JPH01110089A - Controller for variable speed induction motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide excellent torque characteristic and efficiency in a total speed range of a variable speed induction motor from a starting point to a maximum rotating speed by rotatably adjusting at least one of a plurality of stators. CONSTITUTION:A plurality of rotor cores 2, 3 are secured to a rotary shaft 4. Stators 25, 31 are provided concentrically at the plurality of cores 2, 3 on the outer peripheries of the cores, and the stator 31 is rotatable. The rotating position of the stator 31 is detected by a rotating position detector at the time of starting its operation, the stator 31 is so rotated by a small-sized motor 35 to an arbitrary position as to set the rotating speed of a starting type to an arbitrary speed in response to the load of the rotor, and a motor 1 is then started. Thus, the start of the motor can be efficiently and smoothly performed together with the reduction in the size of its starter.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to an electric motor that can set a speed control range over a wide range and in a stepless manner. It relates to a control device that sets the rotation speed to an arbitrary rotation speed and performs smooth startup and variable speed operation.

[Prior art and its problems]

Conventionally, when starting a squirrel cage induction motor that is commonly used, star-delta starting, reactor starting, starting compensator starting, etc. are known as means for suppressing the starting current. However, the rotation speed can only be suppressed in stages, and the starting current cannot be controlled by appropriately changing the suppression value set in the starting device.

In addition, in wire-wound motors, it is possible to perform stepless control from startup to desired rotational speed relatively easily by changing the resistance value of the secondary resistor, but on the other hand, the configuration of the control device is 2) It cannot be used in a squirrel cage induction motor because it is expensive and the control operation is troublesome.

To address the above problems, for example,
The technology disclosed in Publication No. 19005 includes two sets of stators each having independent stator windings facing two sets of rotor cores installed on the same axis; A squirrel-cage conductor is installed in common across the rotor core and is short-circuited at both ends via short-circuit rings, and a squirrel-cage conductor is connected at the center of the squirrel-cage conductor between the two sets of rotor cores. The stator windings are equipped with independent windings facing the rotor core, and the phases of the stator windings are shifted by 180° at startup, so that the operation after startup is controlled. Sometimes this is a twin-iron cage type mower that feeds power in phase, but this one increases the starting torque by shifting the phase of the stator windings by 180 degrees during startup, improving the starting characteristics. During operation, the stator windings are matched in phase with each other and can be operated with normal torque characteristics. Therefore, even if the effect of improving startability is recognized, this electric motor is not a variable speed electric motor and cannot be used as a power source for a load that requires speed change.

In addition, in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 54-29005, the power supply circuits of the stator windings are momentarily connected in series for the purpose of mitigating the shock caused by sudden fluctuations in torque when transitioning from startup to operation. One example is to provide an intermediate step, but in this case, the phase shift of the 0-turn magnetic field is limited to both O'' and 180°, and is not intended for speed change. By switching, the voltage applied to the stator is halved, so the torque is 1/4
It is clear from the fact that the gist of this bulletin is not intended for speed change that the speed change control becomes completely impossible due to the reduction in the stator winding. There is an intermediate step in which the power supply circuit is switched between series connection and parallel connection, but this series connection is nothing more than a connection that is completely useless for the purpose of speed change, and the stator is moved to an appropriate position when the motor starts operating. It is not equipped with a device to rotate the stator and a device to detect the rotational position of the stator, making it impossible to smoothly start the rotor at a desired rotation speed at the start of operation, and to control the speed change to a desired speed. The defects that could not be resolved were left unresolved.

Furthermore, JP-A-49-86807 proposes an asynchronous electric motor having a stator with polyphase windings and a squirrel-cage rotor, including conductive bars, short-circuit end rings, and ferromagnetic laminations. 2), the stator comprises first and second winding sections arranged coaxially adjacent each other and different parts of the rotor;
an asynchronous electric motor which can be supplied with an alternating current of the same frequency and is provided with means for varying the electromotive force induced in the rotor windings by means of a second winding section; Alternatively, it is possible to change the rotational speed by creating a phase difference between the two stator sections by electrical means2), but this cannot be done unless the phase angles between the two stator sections are in phase. The torque is small and the operation stops immediately when a load is applied, making it completely unusable2).
It cannot be used as a power source that frequently stops and stops, and it also does not have a means to detect the rotational position of the stator at the time of starting operation, so the rotational position of the stator at the time of starting operation is unstable. This left unresolved serious problems such as failure to start and damage to the starting equipment if it were accurate.

[Purpose of the invention]

The present invention is aimed at improving the drawbacks of the above-mentioned prior art, and is
- It has a unique torque characteristic that cannot be achieved by the sum of each of the parts described in Publication No. 86807, and can be set to any desired speed with a wide speed control range and stepless speed control, and can be started with any torque. In the variable speed induction motor, which has excellent torque characteristics and efficiency that can be achieved by applying a rated current that is almost the same as that at the maximum rotation speed over the entire speed range from the starting point to the maximum rotation speed, A rotation position detector detects the rotation position of the rotation stator, and at startup, the rotation stator is rotated to an arbitrary rotation position according to the arbitrary load value, and then the motor is started more efficiently. The object of the present invention is to provide a control device that can operate smoothly.

The variable speed induction motor of the present invention is used by being connected to a single-phase or three-phase power supply, and the rotor has a normal squirrel cage type, a double squirrel cage type, or a deep groove cage type.

It can be applied to any type of special squirrel-cage rotor core, etc. 2) The conductor used in the explanation of the present invention refers to a conductor installed in a squirrel-cage rotor core, and a wound rotor core. This is a general term for each of the windings wound on the
, connecting the plurality of stators to a power source in parallel, or connecting the plurality of stators in series, and forming plural types of pole numbers in the plurality of stator two rotors. It is possible to arbitrarily select and employ windings such as winding.

