JPH02145739A - Permanent magnet material and permanent magnet - Google Patents
Permanent magnet material and permanent magnetInfo
- Publication number
- JPH02145739A JPH02145739A JP63298221A JP29822188A JPH02145739A JP H02145739 A JPH02145739 A JP H02145739A JP 63298221 A JP63298221 A JP 63298221A JP 29822188 A JP29822188 A JP 29822188A JP H02145739 A JPH02145739 A JP H02145739A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- permanent magnet
- coercive force
- atomic
- magnet material
- kinds
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052771 Terbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 15
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 Ce) Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000531 Co alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（発明の目的）
［産業上の利用分野］
本発明は、永久磁石材料に関つ、特に希土類−鉄系の組
成を有するる永久磁石材料に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Object of the Invention) [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a permanent magnet material, and particularly to a permanent magnet material having a rare earth-iron composition.
［従来の技術］
永久磁石材料としては、残留磁化及び保磁力が大きく、
かつ磁気的安定性が高いことが必要である。この条件を
具備する材料として、従来、希土類−コバルト系である
ＲＣｏ５ （Ｒ＝Ｓｍ。[Prior art] As a permanent magnet material, residual magnetization and coercive force are large;
In addition, it is necessary to have high magnetic stability. Conventionally, a rare earth-cobalt-based material RCo5 (R=Sm) has been used as a material satisfying this condition.
Ｃｅなどの希土類金属） 、Ｒ＝ （Ｃｏ、Ｃｕ。Rare earth metals such as Ce), R= (Co, Cu.
Ｆ ｅ、 Ｍ） １７型（Ｍ−Ｔｉ、Ｚｒ、Ｈｆ等）が
知られており、電子機器、回転機器等に広く用いられて
いる。Fe, M) 17 type (M-Ti, Zr, Hf, etc.) is known and widely used in electronic equipment, rotating equipment, etc.
一方、最近新しい合金系の永久磁石材料として、Ｓｍ−
Ｔｉ＝Ｆｅ系が報告されている。これは、スパッタ法に
よりＳｍＦ ｅ５のＦｅの一部をＴｉで置換したもので
あり、液体急冷法で製作することによりこの系が保磁力
３．２ＫＯｅを有することも示されている。On the other hand, recently, Sm-
A Ti=Fe system has been reported. This is a system in which a part of Fe in SmFe5 is replaced with Ti by a sputtering method, and it has been shown that this system has a coercive force of 3.2 KOe when manufactured by a liquid quenching method.
（発明が解決しようとする課題）
前記、希土類−コバルト系材料は必須元素であるコ丸ル
トが非常に高価である上、その特性を示す最大エネルギ
ー積も３０ＭＧＯｅ程度においてほぼ限界に達している
。そこで、前記Ｓｍ−Ｔｉ＝Ｆｅ系に代表される希土類
−鉄系の材料が注目されているが、この系ではキュリー
温度が約３００℃と比較的低くかつ、保磁力も十分では
ないという問題点があった。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) In the above-mentioned rare earth-cobalt material, the essential element Komaruto is very expensive, and the maximum energy product showing its characteristics has almost reached its limit at about 30 MGOe. Therefore, rare earth-iron based materials such as the above-mentioned Sm-Ti=Fe system are attracting attention, but this system has the problem that its Curie temperature is relatively low at about 300°C and its coercive force is not sufficient. was there.
本発明は、このような問題点を解決するためになされた
もので、希土類−鉄系の永久磁石材料において、キュリ
ー温度及び保磁力を改善し、より高性能の永久磁石材料
を提供することを目的とする。The present invention was made to solve these problems, and aims to improve the Curie temperature and coercive force of rare earth-iron based permanent magnet materials, and to provide higher performance permanent magnet materials. purpose.
（発明の概要）
［課題を解決するための手段］
本発明は、希土類−鉄系材料であるＳｍ−Ｔｉ＝Ｆｅ系
において、第４成分を添加することを特徴とする。本発
明に示される合金系は、一般式
％式％
Ｒ：Ｓｍあるいは一部をＹ、Ｌａ、Ｎｄ。(Summary of the Invention) [Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention is characterized in that a fourth component is added to the Sm-Ti=Fe system, which is a rare earth-iron material. The alloy system shown in the present invention has the general formula % R:Sm or a portion of Y, La, Nd.
