JP3282421B2 - Magnet track on which magnetic levitation travels and traveling method - Google Patents
Magnet track on which magnetic levitation travels and traveling methodInfo
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- JP3282421B2 JP3282421B2 JP32414294A JP32414294A JP3282421B2 JP 3282421 B2 JP3282421 B2 JP 3282421B2 JP 32414294 A JP32414294 A JP 32414294A JP 32414294 A JP32414294 A JP 32414294A JP 3282421 B2 JP3282421 B2 JP 3282421B2
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- magnet
- pole
- magnetic
- electromagnet
- trajectory
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Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、酸化物超伝導体のピン
止め効果を使用した磁気浮上体の走行する磁石軌道およ
びその軌道上を走行する方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a magnet orbit on which a magnetic levitation body travels using a pinning effect of an oxide superconductor and a method for traveling on the orbit.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】リニアモーターカーなどの磁気浮上搬送
システムにおいて、搬送車の方向を変えるには、軌道の
方向を機械的に変える方法を採るのが一般的で、それ以
外には空気圧浮上させた搬送車を２次元配列させたリニ
アモータにより磁場の合成成分方向にその向きを変えよ
うとする研究が電気学会リニアドライブ研究会資料「浮
上式搬送・分岐システムの基本特性」（ＬＤ−９３−１
１４（１９９３））などに報告されている。2. Description of the Related Art In a magnetic levitation transport system such as a linear motor car, a method of mechanically changing the direction of a track is generally used to change the direction of a transport vehicle. A study to change the direction of a composite component of a magnetic field by a linear motor in which carriers are two-dimensionally arranged has been conducted.
14 (1993)).
【０００３】また、発明者等は、電極石を使用し、磁場
分布を変化させることによって軌道変更させ得ることを
示唆する発表を行ってきた。（日本物理学会講演概要素
第４９回年会 第４冊分 ２６０ページ参照）In addition, the inventors have made presentations suggesting that the orbit can be changed by changing the magnetic field distribution using an electrode stone. (Refer to 260 pages of the 49th Annual Meeting of the Physical Society of Japan, 4 volumes)
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】酸化物超伝導体のピン
止め効果による磁気浮上走行において、従来の誘導反発
式磁気浮上式鉄道や、一般の磁気浮上搬送機器で用いら
れている機械的な方法による分岐を採用すると、回転型
（ターンテーブル型）を構成することになり、この方法
では分岐のポイントに機械的な駆動部分があり、機械的
な接触による摩擦や塵などの発生が避けられない。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In magnetic levitation traveling due to the pinning effect of an oxide superconductor, a mechanical method used in conventional induction repulsion type magnetic levitation railways and general magnetic levitation transportation equipment. When the branching is adopted, a rotary type (turntable type) is configured. In this method, a mechanical driving portion is provided at the branching point, and generation of friction and dust due to mechanical contact is inevitable. .
【０００５】２次元電磁石（リニアモータ）を使用し
て、磁場の合成成分を車両の導体に与える方法は、ピン
止め効果を利用した浮上方法では原理的に利用できな
い。またこの方法では浮上力は軌道面から出る圧縮空気
の圧力によっており、塵などの発生が起きやすい。A method of applying a composite component of a magnetic field to a conductor of a vehicle using a two-dimensional electromagnet (linear motor) cannot be used in principle by a levitation method utilizing a pinning effect. Further, in this method, the levitation force depends on the pressure of the compressed air coming out of the raceway surface, and dust and the like are easily generated.
【０００６】前述した発明者等の発表にあっては、磁場
分布を変化させる手段については説明されていない。[0006] In the above-mentioned publication of the inventors, means for changing the magnetic field distribution is not described.
【０００７】本発明は、軌道を機械的に駆動することを
せず、車両などの搬送物を静止させずに、ピン止め効果
を利用して、連続的に分岐可能とした搬送物すなわち磁
気浮上体の走行する磁石軌道ならびにその軌道を使用し
たことによる走行方法を提供することを目的とする。According to the present invention, there is provided a magnetically levitated material that can be continuously branched by utilizing a pinning effect without mechanically driving a track and without stopping a material such as a vehicle. An object of the present invention is to provide a magnet trajectory on which a body travels and a traveling method using the trajectory.
【０００８】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、一極の磁石列
の両側に他極の磁石列が配列され、軌道の分岐部分に電
磁石が配列され、超伝導体の超伝導性による磁束のピン
止め効果を使用して走行する磁気浮上体の磁石軌道であ
って、前記電磁石は、前記分岐部分において一極の磁石
列が他極の磁石列と交叉することで形成される二つの領
域にそれぞれ設けられた菱形の磁極面を有する電磁石で
あって、該二つの電磁石の極性が互いに逆向きに励磁さ
れることによって、磁気浮上体の進路変更を行う軌道分
岐ポイントを設けた磁気浮上体の磁石軌道を提供する。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, a magnet array of another pole is arranged on both sides of a magnet array of one pole, an electromagnet is arranged at a branch portion of a track, and a magnetic flux generated by superconductivity of a superconductor is generated. A magnet trajectory of a magnetic levitation that travels using a pinning effect, wherein the electromagnets are formed in two regions formed by crossing one pole magnet row with another pole magnet row at the branch portion. An electromagnet having a rhombic magnetic pole surface provided for each of the magnetic levitation bodies provided with orbital branch points for changing the course of the magnetic levitation body when the polarities of the two electromagnets are excited in opposite directions. Provides a magnet track.