[Means for solving problems]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention connects each of a plurality of conductors fixed to a rotating shaft at arbitrary intervals to form an integral rotor, and The plurality of conductors are short-circuited to the space or non-magnetic material part formed between the plurality of rotor cores installed in each of the plurality of rotor cores, and the plurality of conductors are connected concentrically to the plurality of rotor cores and on the outer periphery thereof. In the electric motor, a plurality of stators are arranged in parallel and facing each other, and at least one stator among the plurality of stators is formed as a freely rotatable rotary stator, wherein the rotary stator can be moved to an arbitrary position. 2) by means of a structure in which a drive device that rotates to a position of 2) and a rotation position detector that detects a rotation position of the rotation stator are mounted directly or indirectly in relation to the rotation stator; , as a means to solve the above problems.

[For production]

The present invention is characterized in that when at least one rotary stator among the plurality of stators is rotated, the phase of the voltage induced between the plurality of stators and the voltage induced between the plurality of stators wound around one rotor core are changed. A phase shift occurs between the phase of the voltage induced between one conductor and the other multiple conductors, and the voltage induced on the rotor conductor changes according to the phase shift, causing The rotational speed of the rotor can be changed arbitrarily by increasing or decreasing the voltage applied to the rotor.

In addition, since the plurality of conductors wound around the plurality of rotor cores are short-circuited through the resistive material between the plurality of rotor cores, the plurality of conductors are short-circuited through the resistive material, especially at startup and during low rotational speed operation. Electric current inevitably flows from the plurality of conductors provided in the rotor core through the resistive material, making it possible to generate strong rotational torque.

By the way, at the start of operation, the rotation position of the rotation stator is detected by a rotation position detector, and the rotation is fixed by a drive device so that the rotation speed of the starting type is set to an arbitrary speed according to the load on the rotor. Since the motor is started after the child is rotated to an arbitrary position, the starting device can be downsized and the starting can be performed efficiently and smoothly.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention will be described based on FIGS. 1 to 14.

A first embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3.

Reference numeral 1 shown in FIG. 1 is a variable speed induction motor 2) according to the present invention, and the induction motor 1 has the following configuration.

Rotor cores 2 and 3 made of iron cores are mounted on a rotor shaft 4 with arbitrary intervals, and a non-magnetic core 9 is interposed between the rotor cores 2 and 3. In the non-magnetic core 9 portion between the rotor cores 2 and 3, the non-magnetic core 9 is made of a heat-resistant material such as asbestos, racemic material (ceramics such as bricks, etc.).

(including non-magnetic new ceramics, etc.).
It may be formed integrally by surrounding it, or it may be formed with an opening at a suitable location. Each of the plurality of conductors 5... installed in the rotor core 2.3 is connected in series to form an integral rotor 8, and the plurality of conductors 5... connected in series are connected in series. Both ends are connected by a short ring 6.7. In addition, a plurality of ventilation cylinders 12 are connected to the rotor cores 2 and 3 and the non-magnetic core 9 to both sides 10 and 11 of the rotor 8.
Establish... A plurality of conductors 5 installed on the rotor 8...
- is a nichrome wire or carbon-containing steel that serves as a connecting material for each of the plurality of conductors 5 in the non-magnetic core 9 portion between the rotor cores 2 and 3.

A short-circuit connection may be made via a resistive material r such as a conductive ceramic, and an insulating coating may be applied to the resistive material r. A plurality of cooling bodies 13 made of a plurality of non-magnetic materials such as aluminum, ceramic, resin, rubber, glass, etc. are attached to the non-magnetic core 9, and the cooling bodies 13 are formed on the cooling blade vehicle body 13A. It is. In addition, the cooling effect body 13
As shown in FIG. 2, the non-magnetic core 9 is made of the above-mentioned arbitrary non-magnetic material to form a cooling fan, or the cooling body 13 is formed into various shapes, and the cooling body 13 is formed into a cooling fan.
A plurality of optional cooling elements may be attached to one or both inner surfaces of the rotor core 2.3, and furthermore, a cooling body of any type may be attached to the rotor shaft 4 in the space of the rotor core 2.3. A2), and a plurality of resistive materials ``...'' in the form of a zigzag shape or any other cooling agitator as the cooling effecting body 1.
3, the resistive material "..." is optionally made of the above-mentioned non-magnetic material to form a cooling agitator of various shapes as a cooling effecting body 13.
may form. Note that the above-mentioned asbestos, ceramic material, etc., which is a heat-resistant material, may be attached to one or both sides of the inner surface of the rotor core 2.3. (Fig. 1.

(See Figure 2) Bearings provided on both sides of the cylindrical machine frame 14!
3115.16 to connecting rod 17 with bolts at both ends.
... and nuts 18..., cooling impellers 19 and 20 are attached to both sides of the rotor 8, and both ends of the rotor shaft 4 are fitted into the bearing discs 15 and 16. Bearing 21.
21, and the rotor 4 is rotatable.

A winding 2 is concentrically arranged on the outer side of the rotor core 2, 3.
The rotating stator 31 and the second stator 25 subjected to 2.23 are arranged facing each other in parallel, and a sliding bearing 26 is installed between the machine frame 14 and the rotating stator 31, and the sliding bearing 26 is installed between the machine frame 14 and the rotating stator 31. The left and right movement is fixed by the stop ring 28 fitted in 14,
The machine frame 14 and the second stator 25 are fixed by a ventilation fixing ring 27A and a fixing ring 27B, which are provided with ventilation windows at several locations. A gear 33 is fitted on the outer circumferential surface of one side of the rotary stator 31 (2), and a drive device F2 is fixed to the outer circumference of the machine frame 14.
9 and a small motor 35 for forward and reverse rotation, and a driving gear 36.
A plurality of ventilation holes 39 are bored in the outer periphery of the machine frame 14, and a plurality of ventilation holes 40-.
・It is perforated.

