JPH01147270A - Emergency controller for air conditioner - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To continue operation while ensuring capacity of a compressor corresponding to connection capacity of an indoor unit by bringing an unloading mechanism into a nonactuation state when capacity control is difficult where a sensor is troubled, and shortcircuitting an input and an output of an inverter therebetween when connection capacity of an indoor unit to an outdoor unit is half power supply frequency. CONSTITUTION: When refrigerant condition detection means 50 is troubled, operation frequency of a compressor 1 is controlled into half power supply frequency in an inverter 2a, and an unloading mechanism 2b is brought into a non-actuation state, so that capacity of the compressor 1 becomes 50% capacity upon maximum capacity. Further, when connection capacity of indoor units B to F, is more than predetermined capacity with respect to the capacity of an outdoor unit A, an input and output of the inverter 2a is shortcircuitted therebetween, so that the operation frequency of the compressor 1 becomes power supply frequency. Thus, the capacity of the compressor 1 becomes 10% capacity whereby continuous operation of an apparatus is ensured while dealing with the connection capacity of the indoor units B to F.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to an emergency control device for an air conditioner that enables continuous operation as appropriate even in an emergency when a sensor provided in the air conditioner malfunctions.

(Prior Art) The present applicant previously applied for a patent application in 1982-1 as an air conditioner.
In the specification and drawings of No. 180408, a compressor with an unloading mechanism is provided with an inverter that variably adjusts its operating frequency, and a plurality of indoor units are connected in parallel to an outdoor unit having this compressor. Connect to form a so-called multi-type refrigerant circulation system,
Furthermore, the state of the refrigerant in this refrigerant circulation system (e.g. evaporation temperature during cooling operation, condensation temperature during heating operation) is detected□
A refrigerant state detection means is provided, and the capacity of the compressor is controlled to be increased or decreased by the inverter and unloading mechanism so that the state of the refrigerant reaches a set state (set value), and the air conditioning capacity is adjusted to suit the load size. In response, we are proposing a system that improves air conditioning performance.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, in the event of an emergency when the refrigerant condition detection means is out of order, the condition of the refrigerant cannot be grasped and the capacity of the compressor cannot be controlled, resulting in a disadvantage that the compressor cannot be operated. .

The present invention has been made in view of the above, and its purpose is to enable continuous operation with a forced operation command from a person in the room in the event of an emergency in which the refrigerant condition detection means as described above breaks down. In addition, considering that this is a multi-type air conditioner, continuous operation is performed while the capacity of the compressor is appropriately set according to the connection capacity of the indoor unit to the C1 outdoor unit.

(Means for solving the problem) In order to achieve the above object, the solving means of the present invention is as follows.
As shown in the figure, an outdoor unit <A) has a compressor (1) with an unloading mechanism (2b) whose operating frequency is variably adjusted by an inverter (2a), while a plurality of indoor units (B) The target is a multi-type air conditioner equipped with a refrigerant circulation system (Z) formed by connecting ~ (P) in parallel. A refrigerant state detection means (50) detects the state of the refrigerant (evaporation temperature and condensation temperature of the refrigerant) in the refrigerant circulation system (Z), and receives the output of the refrigerant state detection means (50) and detects the state of the refrigerant. A capacity control means (51) for controlling the capacity of the compressor (1) using an inverter (2a) and an unloading mechanism (2b) so that the compressor (1) is in a set state is further provided. Means (5
an emergency operation means (52) operated by an operator in the event of a failure of the compressor (1), and when operating the emergency operation means (52), the operating frequency of the compressor (1) is set to half the power frequency. Emergency control means (5) controls the inverter (2a) and deactivates the unloading mechanism (2b).
3), and a shorting means (54) connected by the operator to short-circuit the inverter (2a) when the connection capacity of the indoor units (B) to (F) to the outdoor unit (A) is equal to or greater than a predetermined capacity. The configuration is such that the following is provided.

(Function) With the above configuration, in the present invention, the refrigerant state detection means (5
During normal times when there is no failure in 0), this refrigerant state detection means (
The state of the refrigerant (Z>) detected in the refrigerant circulation system (50)
The capacity of the compressor (1) is increased or decreased by the capacity control means (51) using the inverter (2a) and the unloading mechanism (2b) so that the evaporation temperature and condensation temperature of the refrigerant are brought to the set state (set value). Therefore, the air conditioning capacity corresponds well to the size of the air conditioning load, and good pot conditioning performance is exhibited.

On the other hand, in an emergency when the refrigerant state detection means (50) is out of order, the operator operates the emergency operation means (52).

