JPH0337645Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to an improvement of a gradual descender used in a folding ladder evacuation device.

(Prior art) In high-rise buildings such as apartments and offices, in order to ensure the safety of people in the event of a fire, Figures 10 and 1 are installed on the floors of balconies, hallways, etc.
A folding ladder type evacuation device as shown in Figure 1 is installed (Jitsuhei No. 1-24320, etc.).

That is, this folding ladder type evacuation device consists of a storage box main body B embedded in the floor surface A, an upper lid C ₁ and a lower lid C ₂ attached to the storage box main body B, and an upper lid C ₁ and a lower lid C ₂ . It consists of a link mechanism D for interlocking opening and closing, a metal folding ladder E stored in a folded state in the storage box main body B, and a gradual descender for reducing the descending speed of the folding ladder E. Under normal conditions, it is embedded in the floor A in the state shown in Figure 10.

In the event of a fire, etc., first open the upper cover _C1 (the lower cover _C2 is also opened at the same time),
Next, the pedal G' of the folding ladder lifting support mechanism G as shown in FIGS. In addition, the wire J that pulls up and supports the folded ladder E is released. This results in
Ladder E descends due to its own weight as shown in Figure 11,
People evacuate to the lower floor via this extended ladder E.

By the way, the metal folding ladder E has a weight of about
Since it weighs about 10 to 15 kg, the speed at which it descends under its own weight is quite high. As a result, in the unlikely event that someone is on the lower floor, there is a problem in that not only will the person be harmed, but the folding ladder will also be damaged by the mechanical impact.

Therefore, this type of folding ladder evacuation device has
Normally, the gradual descender F as shown in Fig. 13 is connected to the storage box main body B.
The lowering speed of the ladder E due to its own weight is reduced through a wire J connected to the lowest end of the folding ladder E.

That is, the conventional gradual descender F has a drive shaft K, a drum L, a wire rope J, a brake disc M, a brake shoe O, a lever P, and a weight Q as shown in FIG.
, a spring R, a movable plate S, etc., and is attached to the upper end of the storage box main body B or a folding ladder fixed to the storage box main body B. Also, the tip of the wire rope J is connected to the lowest end of the ladder E (Utokokoi No. 1-24320, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1983-80266).
No., Special Publication No. 54-23760, etc.).

When the folded ladder E begins to descend under its own weight, the wire rope J wound around the drum L
The drive shaft K rotates as the
This causes the weight Q and lever P to rotate. As a result, the centrifugal force of the weight Q pushes the movable plate S to the right via the lever P, a braking force acts between the brake disc M and the brake shoe O, and the descending speed of the ladder E is reduced.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, all of the conventional gradual descenders have a structure in which the braking force is obtained by using the centrifugal force of a weight Q or the like. Therefore, there is a problem in that the centrifugal force acting on the lever is extremely small when the ladder E begins to descend, and the braking force does not work immediately. As a result, the ladder will expand rapidly for the first few meters.
A large impact was applied to the joints of each member of the ladder, causing failures.

In addition, the conventional gradual descenders require an extremely large number of parts, which complicates assembly, complicates the structure, and increases costs.

Furthermore, the structure is complex, which makes it easy to break down, requiring time for maintenance and inspection, and when folding and storing the ladder once extended, the drive shaft K must be rotated using a handle. The disadvantage is that the ladder cannot be folded and stored quickly.

The present invention is an attempt to solve the above-mentioned problems with conventional gradual descenders for folding ladders, and by utilizing mechanical frictional force acting on the belt, the folding ladder is lowered by its own weight. Sufficient braking force is obtained immediately after starting the ladder, and the ladder can be lowered smoothly and reliably at an appropriate speed.The structure is simplified to reduce manufacturing costs and the frequency of failures. The present invention provides a slow descender that enables

(Means for Solving the Problems) In the present invention, a belt 4 whose one end is connected to the lower end of a folding ladder 15 is slidably sandwiched between a first holder 2 and a second holder 3, and the belt 4 is In the gradual descender for a folding ladder that reduces the descending speed of the folding ladder 15 that descends due to its own weight by applying a braking force by friction, the gradual descender 1 is arranged in an "opposed manner". two first support plates 5, 5 provided with positioning notches 7 on their upper sides; both first support plates 5, 5, and a first fixed body 6 having a plurality of first protruding curved surface portions 6' that contact the belt 4 at regular intervals; Two second support plates 8, 8 are arranged facing each other with an interval larger than the interval between the support plates 5, 5; A plurality of plates that connect and fix the second support plates 8, 8, abut the notches 7, 7 of the first support plates 5, 5, and come into contact with the belt 4 by meshing with the first protruding curved surface portion 6'. and a second fixed body 10 having second protruding curved surface portions 10' spaced apart from each other at regular intervals; A support shaft 11 that rotatably connects the proximal end of the first holder 2 and a fixture 12 that holds and fixes the distal end of the first holder 2 and the distal end of the second holder 3 in a facing manner, A belt 4 whose one end is connected to the lower end of the folding ladder 15 and which is sandwiched in a meandering manner between the first curved protrusion portion 6' and the second curved protrusion portion 10' of both the holders 2 and 3. ” is the basic structure of the idea.

