JP2516383B2 - Variable speed induction motor - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a variable speed induction motor having good torque characteristics and efficiency and easy speed control.

[Conventional technology and its problems]

One of the methods for controlling the speed of the induction motor is to change the power supply frequency. While this method allows continuous and wide-range speed control, it requires an expensive frequency converter, and in the process of converting alternating current to direct current and then alternating current with the frequency converter, harmonics and radio waves are generally generated. This may cause malfunctions of computers and other various electric control devices, or failures such as overheating of capacitors. Among them, measures against harmonic interference can be taken by installing a filter, but installation of the filter is costly.
The method of changing the power supply frequency also has a drawback that performance is generally insufficient at low speed.

There is also a method of controlling the speed by switching the number of poles of the electric motor during operation, but this method allows the speed to be changed stepwise by converting the number of poles, but it is possible to perform arbitrary speed control over a wide range. There is a drawback that cannot be done.

Yet another method of controlling the speed by changing the voltage of the power supply has a drawback that the speed is continuously controlled, but the efficiency is deteriorated particularly in a low speed region.

In the winding type motor, there is a method of changing the slip by changing the secondary resistance to control the speed. While this method allows continuous speed control relatively easily, it requires maintenance due to wear of the brush, because resistance is externally inserted into the rotor winding circuit via the brush and slip ring. To do. The squirrel cage induction motor cannot control the speed by changing the secondary resistance.

Techniques for dealing with the above problems include, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No.
-29005 gazette. This is composed of two sets of stators each having two independent stator cores facing the two sets of rotor cores, and a common set across the two sets of rotor cores, and short-circuit rings at both ends. And a high-resistor that short-circuits the cage-shaped conductors at the central portion of the cage-shaped conductors between the two sets of rotor cores. This is a twin-screw cage squirrel-cage motor characterized by shifting the phases of the wires by 180 ° and supplying power by matching the phases during operation after starting. This motor starts the phase between the stator windings at start-up.
By shifting by 180 °, the starting torque is increased to improve the starting characteristics, and during operation, the phases of the fixed windings are matched to each other, and it is possible to operate with normal torque characteristics. Therefore, even though the effect of improving the starting characteristics is recognized in this electric motor, it is not suitable as a power source for a load that requires gear shifting because the purpose is not to provide a variable speed electric motor.

In the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 54-29005, the connection of both stator windings to the power supply circuit is temporarily connected for the purpose of alleviating the shock caused by the abrupt change in torque accompanying the transition from start to steady operation. It has been described as an example to provide an intermediate step in which is connected in series, but what can be done in this way is that only the phase shift of the rotating magnetic field can be limited to 0 ° and 180 °, and the shift control can be performed. It doesn't mean that. In addition, since the voltage applied to each stator is halved by switching to series connection, the torque is reduced to 1/4, and in combination with this, transmission control becomes completely impossible. It is also clear that the disclosed subject matter is not intended for shifting.

In short, in the description in JP-A-54-29005, "Intermediate step of switching the stator winding between the series connection and the parallel connection with respect to the power feeding circuit", this series connection is intended for speed change. Not.

Further, the technique proposed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 49-86807 is an asynchronous electric motor having a squirrel cage rotor and a stator having multi-phase windings, which includes a conductive bar, a short circuit end ring and a strong magnetic field. In a stack, the stator consists of first and second winding sections which are coaxially arranged next to each other and to different parts of the rotor and which supply alternating current of the same frequency. An asynchronous electric motor, characterized in that it is provided with means for varying the electromotive force induced in the windings of the rotor by the second winding section, which is mechanical or electric. 2
Although it is possible to change the rotation speed by providing a phase difference between the stator sections, the torque is small except when the phase angle between the two stator sections is the same,
It has a defect that the operation stops immediately when a load is applied, which is completely unusable for practical use, and when the load is connected,
It has not solved a serious problem that it cannot be operated as a power source for frequently repeating start / stop.

[Object of the Invention]

The present invention solves the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, and
54-29005 and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 49-86807 disclose a unique torque characteristic that cannot be achieved by the sum of the techniques disclosed in JP-A-49-86807, and the speed control range is wide and the speed control is stepless. It can be set to a desired speed and can be started with any torque, and it appears by applying a rated current almost equivalent to the maximum rotation speed point over a wide range of speed range from the starting point to the maximum rotation speed. A variable speed induction motor having excellent torque characteristics and efficiency.

The variable speed induction motor of the present invention is used by being connected to a single-phase or three-phase power source or the like.

[Means for solving problems]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned technical object, there are two rotor cores axially attached to the same rotary shaft with a space or a non-magnetic member interposed, and a plurality of rotor cores connected to the two rotor cores are provided. Conductors are provided, and the plurality of conductors are divided into two groups, a first conductor group and a second conductor group, which are alternately arranged on the rotor core. The second rotor is provided between two rotor cores.
A squirrel-cage rotor, which is deviated to an angle different from that of the conductor group and in which a plurality of conductors of the first conductor group are resistance short-circuited with a connecting material, and two rotor cores facing each other are provided. Two stators, which are formed by surrounding a stator core, windings wound around each of the two stator cores and connected in series, and one of the two stators are The rotating magnetic field generated around the rotor facing the rotor and the rotating magnetic field generated around the rotor facing the other stator, the voltage phase shifter having a voltage phase shifter. The phase shifter shifts the phase difference of the second conductor group between 0 ° and 180 °, and the phase shift of the first conductor group is changed by the voltage phase shifter when the phase difference is 0 °. Phase difference θ due to declination of the first conductor group
And a phase difference of 0 ° between the first conductor group and another large phase difference.

In addition, at least one of the stators is configured so that the voltage phase shifter can set the phase of the voltage applied between the two stators to an arbitrary phase difference within the range of 0 ° to 180 °. Rotatably and concentrically formed with the rotor, wherein the voltage phase shifter is at least one of the two stators.
A phase change switch connected to each stator winding, or the voltage phase shift device is formed by a single-phase transformer and a connection change switch, or the voltage phase shift device is an induction voltage regulator. By the above, the above-mentioned means can be effectively operated.

Furthermore, each of the two stators is provided with a winding for forming a plurality of types of poles, and a pole number changeover switch is connected to the terminals of the windings, or each winding of the two stators is connected. By providing a switch that can be switched to either delta connection or star connection, it can be effectively utilized in a wide range.

[Operation] In the speed-change induction motor according to the present invention, the windings wound around each of the two stators are connected to the power supply in series with each other,
By any means, between a rotating magnetic field generated around the rotor facing one of the two stators and a rotating magnetic field generated around the rotor facing the other stator, A phase difference is generated, that is, a voltage induced in a rotor conductor facing it by a rotating magnetic field of one stator and a voltage induced in a rotor conductor facing it by a rotating magnetic field of another stator. By controlling the increase / decrease of the combined voltage, the rotation speed of the rotor can be arbitrarily changed, and a large torque can be stably obtained.