As a result, the emergency control means (53) becomes operational, the operating frequency of the compressor ω is controlled to half the power supply frequency by the inverter (2a), and the unloading mechanism (2b) is deactivated. Therefore, the capacity of the compressor (1) becomes 50% of the maximum capacity (100%).

In addition, the connection capacity of the indoor units ('B) to (P) is a predetermined capacity (for example, 100%) relative to the capacity of the outdoor unit (A).
%) or more, the operator operates the shorting means (54) to short-circuit the input and output of the inverter (2a), so that the operating frequency of the compressor (1) becomes the power supply frequency. As a result, when the connected capacity of the indoor units (13) to (P) is less than a predetermined capacity (for example, 100%) with respect to the capacity of the outdoor unit (A), the capacity of the compressor (1) becomes 50% of the capacity value. Therefore, when the connection capacity of indoor units (B) to (F) is greater than a predetermined capacity (for example, 100%),
The capacity of the compressor (1) becomes 100% capacity value and corresponds well to the connected capacity of the indoor units (B) to (F),
The device will be operated continuously.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described based on the drawings from FIG. 2 onwards.

In Figure 2, (A) is an outdoor unit, (B) to (P
) is an indoor unit connected in parallel to the outdoor unit (A). The outdoor unit (A) has a compressor (1
), an oil separator (4) that separates oil from the gas discharged from the compressor (1), and a four-way separator (4) that switches as shown in the solid line in the figure during heating operation and as shown in the broken line in the figure during cooling operation. A switching valve (5), an outdoor heat exchanger (6) that functions as a condenser during cooling operation and an evaporator during heating operation, and its fan (6a).
), a subcooling coil (7), an outdoor electric expansion valve (8) that adjusts the refrigerant flow rate during cooling operation and throttles the refrigerant during heating operation, and a receiver (8) that stores the liquefied refrigerant.
9) and an accumulator (10) are built-in as main equipment, and each of the equipment (1) to (10) is connected to each other via a refrigerant communication pipe (11) so that the refrigerant can flow. .

The compressor (1) has a multi-stage operating frequency (12 stages) from 25 Hz to 120 Hz.
The compressor (1) is equipped with an inverter (2a) that variably adjusts the capacity of the compressor (1) depending on the level of the pilot pressure, and changes the capacity of the compressor (1) between a full load state of 100% capacity and an unload state of 50% capacity. Unloading mechanism that adjusts in two stages (
2b) and the pilot pipe (2b) of the unloading mechanism (2b).
pilot pressure to the compressor (1) discharge pipe (not shown)
A solenoid valve (2C) is attached to switch to the lln) side (high pressure side) or the suction pipe (llq) side (low pressure side).
) is switched to a full load state of 100%, while when the solenoid valve (2C) is switched to the low pressure side, the operating capacity of the compressor (1>) is switched to an unload state of 50%. has been done.

In addition, the above indoor units (B) to (P) have the same configuration, and each includes an indoor heat exchanger (■2) that serves as an evaporator during cooling operation and a condenser during heating operation, and Blower fan (12a)... and liquid refrigerant branch pipe (l
la)... An indoor electric expansion valve (13) that adjusts the refrigerant flow rate and throttles the refrigerant during cooling operation.
Each of the devices (12) and (13) is connected to the outdoor unit (A) via a connecting pipe (llb) equipped with a manual shutoff valve (17) to supply the refrigerant to the outdoor unit (A).
) and a refrigerant circulation system (Z) that circulates among a plurality of (5) indoor units (B) to (F).

Also, in each indoor unit (B) to (P), (T
HI)... is a room temperature sensor that detects each room temperature, (T
I(2)... and (TI3)... are temperature sensors that detect the temperature of the indoor heat exchanger (12) and the gas side piping, respectively. In the outdoor unit (A), (TI4) is a temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the discharge pipe of the compressor (1), and (TI5) is an evaporator sensor that detects the evaporation temperature in the outdoor heat exchanger (6) during heating operation. The temperature sensor (THE) is a suction gas temperature sensor that detects the suction gas temperature of the compressor (1), and (Pl) is a pressure sensor that detects the pressure of discharge gas during heating operation and the pressure of suction gas during cooling operation. .