Ｃｅ、Ｐｒ、Ｄｙ、Ｔｂから選ばれる 少なくとも一種で置換。Selected from Ce, Pr, Dy, Tb Replaced with at least one type.
Ｔ：ＦｅあるいはＦｅＣ。T: Fe or FeC.
Ｍ：Ｎｂ、Ｚｒ、Ｈｆから選ばれる少なくとも一種。M: At least one selected from Nb, Zr, and Hf.
Ｙ：Ｂ、 Ｃ，Ｎ、 Ｈ，Ｐ、 Ｓｉから選ばれる少な
くとも一種。Y: At least one selected from B, C, N, H, P, and Si.
ａ＋ｂ＋ｃ＋ｄ＋ｅ −１００（原子％）５≦ａ≦２０ ０．５≦ｃ≦８ １≦ｄ≦１５ ０≦ｅ≦８ ｂ；残部 で示される。a+b+c+d+e -100 (atomic%) 5≦a≦20 0.5≦c≦8 1≦d≦15 0≦e≦8 b; remainder It is indicated by.
［作用］
前記一般式で示される合金系において、基本的な元素群
はＲとＴであり、基本用であるＲＴ５相を形成している
。Ｒはこの合金系において、５原子％未満では保磁力が
低下し、２Ｏ原子％より多くなると飽和磁化が低下し、
最大エネルギー積の低下が起こるので、５〜２Ｏ原子％
の範囲で存在する。ＴはＦｅを主とするが、−部をＣｏ
に置換することによりキュリー温度が上昇する。但し、
５０％以上置換すると保磁力が低下するためこれ以上が
望ましい。[Function] In the alloy system represented by the above general formula, the basic element groups are R and T, forming the basic RT5 phase. In this alloy system, when R is less than 5 atomic %, the coercive force decreases, and when it exceeds 2 O atomic %, the saturation magnetization decreases.
Since a decrease in the maximum energy product occurs, 5 to 2 O atom%
Exists within the range of T is mainly Fe, but the - part is Co.
By replacing it with , the Curie temperature increases. however,
If the substitution exceeds 50%, the coercive force decreases, so it is desirable that the substitution exceeds this value.
しかし、このＲＴ５は安定相ではないため、Ｔｉが安定
化元素としてこの合金系に含まれ、（ＲＴ５ ＋ Ｔ
ｉ ）相を形成する。Ｔｉは、１原子％未満では十分に
作用せず、１５原子％より多いと基本用以外の相が多く
なりすぎて磁気特性が劣下するので１〜１５原子％の範
囲で存在する。However, since this RT5 is not a stable phase, Ti is included in this alloy system as a stabilizing element, and (RT5 + T
i) forming a phase; Ti does not function sufficiently when it is less than 1 atomic %, and when it is more than 15 atomic %, phases other than the basic phase become too large and the magnetic properties are deteriorated, so Ti is present in the range of 1 to 15 atomic %.
Ｙは、（ＲＴ５ ＋Ｔｉ）相をさらに安定化させる元素
で、８原子％より大では、飽和磁化が低下するためこれ
以下が望ましい。Y is an element that further stabilizes the (RT5 +Ti) phase, and if it is more than 8 atomic %, the saturation magnetization decreases, so it is preferably less than this.
Ｍは、保磁力の改善のためにこの合金系に加えられ、特
にＮｂ、Ｎｂ＋Ｚｒ、Ｎｂ＋Ｈｆの場合に保磁力の改善
が顕著である。M is added to this alloy system to improve coercive force, and the improvement in coercive force is particularly remarkable in the case of Nb, Nb+Zr, and Nb+Hf.
［実施例］ 以下、本発明に関る第一の実施例について説明する。[Example] A first embodiment of the present invention will be described below.
Ｓｍ１Ｏ原子％、Ｆｅ８２原子％、Ｎｂ ４原子％。Sm1O atomic%, Fe82 atomic%, Nb 4 atomic%.
