JPH0124320Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] (Field of industrial application) This invention is installed on balconies, overhangs, and other floor surfaces of high-rise buildings and general residential buildings, and is used in emergency evacuations such as fires. , relates to an improvement of an evacuation ladder device in which a pantograph type ladder is retractably attached within a storage box.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, as an evacuation ladder device in which a pantograph type ladder is retractably attached within a storage box, there is known one disclosed in, for example, Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 130600/1983.

That is, in this evacuation ladder device, a plurality of links are pivoted in an X-shape, and a plurality of links are connected in the vertical direction, and two sets of these connected items are placed facing each other and connected by an appropriate number of horizontal members arranged in the vertical direction. It is composed of a pantograph type ladder and a storage box etc. equipped with a pair of left and right guide plates in a horizontal state, and the front link end at the top of the pantograph type ladder is pivotally connected to the guide plate, and The end of the side link is movably attached to the guide plate.

(Problem to be solved by the invention) However, the uppermost rear link end of the pantograph ladder is provided with a pin, a roller is pivotally supported on the pin, and this is inserted into a long hole bored in the guide plate. Since the pantograph ladder is movably attached to the guide plate by rolling, it is extremely complicated to attach the pantograph type ladder to the storage box.

In addition, because guide plates are hung horizontally on the left and right sides of the storage box, the area of the evacuation exit is narrowed and the guide plates get in the way, making it difficult for evacuees to descend smoothly. Nakatsuta.

Furthermore, the pantograph ladder is provided with clearances at the connection points of each link, etc. so that it can immediately go from the folded state to the extended state during evacuation. As a result, pantograph-style ladders tend to lose their shape when loaded with the weight of evacuees and extend rapidly, creating a sense of insecurity among evacuees, resulting in a lack of safety.

The present invention was devised to solve the above problems, and its purpose is to make it easy to attach a pantograph-type ladder to a storage box, and to allow evacuees to descend smoothly and easily. An object of the present invention is to provide an evacuation ladder device that can restrict elongation due to deformation.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the evacuation ladder device of the present invention has a pair of vertical members superimposed in an X shape, their intersection points are pivotally connected, and the It has a pair of left and right vertical members arranged in an appropriate number in the longitudinal direction and connects their ends so that they can expand and contract, and a pair of horizontal members arranged in an appropriate number in the longitudinal direction of the vertical members to connect the left and right vertical members. In an evacuation ladder device in which a pantograph-type ladder is retractably attached to a storage box, a support plate located only in the front part of the storage box is provided on the front member of the storage box, and the support plate includes a pantograph-type ladder. A receiving portion is formed to pivotally connect the uppermost front vertical member pieces of both vertical members of the ladder and to receive and hold the uppermost rear vertical member pieces of both vertical members when the pantograph type ladder is extended; Between the front member of the storage box and the pantograph ladder, the rear vertical member is received by the receiving part so that the pantograph ladder can be extended and lowered straight, and the extended pantograph ladder can be swung in the front direction. A holder is provided to restrict the movement, and in the longitudinal direction of the pantograph ladder and between the intersection points of the X-shaped vertical members, there is a folding member that forms a straight line when the pantograph ladder is extended and restricts its extension. Reinforcing members that can be folded are interposed, and each of the vertical members is provided with an elastic member that urges the reinforcing members to fold in a straight line.

(Function) When a pantograph type ladder stored in a folded state in a storage box is lowered during an emergency evacuation such as a fire, the pantograph type ladder gradually extends due to its own weight. At this time, the pantograph ladder extends straight down so that the uppermost rear vertical piece is received by the receiving part of the support plate by the holder.

When the pantograph ladder extends to a certain length, the uppermost rear vertical member piece is received by the receiving portion of the support plate, and the reinforcing member is aligned in a straight line to restrict its extension.

As a result, evacuees can descend safely along the pantograph ladder.

