JPH01238406A - Levitation propeller for attraction type magnetic levitation vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a large propulsion force with a small exciting current by forming such that the width of a tooth becomes 0.25 to 0.5times of a pitch and the value obtained by dividing a tooth pitch by a rated gap length between the face of a magnetic rail and a pole face ranges from 7 to 12. CONSTITUTION:A magnetic rail 16 has a square wavelike rail surface 26 formed at a predetermined tooth pitch P in a direction along an orbit with one set of a groove 21 and a tooth 22 of equal widths as one pitch. The pole 41 of a guide electromagnet 14 facing oppositely the rail surface is formed at a square wavelike pole face 24 at the same pitch P as that of the rail surface 26 of the rail 16. When a rated gap length to be held at the time of traveling is g, the tooth pitch is P and the width of the tooth is a, the gap length (g) and the square waveform are so determined as to satisfy 7 to 12 of dimensional ratio P/g and 0.25 to 0.5 of dimensional ratio a/P. Thus, a propulsion force can be efficiently generated.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Field of Application] This invention is applicable to magnetic levitation vehicles such as magnetic levitation trains that levitate and propel without contacting magnetic rails, especially those that are supported by magnetic rails!
3. Related to a levitation propulsion device in which a levitation device consisting of a magnet and a guide electromagnet also serves as a propulsion device of the 11 near-relaxed smoke system. [Prior art] In magnetic levitation railways, etc., magnetic rails arranged on tracks, A system in which the levitation chamber is levitated and guided without contact with the magnetic rail by the magnetic attraction force acting between the support chamber S stone provided in the levitation vehicle and the guide electromagnet, and is propelled by a linear motor is widely known. It is important to reduce the weight of the floating vehicle in order to make it run at high speed!tll!
As a solution to this problem, the applicant of the present application has already proposed a linear reluctance motor-type suction magnetic levitation vehicle in which the levitation unit 11 also functions as a linear motor.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing an attraction type magnetic levitation vehicle using a linear reluctance motor, FIG. 7 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part, and FIG. 8 is an excitation waveform diagram. In FIG. 6, 14 is a salient pole-shaped guide electromagnet with a square wave-shaped magnetic pole surface, 15 is a salient pole-shaped support electromagnet with a square wave-shaped magnetic pole surface δ, and 16 is on both sides of the horizontal beam 7 of the track 8. A magnetic rail supported along a track having a sideways undulating rail surface 5 and a downward undulating rail surface %. Further, the guide electromagnet 14 is supported symmetrically on both sides of the truck 3 so as to face the rectangular wave-shaped rail surface 36 with its magnetic pole face facing sideways with a gap g therebetween, and the supporting electromagnet 15 has its magnetic pole face 5 facing downward. They are supported symmetrically on the trolley 3 so as to face each other with a gap g between them on the rail surface 36.

As shown in a horizontal cross-sectional view (hatching is omitted) of the magnetic rail 16 in FIG. 7, the magnetic rail 16 has a set of grooves 21. The rail surface has an angular wave shape formed with a constant tooth pitch P in the direction along the track, with teeth n being 1 and 1. Moreover, the guide electromagnet 14 facing this is
In the case of the figure, the iron core 40 has four magnetic poles 41 , 42 , 43
, 44 and an excitation coil 41A wound around each magnetic pole.
, 42A, 43A, 44A, and magnetic poles 41,
42 , 43 , and 44 each have a square wave-like magnetic pole surface with the same width and width as the square wave-like rail surface of the magnetic rail 16, and for example, the magnetic pole 42 has a quarter pitch with respect to the magnetic pole 41. The magnetic pole spacing G is set so that the magnetic poles 43 and 44 are shifted by 2/4 pitch, and the magnetic pole 44 is shifted by 3/4 pitch and 1 pitch, respectively.