(Function) The belt 4, which has one end connected to the lower end of the folding ladder 15, passes between the first holder 2 and the second holder 3 of the gradual descender 1 and is pulled up into the storage box main body 16, thereby preventing tangles. It is placed above the folded ladder 15 in a folded state. Further, a mechanical friction force of an appropriate magnitude is applied to the belt 4 by the protruding curved surface portions 6', 10' of both the holders 2, 3 of the gradual descender 1.

When a person opens the upper lid of the storage box main body 16 in the event of a fire or the like, the lower lid is opened in conjunction with this. Next, when the person releases the lifting support mechanism of the folding ladder 15, the folding ladder 15 starts to descend under its own weight, and as the ladder descends, the belt 4 is pulled downward. At this time, since both the front and back surfaces of the belt 4 slide while contacting the curved surfaces 6' and 10' of the gradual descender, the descending speed of the ladder 15 is weakened by the frictional force, and the ladder 15 is moved at an appropriate speed. Descend safely at speed. In particular, since the belt 4 is in contact with both protruding curved surfaces 6' and 10' of the gradual descender from the beginning of the descent of the ladder 15, as soon as the ladder 15 begins to descend, sufficient braking force is applied and the descending It will be a gradual decline from the beginning.

In addition, the first holder 2 and the second holder 3 of the gradual descender 1
is always fixed by the fixture 12, and the notch 7 provided in the first holder 2 allows the second holder 3 to be accurately positioned relative to the first holder 2, so that both holders Projected curved surface portions 6', 1 of bodies 2, 3
The spacing between 0' is precisely regulated. the result,
A constant braking force is always applied to the belt 4, and the ladder can be extended and lowered more smoothly and reliably.

When the lowered folding ladder 15 is folded and stored in the storage box main body 16 in its original state, the first holding body 2 and the second holding body 3 of the gradual descender 1 are released, and the first holding body 2 and the second holding body 3 are released. After the second holding body 3 is rotated in a direction away from the first holding body 2, the belt 4 is pulled up and the folding ladder 15 is folded. At this time, the belt 4 is
Since it is in a free state, it can be easily pulled up without experiencing any frictional resistance. the result,
The work of storing the ladder 15 can be done simply and easily.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings.

1 to 6 show a gradual descender 1 of a folding ladder evacuation device according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and the gradual descender 1 includes a first holder 2, a second holder, It is composed of a body 3, a belt 4, a support shaft 11, a fixture 12, and the like.

The first holder 2 includes a pair of opposing first support plates 5 and a first support plate that connects the first support plates 5 and 5.
It is formed from a fixed body 6. In addition, the first
The fixed body 6 includes a plurality of fixed shafts 6a arranged horizontally.
The upper outer circumferential surface of each fixed shaft 6a serves as a first protruding curved surface portion 6'. Further, a notch 7 is formed on the upper side of each of the first support plates 5, 5 for positioning a second fixed body 10 of the second holding body 3, which will be described later.

The second holder 3 includes a pair of opposing second support plates 8, 8, a flat plate 9 that connects the tips of the second support plates 8, 8, and a flat plate 9 that connects the second support plates 8, 8. It is formed from the second fixed body 10. Further, the second fixed body 10 is formed of a plurality of fixed shafts 10a arranged horizontally at the same pitch as the fixed shaft 6a, and the lower outer circumferential surface of each fixed shaft 10a forms the second protruding surface curved portion 10. ’.

As shown in FIG. 1, the first holding body 2 and the second holding plate 3 connect the base end portions of the second holding plates 8, 8 of the second holding body 3 to the first supporting plate of the first holding body 2. 5, 5, and are rotatably connected by a support shaft 11, and when both holders 2, 3 are fixed facing each other, as shown in FIG. In this manner, the first curved protrusion 6' of the first holder 2 and the second curved protrusion 10' of the second holder 3 are engaged with each other.

Further, when the first holding body 2 and the second holding body 3 are fixed to face each other, each fixed shaft 10a forming the second fixed body 10 is connected to the first supporting plate 5, as shown in FIG. 5, and both fixed shafts 6a, 10a
The spacing between them is regulated.

