JPH01183086A - Panel of heating body - Google Patents
Panel of heating bodyInfo
- Publication number
- JPH01183086A JPH01183086A JP200888A JP200888A JPH01183086A JP H01183086 A JPH01183086 A JP H01183086A JP 200888 A JP200888 A JP 200888A JP 200888 A JP200888 A JP 200888A JP H01183086 A JPH01183086 A JP H01183086A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- heating
- heating element
- plate
- sheet
- heating body
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009408 flooring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001870 ammonium persulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010420 art technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006015 heat resistant resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011120 plywood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は、例えば床や壁面の暖房を目的とした発熱体パ
ネルに関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Field of Application) The present invention relates to a heating element panel for heating floors and walls, for example.
従来、発熱体パネルには例えば■実間＠５３−２８９４
１号公報に開示されているような線状発熱体を利用した
ものや、■実開昭５８−２５１４号公報に開示されてい
るような面状発熱体に表面板と断熱材を積層したものが
ある。この面状発熱体は、導電性骨材を樹脂で固めたシ
ート状のものが使用されている。Conventionally, for heating element panels, for example ■ Jitsuma@53-2894
Those using a linear heating element as disclosed in Publication No. 1, and those using a surface plate and heat insulating material laminated on a planar heating element as disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 58-2514. There is. This sheet heating element is made of a sheet made of conductive aggregate hardened with resin.
また■本山願人等が昭和６１年１１月２５日に出願した
「板状発熱体及び床暖房用パネル」においては、［セメ
ントと珪砂を含む骨材で構成する無機材料中にカーボン
ファイバーとカーボンブランクを夫々０．５〜４ Ｖｏ
１％、２〜１０ｖｏ１％混合させて得られる５〜２０ｍ
ｍ厚みの板状発熱体を金属板で囲ったパネル」が開示さ
れている。In addition, in the "plate-shaped heating element and floor heating panel" filed by Ganto Motoyama et al. on November 25, 1986, [carbon fiber and carbon in an inorganic material composed of aggregate containing cement and silica sand 0.5 to 4 Vo for each blank
5-20m obtained by mixing 1% and 2-10vo1%
A panel in which a plate-shaped heating element having a thickness of m is surrounded by a metal plate is disclosed.
しかしながら上記従来技術■〜■にはそれぞれ次のよう
な問題点がある。However, each of the above-mentioned prior art techniques (1) to (4) has the following problems.
■のパネルは、安価であるという長所を有するものの、
面全体を均一に加熱することが難かしく、また発熱線の
一箇所でも断線すると使用不可能になるという欠点を有
する。■Although the panel has the advantage of being inexpensive,
It has the disadvantage that it is difficult to uniformly heat the entire surface, and it becomes unusable if the heating wire is broken at even one point.
■のパネルの場合、面状発熱体には耐荷重性能がないた
め、床材等に使用するには従来の床材を施工した上で、
その上面にこの発熱体を敷設するという構成を採る必要
がある。このため重量物の落下環により一部破断し発熱
能力が失われる場合がある。また既設の床上に敷設され
るため、その敷設された部分と周辺部との間に段差が生
じ、居住性能上好ましくないという問題もある。In the case of panel ■, the planar heating element does not have load-bearing capacity, so if you want to use it as a flooring material, you need to install a conventional flooring material.
It is necessary to adopt a configuration in which this heating element is placed on the top surface. Therefore, if a heavy object falls on the ring, a portion of the ring may break and the heat generating capacity may be lost. In addition, since it is installed on the existing floor, there is a difference in level between the installed part and the surrounding area, which is unfavorable in terms of livability.
さらに■のパネルの場合、板状発熱体を得るには上記無
機材料やカーボンファイバー等を均一に混合しなければ
ならないが、この混合を均一にすることは一般に困難で
ある上、使用するカーボンファイバーやカーボンブラン
クが高価であるという点に難点がある。Furthermore, in the case of the panel (■), in order to obtain a plate-shaped heating element, it is necessary to uniformly mix the above-mentioned inorganic materials, carbon fiber, etc., but it is generally difficult to achieve this mixture uniformly, and the carbon fiber used must be mixed uniformly. The drawback is that carbon blanks and carbon blanks are expensive.