In the magnetic levitation vehicle configured in this way, for example, the excitation coils 41A, 42A, 43A of the guide electromagnet 14
, and an exciting current generator 41 that supplies each of 44A,
I42 +143 and I44 are the direct current bias current Id mainly for applying a lateral guiding force to the guide electromagnet 14, and the guide electromagnet 1 as shown in FIG.
The magnetic poles 43 and 4 are formed by the sum of the pulse current Ip for giving thrust in the direction along the orbit to the magnetic poles 43 and 4.
For example, a magnetic flux is generated that circulates around the magnetic poles 42 and 41 in a clockwise direction, and as the directions of excitation currents I42 and I41 become opposite to each other, a magnetic flux that circulates around the magnetic poles 42 and 41 in a clockwise direction, for example, is generated. Further, a DC bias current is constantly supplied to each coil, and a pulse current Ip consisting of a square wave or trapezoidal wave with a pulse width T is an exciting current I44 * I43
r I42 and I41 are sequentially supplied adjacent to each other in the order.

Next, the thrust force acting on the guide electromagnet due to the excitation current shown in FIG. 8 will be explained. In FIG. 3, time t. The sum Id + Ip of the DC bias current 1d and the pulse current I flows through the excitation coil 44A from to tl,
Based on this, a magnetic flux of φd+φp is generated in the magnetic pole 44, and this magnetic flux mainly circulates around the adjacent magnetic pole 43 and a part of it also circulates on the other magnetic pole side, so that the tooth portion of the square wave-shaped magnetic pole surface of the magnetic pole 44 The amount of magnetic flux passing through is larger than that passing through the teeth of other magnetic poles. Since the thrust force F acting on the guide electromagnet 14 is mainly generated in the tooth portion where the magnetic flux is concentrated, a large thrust force is generated in the teeth of the magnetic pole 44, and the gap with the teeth on the opposing magnetic rail 16 side is A thrust force F acts to move the guide electromagnet 14 in the direction to correct the one-tenth pitch, that is, in the direction shown by the arrow that maximizes the reluctance of the gap g. In addition, the deviation in the position of the teeth of the magnetic pole 43 with respect to the teeth of the magnetic rail is reduced to 1/4 bi1.000. Then, from time 11 to As the current is supplied, the magnetic flux passing through the teeth of the magnetic pole 43 becomes maximum, and the guide/electromagnet 14 further moves by a quarter pitch in the direction of the arrow.
, 41, 44, and 43, the guide electromagnet 14 is continuously propelled stepwise in the direction of the arrow.

Note that since the direction of the thrust F is determined by the direction of deviation of the positions of the opposing teeth, there is a sensor on the guide electromagnet 14 side that detects the position of the teeth, and a control circuit that determines the excitation coil to supply the first pulse current based on the sensor output. By providing the guide electromagnet, in other words, the magnetic levitation vehicle 1 can be propelled in a desired direction.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

DC bias current 1 in the excitation shape shown in Figure 8
A system that generates thrust F by supplying a pulse current 1p not including d to an excitation coil is conventionally called a linear reluctance motor (or linear pulse motor).

For example, it is used as a driving device for an X-Y recorder. In this group of small device cabinets, the emphasis is on obtaining a large propulsion force, and the gap g is reduced to the thickness of a head of wheat. The size ratio p/g divided by the gap length g is usually about 50 to 50.

By the way, in the above-mentioned linear reluctance motor type suction type magnetic levitation vehicle, the guide! The magnet 14 and the support electromagnet 15 serve as a levitation device and a propulsion device, and the magnetic rail 16
(On the other hand, in order to levitate without contact and travel in a high-quality manner, the rated gap length g at ζ during high-speed travel is maintained at approximately 101, taking into account the fluctuation of the floating vehicle during travel and the curvature of the track.) Therefore, if the above-mentioned size ratio 'p is 21') or paternity 1, then 1! A problem arises in that the iron core lengths of the magnets 14 and 15 become long, which impedes the objective of reducing the weight of the floating vehicle. Also 1,
In Fig. 7 1, tooth pitch P, tooth width "l l a2
It is thought that dimensions such as 1 h and rated gap length g affect the propulsive force Fx, and at the same time affect the magnetic attraction force Fz that acts between the magnetic rail 16 and the electromagnet 14 or 15. , and further “I! magnets 14 and 15
It is thought that it also affects the size of the
The reality is that the optimal conditions for the above dimensions, levitation propulsion performance, and electromagnet weight reduction effect are not fully understood.