【０００９】 本発明は更に、三角形もしくは円形の磁性
面を持った電磁石を組み合せて菱形の磁性面を形成した
磁気浮上体の磁石軌道を提供する。 The present invention further provides a magnet trajectory of a magnetic levitation body in which a diamond-shaped magnetic surface is formed by combining an electromagnet having a triangular or circular magnetic surface.
【００１０】 本発明は更に、前記一極の磁石列は二列の
同極の磁石列からなり、前記二つの電磁石のそれぞれ
は、前記二列の磁石列のそれぞれが他極の磁石列と交叉
することで形成される領域に設けられた二つの菱形の磁
極面を有する電磁石を一組とした電磁石であり、同じ組
の電磁石は同じ極性にそれぞれ設定する磁気浮上体の磁
石軌道を提供する。 In the present invention, the one-pole magnet row may be composed of two rows of same-pole magnet rows, and each of the two electromagnets may be configured such that each of the two rows of magnet rows crosses another row of magnet rows. The electromagnet is a set of two electromagnets having two diamond-shaped magnetic pole surfaces provided in a region formed by performing the same operation, and the same set of electromagnets provides a magnet trajectory of a magnetic levitation body set to the same polarity.
【００１１】 本発明は更に、前記軌道分岐ポイントを２
ヶ所設けてループ軌道を構成した磁気浮上体の磁石軌道
を提供する。 [0011] The present invention further provides the track branch point 2
A magnet trajectory of a magnetic levitation body provided with a loop trajectory provided at two locations is provided.
【００１２】ここで酸化物超伝導体を用いた磁気浮上に
ついて若干の説明を行う。Here, a brief description will be given of magnetic levitation using an oxide superconductor.
【００１３】１９８６年に酸化物超伝導体（BaLaCu0
系）がJ.G.Bednorz や K.A.Meuller によって発見さ
れ、乙、Phys.B.64(1986)189に発表された。その後Ｙ
系，Ｂｉ系，Ｈｇ系と称されるいくつかの窒素温度以上
の臨界点をもつ酸化物高温超伝導体が開発されて来た。
そのような中で、ＭＰＭＧ法等による試料作成法によ
り、磁場に対し強いピン止め効果を持つ酸化物超伝導バ
ルク材が作製させるようになり、非接触でものを浮かす
ための浮上技術のひとつとしてピン止め効果が注目され
てきた。ここでピン止め効果について簡単に解説する。In 1986, an oxide superconductor (BaLaCu0
Was discovered by JGBednorz and KAMeuller, and was published in Phys. B.64 (1986) 189. Then Y
High-temperature oxide superconductors having critical points above the nitrogen temperature, referred to as a system, Bi system, or Hg system, have been developed.
Under such circumstances, by using a sample preparation method such as the MPMG method, a bulk oxide superconducting material having a strong pinning effect against a magnetic field can be manufactured, and as one of the floating techniques for floating a non-contact material. The pinning effect has attracted attention. Here is a brief explanation of the pinning effect.
【００１４】現在、開発が進んでいる酸化物超伝導体
は、全て第２種超伝導体に属する。これらは下部臨界磁
場Hc1までは第１種超伝導体と同様に完全反磁性（マイ
スナー効果）を示すが、外部磁場がHc1（酸化物超伝導
体では０．０１Ｔ程度）を超えると磁束の一部が超伝導
体内に侵入してくる。この混合状態は上部臨界磁場Hc2
まで続き、それ以上では超伝導性は失われる。この磁束
の侵入は、理想的な第２種超伝導体では磁化曲線が履歴
を示さないように、スムーズに起こり、磁石に対する反
発力も大きくならない。しかし現実の第２種超伝導体材
料では、常伝導になっている微小な欠陥部分が数多く含
まれている。磁束は超伝導部分に侵入するより、むしろ
この常伝導部分を経由して侵入するようになる。そして
一旦、磁束がこのように入ると、磁束はもともと常伝導
部分であったところから超伝導部分へ移ろうとはせず、
その場にとどまろうとする。これが第２種超伝導体にお
ける磁束のピン止めのごく簡単な理解である。At present, all oxide superconductors under development belong to the type 2 superconductor. They show a lower critical magnetic field Hc 1 to likewise completely diamagnetic first type superconductor (Meissner effect), but when the external magnetic field exceeds (about 0.01T in oxide superconductors) Hc 1 flux Part of the material enters the superconductor. This mixed state is the upper critical magnetic field Hc 2
And above that, superconductivity is lost. The penetration of the magnetic flux occurs smoothly so that the magnetization curve does not show a history in an ideal type 2 superconductor, and the repulsive force against the magnet does not increase. However, the actual type 2 superconductor material contains many minute defects that are normally conducting. Rather than penetrate the superconducting portion, the magnetic flux penetrates through this normal conducting portion. And once the magnetic flux enters this way, the magnetic flux does not try to move from the normal conducting part to the superconducting part,
Try to stay there. This is a very simple understanding of magnetic flux pinning in a type 2 superconductor.