In addition, in FIG. 2, various auxiliary devices are provided in addition to the above-mentioned main devices. (1h) is a capillary tube installed in the oil return pipe (11u) that returns lubricating oil from the oil separator (4) to the compressor (1) and controls the amount of oil returned, and (21) is the discharge pipe and suction pipe. This is a hot gas solenoid valve that is installed in the pressure equalized hot gas bypass circuit (lid) that connects the hot gas valve and is opened during defrosting, etc. Also, (l
le) is a bypass circuit for heating overload control, and the bypass circuit (He) includes an auxiliary condenser (22), a first check valve (23), and an indoor heat exchanger (12) during heating operation.
High pressure control valve (condenser) that opens when the load is low (
24) and a second check valve (25) are sequentially connected in series, and a part of them includes a liquid seal prevention bypass circuit (llf) for preventing liquid seal when the operation is stopped. 27
) and a capillary tube (CF2).

Furthermore, (fig) shows the above-mentioned heating overload bypass circuit (1
1e) A liquid injection bypass circuit for connecting the liquid refrigerant side piping and the suction gas pipe of the main piping to adjust the degree of superheating of the suction gas during heating and cooling operation, the liquid injection bypass circuit (l1g) There is an injection solenoid valve (29) that opens and closes in conjunction with the on/off of the compressor (1), and an automatic valve that adjusts its opening according to the degree of superheat of the intake gas detected by a temperature-sensitive cylinder (TPI). An expansion valve (30) is provided.

In Fig. 2, (Fl) to (F6) are liquid purification filters (HPS) installed in the refrigerant circuit or oil return pipe.
) is a high-pressure switch for compressor protection, and (sp) is a service port.

The above-mentioned solenoid valves and sensors are connected to the outdoor control unit (15) shown in FIG. 3 by signal lines along with each main equipment, and the outdoor control unit (15) is connected to each indoor control unit (16)... It is connected to the terminal by contact wiring so that signals can be sent and received.

Next, an electric circuit diagram of the interior of the outdoor control unit (15) shown in FIG. 3 and the wiring of each connected device will be explained. In the figure, (MC) is the motor of the compressor (1) connected to the inverter (2a), (MP) is the motor of the outdoor fan (6a), (52F), (52C)
are the outdoor fan motor (MP) and inverter (
This is a magnetic contactor for power supply to 2a), and each of the above devices is connected to a three-phase power supply via a fuse box (PS) and a ground leakage breaker (BRI), and the outdoor control unit ( 15) is connected. Next, inside the outdoor control unit (15), the normally open contacts (RYI) to (RYE) of the electromagnetic relay are connected in parallel.
These are connected in order to the electromagnetic relay (2O8) of the four-way switching valve (5).
), electromagnetic contactor for inverter (52C), electromagnetic contactor for outdoor fan (52F), solenoid valve for unloading (2C)
) solenoid relay (SvL), hot gas solenoid valve (21
) is connected in series to the solenoid relay (SVP) of the injection solenoid valve (29) and the solenoid relay (SVT) of the injection solenoid valve (29). Opening/closing is controlled according to signals from the sensor (T old) and temperature sensors (TH2) to (TH6) to open and close the contacts of each of the electromagnetic contactors or electromagnetic relays. In addition, the terminal (CN) has
A pulse motor (
EV) is connected. In the circuit on the right side of Figure 3, (CHI) is a heater for preventing oil forming of the compressor (1), which is connected in series with the electromagnetic contactor (52C1), and current flows when the compressor (1) is stopped. It is done like this. Furthermore, (5Ic) is an overcurrent relay for the motor (MC), (49C) is a temperature rise protection switch for the compressor (1), (6311) is a pressure rise protection switch for the compressor (1), (51F) is an overcurrent relay for the fan motor (MP), and these are connected in series to turn on the electromagnetic relay (30FX) at startup, turn it off at failure, and switch off the compressor (1) and outdoor fan. (6a) constitutes a protection circuit that makes an emergency stop. And, the outdoor control unit (15) has an outdoor control device (
15a) is built-in, and the outdoor control device (15a)
Accordingly, the outdoor unit (
The operation of each device in A) is controlled.

Next, control of the operating capacity of the compressor (1) will be explained using the cooling operation as an example. Note that this capacity control is performed by an outdoor control device (15a) connected to the outdoor unit (A).

That is, the refrigerant temperature Te obtained by converting the suction gas pressure detected by the pressure sensor (Pl) into the phase frost saturation temperature,
In other words, after functioning as a refrigerant state measuring means (50) that detects the evaporation temperature (refrigerant state) of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circulation system (Z), the compressor ( PI sub-control (proportional-integral control) is performed as feedback control of the operating capacity in step 1), and the target capacity L1 of the compressor (1) is determined based on the difference between the current and previous evaporation temperature Te and its target value Tea. The value of e (t),
e (t - Δt), calculate the evaporation temperature Te to its target value Tec using the following formula % LO, current operating capacity Kc, gain (constant) Ti, integral constant Δt: sampling time. The evaporation temperature Te of the refrigerant is the target value Te.