The belt 4 is inserted between the first protruding curved surface portion 6' of the first holding body 2 and the second protruding curved surface portion 10' of the second holding body 3. In this example,
A belt 4 made of cloth is used, and its length is set to be slightly longer than the overall length of the ladder.

The belt 4 is sandwiched between the first curved protrusion portion 6' and the second curved protrusion portion 10' to form a meandering shape, and its front and back surfaces extend to both curved protrusion portions 6' and 10'. are in contact. Also, the degree of this contact is
The setting is such that when the load of the ladder 15 is applied to the belt 4, the belt 4 moves slowly.

The fixture 12 has a first holder 2 facing the
and both ends of the second holding body 3 are fixed. That is, the fixture 12 is formed of a flexible plate material into a substantially inverted U shape, and both ends thereof are expandable as shown in FIG.

Further, the fixture 12 is fixed to the flat plate 9 of the second holder 3, and when the second fixture 10 of the second holder 3 comes into contact with the notch 7 of the first holder 2, the fixture 12 is fixed to the flat plate 9 of the second holder 3. Both tips of 12 are the first support plates 5, 5 of the first holding body 2.
It is locked to the lower end surface of. As a result, the second holding body 3 is prevented from rotating upward, and the first holding body 2
becomes fixed. To release this fixed state, both ends of the fixture 12 are slightly expanded outward, and the ends are released from the first support plate 5.

In FIG. 1, 13 is a pin attached to the upper end of the belt 4 to prevent the belt from slipping off.

Further, 14 is a wedge fitted between the belt 4 and the support shaft 11 in order to prevent the belt 4 from descending. In this embodiment, the wedge 14 prevents the belt 4 from descending, so that the folding ladder is pulled up and supported into the storage box body in a folded state. Of course, the wedge 14 may be omitted by attaching it to the main body of the storage box and thereby pulling up and supporting the folding ladder.

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the gradual descender 1 of the present invention consists of a telescopic pantograph-type folding ladder 15 in which the first support plate 5 of the first holder 2 is attached to the storage box main body 16. It is housed in the storage box body 16 by fixing the upper end portion 15a or directly fixing it to the inner surface of the storage box body 16 by an appropriate method. Further, the belt 4 has its leading end connected to the lowest end of the ladder 15.

Therefore, when the folding ladder evacuation device is not in use,
After pulling up the belt 4 to fold the folding ladder 15 and sandwiching the belt 4 between the first holder 2 and the second holder 3 of the gradual descender, both holders 2 and 3 are attached to the fixture 12. Furthermore, a wedge 14 is fitted between the belt 4 and the support shaft 11 to prevent the belt 4 from falling. As a result, the ladder 15 is stored in the storage box main body 16 in a folded state.

Further, the upper end portion of the belt 4 that has been pulled up is placed on a ladder 15 which is folded and stored so as not to get tangled.

On the other hand, in the event of an emergency such as a fire, a person evacuating first opens the upper cover 17 and lower cover 18 of the storage box main body 16, and then pulls out the wedge 14. As a result, the folding ladder 15 descends while pulling the belt 4 by its own weight.

At this time, since the front and back surfaces of the belt 4 are in contact with the protruding curved surfaces 6' and 10' of the gradual descender, the descending speed of the ladder 15 is weakened by the friction, and the ladder 15 is safely moved at an appropriate speed. Stretch. In particular, belt 4
From the beginning of the descent of the ladder 15, the protruding curved surface portion 6',
10', when the ladder 15 begins to descend, a sufficient braking force is immediately applied, and the ladder 15 begins to descend gradually. In addition, since the pin 13 is attached to the base end of the belt 4, even if the ladder 15 is completely lowered, the belt 4 will not fall out from between the curved protrusions 6' and 10'.

When storing the folding ladder 15 that has been lowered, first rotate the second holder 3 upward as shown in FIGS. 1 and 6, then pull up the belt 4 and move the ladder 15 one by one. I'll shorten it. Since the belt 4 is not sandwiched between the protruding curved surface portions 6' and 10', it can be easily pulled up without experiencing any frictional resistance.

After the ladder 15 is in the retracted state, the second holding body 3
is rotated downward to sandwich the tip end side of the belt 4 between the two protruding curved surfaces 6' and 10', and the holding bodies 2 and 3 are fixed by the fixture 12, and the belt 4 and the support shaft are A wedge 14 is fitted between the belts 11 to prevent the belt 4 from moving.

In this embodiment, the first fixed body 6 and the second fixed body 10 are constructed using a plurality of fixed shafts 6a and a plurality of fixed shafts 10a, respectively. The second fixed body 10 is constructed using a corrugated plate material as shown in FIG.
The lower protrusion may be formed into protruding curved surface portions 6' and 10'.