【００１５】ピン止めされた試料に外部から力を加え、
ある方向に変位を与えると、その方向に磁場勾配がある
場合、その変位した方向と逆方向にローレンツ力が発生
する。よって磁場勾配が３次元的に存在する場合、超伝
導体試料は磁場空間に固定されることになる。一方、あ
る１方向にだけ磁場勾配のない一様な磁場分布を与えれ
ば、その方向に試料自身には磁気的な力は与えられず、
ほとんど無抵抗な状態で水平移動する。この力（ピン止
めによる固定力）は外部磁場の強さと磁場分布に大きく
左右され、また試料自身の質にも影響することはいうま
でもない。Applying an external force to the pinned sample,
When a displacement is given in a certain direction, if there is a magnetic field gradient in that direction, a Lorentz force is generated in a direction opposite to the direction in which the displacement occurred. Therefore, when the magnetic field gradient exists three-dimensionally, the superconductor sample is fixed in the magnetic field space. On the other hand, if a uniform magnetic field distribution with no magnetic field gradient is given in only one direction, no magnetic force is given to the sample itself in that direction,
It moves horizontally with almost no resistance. This force (fixing force by pinning) is greatly affected by the strength and distribution of the external magnetic field, and it is needless to say that it also affects the quality of the sample itself.
【００１６】ピン止め効果によれば、車両などの搬送体
は磁束密度の均一な方向（ここでは軌道長手方向）にほ
ぼ無抵抗で移動される。そして、産業への適用として、
フライホイールや磁気軸受などがあげられる他、搬送技
術としての利用も注目されて来ている。According to the pinning effect, a carrier such as a vehicle is moved with almost no resistance in a direction in which the magnetic flux density is uniform (here, the longitudinal direction of the track). And as an application to industry,
In addition to flywheels and magnetic bearings, attention has also been focused on its use as a transport technology.
【００１７】酸化物超伝導バルク材を使用した種々の磁
気浮上機器において、その浮上特性を左右する要素とし
ては、 ａ）超伝導体試料自身の磁場特性（質の問題） ｂ）永久磁石の磁場強度，磁場分布 ｃ）超伝導試料と永久磁石の位置や大きさの関係 ｄ）機器装置本体の構造，構成 等があげられる。浮上させようとする物の支持剛性を高
め、移動（回転）方向の安定性を得るためには、これら
の特性を定量化し、解析する必要がある。In various magnetic levitation devices using an oxide superconducting bulk material, factors that influence the levitation characteristics include: a) magnetic field characteristics of the superconductor sample itself (quality problem) b) magnetic field of a permanent magnet Intensity and magnetic field distribution c) Relationship between the position and size of the superconducting sample and the permanent magnet d) The structure and configuration of the equipment main body. In order to increase the support rigidity of the object to be levitated and obtain stability in the moving (rotating) direction, it is necessary to quantify and analyze these characteristics.
【００１８】超伝導体試料自身の磁場特性は、走行体を
設計する上で非常に重要であり、発明者等は、その特性
曲線を参考に、走行装置の設計，製作を進めてきた。The magnetic field characteristics of the superconductor sample itself are very important in designing the running body, and the inventors have advanced the design and manufacture of the running apparatus with reference to the characteristic curves.
【００１９】実際に走行体に試料を装置した状態での磁
場に対する反発，吸引力をある条件下で測定した結果な
らびに走行体の浮上力の時間依存性については発明者等
が発表した日本機械学会主催 第６回電磁力関連のダイ
ナミックスシンポジウム講演論文集「Ｄ６０６酸化物超
伝導体を用いた磁気浮上および磁気懸垂走行装置の試
作」（３１〜３６ページ）に詳しく説明してあるので、
ここでは省略する。The results of the measurement of the repulsion and attractive force against the magnetic field in a state where the sample is actually mounted on the traveling body under certain conditions and the time dependence of the levitation force of the traveling body are described by the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers. Sponsored The 6th Electromagnetics-related Dynamics Symposium Lecture Paper “Prototype of magnetic levitation and suspension system using D606 oxide superconductor” (pages 31-36)
Here, it is omitted.