On the other hand, when the pantograph type ladder is folded after use, the reinforcing member is automatically folded in an orderly manner by the force applied by the elastic member.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the evacuation ladder device 1 includes a storage box 2, a pantograph-type ladder 3 extendably attached to the storage box 2, a support plate 4 provided on the storage box 2, and Its main parts are composed of the holder 5, a reinforcing member 19 provided on the vertical member 16 of the pantograph ladder 3, an elastic member 20, and the like.

The storage box 2 includes a main body 10 that is framed in a rectangular plane by four upright plates 6, 7, 8, and 9 on the front, rear, left, and right sides to form an evacuation exit, and a main body 10 that has a frame on the top of the front upright plate 6 of the main body 10. Top lid 12 that is pivoted 11 and can be opened upward
, a lower lid 14 that is pivotally mounted 13 to the lower part of the upright plate 6 and can be lowered, and a synchronous interlocking mechanism 15 that opens and closes the upper lid 12 and the lower lid 14 synchronously. Incidentally, the storage box 2 may be one disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 53-27600.

The storage box 2 is fixed by fitting the main body 10 into an opening made in the floor of a veranda or an overhang of a high-rise building or a general residential building.

The pantograph type ladder 3 includes a pair of vertical members 16 that have the same structure on the left and right and are extendable and retractable, and vertical members 1 on the left and right.
Appropriate number of horizontal members 17 and horizontal bars 18 connecting 6 comrades
, a foldable reinforcing member 19 attached to the vertical member 16 , and an elastic member 20 provided to the vertical member 16 .

Specifically, the vertical member 16 includes a pair of vertical member pieces 2
1 and 22 are stacked in an X shape, and their intersections 23 are pivotally connected with rivets, pins, etc., and a plurality of X-shaped vertical pieces 21 and 22 are arranged in the vertical direction, and the vertical pieces 2
Connect the ends of 1 and 22 with rivets, pins, etc. 2
4, the vertical member pieces 21 and 22 are made of links.

The pair of vertical members 16 are connected by a suitable number of horizontal members 17 and horizontal bars 18 arranged at equal intervals in the vertical direction. That is, the left and right vertical members 16 are located above the 24 points of connection of the X-shaped vertical members 21 and 22, and at the ends of the horizontal members 17 made of circular pipes on the inner surface of the inner vertical member 21. At the same time, the 24 connecting points on the front side of the vertical pieces 21 and 22 are connected to the horizontal bar 1.
They are connected by connecting with 8. In addition, the uppermost left and right vertical pieces 21 and 22 are the front support rods 25.
and a rear support rod 26, respectively.
The reason why the horizontal members 17 are welded to the inner surfaces of the vertical members 21 is to facilitate assembly of the ladder 3.

An X-shaped vertical member piece 2 in the longitudinal direction of the vertical member 16
A foldable reinforcing member 19 is interposed between each intersection 23 of 1 and 22, respectively. In this embodiment, two links 19', 19' are used as the reinforcing member 19, and one ends of these links 19', 19' are pivotally connected to each other with rivets, etc., and both ends are connected with an X-shaped vertical The pieces 21 and 22 are pivotally connected to adjacent intersection points 23 and 23 by rivets or the like, respectively. Therefore, the reinforcing member 1
9, that is, each link 19', 19' is in a straight line when the pantograph type ladder 3 is extended to restrict the extension of the ladder 3, and is in a folded state when it is shortened.

An elastic member 20, that is, a cylindrical rubber body is fixed to the outer surface of the outer vertical piece 22 at a position near the intersection 23 of the vertical pieces 21 and 22 with bolts, nuts, adhesive, etc. When the links 19', 19' of the reinforcing member 19 are in a straight line, the body is pressed by the side end surface of the link 19' and deforms a little. Each link 19' becomes straight due to the elastic force of the rubber body,
19' is energized to be folded in a certain direction.