When the evaporation temperature Te exceeds the target value 100, the capacity step of the compressor (1) is increased, whereas when the evaporation temperature Te is less than the target value 100, the capacity step of the compressor (1) is decreased.

Thereafter, the operating capacity of the compressor (I) corresponding to the target capacity L1 is determined based on the preset capacity map shown in FIG. The operating capacity is controlled by an inverter (2a) and an unloading mechanism (2b). And the sampling time Δt
Wait for the elapsed time and repeat the above operations. Therefore, the above operation receives the output of the refrigerant state detection means (50) and maintains the evaporation temperature (refrigerant state) Te of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circulation system (Z) at the target value Tea (set state). Capacity control means (which controls the capacity of the compressor (1) by an inverter (2a) and an unloading mechanism (2b)
51).

As shown in FIG. 3, the outdoor control unit (15) has an emergency switch (52) as an emergency operation means that is manually operated by an operator such as a person in the room. connected to allow input.

The emergency switch (52) is used to temporarily enable continuous operation of the apparatus in the event of a failure of the refrigerant state detection means (50) due to an abnormality in the pressure sensor (Pl) or the like.

In addition, in the same figure, near the inverter (2a), there is a short circuit means (2a) consisting of connection wiring connected by an operator such as a person in the room to short-circuit between the input and output of the inverter (2a).
54) are arranged. This shorting means (54) connects the indoor units (B) to (
The connection is made only when the connection capacity of P) is equal to or greater than a predetermined capacity (for example, 100%).

Next, the control flow shown in Fig. 5 is to perform emergency capacity control of the compressor (1) in an emergency when it becomes difficult to control the capacity of the compressor (1) to maintain the evaporation temperature at the target value as described above. I will explain based on.

That is, in step S1, it is determined whether or not the emergency switch (52) is operated (ON), and when it is not operated, the capacity of the compressor (1) is normally controlled as described above in step S2, while When the answer is YES during operation, the capacity of the compressor (1) is temporarily controlled from step S3 onwards.

That is, first, in step S3, all indoor units (B) to (P
), on the condition that all of the indoor thermostats of In step S6, the unloading mechanism (2b) is controlled to be inactive and the inverter (
2a) frequency command signal to the power supply frequency (e.g. 60Hz
) and set it to half the value (30Hz) of the compressor (1).
The capacity is operated at half the maximum capacity (100%) (50%), and the process returns to step S3.

On the other hand, when there is a defrost command signal in step S4, the unloading mechanism (2b) is activated in step S7 in order to effectively defrost the frost that has formed on the outdoor heat exchanger (6) in a short time.
At the same time, the frequency command signal of the inverter (2a) is set to 70Hz, and the capacity of the compressor (1) is operated at a capacity value of the maximum capacity (100%) or more, and this operating state is set to a step The process continues in S8 until the defrost command signal disappears, and then returns to step S3.

Similarly, when there is an oil return command signal in step S5, the unloading mechanism (2b) is controlled to be inactive in step S9 in order to effectively return lubricating oil to the compressor (1) in a short time. At the same time, the frequency command signal of the inverter (2a) is set to 70Hz, and the capacity of the compressor (1) is operated at a capacity value greater than or equal to the maximum capacity (100%), and this operating state is set at step shD. The process continues until the oil return command signal is no longer present, and then returns to step S3.

Therefore, steps 81 to S6 of the control flow in FIG.
When the emergency switch (52) is manually operated, the inverter (2a) frequency command signal is set to 30Hz, the unload mechanism (2b) is controlled to be inactive, and the operating frequency of the compressor (1) is set to the power supply. The emergency control means (53) is configured to set the frequency to half (30Hz) of the frequency (60Hz).

Although not shown, if the indoor thermometer of any one indoor unit is turned off in the above emergency operating state,
The operation of all indoor units (B) to (F) is stopped.

Therefore, in the above embodiment, the pressure sensor (Pl
), when there is no abnormality etc. in the refrigerant circulation system (Z) based on the suction gas pressure detected by the pressure sensor (Pl).
The evaporation temperature Te of the refrigerant is detected by the refrigerant state detection means (50), and the capacity of the compressor (1) is controlled by the capacity control means (51) as shown in FIG. 3 so that the evaporation temperature Te becomes the target value Teo. Since the inverter (2a) and the unloading mechanism (2b) perform multi-stage control based on the capacity map, the air conditioning capacity corresponds well to the air conditioning load and the operating indoor units (B) to (P) Each room corresponding to the above will be properly cooled and air-conditioned.