【００２０】[0020]
【作用】本発明は、軌道を機械的に駆動する事をせず、
かつ車両を静止させず連続的に分岐可能にするため、永
久磁石軌道の一部に電磁石を配置し、分岐部の磁場分布
を制御するものである。超伝導体、特に酸化物超伝導体
のピン止め効果による磁気浮上走行において、その車両
の底部に酸化物超伝導融解物を水平に配置し、進行方向
に同極がそろうように３列に配列された永久磁石軌道を
配置した場合、分岐させようとする部分で、右旋回と左
旋回の時とで、磁極の向きが反転する場所が２ヵ所あ
る。そこを電極石に置き換え、その電磁石の極性を互い
に逆向きになるように製作し、旋回する方向に対し磁場
の分布が直線部と同様になるようにしたことを特徴とす
るものである。According to the present invention, the orbit is not mechanically driven,
In addition, in order to enable continuous branching without stopping the vehicle, an electromagnet is arranged in a part of the permanent magnet track to control the magnetic field distribution at the branch portion. In magnetic levitation traveling due to the pinning effect of superconductors, especially oxide superconductors, oxide superconducting melts are arranged horizontally at the bottom of the vehicle and arranged in three rows so that the same poles are aligned in the direction of travel When the set permanent magnet orbit is arranged, there are two places where the directions of the magnetic poles are reversed between a right turn and a left turn in a portion to be branched. This is replaced with an electrode stone, and the electromagnets are manufactured so that the polarities thereof are opposite to each other, so that the distribution of the magnetic field in the turning direction is the same as that of the linear portion.
【００２１】この場合に、磁極の向きが反転する場所２
ヵ所には菱形の電磁石を使用することによって磁石間の
つなぎ目を最小にすることが可能になり磁場の乱れを極
めて小さくしながら磁気浮上体を走行させることができ
る。In this case, a place 2 where the direction of the magnetic pole is reversed
By using diamond-shaped electromagnets in some places, the seam between the magnets can be minimized, and the magnetic levitation body can be driven while the disturbance of the magnetic field is extremely small.
【００２２】例えば、発明者の実験によれば、磁石のつ
なぎ目の磁場の乱れは±８％程度であり走行上の問題は
なかった。For example, according to an experiment by the inventor, the disturbance of the magnetic field at the joint between the magnets was about ± 8%, and there was no problem in running.
【００２３】[0023]
【実施例】以下、本発明にかかる１実施例を図面に基づ
いて説明する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
【００２４】図１は本発明に係わる１実施例を示す永久
磁石１，２と電磁石の菱形の磁極面３，４によって構成
された磁石軌道の分岐ポイント部を示す。FIG. 1 shows a branch point of a magnet trajectory constituted by permanent magnets 1 and 2 and rhombic pole faces 3 and 4 of an electromagnet, showing one embodiment according to the present invention.
【００２５】軌道の分岐ポイントの２ヵ所に菱形の磁極
面を持った電磁石を設置し、この左右２つの電磁石の極
性を互いに逆向きに励磁し、それぞれ旋回する方向の磁
束の分布がそろうように電磁石の電流をあらかじめ調整
しておけば、電磁石に流れる電流の方向を反転させるだ
けで、進路変更させることが出来る。(a)はＡ極をＳ
極、Ｂ極をＮ極になるように電磁石を励磁した場合を示
しており、このとき走行体は１の方向に進む。またこれ
と逆に、(c)はＡ極をＮ極，Ｂ極をＳ極になるように電
磁石を励磁した場合を示しており、ことのき走行体は２
の方向に進む。Electromagnets having diamond-shaped magnetic pole faces are installed at two branch points of the track, and the two electromagnets on the left and right sides are excited in opposite directions to each other so that the distribution of the magnetic flux in the turning direction is aligned. If the current of the electromagnet is adjusted in advance, the course can be changed only by reversing the direction of the current flowing through the electromagnet. (a) is A pole S
The figure shows a case where the electromagnet is excited so that the pole and the B pole become the N pole. At this time, the traveling body advances in the direction of 1. Conversely, (c) shows a case where the electromagnet is excited so that the A pole becomes the N pole and the B pole becomes the S pole.
Proceed in the direction of.
【００２６】図２は永久磁石軌道下部に設置した菱形の
磁極面を持った電磁石の構成図を示した立面図である。
図３は図２の正面図であり、図４は図２の側面図であ
る。菱形の磁極面３，４を持った電磁石鉄心５，６は純
鉄によって加工され、左右の磁極面に同じ強さの磁場が
発生するように左右同じ巻き数の励磁コイル７，８が設
置されている。またＡ極用，Ｂ極用の電磁石は左右独立
ものを用いるのでなく、図３からも分かるように、それ
ぞれの励磁コイルが巻かれている鉄心と同材料の純鉄の
電磁石鉄心９を両電磁石間に渡し磁路を構成する事によ
り、両磁極面に有効に磁場が発生するようになる。FIG. 2 is an elevational view showing a configuration diagram of an electromagnet having a diamond-shaped magnetic pole surface installed below the permanent magnet track.
