JP7488646B2 - Functional material construction - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a functional material construction structure, and more specifically, to a functional material construction structure that can be applied to the exterior walls, interior walls, roofs, ceilings, etc. of buildings.

Patent Document 1 discloses a fire-resistant wall structure. This fire-resistant wall structure is formed by first fastening a calcium silicate board to one side of a wooden partition wall with nails, then fastening a foam fire-resistant sheet to the board with a tacker, and then fastening wooden furring strips to the partition wall with nails, and then fastening a ceramic siding board to the furring strip with nails on top of that.

In this type of fire-resistant wall structure, the foamable fire-resistant sheet foams and expands when heated during a fire, forming a non-flammable, porous, insulating layer between the calcium silicate board and the ceramic siding. This makes it difficult for heat and flames to be transmitted from the outdoors to the interior, or vice versa.

JP 2011-94350 A

However, in a fire-resistant wall structure like the one described above, flames and heat can easily penetrate from the outside to the inside through the joints (butt joints) between adjacent calcium silicate boards, compromising the fire resistance.

For this reason, it has been considered to overlap foam fireproof sheets at the joints between adjacent calcium silicate boards to prevent the fireproofing from being impaired, but this increases the thickness of the overlapping foam fireproof sheets, which can cause problems in fixing boards such as ceramic siding.

The present invention was made in consideration of the above points, and aims to provide a functional material construction structure that is easy to install.

A functional material construction structure according to one aspect of the present invention comprises a functional material, a decorative material facing the functional material, and a plurality of fasteners arranged between the functional material and the decorative material so as to overlap the functional material and hold the decorative material. The functional material is composed of a plurality of sheet members, and the functional material has a thick portion formed by overlapping two or more of the sheet members. Each of the plurality of fasteners is arranged so that the arrangement height in the direction in which the functional material and the decorative material face each other is within 2 mm from a reference plane. The reference plane is a virtual plane including an area on the surface on which the fasteners are installed that does not overlap with the thick portion.

A functional material construction structure according to another aspect of the present invention comprises a functional material, a decorative material facing the functional material, and a plurality of fasteners arranged between the functional material and the decorative material so as to overlap the functional material and hold the decorative material. The functional material is composed of a plurality of sheet members, and the functional material has a thick portion formed by overlapping two or more of the sheet members. Each of the plurality of fasteners is arranged so as not to overlap the thick portion.

The present invention has the advantage that it does not impair the appearance of the decorative material and provides good workability for the functional material construction.

FIG. 1 is a front view showing an example of the positional relationship between a support material, a sheet member, and a fastener in an embodiment according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a front view showing another example of the positional relationship between the support material, the sheet member, and the fastener in the embodiment according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a construction state of the base material according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing an applied state of the functional material in the first embodiment according to the present invention. Fig. 8A is a perspective view showing an example of a method for applying a functional material in the first embodiment according to the present invention. Fig. 8B is a perspective view showing another example of a method for applying a functional material in the first embodiment according to the present invention. FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing another example of an applied state of the functional material according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing the first embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 11A is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the first embodiment according to the present invention. Fig. 11B is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the first embodiment according to the present invention. Fig. 11C is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the first embodiment according to the present invention. FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a second embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 13A is a cross-sectional view showing a sheet-attached base member used in a modified example of the embodiment according to the present invention, Fig. 13B is a perspective view showing the sheet-attached base member in the same embodiment, and Fig. 13C is a perspective view showing the installed state of the sheet-attached base member in the same embodiment. Fig. 14A is a perspective view showing a sheet-attached base member used in a modified example of the embodiment according to the present invention, and Fig. 14B is a perspective view showing the applied state of the sheet-attached base member. FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional perspective view showing a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view showing a third embodiment of the present invention.

The following describes an embodiment of the present invention.

The functional material construction structure 1 in this embodiment comprises a functional material 20, a decorative material 10 facing the functional material 20, and a number of fasteners 80. The fasteners 80 are positioned between the functional material 20 and the decorative material 10 so as to overlap the functional material 20, and hold the decorative material 10.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the functional material 20 is composed of multiple sheet members 27, and has a thick portion 21 formed by overlapping two or more sheet members 27. Each of the multiple fasteners 80 is arranged so that the arrangement height in the direction in which the functional material 20 and the decorative material 10 face each other (front-to-back direction) is within 2 mm from the reference plane. Alternatively, each of the multiple fasteners 80 is arranged so as not to overlap the thick portion 21.

