JP7532035B2 - ターボを有するscr及びasc/doc近位連結システム - Google Patents
ターボを有するscr及びasc/doc近位連結システム Download PDFInfo
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- JP7532035B2 JP7532035B2 JP2019553375A JP2019553375A JP7532035B2 JP 7532035 B2 JP7532035 B2 JP 7532035B2 JP 2019553375 A JP2019553375 A JP 2019553375A JP 2019553375 A JP2019553375 A JP 2019553375A JP 7532035 B2 JP7532035 B2 JP 7532035B2
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9413—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst
- B01D53/9418—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst for removing nitrogen oxides by selective catalytic reduction [SCR] using a reducing agent in a lean exhaust gas
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- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/54—Nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/58—Ammonia
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- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
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- B01D53/9468—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts with catalysts positioned on one brick in different layers
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- F01N2340/00—Dimensional characteristics of the exhaust system, e.g. length, diameter or volume of the exhaust apparatus; Spatial arrangements of exhaust apparatuses
- F01N2340/02—Distance of the exhaust apparatus to the engine or between two exhaust apparatuses
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2340/00—Dimensional characteristics of the exhaust system, e.g. length, diameter or volume of the exhaust apparatus; Spatial arrangements of exhaust apparatuses
- F01N2340/06—Arrangement of the exhaust apparatus relative to the turbine of a turbocharger
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2510/00—Surface coverings
- F01N2510/06—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction
- F01N2510/068—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction characterised by the distribution of the catalytic coatings
- F01N2510/0684—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction characterised by the distribution of the catalytic coatings having more than one coating layer, e.g. multi-layered coatings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
- F01N2560/06—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being a temperature sensor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
- F01N2570/18—Ammonia
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/16—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust apparatus, e.g. particulate filter or catalyst
- F01N2900/1616—NH3-slip from catalyst
