JPH01183008A - Superconductor - Google Patents
SuperconductorInfo
- Publication number
- JPH01183008A JPH01183008A JP63003608A JP360888A JPH01183008A JP H01183008 A JPH01183008 A JP H01183008A JP 63003608 A JP63003608 A JP 63003608A JP 360888 A JP360888 A JP 360888A JP H01183008 A JPH01183008 A JP H01183008A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- thickness
- superconducting
- heat
- magnetic field
- temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000002887 superconductor Substances 0.000 title abstract 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract 6
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910000657 niobium-tin Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- RGJOEKWQDUBAIZ-IBOSZNHHSA-N CoASH Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H](COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC(=O)NCCS)O[C@H]1N1C2=NC=NC(N)=C2N=C1 RGJOEKWQDUBAIZ-IBOSZNHHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010028347 Muscle twitching Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/60—Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment
Landscapes
- Superconductor Devices And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
- Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔発明の構成〕
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は超電４腺の表面に被覆されるホルマールなどの
絶縁物を改良した超電導導体に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Structure of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a superconducting conductor in which an insulating material such as formal coated on the surface of four superconducting glands is improved.
（従来の技術）
一般に線材をホルマールなどの絶縁物で被覆すれば、熱
伝達特性を向上させることができることから、超電導導
体にお込てもこの絶縁物を超電導線の絶輯被覆物として
用いることが試みられて込る。(Prior art) Generally, if a wire is coated with an insulating material such as formal, heat transfer characteristics can be improved, so this insulating material can be used as an insulating material for superconducting conductors as well. is attempted.
通常の線材に被覆される絶縁物の厚さは約６０μｍ以上
であるが、超電導線をこれと同じ厚さの絶縁物で被覆す
ると次のような問題がある。The thickness of an insulator coated on a normal wire is about 60 μm or more, but if a superconducting wire is coated with an insulator of the same thickness, the following problems arise.
すなわち、高磁界で使用される超電導導体の発で示され
る。ここで、■は通電電流、Ｓは安定化材の断面積、Ｐ
は冷却周長、ｆは超電導導体の温度をＴとしたとき、こ
の温度Ｔによって超電導状態から常電導状態までの間で
変る係数である。That is, it is shown in the development of superconducting conductors used in high magnetic fields. Here, ■ is the current flowing, S is the cross-sectional area of the stabilizing material, and P
is the cooling circumference, and f is a coefficient that changes from a superconducting state to a normal conducting state depending on the temperature T, where T is the temperature of the superconducting conductor.
上記（１）弐全超電導導体の熱伝達特性上に表示すると
第１図の■の破線で示すようになる。この０の破線で示
す！：＃性からも明らかなように超電導導体の温度Ｔが
分流開始温度Ｔｓ以下ならばｆ＝ｏで発熱がなく電流が
全て超電導線を流れている状態、Ｔが臨界温度Ｔｃ以上
ならばｆ＝１で電流が安定化材中を流゛れて発熱してい
る状態、ＴがＴ８と札の間ではｆ ＝ （Ｔ −Ｔｓ
）／（Ｔｃ −Ｔｓ ）で発熱が少しずつ行なわれてい
る状態を表わす。ただし、臨界温度Ｔｃは磁界Ｂに依存
し、磁界が強くなると減少する。The above (1) heat transfer characteristics of the superconducting conductor are shown as shown by the broken line (■) in FIG. Indicated by this 0 dashed line! : As is clear from #, if the temperature T of the superconducting conductor is below the shunt starting temperature Ts, then f=o, meaning no heat is generated and all the current is flowing through the superconducting wire, and if T is above the critical temperature Tc, then f= 1, the current flows through the stabilizing material and generates heat, and when T is between T8 and the tag, f = (T - Ts
)/(Tc - Ts) represents a state in which heat is generated little by little. However, the critical temperature Tc depends on the magnetic field B, and decreases as the magnetic field becomes stronger.
しかるに前述したように超電導線を通常の線材と同じよ
うな厚さの絶縁物で被覆すると、その熱伝達特性は第１
図の■に示すような曲線となるため、超電導導体に加わ
る外乱による熱が核沸騰のピーク熱流速ｑｌＪよシ少な
くても超電導状態が破れて常電導状態に転移し、場合に
よっては常電導領域が伝播してクエンチに至ることがあ
る。However, as mentioned above, when a superconducting wire is coated with an insulator of the same thickness as a normal wire, its heat transfer characteristics become
Since the curve is as shown in ■ in the figure, even if the heat due to the disturbance applied to the superconducting conductor is less than the peak heat flow rate qlJ of nucleate boiling, the superconducting state is broken and the state transitions to the normal conducting state, and in some cases, the normal conducting region may propagate and lead to quenching.