The reference plane is a virtual plane including an area on the surface on which the fastener 80 is installed that does not overlap with the thick portion 21. For example, when the fastener 80 is directly installed on the functional material 20, the surface of the functional material 20 facing the decorative material 10 is the surface on which the fastener 80 is installed, and the virtual plane including the area of the surface of the functional material 20 where the thick portion 21 does not exist is the reference plane. In addition, when a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 65, 271 is interposed between the functional material 20 and the fastener 80 as described below, the surface of the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 65, 271 facing the decorative material 10 is the surface on which the fastener 80 is installed, and the virtual plane including the area of the surface of the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 65, 271 that does not overlap with the thick portion 21 is the reference plane. The same applies when an appropriate member other than the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 65, 271 is interposed between the functional material 20 and the fastener 80. The arrangement height can also be said to be the distance in the front-to-rear direction between the reference plane and the fastener 80.

Note that Figures 1 and 2 show the relative positions of the support material 50 (described in detail below), the sheet member 27, and the fastener 80, and do not show other elements.

According to this embodiment, the functional material 20 can improve the functions of the functional material construction structure 1, such as the fire resistance performance. Furthermore, the thickened portion 21 makes it difficult for the front-to-rear position of each fastener 80 to be excessively raised forward. Therefore, the front-to-rear positional deviation between multiple fasteners is unlikely to occur. Furthermore, the thickened portion 21 makes it difficult for the fasteners 80 to be misaligned in the front-to-rear direction, making it easier for the fasteners 80 to hold the decorative material 10, and the decorative material 10 is also unlikely to be misaligned. Therefore, the construction of the functional material construction structure 1 is good, and the finish of the decorative material 10 is not impaired.

The thick portion 21 may have at least one of the following: a portion formed by two overlapping sheet members 27 (two-ply portion 212), a portion formed by three overlapping sheet members 27 (three-ply portion 213), and a portion formed by four overlapping sheet members 27 (four-ply portion 214). The two-ply portion 212 is a portion formed by overlapping the edges of two sheet members 27, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, for example. The four-ply portion 214 is a portion formed by overlapping the corners of four sheet members 27, as shown in Fig. 1, for example. The three-ply portion 213 is a portion formed by overlapping the edge of one sheet member 27 and the corners of two sheet members 27, as shown in Fig. 2, for example.

The thickness of a single sheet member 27 is, for example, 0.1 mm or more and 5 mm or less, more preferably 0.3 mm or more and 3 mm or less, and even more preferably 0.4 mm or more and 1 mm or less.

It is preferable that none of the multiple fasteners 80 overlap the thick portion 21.

When the fastener 80 overlaps the thick portion 21, it is preferable that the placement height of the fastener 80 is within 2 mm as described above. To achieve this, it is preferable that the fastener 80 overlaps only the placement portion in the thick portion 21. The placement portion is a portion whose thickness difference with one sheet member 27 is within 2 mm. In this case, it is easy to achieve a placement height of within 2 mm. For example, if the thickness of one sheet member 27 is greater than 2/3 mm and less than 1 mm, the two-ply portion 212 and the three-ply portion 213 can be the placement portion, and if the thickness of one sheet member 27 is greater than 1 mm and less than 2 mm, the two-ply portion 212 can be the placement portion. The difference in thickness between the placement portion and one sheet member 27 is preferably 2 mm or less, more preferably 1.8 mm or less, and even more preferably 1 mm or less.

When applying the sheet member 27, it is preferable that the portion of the thick portion 21 that is long along the longitudinal direction of the support material 50 (particularly the fastener support material 501 described later) does not overlap the support material 50. This portion is formed by overlapping the edges (e.g., side edges) of the sheet member 27 along the support material 50. It is also preferable that the portion of the thick portion 21 that is long in the direction intersecting the longitudinal direction of the support material 50 does not overlap the position of the fastener 80. This portion is formed by overlapping the edges (e.g., upper and lower ends) of the sheet member 27 along the direction intersecting the longitudinal direction of the support material 50. In this case, the fastener 80 supported by the fastener support material 501 is more likely to be positioned so as not to overlap the thick portion 21.

A more specific example of the functional material construction structure of this embodiment is shown below.