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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Description
本発明の実施態様は、入口端及び出口端を有する基材、第1のゾーン及び第2のゾーンを含む触媒物品に関し、第1のゾーンは第2のゾーンの上流に位置する。第1のゾーンは、担体上の白金族金属を有するアンモニアスリップ触媒(ASC)最下層と;ASC最下層より上に位置する、SCR触媒を有するSCR層とを含み得る。第2のゾーンは、ディーゼル酸化触媒(DOC)又はディーゼル発熱触媒(DEC)を含み得る。そのような触媒物品では、ASC最下層は第2のゾーンへ延びてもよい。いくつかの実施態様では、ASC最下層は、(1)担体上の白金族金属と(2)第1のSCR触媒のブレンドを含む。
本発明の実施態様は、第1のゾーン、第2のゾーン及び第3のゾーンを有する触媒物品に関する。第1のゾーンは、SCR触媒を含み得る。第2のゾーンは、担体上の白金族金属と第1のSCR触媒とのブレンドを有するASCを含み得る。第3のゾーンは、DOC又はDECなどの触媒(「第3のゾーン触媒」)を含み得る。第1のゾーンは第2のゾーンの上流に位置し、第2のゾーンは第3のゾーンの上流に位置する。
本発明のシステム構成は、ターボチャージャ、上流SCR触媒、及び前項に記載される2ゾーン又は3ゾーン構成を有する触媒物品を含み得る。上流SCR触媒は、前項に記載される2ゾーン又は3ゾーン構成を有する触媒物品の上流に位置してもよく、いくつかの実施態様では、上流SCR触媒及び触媒物品は近位連結されてもよい。いくつかの実施態様では、上流SCR触媒及び触媒物品は単一基材上に位置しており、上流SCR触媒は、触媒物品の第1及び第2(及び存在する場合は第3)のゾーンの上流に位置する。いくつかの実施態様では、上流SCR触媒は、ターボチャージャの上流に位置している。上流SCR触媒がターボチャージャの上流に位置するとき、上流SCR触媒はASCと組み合わされる。いくつかの実施態様では、上流SCR触媒は、ターボチャージャの下流に位置している。
触媒物品は、一又は複数の、アンモニアスリップ触媒(「ASC」)とも呼ばれる、アンモニア酸化触媒を含み得る。一又は複数のASCは、SCR触媒に又はその下流に含まれて、余剰のアンモニアを酸化させ、且つそれが大気中へ放出されるのを妨げ得る。いくつかの実施態様では、ASCは、SCR触媒と同じ基材上に含まれ得るか、又はSCR触媒とブレンドされ得る。特定の実施態様では、アンモニア酸化触媒材料は、NOx又はN2Oの形成の代わりにアンモニアの酸化を有利にするよう選択され得る。好ましい触媒材料には、白金、パラジウム、又はそれらの組み合わせが含まれる。アンモニア酸化触媒は、金属酸化物に担持された白金及び/又はパラジウムを含む。いくつかの実施態様では、触媒は、高表面積の担体上に配置され、アルミナを含むが、それらに限定されない。
本発明のシステムは、一又は複数のSCR触媒を含み得る。いくつかの実施態様では、触媒物品は、第1のSCR触媒及び第2のSCR触媒を含み得る。いくつかの実施態様では、第1のSCR触媒及び第2のSCR触媒は、互いに同一の配合物を含み得る。いくつかの実施態様では、第1のSCR触媒及び第2のSCR触媒は、互いに異なる配合物を含み得る。
x)O2、ここでx=0.1から0.9、好ましくはx=0.2から0.5)からなる群より選択される耐火性酸化物に担持されるバナジウムの酸化物(例えばV2O5)及び/又はタングステンの酸化物(例えばWO3)を含み得るか、又は本質的にそれらからなる。
本発明の実施態様は、(1)担体上の白金族金属と(2)SCR触媒とのブレンドを含み得る。いくつかの実施態様では、ブレンド内で、SCR触媒の担体上の白金族金属に対する重量比は、約3:1から約300:1;約3:1から約250:1;約3:1から約200:1;約4:1から約150:1;約5:1から約100:1;約6:1から約90:1;約7:1から約80:1;約8:1から約70:1;約9:1から約60:1;約10:1から約50:1;約3:1;約4:1;約5:1;約6:1;約7:1;約8:1;約9:1;約10:1;約15:1;約20:1;約25:1;約30:1;約40:1;約50:1;約75:1;約100:1;約125:1;約150:1;約175:1;約200:1;約225:1;約250:1;約275:1;又は約300:1である。
本発明の触媒物品及びシステムは、一又は複数のディーゼル酸化触媒を含み得る。酸化触媒、及び特にディーゼル酸化触媒(DOC)が、当該技術分野でよく知られている。酸化触媒は、COをCO2に酸化し、気相炭化水素(HC)及びディーゼル微粒子の有機フラクション(可溶性有機成分)をCO2とH2Oに酸化するように設計されている。典型的な酸化触媒は、アルミナ、シリカ-アルミナ、及びゼオライトなどの高表面積の無機酸化物担体上白金及び任意選択的にパラジウムも含む。
本発明の触媒はそれぞれ、フロースルー基材又はフィルタ基材をさらに含み得る。一実施態様では、触媒は、フロースルー又はフィルタ基材上にコーティングされてもよく、好ましくは、ウォッシュコート法を使用して、フロースルー又はフィルタ基材上に堆積される。
システムは、SCR及び/又はSCRF触媒の上流の排気システムに窒素還元剤を導入するための手段を備え得る。排気システム中へ窒素還元剤を導入するための手段はSCR又はSCRF触媒のすぐ上流にある(例えば、窒素還元剤を導入するための手段とSCR又はSCRF触媒との間に介在する触媒は存在しない)ことが好ましい場合がある。
本発明の触媒物品は、より高い触媒活性及び選択性を提供し得る。さらに、いくつかの実施態様では、HC酸化及び発熱生成は、後部ゾーンに集中し得るため、熱水分解から前部のASCゾーンを保護し得る。
Claims (19)
- 入口端及び出口端を含む基材、第1のゾーン並びに第2のゾーンを含む触媒物品であって、
第1のゾーンが、
a.(1)担体上の白金族金属と(2)第1のSCR触媒のブレンドを含むアンモニアスリップ触媒(ASC)最下層;及び