（発明が解決しようとする課題）
このように超電導線を被覆する絶縁物の厚さを通常の線
材と同じようにすると超電導導体が不安定になるという
問題がある。(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) If the thickness of the insulating material covering the superconducting wire is made to be the same as that of a normal wire, there is a problem that the superconducting conductor becomes unstable.
本発明の目的は、超電導状態に対する安定性を向上させ
るようにした超電導導体を提供しようとするものである
。An object of the present invention is to provide a superconducting conductor with improved stability in a superconducting state.
（課題を□解決するための手段）
本発明は上記目的を達成するため、超電導線の表面を絶
縁物で被覆してなる超電導導体において、前記超電導線
の臨界温度をＴｃ、印加磁界をＢ、超電導線が常電導状
態に転移した時のジーール熱による熱流速をｑ 、前記
絶縁物の熱伝達率をに、液体ヘリウム温度をＴｃとした
とき、前記絶縁物の被覆厚さもとして、
ｔ 、＜ ｋ （Ｔｅ＠）−Ｔｂ）／ｑ。(Means for solving the problem □) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a superconducting conductor in which the surface of a superconducting wire is coated with an insulating material, the critical temperature of the superconducting wire is Tc, the applied magnetic field is B, When the heat flow rate due to Zeel heat when the superconducting wire transitions to a normal conductive state is q, the heat transfer coefficient of the insulator is q, and the liquid helium temperature is Tc, the coating thickness of the insulator is t, < k (Te@)-Tb)/q.
を満足する厚みに構成したものである。The thickness is such that it satisfies the following.
（作用）
したがって、かかる構成の超電導導体にあっては、超電
導線を被覆する４８縁物の厚さを印加される磁界の強さ
に応じて薄くしているので、超電導状態に対する安定性
を向上させることが可能となる。(Function) Therefore, in a superconducting conductor having such a structure, the thickness of the 48 edges covering the superconducting wire is reduced in accordance with the strength of the applied magnetic field, improving stability in the superconducting state. It becomes possible to do so.
（実施例）
以下本発明の一実施例を図面を一照して説明する。本実
施例では第２図に示すようにＮｂＴｉあるいはＮｂ ３
Ｓ ｎからなる超電導物質１と銅からなる安定化材２か
ら構成された超電導線３の表面を被覆するホルマールな
どの絶縁物４の厚さとして次のような条件を満し得る厚
さにして超電導導体を構成するものである。(Example) An example of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In this example, as shown in FIG. 2, NbTi or Nb 3
The thickness of the insulating material 4 such as formal that covers the surface of the superconducting wire 3 made of the superconducting material 1 made of Sn and the stabilizing material 2 made of copper is set to a thickness that satisfies the following conditions. It constitutes a superconducting conductor.
すなわち、この絶縁物４は熱伝達特性がよいとはいえ熱
絶縁材であるため、液体ヘリウムと超電導線３との間に
温度差が生じる。この温度差ΔＴは熱流速ｑとの間に
ｑさに−・・・・・（２）
ｔ。That is, although the insulator 4 has good heat transfer characteristics, it is a heat insulating material, so a temperature difference occurs between the liquid helium and the superconducting wire 3. This temperature difference ΔT is between the heat flow rate q and q...(2) t.
なる関係がある。ここで、ｋはホルマールの場合には約
０．０４５ Ｗ／ｍ、にであり、またｑとしては超電導
線の発熱ｑｇをとれはよい。このとき、温度差ΔＴが
ΔＴ＜Ｔ ｃ （Ｂ） Ｔ ｂ ’ −・＜
３）の関係を満足すれば、前述したように核沸騰のピー
ク熱流速ｑＮより小さい外乱に対して安定になる′。There is a relationship. Here, in the case of formal, k is approximately 0.045 W/m, and q is sufficient to take the heat generation qg of the superconducting wire. At this time, the temperature difference ΔT is ΔT<T c (B) T b ′ −・<
If the relationship 3) is satisfied, it becomes stable against disturbances smaller than the peak heat flow rate qN of nucleate boiling, as described above.
但し、Ｔ呻ンは磁界Ｂに依存する臨界温度、Ｔｂは液体
ヘリウム温度である。However, T is the critical temperature dependent on the magnetic field B, and Tb is the liquid helium temperature.