By the way, a structure in which the respective windings wound around two stators are connected in series and two rotor cores are connected to each other
A plurality of conductors of a set are provided on the outer circumference of the rotor core to form a first conductor group and a second conductor group, and the first conductor group of the two sets is a space between the rotor cores or a non-magnetic body portion, The skew is formed by forming an integral squirrel-cage rotor in which a plurality of conductors of the first conductor group are resistance short-circuited to each other by a connecting material, while being skewed to an angle different from that of the second conductor group. The operation of the first conductor group skewed between the rotor cores causes the phase difference between the voltages induced in the two rotor core portions and the skew-free first conductor group that communicates with the two rotor cores. The phase difference between the voltages induced in the two rotor core portions of the two conductor groups differs from the phase difference by the deviation angle (skew). The torque characteristic due to the conductor group and the torque characteristic due to the second conductor group are different. It has become characteristic. Therefore, in the operation of the electric motor, since the torque characteristic is a combination of the torque characteristics of the skewed conductor and the torque characteristic of the non-skewed conductor, an excellent variable speed induction motor different from the torque characteristics of the variable speed induction motor described in the prior art is used. It was possible to obtain it.

The operation of the connecting member will be further described from the configuration of the rotor. In the first conductor group which is skewed and resistance short-circuited by the connecting member, each rotor is based on the voltage induced in the rotor conductor portion corresponding to each stator. The action of forcing the currents flowing through the conductors to be equal and the vector difference current due to the phase difference between the rotating magnetic fields of the two stators short-circuit the rotor conductors. The action of creating a compulsory force that inevitably flows through the connecting material is created.
On the other hand, a current flows in the second conductor group not via the connecting member in inverse proportion to the phase difference between the rotating magnetic fields of the two stators. That is, when the phase difference is 180 °, theoretically no current is generated.

Due to the synergistic effect of the first conductor group that is skewed and resistance short-circuited by the connecting material, and the second conductor group that does not interpose the connecting material,
When the phase difference θ between the rotating magnetic fields by the two stators is changed, the torque characteristics of the skewed conductor and the unskewed conductor are changed, and further, the first conductor group having the connecting member and the connecting member having no connecting member are changed. The respective torque characteristics of the second conductor group change, and the combined torque characteristics obtained by combining the respective torque characteristics can be reliably controlled by the phase difference θ. That is, by changing the phase difference θ, the ratio of the current flowing in the rotor conductor through the coupling material and the current flowing in the coupling material, regardless of the slip, and the current flowing in the rotor conductor not through the coupling material Can be controlled. As a result, by manipulating the phase difference θ, the torque is set to an arbitrary magnitude by the action of the connecting member of the first conductor group having the connecting member among the two conductor groups, and the torque is surely applied. be able to. Further, in the second conductor group not provided with the connecting member, each time the phase difference becomes smaller, that is, the phase difference becomes smaller and the current flowing through the rotor conductor increases as the operation or the high speed rotation starts, which affects the rotation torque. Therefore, due to the interaction of the torque characteristics of the first conductor group and the second conductor group in which the resistance material is skewed and provided, a large torque is stably obtained not only at the time of start-up but also over the entire range from low-speed rotation to high-speed rotation. The efficiency can be improved by doing so.

Summarizing the above operation, the present invention shifts the phase difference of the second conductor group between 0 ° and 180 ° by the voltage phase shift device, and
The phase difference θ due to the declination of the first conductor group when the phase difference by the voltage phase shifter is 0 ° is shifted to another large phase difference via the phase difference 0 °. Therefore, when the voltage phase shifter shifts the phase difference from 0 ° to the phase difference θ, the second conductor group changes from the phase difference 0 ° to the phase difference θ,
The first conductor group changes from the phase difference θ to the phase difference 0 °. Furthermore, the voltage phase shifter allows a phase difference of 180 ° from phase difference θ.
Phase shift from the phase difference θ to 180 °
To the phase difference (180 degrees).
−θ) °.

It is clear that the torque generated by each phase difference is the combined torque of the first conductor group and the second conductor group, and the torque characteristic of the first conductor group is that the torque is higher on the slip side by the deviation angle θ with respect to the slip. The characteristics act so that the torque characteristics of the first conductor group and the torque characteristics of the second conductor group are combined to capture the torques. That is, the first conductor group has a torque characteristic in which the resistance material is short-circuited and connected, and the second conductor group has a torque characteristic that increases as the phase difference approaches 0 °. Conductor group and second
When the torque characteristics of the conductor groups are combined, the torque may tend to decrease at the same current value within a certain phase shift range, or the torque may tend to decrease even when the phase difference is 0 °. In such a case, by deviating the plurality of conductors of the first conductor group between the rotor cores and by performing the phase shift as described above, the phase difference due to the voltage phase shifter and the different phase difference due to the declination are generated. Since the torque characteristics can be combined, it is possible to improve the torque characteristics by finding and skewing the declination at which the torque does not decrease.
A variable speed induction motor having a constant torque characteristic over a wide range can be provided.

〔Example〕

 An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
In FIGS. 1 and 4, reference numeral 1 is an induction motor according to the present invention, and the induction motor 1 has the following configuration. The rotor cores 2 and 3 made of a magnetic material are mounted on the rotor shaft 4 at arbitrary intervals, and the nonmagnetic core 9 is interposed between the rotor cores 2 and 3. The rotor core 2 parallel to the rotor shaft 4,
The first rotor group 5A of a plurality of conductors and the second conductor group 5B of a plurality of conductors installed in communication with the third rotor 3 form an integral rotor 8. Further, the first conductor group 5A ... Installed on the rotor 8 is skewed at an arbitrary angle in the non-magnetic core 9 portion between the rotor cores 2 and 3, and at the same time, the first conductor group 5A ... 7, that is, via a resistance material r ... Made of nichrome wire, carbon mixed steel, conductive ceramics, or the like.

Both ends of the communicating first and second plural sets of conductors 5 are short-circuited by the short-circuit rings 6, 6. Further, the rotor cores 2, 3 and the non-magnetic core 9 are provided with a plurality of ventilation cylinders 12 ... Which communicate with both side portions 10, 11 of the rotor 8, and the ventilation cylinders 12 ...
A plurality of ventilation holes 13 ... Are bored toward the outer peripheral portion of the (FIG. 2).

As is apparent from FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, bearing discs 15 and 16 are integrally assembled to both sides of the cylindrical machine frame 14 by tightening nuts 18 to connecting rods 17 ... To be Cooling impellers 19 and 20 are mounted on both sides of the rotor 8 and the rotor shaft 4
Both ends of the bearing are supported by bearings 21,21 fitted in bearing discs 15,16,
The rotor 4 is rotatable.

First stator 24 and second stator 2 with rotor windings 22 and 23
The reference numeral 5 is provided in parallel with the machine frame 14 on the outer side facing the rotor cores 2 and 3. Slide bearings 26, 27 are installed between the machine frame 14 and the first stator 24, the second stator 25, and the slide bearings 26, 27 are installed in the machine frame.
Fix it with the stop ring 28 ... As is clear from FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the first stator
Gears 33A and 33B are fitted to the outer peripheral surface of one side of 24 and the second stator 25. A pulse motor 35 is mounted on the outer peripheral portion of the machine frame 14, and a first drive gear 36 and a relay gear 34, which are integrally formed, are fixed to the drive shaft of the pulse motor 35. A bearing stand 32, which rotatably supports a relay shaft 29 having a relay gear 30 and a second drive gear 31, is mounted on the outer side of the machine frame 14. The first drive gear 36 and the second drive gear 31 are the openings 3 provided in the machine frame 14.
Gears 33A fitted to the first stator 24 and gears 33B fitted to the second stator 25 facing the inside of the machine frame 14 from 7,37.
Mesh with each other. By configuring in this way,
The first stator 24 and the second stator 25 rotate concentrically with the rotor 8 by the operation of the pulse motor 35. First stator 24
And the second stator 25 are rotated to cause a voltage phase shift device.
38 are composed. Reference numeral 39 is an air exhaust hole formed in the outer peripheral portion of the machine frame 14, and 40 is a ventilation hole formed in the bearing discs 15, 16.