Ｔｉ４原子％からなる合金を高周波溶解炉で溶解して作
成し、母合金とした。この母合金をアルゴン雰囲気中で
急令し、同時にロール周速２０ｍ／ｓｅｃの単ロール法
より薄片状の試料を得、さらに７００℃の真空中で１０
分間熱処理後、平均粒径２００μｍ以下に粉砕した。こ
の試料を樹脂と混合してプラスチック磁石材料とし、射
出成形等によって成形後着磁器により着磁して等方性の
プラスチック磁石を得た。また比較例として、ＳｍＬＯ
原子％、Ｆｅ８２原子％、Ｔ【 ８原子％、からなる合
金についても前記と同じ工程にてプラスチック磁石化し
た。An alloy consisting of 4 atomic % Ti was melted in a high frequency melting furnace to prepare a master alloy. This mother alloy was rapidly cooled in an argon atmosphere, and at the same time a flaky sample was obtained by a single roll method at a roll circumferential speed of 20 m/sec.
After heat treatment for a minute, it was pulverized to an average particle size of 200 μm or less. This sample was mixed with a resin to make a plastic magnet material, and after molding by injection molding or the like, it was magnetized with a magnetizer to obtain an isotropic plastic magnet. In addition, as a comparative example, SmLO
An alloy consisting of 82 atomic % Fe, 8 atomic % T was also made into a plastic magnet in the same process as described above.
これらのプラスチック磁石について、直流磁化測定装置
を用いて磁石特性を求めた。結果を表１に示す。実施例
において、保磁力Ｈｅが特に改善されており、最大エネ
ルギー積（ＢＨ）ｍａｘの改善につながっている。Magnetic properties of these plastic magnets were determined using a DC magnetization measurement device. The results are shown in Table 1. In the examples, the coercive force He is particularly improved, leading to an improvement in the maximum energy product (BH) max.
表 す
る２種を用いたものである。これらの磁石の磁石特性及
びキュリー温度を求めた結果を表３に示す。The two types shown below are used. Table 3 shows the results of determining the magnetic properties and Curie temperature of these magnets.
表 ２
さらに、表２に示す５種類の合金についてそれぞれ前記
と同じ工程にてプラスチック磁石化した。表２は合金の
成分元素及び存在比を示すもので、同図中上段は各成分
の合金中の存在率（原子％）、下段は各成分の具体的な
元素芯及びこの成分が複数元素よりなる場合にはその存
在比を示す。表２に示される各合金は添加する台４成分
としてＮｂ、 Ｚｒ、 Ｈｆ、から選ばれ表
いずれの実施例においても、比較例に比して特に保磁力
が改善されている。また、キュリー温度も従来知られて
いる同系の磁石より上昇している。Table 2 Furthermore, the five types of alloys shown in Table 2 were each made into plastic magnets in the same process as above. Table 2 shows the constituent elements and abundance ratios of the alloy. The upper row in the figure shows the abundance ratio (atomic %) of each component in the alloy, and the lower row shows the specific elemental core of each component and how this component is composed of multiple elements. If so, indicate the abundance ratio. In each of the alloys shown in Table 2, the four added components were selected from Nb, Zr, and Hf, and the coercive force was particularly improved in each of the examples in the table compared to the comparative example. Furthermore, the Curie temperature is higher than that of conventionally known magnets of the same type.
本実施例においては、等方性のプラスチック磁石とした
が、成形と同時に着磁を行なうことにより、異方性のプ
ラスチック磁石とすることも可能である。In this embodiment, an isotropic plastic magnet is used, but it is also possible to make an anisotropic plastic magnet by magnetizing the magnet at the same time as molding.
次に本発明の台２の実施例を説明する。表２と同様に表
４にその成分と存在率の示されている５種類の合金をそ
れぞれ高周波溶解にて作成し、さらに窒素ガス中でジェ
ットミルにより平均粒径１〜１０μｍの大きさに微粉砕
した。得られた粉末を１．５Ｔｏｎ／ｃｇｔでプレス成
形と同時に１５ＫＯｅの磁場をかけて着磁し、次にアル
ゴン雰囲気で１．ＯＯ０〜１２００℃にて１時間焼結後
、さらに真空中で５００〜９００℃にて２時間熱処理を
施して異方性の焼結磁石を得た。また、比較例として、
Ｓｍ１３原子％、Ｆｅ７９原子％、Ｔｉ８原子％からな
る合金についても前記と同じ工程にて焼結磁石化した。Next, an embodiment of the stand 2 of the present invention will be described. Similarly to Table 2, the five types of alloys whose components and abundance rates are shown in Table 4 were created by high-frequency melting, and then micronized to an average particle size of 1 to 10 μm using a jet mill in nitrogen gas. Shattered. The obtained powder was press-molded at 1.5 Ton/cgt and simultaneously magnetized by applying a magnetic field of 15 KOe, and then 1. After sintering at OO0 to 1200°C for 1 hour, heat treatment was further performed in vacuum at 500 to 900°C for 2 hours to obtain an anisotropic sintered magnet. Also, as a comparative example,
An alloy consisting of 13 atomic % Sm, 79 atomic % Fe, and 8 atomic % Ti was also made into a sintered magnet in the same process as described above.
