weighting according to the pitch of the musical tone to be generated is applied to both waveform data for weak touch.6 The outputs of the multipliers 37 and 38 are added in the adder 40, and then applied to the multiplier 17. Then, it is multiplied by a weighting coefficient TK2 corresponding to the key touch similar to that described above.

The outputs of both multipliers 16 and 17 are added by an adder 19 and applied to the eight inputs (first w!J) of the selector 20. In this way, the four series of waveform data of the attack section having different characteristics read from the waveform memories 12H to 13L are weighted according to both the i-height of the musical tone to be generated and the key touch, and these timbre control factors The waveform data of the attack section to which a timbre change is applied according to the weighting circuit 15B
is output from.

Tone selection information TC is input to the key scaling coefficient generation circuits 35 and 39, respectively. As mentioned above, the functional characteristics of the key scaling coefficients differ depending on the type of timbre (for example, as shown in Figure 5), and the functional characteristics of the key scaling coefficients 81 to KS4 to be generated are applied to the selected timbre. Determined accordingly. Note that the key scaling coefficient generating circuits 35 and 39 may not be provided separately, but one may be shared.

Note that in the example shown in Figure 8, weighting calculations are performed for key scaling and then weighting calculations are performed according to key touches, but this may be reversed. When combining timbre change control according to the operating state and timbre change control according to key touch or key scaling, the same configuration as shown in Fig. 8 may be used. It is also possible to combine all of them, and in that case, the structure may be configured according to FIG. 8.

By the way, in the example shown in FIG. 1, since the waveform of the attack part and the waveform of the sustain part are switched instantaneously in the selector 20, the waveforms may not connect smoothly due to the difference in the waveform shapes of the two. In order to solve such a problem, it is preferable to use a loss fade circuit 41 as shown in FIG. 9 in place of the selector 20 in FIG. 1.

At the connection portion between the attack section and the sustain section, the cross-fade circuit 41 weights the waveform of the attack section with the attenuation envelope, weights the waveform of the sustain section with the rise envelope, and adds the two together, as shown in FIG. This is to ensure that the waveform smoothly switches (crossfade) from the attack section to the sustain section.

The cross-fade address generation circuit 42 generates an address value (cross-fade start address C8A) at which to start the cross-fade according to the timbre selection information TC. The cross-fade start detection circuit 43 compares the cross-fade start address C8A with the value of the address signal AD, and outputs the cross-fade start signal C8 when the two match. Crossfade start signal C8 is applied to crossfade envelope generators 44,45.

The cross-fade envelope generator 44 for the attack section operates at a multiplier of "1" from when the key-on signal KON rises to "1" until the cross-fade start signal C8 is applied.
”, generates an envelope signal with a constant level corresponding to
When the crossfade start signal C8 is applied, an envelope signal that decreases with a predetermined attenuation curve is generated.

This attenuation curve is controlled by timbre selection information TC.

The envelope signal generated from the cross-fade envelope generator 44 for the attack section is input to the multiplier 46 and multiplied by the attack section waveform data provided from the weighting circuit 15.

Crossfade envelope generator 45 for sustain section
is the multiplier " from when the key-on signal KON rises to "1" until the cross-fade start signal C8 is given.
When the crossfade start signal C8 is given, the envelope signal rises with a predetermined rising curve and thereafter maintains a constant level corresponding to the multiplier "1". occurs. This rising curve is controlled by timbre selection information TC. The envelope signal generated from the cross-fade envelope generator 45 for the sustain section is input to the multiplier 47, and is multiplied by the sustain waveform data provided from the sustain waveform memory 14.

The outputs of the multipliers 46 and 47 are added by an adder 48, and the addition result is provided to the multiplier 24 for applying an amplitude envelope. In this way, in the cross-fade section, the waveform of the musical tone signal can be smoothly transitioned from the waveform of the attack section to the waveform of the sustain section. The advantage of using the loss fade circuit 41 as described above is that there is no need to strictly consider the waveform connection between the attack section and the sustain section when creating waveform data to be stored in the waveform memories 12 to 14. .

In the above embodiments, a case has been described in which a musical tone signal of a scale tone is generated by specifying the pitch of a musical tone to be generated using a keyboard, but the musical tone signal generating device according to the present invention can also be applied to a rhythm sound source. can do. In that case, the 1 weighting control data is based on data that simulates the strength when operating a rhythm instrument (for example, data based on the operation of a controller, data included in rhythm pattern data, or data input externally). All you have to do is make it happen.