したがって、今、超電導線３の発熱ｑｇを０．４Ｗ／α
にとると、（２）、 （３）式からホルマールの厚さｔ
は
ｔ＜１１．３Ｘ１０−６Ｘ（ＴｃＱ３）−Ｔｂ）
（Ｈ・・・＋・（４）が得られる。Therefore, now, the heat generation qg of the superconducting wire 3 is 0.4W/α
From equations (2) and (3), the formal thickness t
is t<11.3X10-6X(TcQ3)-Tb)
(H...+.(4) is obtained.
而して、超電導線３に被覆される絶縁物４の厚さを変え
てその熱伝達特性を第１図に表わすと曲線■、■に示す
如くなる。かかる曲線からも明らかなように絶縁物４の
厚さとして通常の線材と同じ６０μｍ以上の曲線■に比
べて絶縁物４の被覆厚が薄くなるに従って熱伝達特性が
■→■→■の曲線に示すように変化することが判る。こ
の場合、絶縁物４の被覆厚さを前記（４）式を満たすよ
うにしたときの熱伝達特性は曲線■に示す如くなシ、ま
た絶縁物がない場合の熱伝達特性は曲線■に示す如くな
る。When the thickness of the insulator 4 coated on the superconducting wire 3 is changed and the heat transfer characteristics are shown in FIG. 1, the curves ① and ① become as shown. As is clear from this curve, the heat transfer characteristics change to the curve ■→■→■ as the coating thickness of the insulator 4 becomes thinner compared to the curve ■ when the thickness of the insulator 4 is 60 μm or more, which is the same as for ordinary wires. It can be seen that it changes as shown. In this case, the heat transfer characteristics when the coating thickness of the insulator 4 satisfies the above equation (4) are as shown by the curve ■, and the heat transfer characteristics when there is no insulator are as shown by the curve ■. It becomes like this.
このように超電導線３の表面を被覆する絶縁物４の厚さ
を前記（４）式の条件を満すような直にすることによシ
、臨界温度Ｔｃが磁界の強さに応じて変動しても超電導
導体を安定にすることができる。By adjusting the thickness of the insulator 4 covering the surface of the superconducting wire 3 so as to satisfy the condition of equation (4) above, the critical temperature Tc can be made to vary depending on the strength of the magnetic field. The superconducting conductor can be made stable even if
６一
ここで、ＮｂＴｉからなる超電導物質１と安定化材２と
で構成された超電導線３にホルマールを被覆する場合の
厚さを前記（４）式に従い磁界が６Ｔ〜９Ｔについて計
算した結果をプロットして示すと第３図のような関係が
得られ、図示−・ツチング部分が安定状態となることが
判る。したがって、磁界が８Ｔの場合にはホルマールの
被覆厚さを１７．６μｍ以下とすればよい。6-Here, the thickness when formal is coated on the superconducting wire 3 composed of the superconducting material 1 made of NbTi and the stabilizing material 2 is calculated according to the above formula (4) for a magnetic field of 6T to 9T. When plotted, a relationship as shown in FIG. 3 is obtained, and it can be seen that the twitching portion shown in the figure is in a stable state. Therefore, when the magnetic field is 8T, the formal coating thickness may be 17.6 μm or less.
なお、上記実施例では絶縁物としてホルマールを用いる
場合について述べたが、熱伝達特性を向上させ得るもの
であれば、他の絶縁物であってもよいことは勿論である
。また、上記実施例では絶縁物の被覆厚さの条件を具体
的数置を取入れた（４）式にもとすいて説明したが、（
２）式、（３）式より求められる一般式
％式％）
の条件を満すものであれば、絶縁物の材質、超電導線の
発熱が異なる場合にも前述同様にして実施できるもので
ある。In addition, although the case where formal was used as an insulator was described in the said Example, it goes without saying that other insulators may be used as long as they can improve the heat transfer characteristics. In addition, in the above embodiment, the conditions for the coating thickness of the insulating material were explained using equation (4) that incorporates specific numerical values, but (
As long as the general formula (% formula %) obtained from equations 2) and (3) is satisfied, it can be carried out in the same way as described above even when the material of the insulator and the heat generation of the superconducting wire are different. .
以上述べたように本発明によれば、超電導線を被覆する
絶縁物の厚さを磁界の強さに応じて薄くするようにした
ので、超電導状態に対する安定性を向上させることがで
きる超電導導体が提供できる。As described above, according to the present invention, the thickness of the insulating material covering the superconducting wire is reduced in accordance with the strength of the magnetic field, so that a superconducting conductor that can improve stability in a superconducting state can be obtained. Can be provided.