Next, the connection of the windings 22 and 23 wound around the first stator 24 and the second stator 25 to the three-phase power source will be described with reference to FIGS. The one shown in FIG. 5 is the second stator 24, 25.
The windings 22 and 23 applied to each of these are connected in a star configuration and connected in series to a power source. That is, the first stator 24
The terminals A, B, and C of the winding 22 of are connected to the commercial three-phase power supplies A, B, and C, and the terminals a, b, and c of the winding 22 are connected to the terminals A, B, and C of the winding 23 of the second stator 25. The terminals a, b, c of the winding wire 23 are short-circuited and connected to B and C.

In addition, FIG. 6 shows the winding 2 of the first and second stators 24 and 25.
It is a system in which 2,23 are connected in series and delta-connected to the power supply.

The operation of the above-described configuration in which the stator winding is connected to the power supply in series will be described below.

When electric power is supplied to the winding wire 22 of the first stator 24 from a commercial three-phase power source, a rotating magnetic field is generated in the stators 24 and 25, and a current flows through the conductors 5 of the rotor 8 based on the rotating magnetic field to rotate. Child 8
Rotates. When the rotation amount of the second stator 25 with respect to the first stator 24 is set to zero, the rotating magnetic fields generated in the respective stators 24 and 25 have no phase shift, but
Since the conductor group 5A is skewed between the rotor cores 2 and 3 by the angle θ ₁ , the phase difference is 2θ _{1 in} terms of electrical phase angle in the case of four poles. An electric current flows through the resistance material r ... Which is a connection material.

Next, the pulse motor 35 is operated to rotate each of the first stator 24 and the second stator 25 to rotate in the related direction by the angle at which the first conductor group 5A is skewed to the related position. When fixed, since there is no phase difference on the same conductor of the first conductor group 5A, the resistance material r which is the connecting material 7 provided between the rotor cores 2 and 3
No current flows through. Next, the pulse motor 35 is operated to rotate the first stator 24 and the second stator 25, respectively, and rotate them to a position where the electrical phase angle of the first conductor group 5A of the rotor 8 is θ. The first conductor group 5A ... When moved will be described. The phases of the voltages ₁ and ₂ induced in the first conductor group 5A of the rotor 8 by the first stator 24 and the second stator 25 are shifted by θ. Now, the rotor 8 by the second stator 25
With reference to the voltage ₂ induced in the first conductor group 5A, the voltage is set as ₂ = SE. Where S is slip and E is slip 1
Is the induced voltage at. At this time, the voltage ₁ induced in the conductor 5 by the first stator 24 is ₁ = SEε ^jθ .

The resistances from the short-circuit rings 6 and 6 of the first conductor group 5A to the connecting member 7 are R ₁ and R ₂ , the inductances are L ₁ and L ₂ , the angular frequency of the power source is ω, and the first stator 24 is First of the second stator 25
If the electrical phase difference θ with respect to the conductor group 5A and the resistance of the resistance material that short-circuits each of the first conductor groups 5A are r, then the rotor 8
The electrical equivalent circuit of is as shown in FIG. Codes I ₁ , I ₂ ,
I ₃ indicates the current flowing through each branch.

When the equivalent circuit shown in FIG. 7 is converted into an equivalent circuit viewed from both stators 24 and 25, it becomes as shown in FIG. R ₁ = R ₂ , L ₁ =
When θ = 0 ° at L ₂ , I ₃ = I ₁ −I ₂ = 0 and the resistance material r
No current will flow through it. This means that θ = 0 °
When, it means that the torque T is equal to the value without r. Therefore, when θ = 0 °, it has the same torque characteristics as the conventional induction motor.

Next, when R ₁ = R ₂ and L ₁ = L ₂ and θ = 180 °, I ₁ =
−I ₂ , I ₃ = I ₁ −I ₂ = 2I ₁ , and the resistance of the rotor conductor is R ₁
If + R ₂ = R, the total resistance of the rotor conductor is the same as that of R + 2r.

In the case shown in FIG. 9, when the stator windings are connected in series to the power supply, the resistance material r ... As the connecting material 7 for short-circuiting the conductors 5 ... Further, it shows the relationship between the slip S and the torque T of the rotor 8 when the second conductor group 5B is not skewed alone. When the voltage phase is θ = 0 °, the torque becomes maximum,
When 0 ° <θ <180 °, it becomes smaller than that. Here, if the resistances and inductances of the second conductors 5B ... Are R and L and the angular velocity of the power source is ω, the maximum value of the torque appears when S = (R / ωL).

Next, the operation of connecting the windings 22, 23 wound around the first stator 24 and the second stator 25, respectively, in series will be described.

Since the windings 22 and 23 are connected in series, if electric power is supplied to the winding 22 from a commercial three-phase power source, the difference in resistance between the windings 22 and 23 or the capacity of both stators 24 and 25 will be assumed. Despite the difference in the magnitudes of the currents, the magnitudes of the currents flowing through the respective windings 22 and 23 are the same regardless of the difference. Therefore, in the case of the first conductor group 5A ... Via the connecting member 7, the first conductor group 5A of the rotor 8 facing the respective stators due to the rotating magnetic fields of the first stator 24 and the second stator 25. The absolute values of the currents induced and flow are equal. Due to this action and the rotational difference between the first stator 24 and the second stator 25 forming the voltage phase shifter 38, that is, the vector difference current based on the phase difference between the rotating magnetic fields of both stators 24, 25, The synergistic effect with the action of forcing that each of the first conductor groups 5A ... Inevitably flows through the resistance material r ... As the connecting material 7 causes the slip and torque characteristics shown in FIG. As described above, the efficiency can be improved, and a large drive torque can be generated in each shift region. As described above, the shift of the rotor 8 can be arbitrarily performed by controlling the phase shift by the voltage phase shifter 38.

When the windings 22 and 23 are connected in series, the first stator 2
4 against the magnitude of the current flowing in the first conductor group 5A of the rotor 8 by the rotating magnetic field of the second stator 25
The ratio of the current flowing through the resistance materials r ... Provided between the conductor groups 5A ... Is determined by the value of the phase angle θ regardless of the resistance value of the resistance materials r ... and the slip S. (The above ratio is maximum at θ = π and zero at θ = 0. If θ is constant, the same slip and torque characteristics as when the secondary insertion resistance of a general wire wound induction motor is constant are obtained. When θ becomes small, the ratio of the current flowing through the resistance material r forming the connecting material becomes small, and making θ small has the same effect as making the secondary insertion resistance of a general wire wound induction motor small. Will be things.

Further, the first conductor group 5A ... Is between the rotor cores 2 and 3, that is, the first conductor group 5A.
Since the stator 24 and the second stator 25 are connected in a skewed manner, a phase difference occurs between the rotor cores 2 and 3 even if there is no phase difference between the stators relative to the skew angle. There is. That is, for example, if the skew angle has a phase difference of 30 °, the phase difference of the first conductor group 5A is 30 ° when the stator is not rotated. Then, if the stator is rotated by 30 ° in the direction in which the phase difference of the first conductor group 5A disappears, the phase difference of the first conductor group 5A goes from −30 ° to 0 ° and the stator is further rotated by 60 °, 90 °. When it is rotated by 0 °, the phase difference of the first conductor group 5A changes to 30 ° and 60 °.