Further, in the above embodiments, the case of monophonic pronunciation is explained, but it can also be implemented in the case of polyphonic pronunciation. In that case, for example, a waveform memory, a weighting circuit, etc. may be time-divisionally shared among a plurality of musical tone generation channels.

In the above embodiment, waveform memories for two series of attack sections are provided for one timbre control factor, but the waveform memories may be three or more series. In that case, three or more sequences of attack waveforms may be weighted simultaneously, or two sequences may be selected and weighted from among them.

Further, in the above embodiment, the waveform memory storing the attack part waveform corresponding to a predetermined tone control state such as strong touch or weak touch, and the waveform memory storing the sustain part waveform are configured as separate memories in terms of hardware. However, this may be a common memory device in terms of hardware.

For example, the waveform data of the attack section corresponding to a strong touch corresponding to a tone is stored in the memory area of address A-B, and the waveform data of the attack section corresponding to a weak touch is stored in the memory area of addresses B+1 to C. , the waveform data of the common sustain section is stored in the memory area of addresses C+1 to D (however, A, B, C, and D are predetermined address values in the relationship A<B<C<D). , the reading of each waveform data from each memory area is controlled in a time-division manner.

In FIG. 1, a digital filter may be provided after the selector 20 to further change the timbre according to timbre control factors such as key touch and key scaling.

Further, the encoding format of the waveform data stored in the waveform memory is not limited to the above-mentioned PCM method, but may also include a differential PCM method, an adaptive differential PCM method, a delta modulation (DM) method, an adaptive delta modulation (ADM) method, etc.

Any other suitable waveform encoding format may be used, in which case:
It is preferable to provide a decoding circuit suitable for the encoding format after the waveform memory so as to return (decode) the encoding format of the waveform data read from the memory to the PCM format.

Alternatively, the waveform signals of each series weighted by 1 may not be electrically added and synthesized by an adder, but instead generated as separate series and spatially added and synthesized. Further, the connection of the sustain waveform signal to the waveform signal of the attack section is also performed by the selector 20 or the adder 48 in the cross-fade circuit 41.
Instead, they may be pronounced in separate series and connected spatially.

Although it is desirable that the multiple period waveforms of the attack portion of each series to be stored in the waveform memory are substantially aligned in phase, it is not necessary to specifically align the phases.

In addition, the multi-cycle waveform stored in the waveform memory may consist not only of continuous multiple cycles but also of multiple discrete cycles. For example, the period from the start to the end of a musical tone is divided into multiple frames, and each One representative frame per frame
It is also possible to store only the waveform data of a period or two periods of waveforms, and read out the waveform data repeatedly while switching sequentially. Furthermore, if necessary, when switching the waveform, the previous waveform and the next new waveform can be read out. Interpolation calculations may be performed to form smoothly changing waveform data.

Further, the device for generating the waveform signal of the sustain section is not limited to the waveform memory as described in the above embodiments, but may also include other musical sound waveform generating means 1, such as a harmonic synthesis method or a musical sound waveform synthesis method using frequency modulation calculation. etc. may also be used.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the present invention, a plurality of periodic waveforms of a plurality of series of attack portions having different characteristics are stored in a memory,
By suitably weighting the attack part waveform data of each series read from the memory, timbre change control according to the weighting is applied to the attack part waveform.
As for the waveform of the sustain section, such weighting is not applied and a common waveform is used, so the storage capacity of the waveform memory can be reduced.In addition, the waveform of the sustain section, where the listener perceives the timbre change most strongly, can be weighted. Since the timbre change is reliably applied, it is possible to realize timbre change control that is sufficiently effective in practice.