Furthermore, although the belt 4 made of cloth is used in this embodiment, a belt made of leather may also be used.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, the belt 4 and the support shaft 1
1 to prevent movement of the belt 4, the means for fixing the belt 4 is not limited to the above embodiment;
Any structure may be used as long as it can prevent the movement of.

(Effect of the invention) As described above, the present invention has a structure in which the belt 4 is slidably sandwiched between the protruding curved surface portion 6' of the first holding body 2 and the protruding curved surface portion 10' of the second holding body 3. Therefore, as soon as the belt 4 starts moving, a constant frictional force acts on the belt 4. As a result, a constant braking force is applied to the folding ladder 15 via the belt 4 immediately after the ladder 15 starts descending.
The folding ladder 15 can be lowered extremely smoothly.

Further, in the present invention, the second fixing body 10 of the second holding body 3 is brought into contact with the notch 7 of the first holding body 2, and the second holding body 3 is attached to the first holding body 2 by the fixing tool 12. Since the structure is such that the belt 4 is fixed to the protruding curved surface portions, the distance between the two protruding curved surface portions is accurately regulated, and the belt 4 is always held between the two protruding curved surface portions 6' and 10' with a constant force. As a result, a constant braking force is reliably applied to the belt 4 at all times.

Furthermore, in the present invention, since the gradual descender 1 is constituted by the first holder 2, the second holder 3, the belt 4, the fixture 12, etc., it is different from the conventional gradual descender that brakes by centrifugal force. In comparison, the number of parts can be reduced, assembly and structure can be simplified, and costs can be significantly reduced.

In addition, in the present invention, since the base end of the second holder 3 is attached to the base end of the first holder 2 in a downwardly depressable manner, it is easy to separate the two holders 2 and 3. Belt 4 can be released.

As a result, the belt 4 can be easily pulled up without experiencing any frictional resistance, the folding ladder can be easily stored, and the belt 4 can be easily inserted.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a gradual descender according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view of the gradual descender according to the first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a plan view thereof, and FIG. 4 is the same as that shown in FIG.
A line sectional view, FIG. 5 is a - line sectional view of FIG. 2,
Figure 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the second holder when it has been rotated upwards, Figure 7 is an explanatory diagram showing the evacuation ladder with the gradual descender attached, and Figure 8 is an explanatory diagram showing the evacuation ladder with the gradual descender attached. FIG. 9 is a plan view showing the evacuation ladder folded and stored, and FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention. 10 and 11 are explanatory diagrams of the conventional folding ladder evacuation device, FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of the folding ladder lifting support mechanism in the conventional folding ladder evacuation device, and FIG. The figure is a plan view of a conventional gradual descender. 1 is a gradual descender, 2 is a first holding body, 3 is a second holding body, 4 is a belt, 5 is a first support plate, 6 is a first fixed body, and 6' is a first protrusion of the first fixed body. Curved surface portion, 7 is a notch, 8 is a second support plate, 10 is a second fixed body, 10'
12 is the second protruding curved surface portion of the second fixing body; 12 is the fixture;
15 is the folding ladder, and 16 is the storage box itself.

Claims (1)

[Claims for Utility Model Registration] A belt 4 whose one end is connected to the lower end of the folding ladder 15 is slidably sandwiched between the first holder 2 and the second holder 3, and a braking force due to friction is applied to the belt 4. In a folding ladder gradual descender which is designed to reduce the descending speed of the folding ladder 15 that descends under its own weight by giving 7
two first support plates 5, 5 provided with;
A plurality of first protruding curved surface portions 6' are horizontally interposed between the support plates 5, 5, connect and fix both the first support plates 5, 5, and contact the belt 4 at regular intervals. a first holding body 2 consisting of a first fixed body 6 having a first holding body 6; two second supporting plates 8 disposed facing each other with an interval larger than the interval between the first supporting plates 5, 5;
8; horizontally interposed between both second support plates 8, 8 to connect and fix each second support plate 8, 8, and abuts on the notches 7, 7 of the first support plates 5, 5; and a second fixed body 10 having a plurality of second protruding curved surface parts 10' spaced apart from each other at regular intervals, the second protruding curved surface parts 10' meshing with the first protruding curved surface parts 6' and contacting the belt 4.
a support shaft 11 that rotatably connects the base end of the first holder 2 and the base end of the second holder 3; a support shaft 11 that rotatably connects the base end of the first holder 2 and the second holder; a fixture 12 that holds and fixes the tip end of the body 3 in a facing manner;
A gradual descender for a folding ladder, comprising: a belt 4 sandwiched in a meandering manner between a protruding curved surface portion 10';