FIG. 9 shows torque and slip due to the second conductor group 5B ... When the stator winding is connected in series to the power source, and FIG.
When the stator windings are arranged in the same series, the first conductor group 5A in which a plurality of conductors are short-circuited with a resistance material between the rotor cores ...
FIG. 6 is a torque characteristic diagram showing torque and slip due to. The alternate long and short dash line in FIG. 10 shows the relationship between torque and slip for the same current value. In Fig. 10, the phase difference θ
However, in the range of 30 ° to 60 °, the torque decreases at the same current value, and the slip becomes larger than that of a general induction motor even when the phase difference θ is 0 ° C. Further, in FIG. 9, the output decreases substantially proportionally as the phase difference increases, but the combined torque characteristic of the torque characteristic of the first conductor group 5A and the torque characteristic of the second conductor group 5B of the present invention, By the phase shift of the voltage phase shifter, the torque characteristic shown in Fig. 12 could be obtained. In this FIG. 12, two sets of a plurality of conductors are provided, the first conductors 5A ... Skew between the stator 24 and the stator 25, and are short-circuited via the connecting member, so that the second conductor 5A. 5B
Shows the relationship between torque and slip when a straight line is used and no connecting material is interposed.

According to this, the multiple conductors 5 are affected by the respective reactances, and the second conductors 5B acting on the low slip side are ...
Due to the synergistic effect of the first conductor 5A, which operates on the high-slip side, a high torque is obtained with the same current shown by the dashed line in the figure, and a large torque is exerted not only at start-up but also at low-speed rotation to high-speed rotation. Can be obtained in a stable manner, which also improves efficiency.

In contrast to the above, the windings 22, 2 of the first stator 24 and the second stator 25
When each of the three is connected in parallel to a commercial three-phase power source, the voltages input to the windings 22 and 23 of the first stator 24 and the second stator 25 are equal, and the rotating magnetic fields of both stators 24 and 25 are the same. The voltages induced in the conductors 5 of the rotor 8 are equal, and the phases of the voltages differ by θ.
The current flowing through the resistance material r that forms the connecting member 7 between the conductor groups 5A is (1/2) × (the differential voltage induced in the rotor conductor from each of the first and second stators 24 and 25). ) ÷ (resistance value of resistance material r ...) However, in addition to the current flowing through the resistance material r ... In the first conductors 5A of the rotor 8, (the sum voltage induced in the rotor conductors of the first and second stators) ÷
A current that is almost proportional to (impedance of the rotor conductor) is superimposed and flows. In the above sum voltage, θ = π is zero and θ =
It becomes maximum at 0, and the impedance of the rotor conductor depends on the slip because it consists of the resistance of the conductor and the reactance of secondary leakage. Therefore, the ratio of the current flowing through the first conductors 5A ... Of the rotor 8 to the current flowing through the resistance materials r ... varies depending on the slip and the resistance value even if θ is constant. The slip and torque characteristics when θ is constant are
The characteristics when the secondary insertion resistance of a general wire wound induction motor is constant and the characteristics when the primary voltage of a general induction motor is controlled are mixed, that is, the characteristics shown in FIG. Become. This characteristic is that the first and second stators 24 and 25
The speed control range becomes narrow in a specific reaction torque range with respect to the characteristic when the windings 22 and 23 are connected in series.

Next, referring to FIG. 12, the first stator 24 and the second stator 25
The connection of the windings formed on each of the plurality of types of poles will be described.

The first stator 24 is provided with double windings 41A and 41B, and the second stator 25 is also provided with double windings 42A and 42B. Each of the windings 41A and 42A is for 4 poles and 8 poles. Terminals U ₂ , V ₂ , W ₂ and U ₄ ,
V ₄ and W ₄ are provided, and each of windings 41B and 42B has 6 poles and 12 poles.
The pole terminals U ₁ , V ₁ , W ₁ and U ₃ , V ₃ , W ₃ are provided. The winding 41A of the first stator 24 and the winding 42A of the second stator 25 are connected in series, and the winding 41B and the winding 41B of both the stators 24 and 25 are similarly connected.
42B is connected in series. In more detail,
The terminals U ₄ , V ₄ , W ₄ of the winding 41A of the first stator 24 are connected via the pole number changeover switch S _2, and the terminals U ₃ , V ₃ , W ₃ of the winding 41B are changed over by the pole number changeover switch S ₃ Each of them is connected to a commercial three-phase power supply via the terminals of the winding 41A, the terminals U ₂ , V ₂ and W ₂ of the winding 41A are connected via the pole number changeover switch S _4, and the terminals U ₁ , V ₁ and W ₁ of the winding 41B are Each of them is connected to a commercial three-phase power source via the pole number changeover switch S ₁ .

The terminals X ₂ , Y ₂ , Z ₂ of the winding 41A of the first stator 24 are connected to the terminals U ₂ , V ₂ , W ₂ of the winding 42A of the second stator 25 via the switch S _8, and The terminals X ₁ , Y ₁ , Z ₁ of the winding 41B of the first stator 24 are connected to the terminals U ₁ , V ₁ , W ₁ of the winding 42B of the second stator 25, and the second
The terminals X ₂ , Y ₂ , Z ₂ of the winding 42A of the stator 25 are connected via the pole number changeover switch S _15, and the terminals U ₄ , V ₄ , W ₄ of the winding 42A are connected via the pole number changeover switch S ₁₀ . It is connected to U ₂ , W ₂ and V ₂ of the winding 41A, and is also connected to terminals X ₂ , Z ₂ and Y ₂ of the winding 41A via S ₆ . The terminals X ₁ , Y ₁ , Z ₁ of the winding 42B of the second stator 25 are connected to the commercial three-phase power source via the pole number changeover switch S _16, and the terminals U ₃ , V ₃ , W of the winding 42B are also connected. ₃ is connected to U ₁ , W ₁ and V ₁ of the winding 41B via the pole number changeover switch S _{9 and} to S ₁ , Z ₁ and Y ₁ of the winding 41A via S _5. . In addition, winding 4
Terminals U ₂ , V ₂ and W ₂ of 2A are connected through winding S ₁₂ to X ₂ , Y ₂ and Z _{2 of} winding 42A.
It is connected to and shorted at S ₁₄ . Winding 4 as well
2B terminals U ₁ , V ₁ and W ₁ are also connected via S ₁₁ to terminal X _{1 of} the same winding,
It is connected to Y ₁ and Z ₁ and can be short-circuited at S ₁₃ . Connections of the windings 41A, 41B and the windings 42A, 42B provided on the first and second stators 24, 25 and the configuration other than the pole number changeover switches S _{1 to} S ₁₆ are shown in FIGS. 1 to 4. Since it is the same as the one described above, detailed description will be omitted. Operation of the above configuration is shown in FIG.
A description will be given with reference to FIGS. 4 and 12.

Winding 41A, 4 wound around each of the first and second stators 24, 25
The number of poles of 2A is 4 and 8 and the number of poles of windings 41B and 42B is 6
Since there are poles and 12 poles, the synchronous speed at each pole number is as shown in the following table.