According to the second feature of the present invention, only one series of waveform data of the attack part is stored, and the waveform data of the difference waveform between the waveform data of the attack part and the waveform data of another attack part different from the waveform data of the attack part is further stored. By storing the waveform data of the difference waveform and appropriately weighting it and combining it with the waveform data of the attack part for one series, a musical tone signal of the attack part whose timbre is controlled according to the weighting is obtained. Compared to the case where waveform data of two series of attack portions are stored as they are, memory capacity can be saved by storing the difference waveform.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the overall configuration of an electronic musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a waveform diagram showing an example of the musical sound waveform of an actual piano sound played with a strong touch, and FIG. A waveform diagram showing an example of the musical sound waveform of an actual piano sound played with a weak touch, Fig. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the amplitude envelope waveform, Fig. 5 is a graph showing an example of the weighting coefficient function, Fig. 6 The figure is a block diagram showing a modification example of the waveform memory and weighting circuit of the attack section in Figure 1, Figure 7 is a block diagram showing a modification example of Figure 6, and Figure 8 is a combination of multiple tone control factors. FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing an example of a modification of the waveform memory and weighting circuit in the attack section of FIG. 1 in the case of applying a timbre change by using the selector shown in FIG. , FIG. 10 is a waveform diagram showing an example of waveform weighting of the attack section and the sustain section performed by the cross-fade circuit. 10...Keyboard circuit, 11...Address signal generation circuit, 12.12-A, 12H112L, 13.13A, 1
3H113L... Waveform memory for attack section, 14.
・・Sustain waveform memory, 15.15A, 15B・・
- Weighting circuit, 18, 18A... Weighting coefficient generation circuit, 20... Selector, 21... Touch detection device, 33... Operator, 35.39... Key scaling coefficient generation circuit, 41... Crossfade circuit.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. Waveform storage means storing waveform data of a plurality of periods of at least attack portions, respectively, regarding a plurality of series of waveforms having different characteristics; and the waveform data regarding the plurality of series of waveforms from the waveform storage means. a reading means for reading out each of the waveform data, a weighting means for weighting the waveform signals of the plurality of series of waveforms obtained based on the read waveform data according to weighting control data, and the weighting control data. weighted control data generation means for generating a weighted control data generation means, and sustain waveform generation means for generating a waveform signal of a sustain section to be connected to the attack section; 1. A musical tone signal generating device characterized in that a series of musical tone signals from an attack section to a sustain section is generated by connecting waveform signals of a sustain section. 2. The weighting control data generation means is configured to control the weighting control for instructing different weighting contents depending on the intensity of a touch applied to a key pressed on a keyboard for specifying a pitch of a musical tone to be generated. A musical tone signal generating device according to claim 1, which generates data. 3. The weighting control data generating means generates the weighting control data that instructs different weighting contents depending on the pitch or range of the musical tone to be generated. musical tone signal generator. 4. The weighting control data generating means generates the weighting control data that instructs different weighting contents depending on the operation state of a predetermined timbre control operator. musical tone signal generator. 5. The musical tone signal is a musical tone signal of a rhythm tone, and the weighting control data instructs different weighting contents depending on data simulating the strength when operating a rhythm instrument. The musical tone signal generating device according to scope 1. 6. Connecting the waveform signal of the sustain section after the waveform signal of the attack section performs switching control so that generation of the waveform signal of the sustain section starts when the waveform signal of the attack section ends. A musical tone signal generating device according to claim 1, which is realized. 7. Connecting the waveform signal of the sustain section after the waveform signal of the attack section means that a predetermined end section of the waveform signal of the attack section and a predetermined start section of the sustain section overlap in time. 2. The musical tone signal generating device according to claim 1, wherein the former is weighted by a damping characteristic, and the latter is weighted by a rising characteristic. 8. Store waveform data of a plurality of cycles of at least an attack portion of one series of waveforms having different characteristics as first waveform data, and a difference waveform corresponding to the difference between the waveforms of both series. waveform storage means for storing waveform data of a plurality of periods of at least an attack portion as second waveform data; reading means for reading out the first and second waveform data from the waveform storage means; and the readout waveform data. The waveform signal obtained based on the second waveform data is weighted according to the weighting control data and then combined with the waveform signal obtained based on the first waveform data read out to generate a waveform signal of the attack section. weighting control data generation means for generating the weighted control data; and sustain waveform generation means for generating a waveform signal of a sustain section to be connected to the attack section. A musical tone signal generating device, characterized in that a series of musical tone signals from the attack section to the sustain section is generated by connecting the waveform signal of the sustain section after the waveform signal of the attack section. 9. The musical tone signal according to claim 8, wherein the weighted synthesis means includes means for suppressing harmonic components of the waveform signal that is weighted or weighted according to the weighting control data. Generator.