Ventilation is provided in a space 66 formed between the rotor cores 2.3, the rotary stator 31 mounted on the sliding bearing 26, and the second stator 251 fixed to the ventilation fixing ring 27A and the fixing ring 27B. A plurality of openings are formed in the machine frame 1 to communicate with the air outlet 167, and the plurality of openings are formed into an arbitrary number of ventilation ports 68 and ventilation ports 69. A motor 72 which is pivoted to a windmill 71 is attached to a blower body 70 to form a blower device 73, and the motor 72 is formed to be able to freely rotate in forward and reverse directions. In some cases, it is formed so that the speed can be changed freely.

The blower device 73 is fixed to the machine frame 14, and the blower device 7
Connect the air intake part 74A of No. 3 to the air exhaust port 69 to ventilate ff1l1.
67, and a ventilation port 68 that introduces outside air from the other side of the ventilation port 69.
0 is provided with an air exhaust section 74B.

The drive gear 36 partially inserted into the machine frame 14 through the opening 37 is engaged with the gear 33 fitted on the rotary stator 31, and a small motor 35 with a switch and a drive device 129 is connected. A second stator 25 is connected to the rotating stator 31 via a rotating mechanism 30 consisting of a gear 33 and a drive gear 36 so that the rotating stator 31 can freely rotate, and is fixed to the machine frame 14. A rotary stator 31 that is rotatable in relation to the voltage phase shifter 100 is installed in the voltage phase shifter 100.

A magnetic sensor 32 is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the rotating stator 31,
A plurality of magnetic detectors 34 with different terminal diameters for detecting magnetism in relation to the magnetic sensor 32 are embedded in a non-magnetic plate 41, and the non-magnetic plate 41 is attached to the inner peripheral surface of the machine frame 14. The magnetic sensor 32 and the magnetic sensing body 34 form a rotational position detector 42, and the magnetic sensor 32 is
It is electrically connected to a display 43 into which the rotational position of the rotational stator 31 set for each magnetic detection body 34 is input. Reference numeral 38 is a solenoid that controls the entry and exit of the protruding piece, and the solenoid 38 is attached to the machine frame 14, and the protruding piece is engaged with the gear 33 fitted to the rotary stator 31 so that it can be attached freely.2) A speed detector 44 such as a tacho generator is mounted on the rotor shaft 4, and the speed detector 44 is connected to a speed indicator 45. Note that the speed detector 44 is not limited to being attached to the rotor shaft 4, and a non-contact type tachometer such as a strobe type tachometer or a photoelectric tachometer may be attached to the rotor core 2.3, a non-magnetic tachometer, etc. Body core9. It may be arranged and used in connection with the conductor 5, etc.

Next, based on FIG. 3, the rotary stator 31 and the second stator 2 are
The connection of the windings 22 and 23 wound around each of the windings 22 and 23 will be explained. The rotating stator 31° and the windings 1122 and 23 each having a star connection are connected in series to each of the second stator 25. That is, the terminals A, B of the winding 22 of the rotating stator 31,
C is connected to the commercial three-phase power supply A, B, and C, and the winding 2
The terminals a, b, and c of the second stator 25 are connected to the terminals A, B, and C of the winding 23 of the second stator 25, and the terminals a, b, and c of the winding 23 are short-circuited and connected.

The operation of the above configuration will be explained below.

When the windings 22.23 are energized from a commercial three-phase power source, a rotating magnetic field is generated in the rotating stator 31.25, voltage is induced in the rotor 8, and current flows through the conductors 5 of the rotor 8. The rotor 8 rotates. The second stator 25 with respect to the rotating stator 31
When each rotation amount is set to zero, there is no phase shift in the magnetic flux of the rotating magnetic field generated in each stator 31.
Since no current flows through the motor, it has the same torque characteristics as a general induction motor.

Next, a case will be described in which the small motor 35 is operated to rotate the rotary stator 31, and the rotary stator 31 is rotated by an electrical phase angle of θ. Rotating stator 31 and second stator 25
The magnetic flux of the rotating magnetic field created by φ1. The phase of φ2 is shifted by θ2), so the phase of the voltage color and white induced in the conductor 5 of the rotor 8 by the rotating stator 31 and the second stator 25 is shifted by θ. . Now, the direction of the voltage induced in the conductors 5 of the rotor 8 by the second stator 25 is taken as a reference, and the voltage is defined as m-8E.

Here, S is the slip 2) and E is the induced voltage when the slip is 1. At this time, the voltage direction induced in the conductor 5A by the first stator 24 is 61-8Eε''.

(Induced voltage when E-slip 1) What is shown in Fig. 4 is the case where the resistive material r... that short-circuits the plurality of conductors 5... is not installed in the non-magnetic core 9 section. This shows the relationship between the slip S of the rotor 8 and the active power P of the rotor input.When the voltage phase is θ-0°, the active power P is maximum2), and when 0°<θ<180° Time is smaller than that. Here conductor 5...
Let R and L be the resistance and inductance of
It appears when ωL).

Since the active power P is proportional to the driving torque of the induction motor 1, the voltage induced in the rotor 8 is adjusted by operating the small motor 35 and rotating the rotary stator 31 relative to the second stator 25. However, the speed of the rotor can be controlled steplessly.

Next, let R1 and R2 be the respective resistances from the short-circuit rings 6 and 7 of the conductors 5 of the rotor 8 to the connecting material, let Ll and L2 be the inductances, let ω be the angular frequency of the power supply, and let each conductor 5 If the resistance of the resistive material that short-circuits each of ... is r, the electrical equivalent circuit of the rotor 8 is as shown in Figure 62), and the symbol ■+ and I2.13 represent each branch. It shows the current flowing.

