JPH01308824A - 水酸化アルミニウムを主体とする充填剤および防炎剤の製造方法、およびプラスチック用補強剤 - Google Patents
水酸化アルミニウムを主体とする充填剤および防炎剤の製造方法、およびプラスチック用補強剤Info
- Publication number
- JPH01308824A JPH01308824A JP1030094A JP3009489A JPH01308824A JP H01308824 A JPH01308824 A JP H01308824A JP 1030094 A JP1030094 A JP 1030094A JP 3009489 A JP3009489 A JP 3009489A JP H01308824 A JPH01308824 A JP H01308824A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- aluminum hydroxide
- aluminate solution
- sodium aluminate
- filler
- additives
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 title claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 title claims description 5
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 title claims description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 title description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012757 flame retardant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical class OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims 2
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000007933 aliphatic carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002889 oleic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 150000004671 saturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 235000003441 saturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003892 tartrate salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004131 Bayer process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910001679 gibbsite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 4
- 241000276425 Xiphophorus maculatus Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002642 lithium compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000218645 Cedrus Species 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Na2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MXRIRQGCELJRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O.O.O.[Al] Chemical compound O.O.O.[Al] MXRIRQGCELJRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001237728 Precis Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002730 additional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013334 alcoholic beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AUILUYDQMACQAY-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminum gold(3+) hexahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3].[Au+3] AUILUYDQMACQAY-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl N-[2-hydroxy-4-(3-oxomorpholin-4-yl)phenyl]carbamate Chemical compound OC1=C(NC(=O)OCC2=CC=CC=C2)C=CC(=C1)N1CCOCC1=O FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009940 knitting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011888 snacks Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F7/00—Compounds of aluminium
- C01F7/02—Aluminium oxide; Aluminium hydroxide; Aluminates
- C01F7/04—Preparation of alkali metal aluminates; Aluminium oxide or hydroxide therefrom
- C01F7/14—Aluminium oxide or hydroxide from alkali metal aluminates
- C01F7/144—Aluminium oxide or hydroxide from alkali metal aluminates from aqueous aluminate solutions by precipitation due to cooling, e.g. as part of the Bayer process
- C01F7/145—Aluminium oxide or hydroxide from alkali metal aluminates from aqueous aluminate solutions by precipitation due to cooling, e.g. as part of the Bayer process characterised by the use of a crystal growth modifying agent other than aluminium hydroxide seed
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/20—Particle morphology extending in two dimensions, e.g. plate-like
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/54—Particles characterised by their aspect ratio, i.e. the ratio of sizes in the longest to the shortest dimension
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/61—Micrometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 micrometer
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
- Fireproofing Substances (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP88102017A EP0327660B1 (de) | 1988-02-11 | 1988-02-11 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Füllstoffen und Flammschutzmitteln auf der Basis von Aluminiumhydroxid in Form von Hydrargillit |
| EP88102017.6 | 1988-02-11 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01308824A true JPH01308824A (ja) | 1989-12-13 |
Family
ID=8198717