そこで本発明の主たる目的は、床暖房等に使用しても十
分な強度を有し、均一に加熱でき、安価でかつ製造容易
な板状発熱体およびそれを使用してなる発熱体パネルを
提供することにある。Therefore, the main object of the present invention is to provide a plate-shaped heating element that has sufficient strength even when used in floor heating, can be heated uniformly, is inexpensive, and is easy to manufacture, and a heating element panel using the same. It's about doing.
、〔問題点を解決するための手段〕
上記問題点を解決するための本第１発明は、膨張黒鉛シ
ートを発熱体として使用したことを特徴とするものであ
り、本第２発明は、膨張黒鉛シートを発熱体として使用
する板状発熱体の少くとも一つの断面における周囲を剛
性材で囲んだことを特徴とするものである。, [Means for Solving the Problems] The first invention for solving the above problems is characterized in that an expanded graphite sheet is used as a heating element, and the second invention is characterized in that an expanded graphite sheet is used as a heating element. The present invention is characterized in that at least one cross section of a plate-shaped heating element using a graphite sheet as the heating element is surrounded by a rigid material.
本発明では、板状発熱体として膨張黒鉛シートを使用し
ている。したがって発熱面全体にわたって均一に加熱す
ることができる。また線状発熱体と異なり発熱線の断線
ということがない。さらに、使用原料は黒鉛のみであり
、カーボンファイバー等の異種添加物との混合という操
作を要しないため、製造が容易であり、かつ安価な製品
が得られる。In the present invention, an expanded graphite sheet is used as the plate-shaped heating element. Therefore, uniform heating can be achieved over the entire heating surface. Also, unlike a linear heating element, there is no possibility of the heating wire breaking. Furthermore, since the raw material used is only graphite and there is no need to mix it with different additives such as carbon fiber, it is easy to manufacture and a product can be obtained at low cost.
特に本第２発明では、膨張黒鉛シートを発熱体として使
用する板状発熱体の少くとも一つの断面における周囲を
剛性材で囲んでいるため、発熱体に過大な引張応力が生
ぜず、充分な耐荷重性能を付与することができる。In particular, in the second invention, since at least one cross section of the plate-shaped heating element using an expanded graphite sheet as the heating element is surrounded by a rigid material, excessive tensile stress is not generated in the heating element, and sufficient Load-bearing performance can be imparted.
以下本発明を図面等によりさらに具体的に説明する。 The present invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings and the like.
本発明に係る膨張黒鉛シートを板状発熱体とする発熱体
パネルの具体例としては、第１図、第２図に示したもの
を挙げることができる。Specific examples of a heating element panel using an expanded graphite sheet according to the present invention as a plate-shaped heating element include those shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
第１図において、■は後述のようにして製造した膨張黒
鉛シートからなる板状発熱体である。２は上記板状発熱
体１の断熱を図るためにその下面に積層される板状建材
であり、例えば合板、パーティクルボートなどの有機質
材料、あるいはセメントを主体としたモルタルなどの無
機質材料で構成されており、板状発熱体１と積層されて
いる。In FIG. 1, ▪ is a plate-shaped heating element made of an expanded graphite sheet manufactured as described below. Reference numeral 2 denotes a plate-shaped building material that is laminated on the bottom surface of the plate-shaped heating element 1 in order to insulate it, and is made of, for example, an organic material such as plywood or particle boat, or an inorganic material such as mortar mainly composed of cement. and is laminated with the plate-shaped heating element 1.
３は上記板状発熱体１と板状建材２との積層体の断面に
おいて周囲を囲む剛性材（薄鋼板等）であり、その内部
には絶縁層４が設けられている。Reference numeral 3 denotes a rigid material (such as a thin steel plate) that surrounds the laminate of the plate-shaped heating element 1 and the plate-shaped building material 2 in cross section, and an insulating layer 4 is provided inside thereof.