Next, when converting the circuit shown in Fig. 5 into an equivalent circuit seen from both stator 31.25 sides, it becomes as shown in Fig. 62), R1-
When θ-0゛ at R2, L-L2, I3-II-1
2-0, and no current flows through the resistor material r.

This means that when θ-θ°, the torque T is equal to the value without r. Therefore, when θ-〇°, it has the same torque characteristics as a conventional induction motor.

Next, when R+-R2 and L+-L2 are θ-180°, II--I2. I3-II-12=21+tona2)
, in a conventional induction motor, the resistance of the rotor conductor is R*-
If R2=R, the result is the same as if R were increased to R+2r.

Due to the rotation of the rotor 8 2), bearing! Outside air is sucked into the machine frame 14 by the cooling impeller 19 and 20 through the ventilation holes 40 bored in the holes 115 and 16, and the cooling pulley 19 draws the winding 229 into the rotor core 2. The conductors 5, etc. are cooled and removed to the outside of the machine frame 14 through the ventilation holes 39A. ...and cools the rotor core, non-magnetic core 92 and rotor core 3, and cools the bearing [16
The air sucked from the winding 23. The second stator 25 is ventilated and cooled, and the exhaust is discharged from the ventilation fixed link 2.
The windings 22, 23, rotor cores 2, 3, non-magnetic material 9. A function is stably exerted on each of the conductors 5...

Next, FIG.
This will be explained with reference to FIG.

Windings 22 and 23 are connected in series, so current flows between windings 122 and 23 from a commercial three-phase power supply, but if winding 81
22.Difference in resistance of each of 23 or both stators 3
1.25, the magnitude of the current flowing through each winding 22.23 is the same, and therefore the rotating stator 31 and the second stator 25 The magnitude of the current induced and flowing from each of the conductors 5 of the rotor 8 to the rotor 8 is the same, and the rotating stator 3
1. Depending on the rotation difference with respect to the second stator 25, that is, the phase shift that occurs in the magnetic flux of the rotating magnetic field, the magnitude of the current flowing from each of the stators 31, 25 to the conductor 5 of the rotor 8 becomes equal. The effect of the forcing force and the vector difference current caused by the phase difference in voltage between both stators 31.25 are caused by the resistance material "..." which connects each of the plurality of conductors 5... Due to the synergistic effect (2) with the effect of the forced force that inevitably flows through , even when a load is connected, it is easy to start in each speed range, and it can be used to suit the starting characteristics of the load for smooth starting or high output, etc. , it is possible to optimally cope with a power source that frequently repeats starting and stopping.As mentioned above, the speed of the rotor 8 is controlled by controlling the phase shift by the rotary stator 31, and the conductors 5 of the rotor 8... The rotational speed of the rotor 8 can be changed arbitrarily only by increasing or decreasing the current flowing through the rotor 8.

Note that the rotating stator 31 has windings 22 and 23 connected in series.
and the second stator 25 to the conductor 5 of the rotor 8, respectively.
・For the magnitude of the current flowing in ・, multiple conductors 5...
The ratio of the current that flows in a short circuit through the resistive material r... is determined by the value of Pθ (P - number of pole pairs, θ - phase angle), regardless of the resistance value and slip of the resistive material r... (The above ratio is zero at Pθ-0 at maximum Pθ-π) If Pθ is constant, the slip is similar to the case where the secondary insertion resistance of a general wound blade conductive motor is constant. and the torque characteristics 2), when Pθ becomes small, the conductor 5 of the rotor 8...
Since the ratio of current flowing through the motor is small2), reducing Pθ has the same effect as reducing the secondary insertion resistance of a general wound blade conductive motor. When the rated current is passed through the stator 31.25 again, the phase difference θ
Depending on the selection of the slip value and the design of the resistance value of the connecting material2), the rated current and rated torque characteristics of the maximum speed can be made to work almost equally in each speed range even if the rated current and torque characteristics are changed arbitrarily. .

In addition, the windings 22.2 of the rotary stator 31 and the second stator 25
3 are connected in series, if a connecting material is provided between the conductors 5 and there is no short circuit, almost no current will flow through the rotor conductors 5 when there is a phase difference. 2) If the windings 1122.23 of the stator 31.25 are connected to the power supply in parallel, the efficiency and torque will be significantly lower.

In contrast to the above, the winding 2 of the rotary stator 31 and the second stator 25
2.23 are connected in parallel to a commercial three-phase power supply, the rotation stator 31 and the winding 1122 of the second stator 25
．． The voltages input to the re-stators 31 and 23 are the same, and the voltages induced from each of the re-stators 31 and 25 to the conductors 5 of the rotor 8 are the same, but the phases of the voltages differ by Pθ2). The current flowing through the resistive material r, which serves as a connecting material between..., is (1/2) The current is approximately proportional to the resistance value of the material ``...''. However, in addition to the current flowing through the resistive material r... in the conductor 5 of the rotor 8, A current approximately proportional to (sum voltage induced in) ÷ (impedance of rotor conductor) flows in a superimposed manner. (The impedance of a conductor is composed of the resistance of the conductor and the secondary leakage reactance, and therefore varies depending on the slippage.) Therefore, for the magnitude of the current flowing through the conductors 5 of the rotor 8, the impedance between the multiple conductors 5... The ratio of current flowing through the resistance material r... varies depending on the slip and resistance value even if Pθ is constant2).The slip and torque characteristics when Pθ is constant are those of a general wound blade conduction motor. As shown in Figure 92), this characteristic is a mixture of the characteristics when the secondary insertion resistance of the motor is fixed and the characteristics when the primary voltage of a general induction motor is controlled. The range of speed control becomes narrower than the characteristic when the windings 22, 23 of the children 31, 25 are connected in series.