FIG. 3 is a front view of FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is a side view of FIG. Electromagnetic iron cores 5 and 6 having diamond-shaped magnetic pole faces 3 and 4 are machined by pure iron, and excitation coils 7 and 8 having the same number of turns on the left and right sides are installed on the left and right magnetic pole faces so as to generate the same magnetic field. ing. The electromagnets for the A pole and the B pole do not use left and right independent magnets. As can be seen from FIG. 3, a pure iron electromagnet core 9 made of the same material as the iron core around which each exciting coil is wound is used as a double electromagnet. By forming the bridge magnetic path between them, a magnetic field is effectively generated on both magnetic pole surfaces.
【００２７】図５は本実施例の軌道分岐ポイント部分の
構成を示した断面図である。磁石軌道はボード１１の上
に展開される。その上に永久磁石１，２を吸着配列させ
るために、約０．８mmの鉄板１０を貼り付けてある。菱
形の磁極面を持った電磁石（５，６，７，８，９によっ
て構成されたもの）はアルミニウム枠１２によってボー
ド１１下部に固定配置され、菱形の磁極面３，４は永久
磁石１，２の面と一致するように固定される。FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing the configuration of the orbit branch point portion of this embodiment. The magnet track is deployed on the board 11. An iron plate 10 of about 0.8 mm is stuck thereon to attract and arrange the permanent magnets 1 and 2 thereon. An electromagnet having rhombic pole faces (composed of 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) is fixedly arranged below the board 11 by an aluminum frame 12, and the rhombic pole faces 3, 4 are made of permanent magnets 1, 2. Is fixed so as to coincide with the surface of.
【００２８】磁極面を菱形にするのは、本実施例のよう
な永久磁石軌道を構成した場合、旋回させる方向で図１
(b)から、斜線菱形部分の磁極が互いに逆向きになれば
よいことが分かる。機械的な構成面から、１分岐部に設
置する電磁石の個数を最小限にするためには、電磁石磁
極面の形を菱形にするのが一番適当である。The reason why the magnetic pole surface is diamond-shaped is that, when a permanent magnet orbit is constructed as in the present embodiment, the direction of turning is as shown in FIG.
From (b), it can be seen that it is only necessary that the magnetic poles of the hatched rhombus parts are opposite to each other. In terms of mechanical configuration, in order to minimize the number of electromagnets to be installed in one branch portion, it is most appropriate that the shape of the electromagnet pole surface is rhombic.
【００２９】また複数個の小型の電磁石によってこの菱
形の部分を構成した場合、図６の様に三角形の磁極面を
持った電磁石１３を組み合わせても可能であり、図７の
様に円の磁極面を持った電磁石によっても可能である。When the diamond-shaped portion is formed by a plurality of small electromagnets, it is possible to combine electromagnets 13 having triangular magnetic pole surfaces as shown in FIG. 6, and circular magnetic poles as shown in FIG. It is also possible with an electromagnet having a surface.
【００３０】また、酸化物超伝導体のピン止め効果によ
る磁気浮上走行には、永久磁石を４列以上に配置するこ
とも考えられるが、そのような場合でも原理的には、図
５，図６内の斜線部を電磁石に置き換えれば前述のもの
と同様に分岐が可能である。For magnetic levitation traveling due to the pinning effect of the oxide superconductor, it is conceivable to arrange permanent magnets in four or more rows, but even in such a case, in principle, FIGS. If the shaded portion in 6 is replaced with an electromagnet, branching is possible in the same manner as described above.
【００３１】図８、および図９は永久磁石を４列に並べ
た軌道の分岐部分を示した平面図である。図８では両側
に永久磁石のＮ極１を１列、中央に永久磁石のＳ極２を
２列にして構成したものであるが、この場合３列のもの
と同様に考えればよく、斜線部左右２極づつ、合計４つ
の菱形の磁極面１５を持つ電磁石の極性を変えればよい
ことが分かる。FIGS. 8 and 9 are plan views showing a branch portion of a track on which permanent magnets are arranged in four rows. In FIG. 8, the N pole 1 of the permanent magnet is arranged in one row on both sides, and the S pole 2 of the permanent magnet is arranged in two rows at the center. It can be seen that the polarity of the electromagnet having four diamond-shaped magnetic pole faces 15, two poles on each side, may be changed.
【００３２】また図９は軌道の永久磁石１，２をＮ極，
Ｓ極交互に配列して４列構成したものであるが、この場
合本実施例で示した電磁石１組と、単独に動作する２個
の菱形磁極面を持った電磁石で構成すれば、計４つの斜
線部分の極性を電磁石によって変えることにより、原理
的に本実施例と同様に分岐が可能である。FIG. 9 shows that the permanent magnets 1 and 2 in the track have N poles,
The S poles are alternately arranged and arranged in four rows. In this case, if the electromagnet having one set of electromagnets shown in the present embodiment and two independently operating rhombic magnetic pole faces is used, a total of four magnets can be obtained. By changing the polarity of the two shaded portions using an electromagnet, branching is possible in principle as in the present embodiment.