この絶縁層４は、耐熱性樹脂等の耐熱性接着剤５により
前記積層体に接着されている。This insulating layer 4 is adhered to the laminate with a heat-resistant adhesive 5 such as a heat-resistant resin.
６は上記板状発熱体１の両側面に取付けられた電極であ
り、図示しない導線により外部電源に接続されており、
発熱体１に通電することにより、発熱体１の発熱を図る
ものである。Reference numeral 6 denotes electrodes attached to both sides of the plate-shaped heating element 1, which are connected to an external power source by conductive wires (not shown).
By supplying electricity to the heating element 1, the heating element 1 is intended to generate heat.
上記板状発熱体１と板状建材２の積層は、接着剤５によ
るもののほか、板状建材２がセメント系材料であれば、
板状発熱体１と同時に流しこみ成型することも可能であ
る。The plate-shaped heating element 1 and the plate-shaped building material 2 are laminated by the adhesive 5, or if the plate-shaped building material 2 is made of cement-based material,
It is also possible to cast and mold the plate-shaped heating element 1 at the same time.
また、上記絶縁層４の形成に当っては、例えばあらかじ
め剛性材の内面に当該絶縁層材料をコーティングしたも
のを用いることもできる。この場合、コーティング済剛
性材としては、−船釣には塩ビライニング鋼板、ウレタ
ンライニング鋼板などであるが、エポキシ樹脂などを塗
装したものも適用可能である。Further, in forming the insulating layer 4, it is also possible to use, for example, a rigid material whose inner surface is coated with the insulating layer material in advance. In this case, the coated rigid material may be a PVC-lined steel plate, a urethane-lined steel plate, etc. for boat fishing, but materials coated with epoxy resin or the like may also be used.
次に発熱体パネルの他の例を第２図により説明すると、
１は膨張黒鉛シートであり、この複数枚を積層して発熱
体を形成する。この発熱体の周囲を前記絶縁層４を介し
て金属板３で一体的に囲んで発熱体パネルを形成するも
のである。この場合は、図示しない電極を膨張黒鉛シー
トの上面部と下面部に設けて、通電はこのシートの上下
方向に行うのが後述するように好ましい。Next, another example of the heating element panel will be explained with reference to FIG.
1 is an expanded graphite sheet, and a plurality of sheets are laminated to form a heating element. This heating element is integrally surrounded by a metal plate 3 via the insulating layer 4 to form a heating element panel. In this case, as will be described later, it is preferable to provide electrodes (not shown) on the upper and lower surfaces of the expanded graphite sheet, and to conduct electricity in the vertical direction of the sheet.
次に、本発明に用いた膨張黒鉛シートの製造方法を第６
図に示す。まず黒鉛（粉末）Ｃは例えば第１表に示す組
成を有し、その粒度構成は第２表のようなものである。Next, the method for manufacturing the expanded graphite sheet used in the present invention will be described in the sixth section.
As shown in the figure. First, graphite (powder) C has a composition shown in Table 1, and its particle size structure is shown in Table 2.
かかる黒鉛Ｃに対し、膨張の前処理として薬品処理Ｔを
行う。使用する薬品は、９８％Ｈ，ＳＯ４十酸化剤（過
マンガン酸カリ、過酸化水素、過硫酸アンモニウム等）
、または濃ＨＮＯｚである。この薬品に黒鉛Ｃを充分浸
漬し、次いで図示しないが、脱水−水洗一説水→乾燥の
各工程を経た後、膨張炉１００において加熱膨張処理を
して膨張黒鉛Ｃ′を得る。膨張炉１００での加熱は、８
００〜１１００℃程度の温度で短時間行う。その結果、
見掛密度が０．３〜ｌｇ／ｃｃであったものが０．０１
ｇ ／ｃｃ以下になった。The graphite C is subjected to chemical treatment T as a pretreatment for expansion. The chemicals used are 98% H, SO4 oxidizing agents (potassium permanganate, hydrogen peroxide, ammonium persulfate, etc.)