An object of the present invention is to obtain a larger propulsive force by using a more quantified linear reluctance motor type levitation propulsion device by elucidating the optimal combination of the above conditions.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to solve the above problems, according to the present invention, a magnetic rail disposed on the track side, a magnetic rail surface, a magnetic pole surface facing each other, and a plurality of magnetic poles arranged in a direction along the track (a floating vehicle A magnetic rail surface 8 on which a floating device consisting of a salient pole-shaped support electromagnet and a guide electromagnet arranged on the side faces each other.
The magnetic pole surface is formed into an angular wave shape in which grooves and teeth are arranged alternately in a direction along the orbit with constant tooth gaps and teeth, and the excitation current of each of the plurality of magnetic poles is pulsed based on a predetermined timing and order. (In systems that levitate and propel levitated vehicles without contact with magnetic rails,
The width of the teeth in the tooth pitch is 0.25 to 0.5 times the width, and the tooth pitch is divided by the rated gap length maintained between the magnetic rail surface and the magnetic pole surface. It is assumed that the number is in the range of 7 to 12.

[Effect]

The above means has a dimensional ratio a/P of the tooth width a to the tooth pitch P.
, magnetic field analysis is performed by changing the combination of the dimension ratio P/g of the gap length g and the tooth pitch P, and the propulsion electromagnetic force Fx,i,
As a result of investigating the relationship between
It was constructed based on the discovery that P has a peak value of approximately 0.38, and the 1 dimension ratio P/
Since g can be reduced from 0 to 12 in conventional linear reluctance morphs to about 7 to 12, it can support levitation and propulsion! It is possible to shorten the iron core length of the magnet and guide electromagnet, and the dimensional ratio a/P can be reduced to 0.
．． By selecting a value in the range of 25 to 0.5, a large propulsion force can be obtained with a smaller excitation current.

〔Example〕

The present invention will be explained below based on examples.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the main part of an embodiment of the present invention, and the overall configuration is almost the same as that of the linear reluctance motor type floating propulsion charging already explained with reference to FIGS. Wave-like magnetic ray, 1 then z6.36,
and the dimensional ratio of each part of the square wave-like magnetic pole surface u, 25 is shown more specifically. In the figure, 1g is the rated gap length that should be maintained when traveling.

P is the square wave-like magnetic rail surface A, 36. Angular wave-like magnetic pole surface 2
Tooth pitch at 4, 25, al, a2 =
:When a is the face width, the dimension ratio P/g is 7 to 12.
, the rated gap length g and the square wave shape are determined so that the dimension ratio a/P satisfies the range of 0.25 to 0.5.

The reason for limiting the dimension ratios P/g and a/P to the above ranges is explained below. The explanation will be based on the custom-made diagrams shown in FIGS. 2 to 5. No. 21A is a propulsion electromagnetic force ground-to-dimensional ratio a/P characteristic diagram in which the propulsion force Fx/P of a unit surface n-portion with respect to the dimension ratio a/P is standardized with the value at a/P = 0.5 as 1; Figure 3 is a propulsion electromagnetic force ratio vs. dimension ratio P/g % characteristic diagram standardized with the propulsive force Fx/P per unit area at the dimension ratio P, /g=lO as 1, and both are obtained using the finite element method. As is clear from Figure 0, which was obtained based on the research field analysis results of Shows the characteristics of a chevron with a peak value.

The support electromagnet 15. follows the dimension ratio P/g-K, which is normally used in conventional linear reluctance motors.
It is suggested that a levitation propulsion device that can most efficiently exert propulsive force can be obtained even if the length of the iron core 40 is shortened from half to one-fifth or less compared to the case where the guide electromagnet 14 is formed. There is. In addition, it was found that the peak value of the propulsive force can be obtained also for the dimension ratio a/P, so by combining these, the range of the dimension ratio P/g is 7 to 121, and the range of the dimension ratio - is 0.25 By setting the value to approximately 0.05, it is possible to obtain a levitation propulsion device that generates a large propulsive force using a miniaturized electromagnet.