【００３３】図１、図８および図９のことから、４列以
上の軌道においても菱形磁極面を持つ電磁石を複数個用
いることにより、原理的に本実施例と同様に分岐可能な
ポイントが構成できる。From FIG. 1, FIG. 8 and FIG. 9, by using a plurality of electromagnets having rhombic magnetic pole surfaces in four or more rows of orbits, a branchable point can be constructed in principle as in the present embodiment. it can.
【００３４】菱形の磁極面３，４を持つ電磁石によって
構成された分岐ポイントを、２ヶ所設けることにより、
図１０に示すように永久磁石軌道１６を８の字形のルー
プ軌道に構成できる。By providing two branch points constituted by electromagnets having rhombic pole faces 3 and 4,
As shown in FIG. 10, the permanent magnet trajectory 16 can be formed into an 8-shaped loop trajectory.
【００３５】図２，３，４および５に電磁石部分，図
１，８，９および１０に軌道全体と分岐ポイント部分の
詳細を示す。図２，３，４および５で示した電磁石にお
いて、鉄心にφ０．８０mm，３５０巻コイルをＡ，Ｂ極
が互いに異なる磁極の向きになるよう接続する。約３．
０Ａ（ＤＣ）の電流で磁極表面磁場は約０．１６Ｔ（テ
スラー）である。ここで使用している軌道用永久磁石は
フェライト磁石である。FIGS. 2, 3, 4 and 5 show the details of the electromagnet portion, and FIGS. 1, 8, 9 and 10 show the details of the entire track and the branch point portion. In the electromagnets shown in FIGS. 2, 3, 4 and 5, a φ0.80 mm, 350-turn coil is connected to the iron core such that the A and B poles have different magnetic pole directions. About 3.
At a current of 0 A (DC), the pole surface magnetic field is about 0.16 T (Tessler). The track permanent magnet used here is a ferrite magnet.
【００３６】図１に示すように、Ａ極をＳ極に、Ｂ極を
Ｎ極に設定すれば１の方向に走行体は進む。その逆では
２の方向に進む。構成は単純であるが、安定した走行を
得るためには磁場分布の均一性が大きく関与してくる。
図１１はそれを調べた結果である。ただし、この結果は
軌道の配列をＳ−Ｎ−Ｓの配列にした軌道での測定結果
である。軌道は進行方向に沿って３列の極が並んでいる
ので、左側よりＬ列，Ｃ列，Ｒ列と呼び、各列の磁石面
上約２mmのところで鉛直方向の磁場を調べた。まず、図
１１(a)に直線部分の分布を示すが、わずかながら磁石
のつなぎ目で磁場の乱れはあるものの、±８％以内であ
り走行上問題はない。(b)はポイント部で図１中の２の
方向に進む設定にしたときの様子である。電磁石部分前
後でやや大きな磁場の乱れが観測された。この様な状態
で走行させると、走行体はふらつき、やや速度の低下も
あるが、周回には問題はない。また(c)は同条件で、磁
場測定を１の方向に沿って行ったときの様子である。こ
の場合、相当大きな磁場の壁が軌道を外れようとした場
合に存在することになる。As shown in FIG. 1, if the A pole is set to the S pole and the B pole is set to the N pole, the traveling body moves in the direction of 1. On the contrary, it goes in the direction of 2. Although the configuration is simple, the uniformity of the magnetic field distribution greatly contributes to obtaining stable running.
FIG. 11 shows the result of the examination. However, this result is a measurement result in a trajectory in which the arrangement of the trajectories is an SNS arrangement. Since the orbits are arranged in three rows along the traveling direction, they are called L, C, and R rows from the left, and the vertical magnetic field was examined at about 2 mm above the magnet surface of each row. First, FIG. 11 (a) shows the distribution of the straight line portion. Although there is a slight disturbance of the magnetic field at the joint between the magnets, it is within ± 8% and there is no problem in running. (b) shows a state in which the setting is made to proceed in the direction of 2 in FIG. 1 at the point portion. A rather large disturbance of the magnetic field was observed around the electromagnet. When the vehicle travels in such a state, the traveling body fluctuates and the speed slightly decreases, but there is no problem in lapping. (C) shows a state when the magnetic field measurement is performed in the same direction under the same conditions. In this case, a wall of a considerably large magnetic field is present when trying to deviate from the orbit.
【００３７】軌道分岐ポイント部の磁場の乱れは励磁電
流を調整することで、改善することが出来る。The disturbance of the magnetic field at the orbit branch point can be improved by adjusting the exciting current.