By the way (see FIG. 2), when the variable speed induction motor 1 starts operating, the rotating stator 31. which is detected by the magnetic sensor 32. For example, if the rotational position of is 60 degrees in electrical angle, if the power is turned on without considering the starting characteristics of the load connected to the rotor shaft 4, the load that requires a large starting torque will be connected. Conventionally, problems such as the inability to start the electric motor 1 and ensuring sufficient capacity of the starting device have been encountered, but the feature of the present invention is that the starting device cannot be started. 2) Before starting operation of the electric motor 1, the rotation fixed position of the rotation stator 31 is determined by the rotation position. It is detected by the magnetic sensor 32 of the detector 32. For example, the magnetic sensor 32 detects the rotational position of the rotational stator 31 from the magnetic detection body 34c and communicates it to the display 43, and the display 43 determines the rotational position of the rotational stator 31 based on the signal value. Digitally displays the position as 60 degrees in electrical angle. Based on the display of the rotational position, the solenoid 38 is actuated to unlock the gear 33, and the small motor 35 is reversed by a switch to start the motor in accordance with the starting characteristics of the load connected to the rotor shaft 4. For example, when the rotating position of the rotating stator 31 is set to 150 degrees in electrical angle, the magnetic sensor 32 detects the magnetic sensing body 34r and the rotating stator 31 is displayed on the display 43.
The motor is operated until the target starting rotational position of 150° is displayed, and when the target starting rotational position is displayed, the operation of the small motor 35 is stopped and the solenoid 38 is activated to lock the gear 33. , fixes the rotation of the rotation stator 31.

After the above operation is completed, when the windings 22 and 23 are energized from the power supply, the rotor shaft 4 starts the rotary stator 31 at a smooth rotational speed corresponding to the starting rotation position, and then the solenoid 3
8 to unlock the gear 33, operate the switch to rotate the small motor 35 in the forward direction, detect changes in the rotational speed of the rotor shaft 4 with the speed detector 44, and detect the change in the rotation speed of the rotor shaft 4. When the speed indicator 45 detects that the rotational speed has reached the desired rotational speed, the small motor 35 is stopped and the solenoid 38 is activated to lock the gear 33 and fix the rotation of the rotary stator 31.

Note that the rotational position of the rotational stator 31 at the time of startup is set to an arbitrary rotational position corresponding to the startup characteristics of various loads connected to the rotor shaft 4, and the magnetic It goes without saying that mounting any number of sensors 32 may be selected as appropriate.

After adjusting the target rotation position, when the start switch is input and the motor 72 of the blower device 73 is activated to rotate the windmill 71, the wind turbine 71 sucks the outside air into the blower port 6.
8 to the ventilation shell 67, and the outside air is passed to the cooling body 13.
The inside of the ventilation shell 67 is stirred to cool and radiate heat from the non-magnetic core 9 or the conductor 5..., the resistance material "..., etc., and
The air inside the air blower 70 is sucked into the blower Jlii 70 through the air outlet 69 and is exhausted to the outside of the air blower body 70 from the air outlet part 74B.

When operating in a high speed range, l1lrIA12...
The rotor cores 2, 3 and the non-magnetic core 9 are cooled, the conductors 5..., the resistive material r... are subjected to a heat dissipation action, and the exhaust air is discharged as air m39A....

Since it is discharged from each of 39B..., the resistance material "...
The heat generated by ... does not become very high and no heat is stored. However, in the low-to-medium speed rotation range when the speed is changed, the heat generated by the resistance material ``...'' increases rapidly, so the blowing action of the cooling impeller 19, 20 alone has the function of dissipating heat from the resistance material r... However, since it is equipped with a blower device 73 that introduces outside air into the ventilation cylinder 67 to cool and radiate heat from the non-magnetic core 9 and the resistive material ``...'' and exhausts the waste heat from the ventilation cylinder 67. , irrespective of the change in the rotational speed of the electric motor 1, cools and radiates heat from the resistive material "..." to effectively increase electric rotational efficiency, and also heats up the resistive material "r..." and the non-magnetic material involved in the heat generation. The durability of each of the cores 9 can be improved and maintained.

In addition, a blowing bag! ! The exhaust port portion 74B of 73 is communicated with an arbitrary number of ventilation ports 68 provided in the machine frame 14, the outside air is introduced into the ventilation shell 67 by the air blowing from the blower device 73, and the exhaust air is removed from the arbitrary number of ventilation ports 69. It may be configured to do so. In any case, since the outside air is introduced into the ventilation shell 73 from one side of the machine frame 14 and the exhaust air is exhausted from the other side of the machine frame 14, the resistance material r... and the non-magnetic core 9 are cooled. It can have an effective effect on heat dissipation, and can blow air 068. There may be a plurality of exhaust ports 69.

In addition, as shown in FIG.
A refrigerant system W1104 formed by the radiator 103 connected via the radiator 9. Resistance material r...
・Make cooling heat dissipation more effective. Although not shown, the refrigerant device 104 includes a cooler, a condenser, and a refrigerant gas.

The configuration with various other refrigerant devices can be arbitrarily selected and implemented, and as the rotor shaft 4 changes speed from high speed rotation to low speed rotation, the blower device 73
The rotation speed may be controlled toward high speed rotation.
), the blower device 73, and the refrigerant device 104 stop the motor 72 or one of the refrigerant devices 104 when the electric motor 1 is operating at high speed, and save energy while checking the relationship with the electric efficiency of the electric motor 1 based on data. There are cases where priority is given to Note that the blower device 73. Each of the other refrigerant devices 1104 can be arbitrarily selected and implemented by arranging them elsewhere and communicating with the air outlet 68 or the air exhaust port 69 via a duct without directly connecting them to the machine frame 14. It is.

Next, a second embodiment of the rotational position detector will be described with reference to FIG.

An elongated detection plate 46 is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the rotary stator 31, and a plurality of limit switches 47.
47a, .
2), limit switches 47a...47
n is connected to a display 49 which calculates the change in the electrical resistance value inputted with the same output signal and displays the rotational position of the rotational stator 31 in electrical angles.