From the relationship between the number of poles and the synchronous speed, if the rotational speed required for the rotor shaft 4 in the 60 Hz region is 1100 rpm., The number of pole change switches S ₃ , S ₅ , S ₉ , S ₁₁ , was charged S _13, the others of the switches is opened, the first from the commercial three-phase power windings 41B of the second stator 24, 25 are energized to 42B, the rotor by the magnetic field of both the stator 24 and 25 The rotor shaft 4 has a synchronous speed of 6 poles of 1200 rpm due to the voltage induced in the conductors 5 ...
Therefore, in order to further reduce the rotation speed of 100 rpm. Up to 1100 rpm.
The first and second stators 24 and 25 are rotated in opposite directions to control the phase shift generated between the two stators 24 and 25 to adjust to the desired rotation speed. Next, when the required rotation speed of the rotor shaft 4 is 400 rpm., The pole number changeover switches S ₁ , S ₇ , S ₁₆
Then, the other switches are opened, and the speed control of a small range of 200 rpm. From 12 rpm synchronous speed 600 rpm. To 400 rpm. Is adjusted by rotating both stators 24 and 25 by the pulse motor 35. .

Next, when the required rotation speed of the rotor shaft 4 is 800 rpm., The pole number changeover switches S ₄ , S ₈ and S ₁₅ are turned on, and the other switches are opened. Since the speed becomes the synchronous speed of the poles, both stators 24, 25 are further rotated by the pulse motor 35 to control the phase shift and adjust to 800 rpm.

When the 1600rpm to the rotor shaft 4. Is required, when opening the other switches put the number changeover switch _{S 2, S 6, S 10} , S 12, S 14 poles, the rotor shaft 4 of the four-pole Since the speed is synchronized, both stators 24,25
Rotate to control the phase shift to 1600 rpm.

The control of the rotation speed in the above embodiment is performed by appropriately operating the pole number changeover switches S _{1 to} S ₁₆ to immediately perform a large gear shift in the vicinity of the desired rotation speed, and to fix both stators 24, 25.
Since the rotation amount of can be reduced and rapid speed control can be carried out steplessly, and the speed control range can be widened, it is possible to operate near each synchronous speed, so it is efficient, and as shown in FIG. This can be understood from the relationship between the slip and torque when the 4 poles and 8 poles are shown. Of course, due to the synergistic effect with the action of connecting the windings wound around each of the stators 24 and 25 in series described in the above embodiment, it is possible to improve the efficiency in a wide control range and to output a large torque, The start / stop / shift control is frequently and widely used in a wide range of power sources to produce a remarkable effect.

In addition to the embodiments described above, both stators 24, 25
The number of poles of the winding to be wound on can be selected and adopted according to the speed control region. For example, four stators are provided and multiple types of windings are applied to each A wider range of rotation speed can be controlled by energizing the number of poles required for the rotation speed and controlling the phase shift by means of the number changeover switch and the voltage phase shifter. Since the stepwise speed control can be performed by changing the number of poles, the rotation amount of both the stators 24 and 25, which form a voltage phase shifter, can be small for a small range shift adjustment. Only one of them may be rotated, and a correct phase control may be performed by providing a difference in both rotation amounts and rotating in the same direction.

Next, referring to FIG. 14, as another embodiment of the voltage phase shifter,
A configuration will be described in which a phase changeover switch and a pole number changeover switch are connected to a winding wound around a stator to form a voltage phase shifter.

Each of the windings 43, 44 provided on each of the first and second stators 24, 25 is provided with a terminal for converting into two poles.
Each of the windings 43, 44 of the second stator 24, 25 has a terminal U ₁ ,
V ₁ , W ₁ and U ₂ , V ₂ , W ₂ are provided, and the terminals U ₂ , V ₂ , V of the winding 43 are provided.
The terminal of W ₂ is connected via the pole number switch S ₁₇
U ₁ , V ₁ and W ₁ are respectively connected to a commercial three-phase power source via a pole number switch S _18, and terminals U ₁ and X ₁ of winding 43 are connected to terminals V ₁ and
Y ₁ is connected to terminals W ₁ and Z ₁ via a pole number changeover switch S _18, and a connecting path 45 for connecting winding 43 and winding 44 in series and a commercial three-phase power supply are connected. A plurality of phase switching devices, which form a voltage phase shift device 47, are provided in the connecting path 46.

That is, the terminal X of the winding 43 connected to the pole change switch S _17
1, Y _1, and Z ₁ are connected via the phase changeover switch S ₃₁ to terminal U _1, V _1, W ₁ of the winding 44, the terminal X ₁ below Similarly windings 43,
Connect Y ₁ and Z ₁ through switch S ₂₆ to terminals Y ₁ , Z ₁ and X _{1 of} winding 44.
To the terminals W ₁ , U ₁ and V ₁ of the winding 44 via the switch S ₃₀
It is connected to terminals X ₁ , Y ₁ , Z ₁ of winding 44 via switch S ₂₈ . Terminals U ₁ and X ₁ of winding 44, terminals V ₁ and Y ₁ and terminals W ₁
And Z ₁ are connected via the phase changeover switch S _19, and the circuit of each terminal thereof can be short-circuited via the phase changeovers S ₂₁ and S ₂₅ .

Further, the series connection path 45 of the winding 43 and the winding 44 and the winding
Phase changeover switches S ₂₂ , S ₂₃ , S ₂₄ , S ₂₇ , S ₂₉ , S ₃₂ , and S ₃₃ are provided on the connecting path 46 connecting each terminal of 44 and the commercial three-phase power source, respectively. The details of the connection between the switch and each terminal of the winding wire 44 will be described in conjunction with the explanation of the operation described later. In this embodiment, the first and second stators 24 and 25 which are the voltage phase shifter are provided. 1st, 2nd without rotating
Fixed both stator 24, 25 to the machine frame 14, provided with a number changing switch S ₁₇ to S ₂₀ poles, the phase change-over switch S ₂₁ to S ₃₃
1 is different from that shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 only in the point that it is formed in the voltage phase shifter 47. Therefore, detailed description thereof will be omitted because the other configurations are the same.

The operation of the above embodiment will be described below with reference to FIGS.
It will be described with reference to FIG.

First, when operating at the maximum speed, when the pole number changeover switches S ₁₇ , S ₁₈ , S ₁₉ and the phase changeover switches S ₂₂ , S ₂₅ are turned on and the other switches are opened, the windings 43, 44 Are connected in series in the same phase and have the same torque characteristics as a general induction motor. Then, the remains of the number changing switch S _17, S _18, S ₁₉ pole turned on and to open the other switch by introducing a phase change-over switch S _21, S _27, of the rotating magnetic field by the winding 43 phase On the other hand, the phase of the rotating magnetic field due to the winding 44 is shifted by 60 °, which is 60 ° more than when the phases of the windings 43 and 44 are in phase.
Accordingly, the rotation speed of the rotor 8 decreases.