【００３８】図１３は２の方向に進むように設定した軌
道分岐ポイント部分での軌道面上２mmのところでの鉛直
方向の磁束密度の大きさを表したものである。これらを
比較するために、図１２に電磁石を用いず、永久磁石だ
けを使い２の方向に進むようにした場合の同条件の磁場
の様子を示す。図中のＡ，Ｂの部分でややへこみが見ら
れる。永久磁石で組んでいても隣あう異極の磁石の影響
があるものとおもわれる。一方、図１３(a)の様に電磁
石を組み込み励磁電流を調整すると、図１２で見られて
いた磁場のへこみが改善されているのが分かる。また図
１３(b)，(c)のように励磁電流をずらすと磁場の乱れが
助長されることも分かる。このことより、励磁電流を調
整することにより、安定な走行が実現できる。FIG. 13 shows the magnitude of the magnetic flux density in the vertical direction at 2 mm above the raceway surface at the branch point of the raceway set to proceed in the direction 2. In order to compare these, FIG. 12 shows a state of a magnetic field under the same condition in the case where the electromagnet is not used and only the permanent magnet is used to move in the direction of 2. A slight dent is seen at portions A and B in the figure. Even if it is assembled with permanent magnets, it is thought that there is an effect of neighboring magnets of different polarity. On the other hand, when the exciting current is adjusted by incorporating an electromagnet as shown in FIG. 13A, it can be seen that the dent of the magnetic field shown in FIG. 12 is improved. Also, it can be seen that, as shown in FIGS. 13 (b) and 13 (c), when the excitation current is shifted, the disturbance of the magnetic field is promoted. Accordingly, stable traveling can be realized by adjusting the exciting current.
【００３９】[0039]
【発明の効果】本発明によれば、図１１に示すように、
軌道を機械的に駆動することをせず、車両などの搬送物
（磁気浮上体）を静止せずにピン止め効果を効果的に使
用して連続的に分岐可能とした単純な構造になる磁石軌
道ならびに走行方法を提供することができる。According to the present invention, as shown in FIG.
A magnet with a simple structure that does not drive the orbit mechanically and allows continuous branching by effectively using the pinning effect without stopping stationary objects (magnetic levitation) such as vehicles. Tracks and running methods can be provided.
【図１】本発明の磁石軌道の分岐ポイント部分を示す構
成図である。(a)(b)(c)は軌道切り換えの状態を示す。FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a branch point portion of a magnet track of the present invention. (a), (b), and (c) show the state of orbit switching.
【図２】本発明に使用される電磁石の構成を示す立面図
である。FIG. 2 is an elevation view showing a configuration of an electromagnet used in the present invention.
【図３】本発明に使用される電磁石の構成を示す正面図
である。FIG. 3 is a front view showing a configuration of an electromagnet used in the present invention.
【図４】本発明に使用される電磁石の構成を示す側面図
である。FIG. 4 is a side view showing a configuration of an electromagnet used in the present invention.
【図５】本発明の磁石軌道の分岐ポイント部分の構成を
示す断面図である。FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a branch point portion of the magnet track of the present invention.
【図６】本発明の他の実施例である菱形の電磁石の部分
を示す構成図である。FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram showing a part of a diamond-shaped electromagnet according to another embodiment of the present invention.
【図７】本発明の他の実施例である菱形の電磁石の部分
を示す構成図である。FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram showing a part of a diamond-shaped electromagnet according to another embodiment of the present invention.
【図８】本発明の他の実施例である分岐ポイント部分を
示す構成図である。FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram showing a branch point portion according to another embodiment of the present invention.
【図９】本発明の他の実施例である分岐ポイント部分を
示す構成図である。FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram showing a branch point portion according to another embodiment of the present invention.
【図１０】本発明を使用して構成した磁石軌道ループ図
を示す。FIG. 10 shows a magnet trajectory loop diagram constructed using the present invention.
【図１１】本発明の効果を示すための実験図である。FIG. 11 is an experimental view showing the effect of the present invention.
【図１２】本発明の効果を比較するための実験図であ
る。FIG. 12 is an experimental diagram for comparing the effects of the present invention.
【図１３】本発明の効果を示すための実験図である。
(a)(b)(c)は励磁電流の大きさによる違いを示す。FIG. 13 is an experimental view showing the effect of the present invention.
(a), (b) and (c) show the difference depending on the magnitude of the exciting current.