According to the above configuration 2), when the rotary stator 31 is stationary,
The rotating position of the rotating stator 31 is indicated by the indicator 49 according to the resistance value of the limit switch 47 that is in contact with the detection plate 46.
will be displayed. For example, when only the limit switch 47a comes into contact with the detection plate 46, the rotating position of the rotary stator 31 is displayed as 0° in electrical angle on the display 49, and the following limit switches 47b, 4.7C, 7d, 476
, , are electrical angles of 15°, 30', 45°, 6
It is displayed as 0°... It goes without saying that any number of limit switches 47 can be installed, and that various detection plates can be used. The configuration and operation other than those described above are the same as those of the first embodiment, so details thereof will be omitted.

Next, a third embodiment of the rotational position detector will be described with reference to FIG.

A disk 50 is attached to the side wall surface of the rotating stator 31, and the disk 50
A plurality of detection holes 51 with different diameters are drilled in the frame 14, and a photo sensor 53 is attached to a bracket 52 screwed to the inner circumference of the machine frame 14, and integrated with the rotary stator 31. The photo sensor 53 is formed in the rotation position detector 54 so as to face the detection hole 51 which rotates in relation to the detection hole 51...2), and the photo sensor 53 is connected to a display device 55 provided with a calculation function. It is.

The operation of the above configuration will be explained below.

At the rest position of the rotating stator 31, the photosensor 53
detects the corresponding detection hole 51, the photo sensor 53
The detection signal is calculated on the display 55, and the rotational position of the rotational stator 31, that is, the electrical angle, is displayed.

□If the rotational position of the rotational stator 31 at the start of operation is assumed to be 120'' in electrical angle, the rotational stator 31 is rotated so that the photosensor 53 detects the detection hole 51j and the display 55
When 120° is displayed, the start switch is activated, and the rotary stator 31 is then rotated to control the desired normal rotation speed. The configuration and operation other than those described above are the same as those of the first embodiment, so the details thereof will be omitted.

Next, a fourth embodiment of the rotational position detection device will be described with reference to FIG.

An opening 56 is formed in the lower part of the machine frame 14, and the first stator 24
A worm gear 57 is fixedly attached to one side of the rotary stator 58.
to be formed. A rotating shaft 61 fitted with a worm 60 is attached to a pulse motor 59 mounted on the outer periphery of the machine frame 14, and the worm 60 is screwed onto a worm gear 57 to form a drive device 64. A rotary encoder 62 whose rotating shaft is connected to the rotating shaft 61 is connected to a display 63.
The rotary position detection path 65 is provided with a memory circuit, an arithmetic circuit, and a digital display section.

The effects of the above configuration will be explained below. Display device 63 into which the output signal of rotary encoder 62 is input
, the time when the rotational position of the rotational stator 58 is Oo in electrical angle is memorized, and the rotation of the pulse motor 59 is sequentially changed until the rotational position of the rotational stator 58 reaches 1800 in electrical angle. The rotational position of the rotary stator 58 is calculated into an electrical angle based on the pulse signal detected by the rotary encoder 62, and the difference between the pulse signal of the rotary encoder 62 and the electrical angle of the rotational position of the rotary stator 58 is calculated. Relationships are remembered.

Therefore, when the output value of the rotary encoder 62 is input to the display 63 at the time of starting operation, the calculated value is output to the digital display section to display the rotation position of the rotation stator 58 in electrical angles, and then The pulse motor 59 is operated so that the starting rotation speed corresponds to the starting characteristics of the load on the rotor shaft, the rotary encoder 62 detects the rotation angle of the pulse motor 59, and the output signal is displayed on the display 63.
Check the sequential changes in the electrical angle displayed on the digital display, and when the desired electrical angle is displayed, stop the operation of the pulse motor 59, activate the start switch, and start the pulse motor again. -59 is reversed from the front to control the load connected to the rotor shaft 4 to a desired rotation speed.

This embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the rotary stator 58 and pulse motor 59 are connected to a worm gear 57. Since the rotary stator 58 is connected to the worm 60, the rotary stator 58 can be fixed when the rotary stator 58 stops rotating without installing a separate device.
The rotational position detector 65 of 8 is the rotary encoder 6
2 or the like, the rotational position of the rotational stator 58 can be detected and displayed steplessly, and the activation 613111 can be carried out extremely smoothly. The rotational position detector is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, and for example, a proximity switch, a beam sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, a photoelectric sensor, etc. can be arbitrarily selected, and the rotational position detector is directly or indirectly connected to the rotational stator 31. It can be installed and adopted.

In addition, in the embodiments of each of the rotational position detection devices described above, only the case where the rotational stator 31 is rotatable and formed into a voltage phase shifting device has been described, but both the rotational stator 31 and the second stator 25 may be configured to be rotatable. In this case, the rotation range of both stators 31.25 may be reduced to achieve the electrical angle of 0°.
The rotating stator 31 can be controlled by a small motor or a pulse motor as a drive device.
The present invention is not limited to the above, and various types of rotation mechanisms such as air cylinders, hydraulic cylinders, electromagnets, etc. can be used.

Next, an embodiment of automatic control of a variable speed induction motor will be described with reference to the block diagram shown in FIG. 13 (2).