(Embodiment 1)
(1) Overview Figures 3, 4 and 5 show an exterior wall structure 2 as a functional material application structure 1 of this embodiment. The exterior wall structure 2 includes a decorative material 10, a functional material 20, a base material 30, a heat insulating material 40 and a support material 50. The decorative material 10, the functional material 20, the base material 30, the heat insulating material 40 and the support material 50 are arranged in this order in the front-to-rear direction. That is, the base material 30 is arranged in front of the heat insulating material 40 and the support material 50. The functional material 20 is arranged in front of the base material 30. The decorative material 10 is arranged in front of the functional material 20. In this specification, the front-to-rear direction is the direction in which the functional material 20 and the decorative material 10 face each other, the thickness direction of the exterior wall structure 2, and is the same as the indoor-outdoor direction. The front is the side from the functional material 20 to the decorative material 10 in the front-to-rear direction, and the rear is the opposite side of the front. The left-right direction and the up-down direction are defined based on the front-to-rear direction.

(2) Decorative material 10
The decorative material 10 is an exterior material of the functional material-installed structure 1, and the functional material-installed structure 1 is decorated by the decorative material 10. In the case of the exterior wall structure 2, the decorative material 10 is an exterior wall material, for example, a ceramic siding. The ceramic siding is a hardened product of a hydraulic material containing cement. The decorative material 10 is formed in a substantially flat plate shape, and it is preferable that the surface of the decorative material 10 has an uneven pattern or a coating film to provide design. The thickness of the decorative material 10 is, for example, 10 mm or more and 50 mm or less, but is not limited thereto. The shape of the decorative material 10 is also arbitrary, but for example, it is formed in a rectangular plate shape when viewed from the front (when viewed toward the rear). The decorative material 10 has a solid. A solid recess 101 is provided at the upper end of the decorative material 10. A solid protrusion 102 is provided at the lower end of the decorative material 10. The decorative materials 10 installed adjacent to each other vertically are connected by fitting the solid recess 101 and the solid protrusion 102 together. The decorative material 10 may be a metal siding material obtained by forming a metal plate.

(3) Functional material 20
The functional material 20 improves the function of the functional material-installed structure 1. The functional material 20 is, for example, a sound-insulating material, a waterproof material, or a fire-resistant material, but is not limited to these. When the functional material 20 is a fire-resistant material, the functional material 20 improves the fire resistance of the functional material-installed structure 1. To achieve this, for example, the functional material 20 foams due to the heat of a fire, increasing its volume compared to its initial state before the fire. Here, fire resistance means suppressing the transmission of heat.

The functional material 20 can be formed from a plurality of sheet members 27. When the functional material 20 is a fire-resistant material, the sheet member 27 can be formed, for example, from a foamed fire-resistant sheet having a rectangular shape when viewed from the front, and in this case, it is preferable that the sheet member contains a synthetic resin, a polyhydric alcohol, a flame-retardant foaming agent, etc.

Examples of synthetic resins include melamine resin, acrylic resin, alkyd resin, vinyl chloride resin, vinyl acetate resin, urethane resin, epoxy resin, silicone resin, polyester resin, polyolefin/vinyl acetate resin, vinyl acetate/vinyl ester versatic acid copolymer resin, vinyl acetate/polyolefin resin, vinyl acetate/versatic acid/acrylic resin, vinyl acetate/acrylic copolymer resin, acrylic/styrene copolymer resin, polybutadiene resin, etc. Examples of polyolefins include polyethylene, etc.

Examples of polyhydric alcohols include pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, tripentaerythritol, polypentaerythritol, etc.

As flame-retardant blowing agents, phosphates such as ammonium phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, melamine phosphate, melamine polyphosphate, aluminum polyphosphate, and magnesium polyphosphate phosphate are preferably used, but examples include sulfamates (such as ammonium sulfamate), borates (such as ammonium borate), and expandable graphite.

The content ratio of the synthetic resin, polyhydric alcohol, and flame-retardant foaming agent in the functional material 20 is preferably 10 parts by mass or more and 50 parts by mass or less of the polyhydric alcohol and 50 parts by mass or more and 200 parts by mass or less of the flame-retardant foaming agent per 100 parts by mass of the synthetic resin.
The thickness of the sheet member 27 is preferably 0.1 mm or more and 5 mm or less, more preferably 0.3 mm or more and 3 mm or less, and further preferably 0.4 mm or more and 1 mm or less.