On the other hand, in an emergency such as when the pressure sensor (Pl) malfunctions, the accurate evaporation temperature Te of the refrigerant cannot be determined, making it difficult to control the capacity of the compressor (1).

However, in the event of an emergency, the emergency switch (52) is manually operated by an operator such as a person in the room, and this activates the emergency control means (53), and all indoor units (B)
On the condition that all the room temperature thermostats of ~(P) are turned on, the frequency setting signal of the inverter (2a) is set to half the power supply frequency (BOHz) (30Hz), and the unloading mechanism (2b ) becomes inactive.

At this time, if the connection capacity of the indoor unit to the outdoor unit (A) is less than a predetermined capacity (for example, 100%),
The short-circuiting means (54) is not operated to short-circuit by the operator. As a result, the operating frequency of the compressor (1) is changed by the inverter (
2a) is the half value (30H7) of the power supply frequency (60H7).
Hz), and the capacitance value is controlled to the maximum capacity (100Hz).
%), which corresponds to the connected capacity of the indoor unit (less than 100%) as well as possible.Moreover, in this emergency, the defrost command of the outdoor heat exchanger (6), When there is a command to return lubricating oil to the compressor (1), the frequency setting signal of the inverter (2a) becomes 70Hz, and the capacity of the compressor (1) increases, so the outdoor heat exchanger (6) Defrosting and returning lubricating oil to the compressor (1) can be performed effectively in a short time.

In addition, the indoor unit (B) for the outdoor unit (A)
When the connection capacity of ~(F) is a predetermined capacity (for example, 100%) or more, the shorting means (54) is operated by an operator such as a person in the room, and the input and output of the inverter (2a) are short-circuited. Therefore, although the inverter (2a) itself outputs a frequency setting signal of 30H2, the compressor (1) is operated at the power supply frequency (60Hz) and its capacity value is 100H2.
% capacity value, which corresponds well to the connection capacity (100% or more) of the indoor units (B) to (F).

Therefore, the indoor unit (B) is different from the outdoor unit (A).
) to (F), the capacity of the compressor (1) can be appropriately set according to the connected capacity, and the operation of the apparatus can be continued satisfactorily.

(Effects of the Invention) As explained above, according to the emergency control device for an air conditioner of the present invention, when controlling the capacity of the compressor in multiple stages while detecting the state of the refrigerant with the sensor, the sensor In an emergency where it is difficult to control the capacity due to failure, the unloading mechanism is deactivated, the inverter is used to control the compressor capacity to half the power frequency, and the capacity of the indoor unit connected to the outdoor unit is at least a predetermined value. When ,
Since the operator short-circuited the input and output of the above-mentioned inverter using a short-circuiting means, even in this emergency, the equipment can be operated while maintaining the compressor's capacity that corresponds well to the connected capacity of the indoor unit. You can continue.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the present invention. Figures 2 to 5 show embodiments of the present invention, Figure 2 is a refrigerant piping system diagram, Figure 3 is an electric circuit diagram, Figure 4 is a capacity map, and Figure 5 is an outdoor control device. FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing compressor capacity control in an emergency. (A)...Outdoor unit, (B)-(P)...Indoor unit, (1)...Compressor, (2a)...Inverter, (2b)...Unloading mechanism, ( Pl)...
Pressure sensor, (Z)...refrigerant circulation system, (15)...
- Outdoor control unit, (15a)... outdoor control device,
(50)...Refrigerant state detection means, (51)...Capacity control means, (52)...Emergency switch, (53)...
- Emergency control means, (54)...short circuit means. Patent applicant Daikin Industries, Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) For an outdoor unit (A) having a compressor (1) with an unloading mechanism (2b) whose operating frequency is variably adjusted by an inverter (2a), a plurality of indoor units (B) to ( A refrigerant state detection means (50) for detecting the state of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circulation system (Z); ) and a capacity control means (51) for controlling the capacity of the compressor (1) using an inverter (2a) and an unloading mechanism (2b) so that the state of the refrigerant becomes a set state. In the air conditioner, an emergency operation means (52) is operated by the operator when the refrigerant state detection means (50) fails, and when the emergency operation means (52) is operated, the compressor (1)
The inverter (2a) is controlled to make the operating frequency half the power supply frequency, and the unloading mechanism (2b)
an emergency control means (53) for inactivating the indoor units (B) to (F) for the outdoor unit (A);
emergency control for an air conditioner, characterized in that it is equipped with a short-circuiting means (54) that is connected by an operator to short-circuit between the input and output of the inverter (2a) when the connected capacity of the inverter (2a) is greater than or equal to a predetermined capacity. Device.