(See FIGS. 1 and 2) Input/output control circuit 76, control circuit 77, arithmetic circuit 78. A speed detector 44 such as a tough generator, which is equipped with a speed indicator 45 attached to the rotor shaft 4 and detects the rotational position of the rotational stator 31, is provided on the input side of the control device 75, which includes a storage circuit 79 and the like. Rotation position detector 42
, a temperature detector 80 attached to a suitable position on the ventilation barrel 67, a keyboard 81 equipped with a start switch 82 and a display.
A small motor 35 is connected to the output side of the control device 75.
．． The conductor 5..., the motor 72 of the blower device 73 for cooling and dissipating heat from the resistor material, etc., and the solenoid 38 are connected (2), and the memory circuit 79 of the control device 75 is connected from the keyboard 81.
The following control values are input. That is, the amount of rotation of the rotary stator 31 corresponding to the phase angle of 0° to 180° and the rotation angle of the rotary stator 31 (06 to 180° in electrical angle)
, the speed control value that controls the rotation speed of the motor 72 with respect to the rotation angle of the rotation stator 31, and the relationship between the rotation position detector 42 that detects the Several kinds of starting setting values that match the starting characteristics and a reference temperature setting value that controls the motor 72 to increase or decrease with respect to the temperature detected by the temperature detector 80 are input.

When the operation preparation key is input from the keyboard 81 at the start of operation, the rotation position detector 42 detects the current rotation position of the rotation stator 31 and displays it on the display, and the load connected to the rotor shaft 4 is detected. When an arbitrary startup setting value that matches the startup characteristics of the controller 75 is input from the keyboard 81, the
Solenoid 3 receives a signal output from memory circuit 79 of
8 to unlock the gear 33 fitted to the rotary stator 31, and also activate the small motor 35 to rotate the rotary stator 31. When the desired starting rotation position is reached, the small motor 35 automatically stops.

When readiness for operation is displayed on the display, the speed control value of the rotor shaft 4 is input to the control device 75 from the keyboard 81, and the amount of rotation of the rotary stator 31 is calculated to obtain the input speed control value. Ru. When the start switch 82 is started and an input signal is sent to the control device 75, the control bag r11
In response to the output signal of 75, the small motor 35 is operated to control the speed of the rotor shaft 4, and the detected value of the speed detector 44 attached to the rotor shaft 4 is compared with the detected speed value and the speed control value. If there is a difference in speed, the control device 75 outputs an output to the small motor 35 to correct the rotation speed.

In addition, other speed change control methods during driving include:
When a desired shift value is input from the keyboard 81 to the control device 75, the current rotating stator 31 stored in the storage circuit 79 is
The calculation circuit 58 calculates whether the input speed control value of the rotor shaft 4 is to be made slower or faster than the current speed control value for the rotational position of
Based on the calculated value, the small motor 3 of the drive bag ff29
5 to forward or reverse rotation, rotating stator 3
When the speed change value detected by the speed detector 44 and inputted to the control device 75 reaches the desired speed change value set in the control device 75, an output signal from the control device 75 causes the small size to change. 2) This is a method of stopping the operation of the motor 35, and this method has the advantage that the variable rotational speed of the rotor shaft 4 to which the load is connected can be accurately controlled. The rotational speed of the motor 72 in a movement in which the rotational amount is rotated within the range of θ° to 180° with respect to the rotational amount calculation value of the rotating stator 31 is stored so that it changes from low rotation to high rotation. Since it is set in the circuit 79, when the rotor shaft 4 is controlled to rotate at a high speed by the speed control value output from the control circuit 77, the motor 72 is controlled to rotate at a low speed, and the rotor shaft 4 is controlled to rotate at a low speed. At times, the motor 72 is controlled to rotate at high speed.

When the temperature detection value of the temperature detector 80 communicated with the control device 75 becomes higher than the reference setting value set in the memory circuit 79, the motor 7 is activated by a signal output from the control bag [75].
2 is corrected, and the ventilation action within the ventilation cylinder 67 is increased to restore the normal function of cooling and radiating heat from the non-magnetic cores 9 . . . , the resistive material r . . . . In addition, the rotating stator 31
The motor of the air blower 73 is controlled by the output signal from the control device so that the detected value of the temperature detector 80 becomes the reference temperature setting value, regardless of the speed control value that controls the motor 35 that rotates the motor 35 to rotate forward or backward. The rotational speed of 72 may be controlled to increase or decrease, or to be turned ON or OFF. During the above operation, a new rotation speed value was input from the keyboard 81.
), or if the speed control value is directly input from the control panel connected to the load into the control device 75 via the keyboard 81, the rotation position detector 42 detects the rotation position of the rotation stator 31. Based on the communicated current position of the rotary stator 31, the small motor 35 is operated to a desired speed value to control the speed change to the target rotational speed of the rotor shaft 4.

Note that as the rotational position detection device connected to the control device 75, any one of the rotational position detection devices 148, 54, and 65 may be adopted and connected in place of the rotational position detection device 42, and the rotational stator 31 is replaced with a small motor 35 that rotates, a pulse motor 59 or an air cylinder,
A blower device 73 can be selected from various rotation mechanisms such as a hydraulic cylinder, an electromagnet, etc., and is further equipped with a motor 72.
Instead, various refrigerant devices 104 may be selected and connected.

Furthermore, the variable speed MAN motor of the present application can also be used as an induction generator 2). The speed machine can also be omitted. In addition, when an internal combustion engine is connected as a prime mover, it can correspond to the rotational speed that achieves the minimum fuel consumption of the internal combustion engine, and even when the power from feng shui as an energy source is weak and unstable, the rotational speed can produce its maximum output. In hydroelectric power generation, power can be generated efficiently according to the flow velocity, and complicated and expensive variable pitch devices or phase adjusters can be omitted. You can do it better.

What is shown in FIG. 14 is a case in which each of the plurality of conductors 5 installed in each of the rotor cores 2 and 3 rotates in the space between the rotor cores 2 and 3 or in the 9 parts of the non-magnetic core. This is an embodiment in which a high resistance layer 116 fitted into the child shaft 4 is short-circuited by a resistance material r serving as a connecting member. Resistance material r・
. . . can obtain the appropriate effect even if they are not connected to all of the conductors 5 .