Although the vertical pieces 21 and 22 are made of links, they are not limited to this, and the vertical pieces may be made of circular pipes, square pipes, or the like. or,
Although the horizontal member 17 is made of a circular pipe, it is not limited to this. The horizontal member 17 may be made of a square pipe, a square bar, a round bar, etc. Furthermore, the horizontal member 17 can be made of a vertical member piece 21. The welding position is not limited to the above-mentioned position, but is arbitrary.

And, in the storage box 2, there is a pantograph type ladder 3.
A support plate 4 for attaching the ladder 3 to the ladder 3, and a holder 5 that allows the ladder 3 to be extended and lowered straightly and restricts the swinging of the extended ladder 3 in the front direction are provided.

That is, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the support plate 4 is fixed to the front member of the storage box 2, that is, the upright plate 6, via a bracket 27, and is located only in the front part of the storage box 2. ing. A front vertical member 21 at the top of both vertical members 16, 16 of the pantograph ladder 3 is pivotally attached to this support plate 4, and in this embodiment, a front support rod 25 connecting the vertical members 21 is attached. It is pivotally mounted 28 to the support plate 4. Further, the support plate 4 has a receiving portion 4' that receives and holds the uppermost rear vertical member piece 22 of both vertical members 16, 16 when the ladder 3 is extended.
In this embodiment, the rear support rod 26 connecting the vertical pieces 22 is fitted into the receiving part 4' when the ladder 3 is extended (see FIG. 5).
The reinforcing member 19 of the ladder 3 is set to be in a straight line when the rear support rod 26 is fitted into the receiving portion 4'.

On the other hand, the holder 5 is provided between the front member of the storage box 2, that is, the upright plate 6, and the pantograph ladder 3, and the holder 5 is connected to the uppermost rear vertical piece 22.
The pantograph type ladder 3 is straightly extended and lowered so that it is received by the receiving portion 4' of the support plate 4, and the swinging of the extended ladder 3 in the front direction is restricted.

Specifically, the holder 5 includes a holder plate 5' which is fixed to a support rod 29 installed horizontally between the support plates 4, and whose end surface can come into contact with the horizontal rod 18 of the folded ladder 3; Roughly U-shaped holding rod 5'' pivotably mounted
When the holding rod 5'' is in a vertical position, it is prevented from rotating in the forward direction by a stopper 5 formed on the holding plate 5'.

The evacuation ladder device 1 of this embodiment includes a winding device 30 that shortens the pantograph ladder 3 and re-stores it in the storage box 2, and a lowering device 31 that reduces the extension and descent speed of the ladder 3. Equipped.

That is, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the winding device 30 includes a rotating shaft 33 rotatably but immovably supported in the axial direction by a bracket 32 fixed to the front support rod 25 of the ladder 3; a wire rope 35 of an appropriate length, one end of which is connected to the drum 34 and the other end of which is connected to the horizontal bar 18 at the lowest end of the ladder 3, and a ratchet gear 36 which is fixed to the rotating shaft 33. , an operating body 38 having a pawl 37 which is pivotally connected to the bracket 32 and can be removably engaged with the ratchet gear 36; and a pawl 37 of the operating body 38 which is interposed between the bracket 32 and the operating body 38.
7 is constituted by a coil spring capable of holding the operating body 38 in each position so that it can take a position where it can engage with the ratchet gear 36 and a position where it cannot engage with the ratchet gear 36.

When the claw 37 and the ratchet gear 36 are engaged with the wire rope 35 wound around the drum 34, the ladder 3 is held in the folded state.
Furthermore, when the claw 37 and the ratchet gear 36 are disengaged, the ladder 3 extends and descends due to its own weight.