, or concentrated HNOz. Graphite C is fully immersed in this chemical, and then, although not shown, after passing through the steps of dehydration, rinsing, and drying, it is heated and expanded in an expansion furnace 100 to obtain expanded graphite C'. The heating in the expansion furnace 100 is 8
It is carried out for a short time at a temperature of about 00 to 1100°C. the result,
Those with apparent density of 0.3 to 1g/cc are 0.01
g/cc or less.
この膨張黒鉛ＣＩ をベルトコンベアー上に載せ、予備
圧延機１０１，１０１によりある程度締め固めた後、本
圧延機１０２，１０２により本圧延し、０．１〜ｌ ＋
ｕ厚、見掛密度約１ｇ／ｃｃのシート（板）として巻き
取りロール１０３に巻き取る。This expanded graphite CI is placed on a belt conveyor, compacted to some extent by preliminary rolling mills 101, 101, and then main rolled by main rolling mills 102, 102.
It is wound up onto a winding roll 103 as a sheet (board) having a thickness of 1 g/cc and an apparent density of about 1 g/cc.
次にこのシートを発熱体として使用して所定の厚みの発
熱体パネルとする。なお、通常の黒鉛板であれば熱の良
導体であるため発熱しにくいが、上記膨張黒鉛は容積比
で５０〜７０％が空気の為、抵抗を持ち発熱するのであ
る。Next, this sheet is used as a heating element to form a heating element panel of a predetermined thickness. Note that a normal graphite plate is a good conductor of heat and does not easily generate heat, but since expanded graphite is 50 to 70% air by volume, it has resistance and generates heat.
次に上記膨張黒鉛シートの通電方向について説明する。Next, the direction in which electricity is applied to the expanded graphite sheet will be explained.
膨張黒鉛シートの通電方向をその積層の態様に応じて図
示すると第３図（ａｌ、 ｆｂｌ、 （ｃ）の３ケース
が考えられる（各図において矢印は通電方向を示してい
る）。この３ケースについての、板厚（第３図における
上下方向の厚さ）と抵抗値との関係は第４図に示す通り
になる。第４図において、×印は第３図（ａｌの場合を
、○印は第３図（ｂ）、 （Ｃ）の場合を夫々示してい
る。When illustrating the current conduction direction of expanded graphite sheets according to the lamination mode, three cases can be considered: Figure 3 (al, fbl, and (c)) (arrows indicate the current conduction direction in each figure). The relationship between plate thickness (thickness in the vertical direction in Figure 3) and resistance value is as shown in Figure 4. The marks indicate the cases in FIGS. 3(b) and (C), respectively.
第４図から、各シート表面に対して垂直方向に通電した
方が平行方向に比べて、１０〜１００倍程度電気抵抗が
高く、発熱量が大きいことが判った。この理由は、各シ
ートが圧延により方向性を有するためと考えられる。し
たがって、通電方向は圧延方向すなわちシート表面に垂
直方向にする方（第３図（ｂｌ、 （Ｃ１）が好ましい
。ただし、製造の容易さを考慮すると、第３図ｆｃｌが
最も好ましい。From FIG. 4, it was found that electrical resistance was about 10 to 100 times higher when electricity was applied in a direction perpendicular to the surface of each sheet, and the amount of heat generated was larger than when electricity was applied in a direction parallel to each sheet surface. The reason for this is thought to be that each sheet has directionality due to rolling. Therefore, it is preferable that the current direction is perpendicular to the rolling direction, that is, the sheet surface (FIG. 3 (bl, (C1)). However, in consideration of ease of manufacture, FIG. 3 (fcl) is the most preferable.