Then, the remains of the number changing switch S _17, S _18, S ₁₉ pole turned against the rotating magnetic field of the phase due to the winding 43 when turning on the phase changeover switch S _23, S _25, rotation by the winding 44 The phase of the magnetic field is 120 ° out of phase, and the rotation speed is lower than when the phase is 60 °. To rotate at a lower speed than this state, keep the pole number changeover switches S ₁₇ , S ₁₈ , and S ₁₉ closed and leave the phase changeover switch S
_{When 21} and S ₂₈ are turned on and all the other switches are opened, the phase of the rotating magnetic field by the winding 43 and the phase of the rotating magnetic field by the winding 44 are shifted by 180 °, and the lowest speed rotation can be achieved with the same number of poles. However, in this case, the torque decreases, so the winding
It is efficient to control the rotation speed by switching to another number of poles which is larger than the number of poles applied to 43 and 44, and the operation will be described below.

First, when the pole number changeover switch S ₂₀ on the winding 43 side is turned on, and the phase changeover switches S ₂₄ and S ₃₁ are turned on and the others are opened, the winding 43 and the winding 44 are connected to the connecting path 45. Power is supplied through the phase changeover switch S ₃₁ provided, and the current flows through the phase changeover switch S ₂₄ to the commercial three-phase power supply, and the phases of the voltages input to the windings 43 and 44 become the same phase. It becomes the maximum rotation speed in numbers. Next, switch for number of poles
If the phase changeover switches S ₂₆ and S ₃₂ are turned on and the other switches are opened while S ₂₀ is still turned on, the phases of the rotating magnetic fields of the windings 43 and 44 are shifted by 60 °, and the respective phases are in phase. The rotation speed is lower than when.

Next, when the phase changeover switches S ₂₉ and S ₃₀ are closed and the other switches are opened while the pole number changeover switch S ₂₀ is kept closed, the phases of the windings 43 and 44 are shifted by 120 °, and the phase difference is 60 °. The rotation speed becomes even lower than when it is °. To set the minimum rotation speed, switch S ₂₀
When the phase change-over switches S ₂₉ and S ₃₀ are turned on and the other switches are opened while the switch is turned on, the phases of the rotating magnetic fields of the windings 43 and 44 are shifted by 180 °, and the rotational speeds correspond to the shifts of the phases.

As described above, by appropriately operating the phase changeover switches S _{21 to} S ₃₃ and the pole number changeover switches S ₁₇ and S ₂₀ that form the voltage phase shifter 47, efficient rotation speed control can be performed.

In this way, the voltage phase shifter 47 can be used to control the phase between the rotating magnetic fields of the two stators having a single or multiple pole windings. The feature of this embodiment in which the voltage phase shifter 47 is a phase change switch is that the rotation speed cannot be controlled steplessly, but the rotation speed can be rapidly changed in multiple steps by switching the number of poles and the phase. In point. In this embodiment, if both or one of the first and second stators 24 and 25 are rotated to control the phase auxiliaryly, the speed can be changed steplessly, and the control can be performed quickly. In addition, even if the voltage phase shift device 47 is provided with a voltage adjusting device, the rotation speed can be arbitrarily changed.

Next, another embodiment of the voltage phase shifter will be described with reference to FIG.

The terminals A, B, C of the winding wire 22 of the first stator 24 are connected to the commercial three-phase power supply A,
Connect the terminals a, b and c of the winding 22 to the windings of the second stator 25 by connecting them to B and C.
A single-phase transformer 4 is installed in the path connected in series to the terminals A, B, and C of 23.
The voltage phase shifter 5 formed by 9 and the connection changeover switch 48.
0 is provided. Winding 22
Primary side 49 of single-phase transformer at terminals a, b, c of
S34, S35 are connected as shown in the figure, and the connection selector switches S36, S37 are connected to the secondary side of the single-phase transformer 49, and the terminal A of the winding 23,
B and C are connected to each of the connection changeover switches S34 to S37.

The operation of this embodiment will be described below. When the winding 22 is energized from the commercial three-phase power supplies A, B, C, and only the electromagnetic switch S34 of the connection changeover switch 48 is turned on and the others are opened, the phases of the rotating magnetic fields of the windings 22 and 23 are the same. Maximum rotation speed. Next, turn on only the connection changeover switch S36 and open the other switches.
The phase of the rotating magnetic field in the case of being input via the coil 22 has a phase difference that is advanced by 60 ° with respect to the phase of the rotating magnetic field by the winding 22, and the rotating speed becomes slower than when the phases of the voltages are in phase with each other.

Then, when only the connection changeover switch S35 is turned on, the phase of the rotating magnetic field by the winding 23 becomes a phase difference advanced by 120 ° with respect to the phase of the rotating magnetic field by the winding 22, and the phase shift is 60%.
The rotation speed becomes slower than when it is °. Next, when only the connection changeover switch S37 is turned on, the phase of the rotating magnetic field by the winding 22 is 180 ° with respect to the phase of the rotating magnetic field by the winding 23.
The phase difference has advanced and the minimum rotation speed has been reached. It should be noted that the phase shift generated between the rotating magnetic fields of the first stator 24 and the second stator 25 due to the switching of the respective connections changes stepwise, but the first and second stators 24, By rotating both or either of 25, it is possible to control to an arbitrary rotation speed. In this case, since a gear change switch is used to change gears at a large rotational speed and the rotation of the stator is supplementarily controlled, it is possible to perform speed change control within a small range of both rotations of the stator.

Next, still another embodiment of the voltage phase shifter will be described with reference to FIG.

The terminals A, B, C of the winding wire 22 of the first stator 24 are connected to the commercial three-phase power supply A,
Three-phase induction formed by connecting to B and C, allowing the rotor to rotate freely inside the fixed stator, and providing primary winding 52 on the stator and secondary winding 53 on the rotor. The voltage regulator 51 is a voltage phase shifter, and the terminal A of the primary winding 52 of the three-phase induction voltage regulator 51 is
B and C are connected to the terminals a, b and c of the winding 22 of the first stator 24, and the terminals a, b and c of the primary winding are short-circuited. The terminals a, b, c of the secondary winding 53 are short-circuited, and the terminals A, B, C are the terminals A, B, C of the winding 23 of the second stator 25.
And the terminals a, b, c of the winding wire 23 of the second stator 25 are short-circuited.

In this embodiment, by rotating the rotor of the three-phase induction voltage regulator 51 having the secondary winding 53 by an arbitrary amount,
The phase between the rotating magnetic fields generated by the windings 22 and 23 of the first and second stators 24 and 25 can be changed, and the rotation speed can be controlled according to the rotation speed required for the rotor shaft 4.

Next, the windings wound around the first and second stators 24 and 25 and their connections will be described with reference to FIG. The terminals U, V, W of the winding wire 22 wound around the first stator 24 are connected to the commercial three-phase power source via the switch M _1, and the terminals X, Y, Z of the winding wire 22 are connected to the winding wire 23. Terminal
It is connected to U, V and W. A short-circuiting switch M ₂ is provided at the terminals X, Y, Z of the winding wire 23, and is connected to a commercial three-phase power source via the switch M _{3 so} that the terminals X, Y, Z of the winding wires 22, 23 The windings 22 and 23 are connected to each other in series via a switch M ₁₀ .

The operation of the above structure will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 17.

Switch M _{1 to} connect the windings 22 and 23 of the first and second stators 24 and 25.
When ~M ₃ turned to open the switch M ₂ to be energized from the commercial three-phase power supply to the windings 22 and 23 and delta-connected, a voltage is induced in the rotor 8 rotating magnetic field is generated in the stator 24, 25 , A current flows through the rotor conductors 5 and the rotor 8 rotates. Second stator
When the amount of rotation of the first and second stators 24, 25 with respect to 25 is set to zero, the phases of the rotating magnetic fields due to the windings 22, 23 of the respective stators 24, 25 do not deviate, and a general induction motor It has the same torque characteristics as the maximum rotation speed.