On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 8, the lowering device 31 includes a brake plate 40 loosely fitted to the rotating shaft 33 so as to be non-rotatable and movable in the axial direction, and a plurality of brake plates protruding from the bracket 32. pin 41 and rotating shaft 3
3 and a pressing plate 42 that is loosely fitted to the pin 41 so as to be movable in the axial direction and can move the brake plate 40; and a movable body 43 that is loosely fitted to the rotating shaft 33 so as to be movable in the axial direction and can move the pressing plate 42. , an arm 45 that is rotatably supported on the rotating shaft 33 and can move the movable body 43; a weight 47 attached to the arm 45; and a movable body that is interposed between the bracket 32 and the pressing plate 42. 43 and a compression spring 46 that constantly biases the pressing plate 42 in the direction of separating it from the bracket 32.

Therefore, when the rotating shaft 33 is stationary,
The arm 45, movable body 43 and pressing plate 42 are in the position shown in FIG. Further, when the pantograph ladder 3 extends and descends and the rotating shaft 33 is rotating, the arm 45 rotates in the direction of arrow A due to centrifugal force.
Then, the movable body 43 and the pressing plate 42 move in the direction of arrow B against the urging force of the spring 46,
The brake plate 40 is pressed against the bracket 32.
At this time, the rotational speed of the rotating shaft 33 is weakened by the frictional force between the brake plate 40 and the bracket 32.
As a result, the speed at which the ladder 3 extends and descends is reduced.

Next, the operation of the evacuation ladder device 1 will be explained.

Pantograph type ladder 3 is always connected to Figures 3 and 4.
As shown in the figure, it is stored in the storage box 2 in a folded state.

When the upper lid 12 of the storage box 2 is also opened during an emergency evacuation such as a fire, the lower lid 14 is also opened by the synchronous interlocking mechanism 15.

Next, after confirming the safety downstairs, the winding device 30 is
When the engagement between the ratchet gear 36 and the pawl 37 is released, the rear support rod 26 at the top of the pantograph ladder 3 moves diagonally downward toward the receiving portion 4' of the support plate 4 due to its own weight, and gradually moves downward. Stretch.
At this time, the rotational speed of the rotating shaft 33 is moderated by the descending device 31, so that the ladder 3 does not extend suddenly. Further, since the lowering device 31 includes a compression spring 46, the brake plate 40 is not pressed excessively against the bracket 32, and the frictional force between the two is always in an optimum state. As a result, the ladder 3 can be extended well and reliably. Furthermore, the ladder 3 has its horizontal bar 18
Since it is in contact with the holding body 5, it extends and descends straight.

When the pantograph ladder 3 extends to a certain length, its extension is restricted by the reinforcing member 19, and the uppermost rear support rod 26 fits into the receiving portion 4' of the support plate 4 and is held there. (See Figure 2). At this time, since the reinforcing member 19 of the ladder 3 is in a straight line and the upper horizontal bar 18 is in contact with the holder 5 as shown in FIG. 5, the ladder 3 is prevented from deforming or elongating. At the same time, the swinging of the ladder 3 in the front direction is restricted.

Therefore, the ladder 3 becomes rigid when extended, does not lose its shape even under the load of the evacuee, and does not swing back and forth or flex in the same direction even if the evacuee descends along it. The evacuees can descend extremely safely.

On the other hand, when storing the ladder 3 in the storage box 2 again after using it, the rotating shaft 33 of the winding device 30 is turned by a handle (not shown) to rotate the drum 34, and the wire rope 35 is sequentially attached to the drum 34. Wind it up. Then, the ladder 3 is connected to the rear support rod 26.
comes out of the receiving part 4', moves obliquely upward, gradually shortens, and is stored in the storage box 2. At this time,
The reinforcing member 19 is rotated in a certain direction by the elastic force of the elastic member 20, and is automatically and neatly folded.

Incidentally, the pantograph type ladder 3 is not limited to the structure of the above embodiment, but may include at least vertical pieces 21 and 22, a cross member 17, a horizontal bar 18, a reinforcing member 19, and an elastic member 20. For example, its structure is arbitrary.

Furthermore, the storage box 2 is not limited to the structure of the above embodiment.

(Effects of the invention) As mentioned above, the evacuation ladder device of the invention has a support plate having a receiving part in the storage box, and only the top front vertical member piece of both vertical members of the ladder is pivotally connected to this support plate. Therefore, attaching the ladder to the storage box is extremely easy compared to conventional ones.