次に、膨張黒鉛シートの板厚と上昇温度との関係を第５
図に示す。シートの上昇温度はその密度によっても若干
変化するが通常の圧延条件では、第５図から明らかなよ
うに、実用上必要な温度上昇（１０℃／３０分）を確保
するには、シートの板厚をｌＯ鶴以下にすることが望ま
しい。Next, the relationship between the thickness of the expanded graphite sheet and the temperature rise is determined by
As shown in the figure. The temperature rise of the sheet varies slightly depending on its density, but under normal rolling conditions, as is clear from Figure 5, in order to secure the practically necessary temperature rise (10°C/30 minutes), It is desirable that the thickness be less than 10 mm.
なお前述したように、膨張黒鉛シートは柔軟性（圧縮復
元力）を有し、引張りやせん断力をかけないかぎり強度
は大きく、少々薄くても支障なく、多少曲げた形でも使
用できるが、さらに強度を上げるには、各種ファイバー
を混入し圧延してもよい。As mentioned above, expanded graphite sheets have flexibility (compressive restoring force) and have high strength as long as no tension or shear force is applied. To increase the strength, various types of fibers may be mixed and rolled.
以上の通り、本発明によれば、実用上充分な強度を有し
、均一に加熱でき、安価でかつ製造容易な発熱体パネル
を得ることができる。As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a heating element panel that has practically sufficient strength, can be heated uniformly, is inexpensive, and is easy to manufacture.
第１図、第２図は夫々本発明に係る発熱体パネルの具体
例の断面図、第３図は膨張黒鉛シートに対する通電方向
の説明図、第４図は通電方向と電気抵抗との関係を示す
図、第５図は膨張黒鉛シートの板厚と上昇温度との関係
を示す図、第６図は膨張黒鉛シートの製造方法の概略を
示すフローシートである。
１・・・膨張黒鉛シート材料、２・・・板状建材、３・
・・剛性材、４・・・絶縁層、５・・・接着剤、６・・
・電極。
ｉ
第４図
（二］肩］葺：＝１衰：、９ゴｒ＝４）第５図
第６図
径差時ＰＩＰｔ（４）Figures 1 and 2 are cross-sectional views of specific examples of heating element panels according to the present invention, Figure 3 is an explanatory diagram of the direction of current flow to the expanded graphite sheet, and Figure 4 is an illustration of the relationship between the direction of current flow and electrical resistance. 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between the thickness of the expanded graphite sheet and the temperature rise, and FIG. 6 is a flow sheet showing an outline of the method for manufacturing the expanded graphite sheet. 1... Expanded graphite sheet material, 2... Plate-shaped building material, 3...
...Rigid material, 4...Insulating layer, 5...Adhesive, 6...
·electrode. i Fig. 4 (2) Shoulder] Roof: = 1 decay:, 9 go r = 4) Fig. 5 Fig. 6 Diameter difference PIPt (4)
Claims (2)
徴とする発熱体パネル。(1) A heating element panel characterized in that an expanded graphite sheet is used as a heating element.
体の少くとも一つの断面における周囲を剛性材で囲んだ
ことを特徴とする発熱体パネル。(2) A heating element panel characterized in that at least one cross section of a plate-shaped heating element using an expanded graphite sheet as a heating element is surrounded by a rigid material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP200888A JPH01183086A (en) | 1988-01-08 | 1988-01-08 | Panel of heating body |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP200888A JPH01183086A (en) | 1988-01-08 | 1988-01-08 | Panel of heating body |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01183086A true JPH01183086A (en) | 1989-07-20 |
Family
ID=11517358
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP200888A Pending JPH01183086A (en) | 1988-01-08 | 1988-01-08 | Panel of heating body |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH01183086A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2001008450A1 (en) * | 1999-07-22 | 2001-02-01 | Toyo Tanso Co., Ltd. | Heating element |
-
1988
- 1988-01-08 JP JP200888A patent/JPH01183086A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2001008450A1 (en) * | 1999-07-22 | 2001-02-01 | Toyo Tanso Co., Ltd. | Heating element |
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