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1030094A Pending JPH01308824A (ja) | 1988-02-11 | 1989-02-10 | 水酸化アルミニウムを主体とする充填剤および防炎剤の製造方法、およびプラスチック用補強剤 |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5100641A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| EP (1) | EP0327660B1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| JP (1) | JPH01308824A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| AT (1) | ATE83222T1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| DE (1) | DE3876615D1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| ES (1) | ES2037749T3 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| GR (1) | GR3007003T3 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| HU (1) | HU206188B (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4039053A1 (de) * | 1990-12-07 | 1992-06-11 | Henkel Kgaa | Polyglycerine im bayer-prozess |
| CA2126914A1 (en) * | 1993-06-30 | 1994-12-31 | Gillain Mary Moody | Production of alumina |
| US5435986A (en) * | 1994-08-30 | 1995-07-25 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | Method for preparing high purity aluminum hydroxide |
| GB9726117D0 (en) | 1997-12-11 | 1998-02-11 | Isis Innovation | Process for producing alumina |
| GB9800855D0 (en) | 1998-01-15 | 1998-03-11 | Allied Colloids Ltd | Production of alumina |
| US7976821B2 (en) * | 2005-06-23 | 2011-07-12 | Nalco Company | Composition and method for improved aluminum hydroxide production |
| KR101374985B1 (ko) * | 2005-11-24 | 2014-03-14 | 스미또모 가가꾸 가부시끼가이샤 | 깁사이트 유형 수산화 알루미늄 입자 |
| US9284625B2 (en) * | 2007-11-20 | 2016-03-15 | Nalco Company | Use of polyols as scale control reagents in the mining processes |
| EP2222600A1 (en) * | 2007-11-30 | 2010-09-01 | Nanologica AB | Method for manufacturing a nanoporous alumina based materials with controlled textural and particle size and nanoporous alumina obtained by said method |
| CN102060315A (zh) * | 2010-12-08 | 2011-05-18 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | 利用一缩二乙二醇生产氢氧化铝的方法 |
| CN102557093B (zh) * | 2012-03-01 | 2015-03-18 | 东北大学 | 一种用于拜尔法生产氧化铝工艺中的添加剂及其制备方法 |
| CN112678853B (zh) * | 2019-10-18 | 2023-04-18 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 片状晶粒薄水铝石及其制备方法 |
| CN113666402B (zh) * | 2021-08-13 | 2022-07-08 | 吉林大学 | 一种羟基氧化铝纳米材料及其制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE636707C (de) * | 1933-07-26 | 1936-10-15 | Chemische Fabriken Akt Ges Gam | Verfahren zur Ausfaellung von Tonerdehydrat aus Alkalialuminatloesungen |
| US3105053A (en) * | 1955-02-21 | 1963-09-24 | Socony Mobil Oil Co Inc | Process for preparing alumina hydrosol and gel |
| GB1123184A (en) * | 1964-08-25 | 1968-08-14 | Andrija Fuderer | Improved method for recovering alumina from aluminate liquor |
| US3874889A (en) * | 1973-06-13 | 1975-04-01 | Aluminum Co Of America | Fire retardant composition |
| CA1069486A (en) * | 1975-11-10 | 1980-01-08 | Nalco Chemical Company | Method of preparing a controlled pore volume alumina with citric acid |
| DE3131088C2 (de) * | 1981-08-06 | 1984-11-29 | Vereinigte Aluminium-Werke AG, 1000 Berlin und 5300 Bonn | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Aluminiumhydroxid |
| FR2560591B1 (fr) * | 1984-03-02 | 1986-09-19 | Rhone Poulenc Spec Chim | Procede de fabrication d'hydrargillite |
| US4822593A (en) * | 1986-12-11 | 1989-04-18 | Aluminum Company Of America | Control of form of crystal precipitation of aluminum hydroxide using cosolvents and varying caustic concentration |
| US4900537A (en) * | 1986-12-11 | 1990-02-13 | Biotage, Inc. | Control of form of crystal precipitation of aluminum hydroxide using cosolvents and varying caustic concentration |
-
1988
- 1988-02-11 DE DE8888102017T patent/DE3876615D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-02-11 ES ES198888102017T patent/ES2037749T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-02-11 AT AT88102017T patent/ATE83222T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-02-11 EP EP88102017A patent/EP0327660B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1989
- 1989-02-10 HU HU89631A patent/HU206188B/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-02-10 JP JP1030094A patent/JPH01308824A/ja active Pending
- 1989-02-13 US US07/310,259 patent/US5100641A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1993
- 1993-01-29 GR GR930400192T patent/GR3007003T3/el unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GR3007003T3 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) | 1993-07-30 |
| ES2037749T3 (es) | 1993-07-01 |
| ATE83222T1 (de) | 1992-12-15 |
| EP0327660B1 (de) | 1992-12-09 |
| EP0327660A1 (de) | 1989-08-16 |
| DE3876615D1 (de) | 1993-01-21 |
| US5100641A (en) | 1992-03-31 |
| HU206188B (en) | 1992-09-28 |
| HUT49545A (en) | 1989-10-30 |
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