１ 永久磁石（Ｎ極） ２ 永久磁石（Ｓ極） ３ 電磁石の菱形の磁極面（Ａ極） ４ 電磁石の菱形の磁極面（Ｂ極） ５ 電磁石鉄心（Ａ極用） ６ 電磁石鉄心（Ｂ極用） ７ 励磁コイル（Ａ極用） ８ 励磁コイル（Ｂ極用） ９ 電磁石鉄心 １０ 永久磁石吸着用鉄板 １１ ボード １２ アルミニウム枠 １３ 三角形の磁極面を持った電磁石 １４ 円の磁極面を持った電磁石 １５ 電磁石の菱形の磁極面 １６ 永久磁石軌道 Reference Signs List 1 permanent magnet (N pole) 2 permanent magnet (S pole) 3 diamond-shaped magnetic pole face of electromagnet (A pole) 4 diamond-shaped magnetic pole face of electromagnet (B pole) 5 electromagnet core (for A pole) 6 electromagnet core (B pole) 7 Excitation coil (for A pole) 8 Excitation coil (for B pole) 9 Electromagnet core 10 Iron plate for permanent magnet attraction 11 Board 12 Aluminum frame 13 Electromagnet with triangular pole face 14 Electromagnet with circular pole face 15 Diamond-shaped pole face of electromagnet 16 Permanent magnet orbit
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) B60L 13/03 - 13/10 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. 7 , DB name) B60L 13/03-13/10
Claims (4)
され、軌道の分岐部分に電磁石が配列され、超伝導体の
超伝導性による磁束のピン止め効果を使用して走行する
磁気浮上体の磁石軌道であって、前記電磁石は、前記分
岐部分において一極の磁石列が他極の磁石列と交叉する
ことで形成される二つの領域にそれぞれ設けられた菱形
の磁極面を有する電磁石であって、該二つの電磁石の極
性が互いに逆向きに励磁されることによって、磁気浮上
体の進路変更を行う軌道分岐ポイントを設けたことを特
徴とする磁気浮上体の磁石軌道。1. A magnet array of another pole is arranged on both sides of a magnet array of one pole, an electromagnet is arranged at a branch portion of a track, and travels using a pinning effect of magnetic flux due to superconductivity of a superconductor. A magnet trajectory of a magnetic levitation body, wherein the electromagnet has a diamond-shaped magnetic pole surface provided in each of two regions formed by crossing a magnet row of one pole with a magnet row of another pole in the branch portion. A magnet trajectory of a magnetic levitation body, characterized in that a trajectory branch point for changing the course of the magnetic levitation body is provided by exciting the two electromagnets in opposite directions.
て菱形の磁性面を形成したことを特徴とする磁気浮上体
の磁石軌道。2. The magnet trajectory of a magnetic levitation body according to claim 1, wherein a rhombic magnetic surface is formed by combining an electromagnet having a triangular or circular magnetic surface.
二つの電磁石のそれぞれは、前記二列の磁石列のそれぞ
れが他極の磁石列と交叉することで形成される領域に設
けられた二つの菱形の磁極面を有する電磁石を一組とし
た電磁石であり、同じ組の電磁石は同じ極性にそれぞれ
設定することを特徴とする磁気浮上体の磁石軌道。3. The magnet array according to claim 1, wherein the one-pole magnet row is composed of two rows of same-pole magnet rows, and each of the two electromagnets is such that each of the two rows of magnet rows has the other pole magnet row. A magnet having two diamond-shaped magnetic pole faces provided in a region formed by intersecting with each other, wherein the same set of electromagnets is set to have the same polarity. Magnet orbit.
したことを特徴とする磁気浮上体の磁石軌道。4. A magnet trajectory of a magnetic levitation body according to claim 1, wherein said trajectory branch point is provided at two places to form a loop trajectory.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP32414294A JP3282421B2 (en) | 1994-12-27 | 1994-12-27 | Magnet track on which magnetic levitation travels and traveling method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP32414294A JP3282421B2 (en) | 1994-12-27 | 1994-12-27 | Magnet track on which magnetic levitation travels and traveling method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH08182116A JPH08182116A (en) | 1996-07-12 |
| JP3282421B2 true JP3282421B2 (en) | 2002-05-13 |
Family
ID=18162606
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP32414294A Expired - Fee Related JP3282421B2 (en) | 1994-12-27 | 1994-12-27 | Magnet track on which magnetic levitation travels and traveling method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3282421B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009047524A (en) * | 2007-08-20 | 2009-03-05 | Railway Technical Res Inst | Non-contact support method and apparatus for wind tunnel model |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10357264B4 (en) * | 2003-12-02 | 2010-12-30 | Leibniz-Institut Für Festkörper- Und Werkstoffforschung Dresden E.V. | Device for providing directional changes for superconducting magnetic levitation systems |
| CN105696430B (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2017-05-17 | 西南交通大学 | Electromagnetic railroad switch |
| CN107268347A (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2017-10-20 | 西南交通大学 | Track switch model |
| CN111218866A (en) * | 2018-11-24 | 2020-06-02 | 大连奇想科技有限公司 | Electromagnetic turnout of electric guide rail |
| RU2745747C2 (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2021-03-31 | Аким Анатольевич Адвакатов | Magnetic levitation switch gear without mechanical and movable units |
| CN113265914A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-08-17 | 江西理工大学 | Permanent magnetic suspension track and permanent magnetic suspension track system |
-
1994
- 1994-12-27 JP JP32414294A patent/JP3282421B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009047524A (en) * | 2007-08-20 | 2009-03-05 | Railway Technical Res Inst | Non-contact support method and apparatus for wind tunnel model |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH08182116A (en) | 1996-07-12 |
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