The rotation speed can be continuously controlled by operating the pulse motor 35 and rotating the first and second stators 24 and 25, but the phase between the rotating magnetic fields of both stators 24 and 25 is 180.
When there is a deviation, the rotation speed reaches the limit. The relationship between the slip and torque from the phase angle θ = 0 ° to θ = 180 ° when delta connection is shown in Fig. 28. It is used by controlling the rotation speed to an arbitrary value within the range of slip S _{1 to} S _2. it can.

However, in the above state, the slip S is S =
Speed control becomes impossible in the range of S ₂ to S = 1.0.
That is, the speed control in the hatched area in FIG. 18 becomes impossible.

In order to deal with the above phenomenon, the switches M ₁ and M ₂ are turned on, the switch M ₃ is opened, and the connection of the windings 22 and 23 is switched to the star connection, so that the first stator 24 and the second stator 25 The magnetic fluxes φ ₁ ′ and φ ₂ ′ of the rotating magnetic field created by are in phase. Moreover, the first
Since the windings 22 and 23 of the second stators 24 and 25 are in the star connection, the voltage applied to the windings 22 and 23 is the same as in the delta connection. become. Therefore, the voltage induced in the rotor winding 7 by the magnetic fluxes φ ₁ ′, φ ₂ ′ is also Since the torque of the rotor 8 is proportional to the square of the voltage, the voltage is Then, the torque becomes 1/3.

Therefore, in FIG. 18, the torque when θ = 0 ° S = 1.0 is T _1, and the torque when θ = 180 ° S = 1.0 is
If T ₂ is set, the torque characteristics are θ = 180 ° S = as shown in FIG. 19 by switching the connection of the windings 22 and 23 of the first and second stators 24 and 25 to the star connection by a switch. 1.0 torque when the torque of the T ₁ /3,θ=0°S=1.0 when
T _2/3, and the speed uncontrollable area becomes very small as indicated by hatching. Therefore, designed to be T ₂ = T _1/3,
The connection between the windings 22 and 23 of the first and second stators 24 and 25 is made into a delta connection by a switch, and the voltage induced on the rotor conductors 5 is rotated by rotating the first and second stators 24 and 25. Phase angle from 0 ° to 180
Up to ° and then switch the windings 22 and 23 of both stators 24 and 25 to star connection with a switch
Since the phase between 24 and 25 is the same, the first and second stators 24 and 25
When is rotated in the opposite direction from the above and the phase is changed from 0 ° to 180 °, a wide range of speed control can be performed in response to a large change in the reaction torque Tr of the load. It is also possible to secure a large torque at.

Further, the voltage phase shift device is not limited to the above embodiment, but a device that causes a phase shift between both stators can be arbitrarily selected and implemented. Further, even if the conductor mounted on the rotor core has a low resistance, if the connecting material is provided between the conductors and the conductors are short-circuited, the torque characteristics and the efficiency of the present invention described above can be secured. When the windings wound around the stator are not subjected to several kinds of pole number conversion, windings are applied to each of the two rotor cores and connected to each other in series. If a resistance material is provided as a connecting material, the same effect as that described above can be obtained, and either the star connection or the delta connection can be selected and used for the winding.

Next, one embodiment of automatic control of the variable speed induction motor will be described with reference to the block diagram shown in FIG.

(Refer to FIG. 1) A speed detector 59 such as a tachogenerator having a speed indicator 60 on the input side of a control device 54 including an input / output control circuit 55, a control circuit 56, an arithmetic circuit 57, a memory circuit 58 and the like.
, A stator rotation position detector 61 such as a magnetic sensor, and a machine frame
An electromagnet that connects a temperature detector 62 mounted at a proper place in 14 and a keyboard 63 having a display, and locks or unlocks the rotation of the pulse motor 35 and the rotation side stator on the output side of the control device 54. 64 and a motor 65 for driving a blower that blows air for cooling the windings 22, 23, the rotor conductor 5, ... The following control values are input to the memory circuit 58 of the device 54. That is, the relationship between the rotation amount of the stator with respect to the phase angle 0 ° to 180 °, the pulse control value of the pulse motor 35 with respect to the rotation amount of the stator, and the position detector 61 of the stator with respect to the phase angle 0 ° to 180 °. And a temperature reference value for cooling the inside of the machine frame 14 are input, and when the speed control value of the rotor shaft 4 is input to the control device 54 from the keyboard 63, the input speed control value is set. The rotation amount of the stator is calculated, and the pulse control value of the pulse motor 35 for the rotation amount of the stator is calculated. The signal output from the controller 54 actuates the electromagnet 64 to unlock the stator, and the signal from the controller 54 is actuated to operate the pulse motor 35 to control the gear shift and the speed attached to the rotor shaft 4. When the speed value notified of the detection value of the detector 59 and the speed control value are compared, and there is a difference in the speeds, the control device 54 outputs the pulse motor 35 for correction control of the rotation speed and the electromagnet. The rotation of the stator is locked by 64.

When the detected temperature value of the temperature detector 62, which is communicated to the control device 54, becomes higher than the temperature reference value set in the storage circuit 58, a signal output from the control device 54 causes the electric motor of the blower.
65 is started, and air is blown into the machine frame 14 to cool the windings 22, 23, the rotor conductor 5, ..., The resistance material ρ, etc. During the above operation,
When a new rotation speed value is input from the keyboard 63 or a speed control value is automatically input to the control device 54 directly from the control panel connected to the load via the keyboard 63, the stator rotation position detector 61 Based on the current position of the stator communicated from, the pulse value for operating the pulse motor 35 is calculated for the desired speed value, and the electromagnet 64 and the pulse motor 35 are operated by the output signal from the controller 54. Control the rotation speed.

The output side of the control device 54 may be connected to a pole number changeover switch 67, a phase changeover switch 68, etc. to automatically control the speed control value input to the control device 54.
In some cases, the air cooling device 66 is connected to the blower, and the air cooling device 66 acts on the temperature reference value set in the control device 54.