これらの磁石の磁石特性を表５に示す。いずれの実施例
においても保磁力が比較例より著しく改善されている。Table 5 shows the magnetic properties of these magnets. In all Examples, the coercive force is significantly improved compared to the Comparative Example.
本実施例では異方性磁石を作成したが、等方性磁石とす
ることも可能である。Although an anisotropic magnet was created in this example, it is also possible to use an isotropic magnet.
表 ４
表 ５
（発明の効果）
本発明によれば、希土類−コバルト系よりも安価な希土
類−鉄系の合金にて、キュリー温度、保磁力、最大エネ
ルギー積の高い高性能の永久磁石材料を提供することが
できる。Table 4 Table 5 (Effects of the Invention) According to the present invention, a high-performance permanent magnet material with a high Curie temperature, coercive force, and maximum energy product can be produced using a rare earth-iron alloy that is cheaper than a rare earth-cobalt alloy. can be provided.
Claims (3)
わされ、Ｒ＝Ｓｍあるいは一部をＹ，Ｌａ，Ｎｄ，Ｃｅ
，Ｐｒ，Ｄｙ，Ｔｂから選ばれる 少なくとも一種で置換、 Ｔ＝ＦｅあるいはＦｅ，Ｃｏ Ｍ＝Ｎｂ，Ｚｒ，Ｈｆから選ばれる少なく とも一種、 Ｙ＝Ｂ，Ｃ，Ｎ，Ｈ，Ｐ，Ｓｉから選ばれ る少なくとも一種、 さらに ５≦ａ≦２０ ０．５≦ｃ≦８ １≦ｄ≦８ ０≦ｅ≦８ ｂ；残部 なる材料よりなることを特徴とする永久磁石材料。(1) Represented by the general formula R_aT_bM_cTi_dY_e, where R=Sm or a part is Y, La, Nd, Ce.
, Pr, Dy, Tb, T=Fe or Fe, Co M=at least one selected from Nb, Zr, Hf, Y=B, C, N, H, P, Si A permanent magnet material comprising at least one material, and the remainder being 5≦a≦20, 0.5≦c≦8, 1≦d≦8, 0≦e≦8 b;
物よりなることを特徴とする永久磁石。(2) A permanent magnet comprising a mixture of the permanent magnet material according to claim (1) and a resin.
）記載の永久磁石材料。(3) Claim (1) characterized in that it is an anisotropic sintered body.
) Permanent magnetic materials listed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63298221A JPH02145739A (en) | 1988-11-28 | 1988-11-28 | Permanent magnet material and permanent magnet |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63298221A JPH02145739A (en) | 1988-11-28 | 1988-11-28 | Permanent magnet material and permanent magnet |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02145739A true JPH02145739A (en) | 1990-06-05 |
Family
ID=17856792
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63298221A Pending JPH02145739A (en) | 1988-11-28 | 1988-11-28 | Permanent magnet material and permanent magnet |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH02145739A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5985050A (en) * | 1996-09-30 | 1999-11-16 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | SmFe-based magnetostrictive material |
| DE102015222075A1 (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2017-05-11 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Process for producing a magnetic material and electric machine |
| CN111933375A (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2020-11-13 | 浙江工业大学 | Novel samarium-iron-carbon-based anisotropic magnetic powder |
-
1988
- 1988-11-28 JP JP63298221A patent/JPH02145739A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5985050A (en) * | 1996-09-30 | 1999-11-16 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | SmFe-based magnetostrictive material |
| DE102015222075A1 (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2017-05-11 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Process for producing a magnetic material and electric machine |
| CN111933375A (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2020-11-13 | 浙江工业大学 | Novel samarium-iron-carbon-based anisotropic magnetic powder |
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