b.ASC最下層より上に位置する、第2のSCR触媒を含むSCR層
を含み、
第2のゾーンが、ディーゼル酸化触媒(DOC)及びディーゼル発熱触媒(DEC)からなる群より選択される触媒(「第2のゾーン触媒」)を含み;
ASC最下層が第2のゾーンへ延び;且つ
第1のゾーンが第2のゾーンの上流に位置する、
触媒物品。 - ASC最下層が、出口端から基材の全長未満にわたって延び;
SCR層が、入口端から基材の全長未満にわたって延び、少なくとも部分的にASC最下層に重なり;且つ
第2のゾーン触媒が、出口端から基材の全長未満にわたって延びる第2の層に含まれ、第2の層が、ASC最下層の最上部に位置し、ASC最下層よりも長さが短い、
請求項1に記載の触媒物品。 - ASC最下層が、入口端から基材の全長未満にわたって延び;
SCR層が、入口端から基材の全長未満にわたって延び、SCR層が、ASC最下層の最上部に位置し、ASC最下層よりも出口端へ向かってさらに延びず;且つ
第2のゾーン触媒が、出口端から基材の全長未満にわたって延びる第2の層に含まれ、第2の層が少なくとも部分的にASC最下層に重なる、
請求項1に記載の触媒物品。 - ASC最下層が、入口端から基材の全長未満にわたって延び;
SCR層が、入口端から基材の全長未満にわたって延び、SCR層が、ASC最下層の最上部に位置し;且つ
第2のゾーン触媒が、出口端から基材の全長未満にわたって延びる層に含まれる、
請求項1に記載の触媒物品。 - ASC最下層が基材の全長を覆い;
SCR層が、入口端から基材の全長未満にわたって延び、SCR層がASC最下層の最上部に位置し;且つ
第2のゾーン触媒が、出口端から基材の全長未満にわたって延びる第2の層に含まれ、第2の層がASC最下層の最上部に位置する、
請求項1に記載の触媒物品。 - 第2のゾーン触媒が基材内に位置している、請求項1に記載の触媒物品。
- 担体が、(1)シリカ;(2)200より高いシリカ対アルミナ比を有するゼオライト;及び(3)≧40%のSiO2含有量を有する非晶質のシリカドープアルミナからなる群より選択されるケイ質材料を含む、請求項1に記載の触媒物品。
- 白金族金属が、白金族金属及び担体の総重量の約0.1wt%から約10wt%の量で担体上に存在する、請求項1に記載の触媒物品。
- ブレンド内で、第1のSCR触媒の、担体上の白金族金属に対する重量比が約10:1から約50:1である、請求項1に記載の触媒物品。
- 第1のゾーン及び第2のゾーンが単一基材上に位置しており、第1のゾーンが基材の入口側に位置しており、第2のゾーンが基材の出口側に位置している、請求項1に記載の触媒物品。
- 基材が第1の基材及び第2の基材を含み、第1のゾーンが第1の基材上に位置しており、第2のゾーンが第2の基材上に位置しており、第1の基材が第2の基材の上流に位置している、請求項1に記載の触媒物品。
- 排気流を請求項1に記載の触媒物品と接触させることを含む、排気流からの排出を減少させる方法。
- a.ターボチャージャ;
b.第3のSCR触媒;及び
c.請求項1に記載の触媒物品
を含む、排気流からの排出を減少させるための排気浄化システム。 - 第3のSCR触媒が、ターボチャージャの上流に位置している、請求項13に記載のシステム。
- 第3のSCR触媒が、ターボチャージャの下流に位置している、請求項13に記載のシステム。
- 第3のSCR触媒及び触媒物品が、単一基材上に位置しており、第3のSCR触媒が、第1のゾーン及び第2のゾーンの上流に位置している、請求項13に記載のシステム。
- 第3のSCR触媒が、触媒物品基材の上流の基材上に位置している、請求項13に記載のシステム。
- 第3のSCR触媒が触媒物品と近位連結している、請求項13に記載のシステム。
- ターボチャージャの上流に位置するプレターボSCR触媒をさらに含む、請求項13に記載のシステム。
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- 2018-03-29 US US15/939,419 patent/US10828603B2/en active Active
- 2018-03-29 RU RU2019134062A patent/RU2019134062A/ru unknown
- 2018-03-29 JP JP2019553375A patent/JP7532035B2/ja active Active
- 2018-03-29 DE DE102018107548.0A patent/DE102018107548A1/de not_active Ceased
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|---|---|
| US20180280877A1 (en) | 2018-10-04 |
| RU2019134062A (ru) | 2021-04-30 |
| GB2562373A (en) | 2018-11-14 |
| US10828603B2 (en) | 2020-11-10 |
| WO2018183658A1 (en) | 2018-10-04 |
| DE102018107548A1 (de) | 2018-10-04 |
| GB2562373B (en) | 2021-07-21 |
| BR112019020350A2 (pt) | 2020-04-28 |
| JP2020515759A (ja) | 2020-05-28 |
| RU2019134062A3 (ja) | 2021-06-09 |
| JP2023075084A (ja) | 2023-05-30 |
| CN110678250B (zh) | 2022-04-26 |
| GB201805136D0 (en) | 2018-05-16 |
| EP3600625A1 (en) | 2020-02-05 |
| CN110678250A (zh) | 2020-01-10 |
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