Figures 4 and 5 show the suction obtained in the same manner as described above.
I! Magnetic force ratio vs. dimension ratio a/P characteristic diagram and dimension ratio P/g
It is a characteristic diagram, and from the figure, the attractive force per unit area acting between the magnetic rail 16 and the electromagnet 14 or 15 is Fz/
P indicates that when the gap length g is constant, the smaller the tooth pitch P and the larger the tooth width a that accounts for the tooth pitch P, the higher it becomes. This can be achieved by making the magnetic rail surface and magnetic pole surface waveform, which results in a magnetic attraction force F per unit area.
This is considered to suggest that z/P decreases somewhat. However, by limiting the size ratio P/g to about 7 to 12, the length of the electromagnet core 40 becomes longer than that of a conventional electromagnet core that also serves as propulsion, so the total area of the teeth also increases, and therefore the total magnetic flux It is thought that the amount will not decrease or the amount of decrease will be small. Therefore, a levitation propulsion device that can efficiently generate the maximum propulsive force Fx and the necessary magnetic attraction force Fz at the same time can be obtained by increasing the length of the electromagnetic core 40 somewhat.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, the present invention provides a levitation device for an attraction-type magnetically levitated vehicle, which is composed of a magnetic rail, a salient pole-shaped support electromagnet and a guide electromagnet arranged opposite to the magnetic rail, and a levitation device for an attraction-type magnetically levitated vehicle, which is configured to rotate the magnetic rail surface and the magnetic pole surface at an angle. In a device that combines levitation and propulsion by forming a wave shape, the dimensional ratio of the vine that most efficiently exerts the propulsive force is as follows: - The dimensional ratio P/g is in the range of 7 to 12, and the dimensional ratio a/P is 0. It was configured to be limited to a range of 25 to 0.5.

As a result, if we follow the range of dimension ratio P/g that has been adopted in conventional small linear reluctance motors, etc., electromagnetic The problem that the iron core becomes too long to be practical is eliminated, the length of the iron core is shortened to a practical range, and the dimensional ratio a/P, P
It is possible to provide a levitation propulsion device for an attraction type magnetically levitated vehicle that can efficiently generate propulsive forces having peak values within a limited range of /H. Also, although the core length of an electromagnet is somewhat larger than that of an electromagnet that also serves as a propulsion device,
Since there is no need to install a propulsion linear motor armature on the levitation vehicle side, the amount of levitation vehicles can be reduced overall, and there is no need to install a linear motor secondary on the track side, which reduces not only the track construction cost but also the linear motor armature. This provides the advantage that the second loss can also be reduced.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the main parts showing an embodiment of the device of the present invention, FIGS. 2 and 3 are characteristic diagrams showing the relationship between propulsive force and size ratio in the embodiment device, and FIGS. 4 and 5 The figure is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between magnetic attraction force and size ratio in the example device, Figure 6 is a sectional view showing the linear reluctance smoke type levitation propulsion device to which the example device belongs, and Figure 7 is the figure 6. FIG. 8 is an enlarged view showing the main part of the excitation current waveform diagram in FIG. 7. 1...magnetic levitation vehicle, 3...bogie, 7...side beam,
8... Track, 14... Guide electromagnet, 15... Support electromagnet, 16... Magnetic rail, 2]... Groove, ρ...
・Tooth, separate, 25...angular wave-like magnetic pole surface, 26, 36・
... square wave-like rail surface, 40 ... iron core, 41.42,
4: (, 44... Magnetic pole, 41A, 42A... Excitation coil, Fx... Propulsion force (propulsive electromagnetic force), Fz... Magnetic attraction force (attraction electromagnetic force), g... Rated gap length, P...tooth gap, chi, a...tooth width, P/g, a/P...dimensional ratio. Kuzu 3 (8) 嘱/11!1 50th Atsuro Darkness

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1) A magnetic rail arranged on the track side, and a salient pole-shaped support electromagnet and a guide electromagnet arranged on the floating vehicle side so that the magnetic pole surface faces the magnetic rail surface and a plurality of magnetic poles are lined up in the direction along the track. A levitation device consisting of a magnetic rail surface and a magnetic pole surface that face each other are formed in an angular wave shape in which grooves and teeth are arranged alternately at a constant tooth pitch in the direction along the track, and the excitation current of each of the plurality of magnetic poles is set at a predetermined level. The levitation vehicle is levitationally propelled without contacting the magnetic rail by being controlled to increase in a pulse-like manner based on the timing and order of the teeth, and the width of the teeth in the tooth pitch is 0.25 times or more than the pitch. The value obtained by dividing the tooth pitch by the rated gap length maintained between the magnetic rail surface and the magnetic pole surface by 0.5 times is 7.
A levitation propulsion device for a suction type magnetically levitated vehicle, characterized in that it is formed so as to fall within the range of 12 to 12.