In addition, the cooling body 13 is attached to the non-magnetic core 9 by the cooling blade vehicle body 13.
A, directly attaching the cooling blade vehicle body 13A to the rotor shaft 4, and forming a non-magnetic core 9 by surrounding the conductor ``...'' with a heat-resistant material such as asbestos or ceramic material. Sometimes I do.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, according to the present invention, at least one stator among the plurality of stators is formed into a rotatable rotary stator, and the rotary stator is rotated to an arbitrary position. Since the drive device and the rotation position detector for detecting the rotation position of the rotation stator are installed directly or indirectly in relation to the rotation stator, when the motor is started up, In,
The rotational position of the rotational stator is detected by the rotational position detector, and the rotational stator is rotated by the drive device according to the starting characteristics of the load connected to the rotor shaft to achieve any desired starting rotational speed. The rotating position of the rotating stator is set, and then the electric motor is started, and the speed is continuously changed to the desired normal rotation speed, so that the electric motor can be started efficiently and smoothly. In addition, the starting device can be made smaller and the equipment cost can be reduced, and the device can be operated extremely easily.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 14 are illustrations of embodiments of the present application. Fig. 1 is a side sectional view of the induction motor, Fig. 2 is a side view showing the rotation mechanism of the rotating stator, and Fig. 3 is a wiring diagram in which the windings wound around both stators are connected in series. , Figure 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between rotor slip and active power, Figure 5 is an electrical equivalent circuit diagram of the rotor, Figure 6 is an electrical equivalent circuit diagram seen from the stator side, and Figure 7 is a diagram showing the electrical equivalent circuit diagram of the rotor. Figure 8 shows the relationship between speed and torque when multiple conductors are short-circuited using a resistive material and the windings wound around the stator are connected in series. Figure 8 shows the relationship between the windings of the stator in parallel. Fig. 9 is a side view of the radiator connected to the ventilation barrel, and Fig. 10 shows the second embodiment in which the rotational position detector is formed by a limit switch. Cross-sectional view shown, 1st
Fig. 1 shows a third embodiment in which the rotational position detector is formed by a photo sensor, and Fig. 12 shows a fourth embodiment in which the rotational position detector is formed by a rotary encoder having memory and calculation functions.
FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing the configuration of automatic control (2), and FIG. 14 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a resistive material connected to a plurality of conductors. 1... Induction motor 2.3... Rotor core 4
... Rotor shaft 5 ... Conductor 6.7 ... Short circuit ring 8,8A-8C ... Rotor 9 ... Non-magnetic core 10.11 ... Side part 12 ... Ventilation barrel
13... Cooling effect body 13A... Cooling blade body
14...Axle 15.16...Bearing! 1 17...
Connecting rod 18... Nut 19.20... Cooling impeller 21... Bearing 22.23...
Winding 25...Second stator 26...Sliding shaft 2
7... Fixed ring 28... Stop ring 2
9... Drive device 30... Rotating mechanism 31...
・Rotating stator 32...Magnetic sensor 33...
Gears 34. 34a to 34g...Magnetic detector 35...Small motor 36...Drive gear 37...Opening
38...Solenoid 39...Exhaust hole
40... Ventilation hole 41... Non-magnetic plate 42
...Rotation position detector 43...Display device 44
...Speed detector 45...Speed indicator 46...
・Detection plate 47.47a to 47n...Limit switch 48...Rotation position detector 49...Indicator 50...
・Circle 1 51.51a ~ 51n...Detection hole 52
...Bracket 53...Photo sensor 54.
... Rotation position detection 55 ... Display 56 ... Opening 57 ... Worm gear 58 ... Rotation stator 59 ... Pulse motor 60 ... Worm 61 ... Rotation shaft 62... Rotary encoder 63... Display device 64... Drive device 65.
... Rotation position detector 66 ... Space 67 ... Ventilation barrel 68 ... Ventilation port 69 ... Ventilation port
70...Blower cylinder 71...Windmill 72
...Motor 73...Blower device 74A...
- Air intake port 74B...Exhaust port 75...Control device 76...Input/output circuit 77...Control circuit 7
8... Arithmetic circuit 79... Memory circuit 80...
-Temperature detector 81...Keyboard 82...Start switch 100-...Voltage phase shifter 101...Water tank 102-
...Pump 103...Radiator 104...
・Refrigerant device

Claims (7)

[Claims] (1) A plurality of conductors installed in each of a plurality of rotor cores fixed to a rotating shaft at arbitrary intervals are connected to each other to form an integral rotor, and the The plurality of conductors are short-circuited and connected by a resistive material in the space formed between the child cores or in the non-magnetic material part, and a plurality of stators are arranged facing each other concentrically with the plurality of rotor cores and on the outer periphery thereof. and at least one of the plurality of stators
In an electric motor in which a plurality of stators are formed into a rotatable stator, the rotary stator is configured to rotate to a desired position, and the rotary stator is configured to rotate to a desired position. A control device for a variable speed induction motor, characterized in that each of the position detectors is mounted directly or indirectly in relation to the rotary stator. (2) A control device for a variable speed induction motor according to claim (1), wherein the rotational position detector is formed of a single or arbitrary plurality of magnetic sensors. (3) Claim No. 1 in which the rotational position detector is formed by a single or arbitrary plurality of limit switches.
) A control device for a variable speed induction motor according to item 2. (4) A control device for a variable speed induction motor according to claim (1), wherein the rotational position detector is formed of a single or arbitrary plurality of photosensors. (5) A control device for a variable speed induction motor according to claim (1), wherein the rotational position detector is formed by a rotary encoder. (6) Claims (1) to (5) in which the rotational position detector and the drive device are connected via a control device.
) A control device for a variable speed induction motor according to any one of the above items. (7) Claim (1) wherein a speed detector for detecting the rotational speed of the rotor shaft is disposed at an appropriate location, and the speed detector and the drive device are connected via the control device. A control device for a variable speed induction motor according to any one of items (6) to (6).