Further, the support plate is provided on the front side member of the storage box,
Moreover, since it is located only in the front part of the storage box,
The area of the evacuation exit can be widened, and the evacuee can descend smoothly and smoothly without the support plate getting in the way when descending.

Furthermore, since a holder is installed in the storage box to restrict the swinging of the extended ladder in the front direction, even if an evacuee descends along the ladder, the ladder will not swing significantly in the front and back directions, making it easier to evacuate. people can evacuate very safely.

However, in the longitudinal direction of the vertical members of the ladder and between each intersection of the X-shaped vertical members, foldable reinforcing members are interposed, which form a straight line when the ladder is extended and restrict the extension. Because of this, the ladder does not lose its shape even under the load of the evacuee when it is extended, and the entire ladder becomes a rigid body. As a result, evacuees can descend safely without feeling anxious.

In addition, because the vertical members of the ladder are equipped with elastic members that force the reinforcing members to fold in a straight line, the reinforcing members are automatically folded in a certain direction when the ladder is folded. Become. As a result, the ladder can be simply and easily folded without requiring great force during its folding. However, the reinforcing member can be neatly folded.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional front view of the evacuation ladder device with the upper and lower lids of the storage box opened and the pantograph ladder in an extended state; Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along the - line in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is a plan view showing the pantograph ladder stored in the storage box with the upper and lower covers removed, Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along the - line in Fig. 3, and Fig. 5 is - in Fig. 1.
6 is a partially cutaway plan view of the winding device and the slow-down device, FIG. 7 is a side view of the wind-up device, FIG. 8 is a front view of the slow-down device, and FIG. 9 is a partially cutaway plan view of the winding device and slow-down device. Figure -
FIG. 1 is an evacuation ladder device, 2 is a storage box, 3 is a pantograph type ladder, 4 is a support plate, 5 is a holding body, 16 is a vertical member, 17 is a cross member, 19 is a reinforcing member, 20 is an elastic member, 21, 22 is a vertical piece.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A pair of vertical pieces 21 and 22 are overlapped in an X shape, and their intersection 23 is pivotally connected, and this X-shaped vertical piece 2
A pair of left and right vertical members 16, 16 in which an appropriate number of vertical members 1, 22 are arranged in the vertical direction and their ends 24 are connected to each other so as to be expandable and contractible.
An evacuation ladder in which a pantograph type ladder 3 is extendably installed inside the storage box 2, and a pantograph type ladder 3 is provided with horizontal members 17 arranged in an appropriate number in the longitudinal direction of the vertical members 16, 16 and connecting the left and right vertical members 16, 16. In the device, a support plate 4 located only in the front part of the storage box 2 is provided on the front member of the storage box 2, and the support plate 4 has the uppermost parts of both vertical members 16, 16 of the pantograph ladder 3. A receiving part 4' to which the front vertical pieces 21, 21 of the pantograph type ladder 3 are pivoted, and which receives and holds the topmost rear vertical pieces 22, 22 of both vertical members 16, 16 when the pantograph type ladder 3 is extended. Between the front member of the storage box 2 and the pantograph ladder 3, the rear vertical pieces 22, 22 can be received by the receiving portion 4' so that the pantograph ladder 3 can be straightly extended and lowered. , a holder 5 is provided to restrict the swinging of the extended pantograph ladder 3 in the front direction, and each of the X-shaped vertical pieces 21, 22 in the longitudinal direction of the vertical members 16, 16 of the pantograph ladder 3 is provided. Foldable reinforcing members 19 are interposed between the intersection points 23 to form a straight line when the pantograph ladder 3 is extended to restrict the extension, and reinforcing members 19 that form a straight line are provided on the vertical members 16, 16, respectively. An evacuation ladder device characterized by being provided with an elastic member 20 that urges the ladder 19 to fold.