第１図は超電導導体の熱伝達特性と高磁界で使用される
超電導導体の発熱特性とをそれぞれ示す図、第２図は本
発明による超電導導体の一実施例を示す断面図、第３図
は同実施例においてホルマールの被覆厚さと磁界の関係
を示す図である。
１・・・ＮｂＴｉあるいはＮｂ ｓ Ｓ ｎなをの超電
導物質、２・・・安定化材、３・・・超電導線、４・・
・絶縁物。
出願人代理人 弁理士 鈴 江 武 彦（に）
第１図
第２図
磁界 Ｂ （Ｔ）
第３図FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the heat transfer characteristics of a superconducting conductor and the heat generation characteristics of a superconducting conductor used in a high magnetic field, respectively. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the superconducting conductor according to the present invention. FIG. It is a figure which shows the relationship between formal coating thickness and a magnetic field in the same Example. 1... NbTi or Nb s S n superconducting material, 2... Stabilizing material, 3... Superconducting wire, 4...
·Insulator. Applicant's representative Patent attorney Takehiko Suzue Figure 1 Figure 2 Magnetic field B (T) Figure 3
Claims (1)
おいて、前記超電導線の臨界温度をＴｃ、印加磁界をＢ
、超電導線が常電導状態に転移した時のジュール熱によ
る熱流速をｑ＿ｇ、前記絶縁物の熱伝達率をｋ、液体ヘ
リウム温度をＴｃとしたとき、前記絶縁物の被覆厚さｔ
として、 ｔ≦ｋ（Ｔｃ（Ｂ）−Ｔｂ）／ｑ＿ｇ を満足する厚みに構成したことを特徴とする超電導導体
。[Claims] In a superconducting conductor in which the surface of a superconducting wire is coated with an insulating material, the critical temperature of the superconducting wire is Tc, and the applied magnetic field is B.
, where the heat flow rate due to Joule heat when the superconducting wire transitions to a normal conductive state is q_g, the heat transfer coefficient of the insulator is k, and the liquid helium temperature is Tc, the coating thickness of the insulator is t.
A superconducting conductor characterized by having a thickness that satisfies t≦k(Tc(B)-Tb)/q_g.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63003608A JP2653451B2 (en) | 1988-01-11 | 1988-01-11 | Method for determining insulation thickness of superconducting conductor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63003608A JP2653451B2 (en) | 1988-01-11 | 1988-01-11 | Method for determining insulation thickness of superconducting conductor |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01183008A true JPH01183008A (en) | 1989-07-20 |
| JP2653451B2 JP2653451B2 (en) | 1997-09-17 |
Family
ID=11562208
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63003608A Expired - Fee Related JP2653451B2 (en) | 1988-01-11 | 1988-01-11 | Method for determining insulation thickness of superconducting conductor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2653451B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100489268B1 (en) * | 2003-05-27 | 2005-05-17 | 경상대학교산학협력단 | Insulation thickness design process of high temperature superconduction cable |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS60235309A (en) * | 1984-05-08 | 1985-11-22 | 日立電線株式会社 | Method of producing nb-ti alloy superconductive wire material coated with enamel insulating coating |
| JPS62105317A (en) * | 1985-10-31 | 1987-05-15 | 昭和電線電纜株式会社 | Manufacture of internal cooling type conductor |
| JPS62259307A (en) * | 1986-05-02 | 1987-11-11 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Superconductor |
| JPS6381708A (en) * | 1986-09-26 | 1988-04-12 | 日本原子力研究所 | Superconductor |
| JPS63200414A (en) * | 1987-02-16 | 1988-08-18 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Superconductive wire |
-
1988
- 1988-01-11 JP JP63003608A patent/JP2653451B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS60235309A (en) * | 1984-05-08 | 1985-11-22 | 日立電線株式会社 | Method of producing nb-ti alloy superconductive wire material coated with enamel insulating coating |
| JPS62105317A (en) * | 1985-10-31 | 1987-05-15 | 昭和電線電纜株式会社 | Manufacture of internal cooling type conductor |
| JPS62259307A (en) * | 1986-05-02 | 1987-11-11 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Superconductor |
| JPS6381708A (en) * | 1986-09-26 | 1988-04-12 | 日本原子力研究所 | Superconductor |
| JPS63200414A (en) * | 1987-02-16 | 1988-08-18 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Superconductive wire |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100489268B1 (en) * | 2003-05-27 | 2005-05-17 | 경상대학교산학협력단 | Insulation thickness design process of high temperature superconduction cable |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2653451B2 (en) | 1997-09-17 |
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