Further, the variable-speed induction motor of the present invention can be used as an induction generator, and if the rotor shaft 4 is directly connected to a turbine or the like to generate power, an expensive speed governor can be omitted. When an internal combustion engine is connected as a prime mover, it can respond to the minimum fuel consumption speed of the internal combustion engine, and even when the power using feng shui as an energy source is weak and unstable, the maximum output speed can be obtained. In hydropower generation, it is possible to efficiently generate power according to the flow velocity, and a complicated and expensive variable pitch device or phase shifter can be omitted. Also, synchronization with external power can be performed without an expensive synchronizer. Further, a switch for connecting the other rotation shaft to the rotor shaft and for exchanging the two phases on the input side of the stator winding is provided, and if the rotor shaft is allowed to rotate normally and reversely with the switch, It can also be used as an electric machine brake by operating with the voltage phase device, and by controlling the rotation speed with the voltage phase shifting device, the control force of the rotating shaft connected to the rotor shaft can be efficiently adjusted.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, according to the present invention, at least one set of conductors of the two sets of conductors mounted on the two rotor cores is connected to another conductor in association with the two rotor cores. Are connected to each other by skewing them at different angles to form an integral rotor, and two sets of stators are arranged side by side on the outer peripheral portion of each rotor core so as to be wound around the two stators. Since the windings are connected in series with each other and the voltage phase shifter is connected in relation to the two stators, the voltage phase shifter is operated so that two sets are generated by the magnetic flux of the rotating magnetic field generated in the stator. Of a plurality of conductors, causing a phase shift that makes each phase difference different,
That is, the rotation speed of the rotor can be arbitrarily changed by a simple operation of increasing / decreasing the combined voltage induced in the rotor conductor. In addition, the effect of the combination of short-circuiting each of the arbitrary conductors of the two sets of rotor conductors via the connecting material is that the conductors via the connecting material have respective stators corresponding to the rotor conductors. Induced by the rotor conductors and the force of individual currents flowing through the rotor conductors becomes equal, and the vector difference current due to the phase difference of the voltage between the stators causes a plurality of rotor conductors. And the effect of forcibly flowing through the connecting material that short-circuits each other, and on the other hand, the current that flows in the conductor not through the connecting material is inversely proportional to the phase difference of the voltage between the stators. By the synergistic effect of the action, it is possible to secure a rated current and a rated torque that are almost the same as those at the time of maximum rotation in each speed change range, and a torque that cannot be achieved by the sum of the cited publications. Special And it is intended that could be admirably achieve the object aimed at improving efficiency.

Therefore, of course, it is possible to control the start-up and speed change according to the desired characteristics of the load, as well as to perform a smooth start-up control that adapts to the load. It has a remarkable effect.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 to 20 are diagrams showing an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of an induction motor, FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a rotating mechanism of a stator, and FIG. 3 is a side view showing a partially broken sectional view of a rotating mechanism of a stator. Fig. 4 is a perspective view showing the concept of the conductor and the short-circuit ring of the squirrel cage rotor, Fig. 5 is a wiring diagram in which the stator windings are connected in series to form a star connection and connected to the power supply, and Fig. 6 shows the stator windings. A wiring diagram in which a delta connection is connected in series and is connected to a power supply, FIG. 7 is an electrical equivalent circuit of the rotor, FIG. 8 is an electrical equivalent circuit of the electrical equivalent circuit of FIG. 7 seen from the stator side,
Fig. 9 is a graph showing the relationship between rotor slip and active power, and Fig. 10 shows the relationship between slip and torque when the conductor windings are short-circuited and the stator windings are connected in series. Torque characteristic diagram, Fig. 11 shows the relation between slip and torque when skewing an arbitrary set of two conductors and short-circuiting with a resistance material, and connecting the stator windings in series. The torque characteristic diagram shown. Fig. 12 is a wiring diagram when multiple types of windings are applied to the stator and the number of poles is switched by a switch. Fig. 13 is a torque characteristic diagram showing the relationship between slip and torque at 4 poles and 8 poles, and Fig. 14 Is a connection diagram to the stator winding of the phase changeover switch made with the voltage phase shifter,
FIG. 15 is an embodiment diagram in which the voltage phase shift device is configured by a single-phase transformer and a phase change switch, FIG. 16 is an embodiment diagram in which the voltage phase shift device is configured by an induction voltage regulator, and FIG. 17 is fixed. A wiring diagram in which the child winding is switched to a delta connection or a star connection by a switch, FIGS. 18 and 19 are torque characteristic diagrams showing the relationship between the slip and torque of the delta connection and the star connection, and FIG. 20 is according to the present invention. It is a block block diagram in the case of automatically controlling an induction motor. 1 ... Induction motor, 2, 3 ... Rotor core, 4 ... Rotor shaft, 5
... conductor, 5A ... first conductor group, 5B ... second conductor group, 6 ... short-circuit ring, 7 ... connecting material, 8 ... rotor, 9 ... non-magnetic core, 10, 11
… Side, 12… Ventilator, 13… Vents, 14… Machine frame, 15, 16…
Bearing board, 17 ... Connecting rod, 18 ... Nut, 19,20 ... Cooling impeller, 21 ... Bearing, 22,23 ... Winding, 24 ... First stator, 25 ... Second stator, 26, 27 ... Sliding shaft, 28 ... Stop ring, 29
... Relay shaft, 30 ... Relay gear, 31 ... Second drive gear, 32 ...
Bearing stand, 33A, 33B ... Gear, 34 ... Relay gear, 35 ... Pulse motor, 36 ... First drive gear, 37 ... Opening portion, 38 ... Voltage transfer device, 39 ... Exhaust hole, 40 ... Ventilation hole, 41A, 41B ... Winding, 42
A, 42B ... Winding, 45, 46 ... Connection path, 47 ... Voltage phase shifter,
48 ... Connection changeover switch, 49 ... Single-phase transformer, 50 ... Voltage phase shifter, 51 ... Induction voltage regulator, 52 ... Primary winding, 53 ... Secondary winding, 54 ... Control device, 55 ... Input / output circuit , 56 ... Control circuit, 57
... arithmetic circuit, 58 ... memory circuit, 59 ... speed detector, 60 ... speed indicator, 61 ... stator rotation position detector, 62 ... temperature detector,
63 ... Keyboard, 64 ... Electromagnet, 65 ... Electric motor, 66 ... Air cooling device, 67 ... Number of pole change switch, 68 ... Phase change switch.

Claims (7)

(57) [Claims] 1. A rotor having two rotor cores axially attached to the same rotary shaft with a space or a non-magnetic member interposed therebetween, and a plurality of conductors communicating with the two rotor cores are provided. The plurality of conductors are divided into two groups, a first conductor group and a second conductor group, which are alternately arranged on the rotor core.
A squirrel-cage rotor having a plurality of rotor cores declined at an angle different from that of the second conductor group and a plurality of conductors of the first conductor group being resistance short-circuited with a connecting member; Two stator cores are provided around the rotor core, two windings are wound around each of the two stator cores, and the two stators are connected in series. A voltage that causes a phase difference between a rotating magnetic field generated around one of the stators facing the rotor, and a rotating magnetic field generated around the other rotor facing another stator. A phase shift device, the phase shift device having a phase shift of 0 ° and 18 ° with respect to the second conductor group.
The phase difference between the first conductor group and the phase difference between the first conductor group at the time of 0 °
Phase difference θ due to declination of the conductor group and phase difference 0 of the first conductor group
A variable speed induction motor characterized in that a phase shift is made between the phase difference and another large phase difference. 2. At least one of the stators so that the voltage phase shifter can set the phase of the voltage applied between the two stators to an arbitrary phase difference within the range of 0 ° to 180 °. The variable speed induction motor according to claim (1), wherein each of the rotors is formed concentrically with the rotor so as to be rotatable. 3. A variable speed device according to claim 1, wherein the voltage phase shifter is a phase changeover switch connected to at least one stator winding of the two stators. Induction motor. 4. A variable speed induction motor according to claim 1, wherein the voltage phase shifting device is formed by a single-phase transformer and a connection changeover switch. 5. The variable speed induction motor according to claim 1, wherein the voltage phase shifter is an induction voltage regulator. 6. The method according to claim 2, wherein each of the two stators is provided with a winding for forming a plurality of types of poles, and a pole number changeover switch is connected to a terminal of the winding. The variable speed induction motor according to any one of (5). 7. The scope of claims (2) to (5), wherein a switch is provided for switching the connection of each winding of the two stators to either delta connection or star connection. The variable speed induction motor according to any one of the above.