To improve the heat insulation properties of the functional material 20 after foaming, it is preferable that the volume ratio (foaming ratio) of the functional material 20 after foaming is 10 to 30 times that of the volume before foaming. For example, by using a sheet-like functional material 20 with a thickness of 0.6 mm in a 15 mm ventilation layer formed between the decorative material 10 and the base material 30, the foaming ratio becomes 25 times, and fire resistance can be improved relatively inexpensively. In addition, in areas where fire resistance is to be improved, for example, a sheet-like functional material 20 with a thickness of 1.2 mm can be used with a foaming ratio of 12.5 times, which further improves fire resistance.

(4) Base material 30
The functional material construction structure 1 preferably includes a base material 30. The base material 30 is non-combustible, flat, and harder than the functional material 20. The base material 30 is formed of a plurality of base members 35. The base member 35 is, for example, rectangular in front view, and may be a gypsum board or a calcium silicate board. The thickness of the base member 35 may be, for example, 5 mm or more and 30 mm or less, preferably 9 mm or more and 21 mm or less, but is not limited thereto. The base member 35 is preferably certified by the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism as conforming to the provisions of Article 2, item 9 of the Building Standards Act and Article 108-2 of the Enforcement Order of the Act (non-combustible materials) based on the provisions of Article 68-26, paragraph 1 of the Building Standards Act.

(5) Heat Insulation Material 40
The functional material-installed structure 1 preferably includes a heat insulating material 40. The heat insulating material 40 improves the heat insulating properties of the functional material-installed structure 1. In other words, the heat insulating material 40 is intended to reduce the amount of heat passing through the functional material-installed structure 1 in the front-rear direction. Here, heat insulating properties refer to the ability to reduce the flow of heat in and out.

The heat insulating material 40 is preferably formed of a material having high fire resistance and non-combustibility. For example, the heat insulating material 40 is formed of a fiber-based heat insulating material such as an artificial mineral fiber-based heat insulating material (e.g., rock wool or glass wool). The heat insulating material 40 may be in the form of a board or cotton, but is not limited thereto. The density of the heat insulating material 40 is 10 kg/m ³ or more and 32 kg/m ³ or less, preferably 15 kg/m ³ or more and 25 kg/m ³ or less, and the thickness is 50 mm or more and 150 mm or less, preferably 80 mm or more and 120 mm or less. If the density and thickness of the heat insulating material 40 are within the above-mentioned predetermined ranges, the heat insulating performance is not easily impaired, and the retention of heat inside can be reduced.

(6) Support material 50
The functional material construction 1 preferably includes a plurality of support materials 50. As shown in Fig. 4, the decorative material 10 and the base material 30 are attached to the support material 50 to support them. The support material 50 is a member that is long in the vertical direction, and is formed as, for example, a furring strip. The support material 50 is made of metal, and is made, for example, from a C-shaped steel (a channel steel with a lip). In addition, the support material 50 is made from shaped steel of various cross-sectional shapes, for example, from a square steel pipe, a channel steel, etc.

The support material 50 has an attachment portion 51. The attachment portion 51 is formed in a flat plate shape that is long in the vertical direction. The base material 30 is attached to the attachment portion 51. The support material 50 has an opposing portion 52. The opposing portion 52 is formed in a flat plate that is long in the vertical direction. The opposing portion 52 is located behind the attachment portion 51 and faces the attachment portion 51. The support material 50 has a connecting portion 53. The connecting portion 53 is formed in a flat plate that is long in the vertical direction. One end of the connecting portion 53 in the short side (width) direction is connected to one end of the attachment portion 51 in the short side (width) direction over its entire length. The other end of the connecting portion 53 in the short side (width) direction is connected to one end of the opposing portion 52 in the short side (width) direction over its entire length. A reinforcing portion 55 is provided over the entire vertical length of the support material 50 at the end of the attachment portion 51 opposite the connecting portion 53 side and at the end of the opposing portion 52 opposite the connecting portion 53 side.

(7) Overall Structure The exterior wall structure 2 formed as the functional material installed structure 1 is constructed as follows.

As shown in FIG. 6, multiple support materials 50 are provided on the upper side of a foundation 63 via a base 64. The multiple support materials 50 are arranged in the left-right direction, one at a time and at a predetermined interval. Two or more support materials 50 may also be combined and arranged. When combining two support materials 50, the outer surfaces of the respective joints 53 can be joined together.

A number of base members 35 are attached in front of the number of support members 50. The number of base members 35 are arranged in a line in the vertical and horizontal directions. The base members 35 adjacent in the vertical direction are attached by butting the lower end of the upper base member 35 against the upper end of the lower base member 35. The base members 35 adjacent in the horizontal direction are attached by butting the left end of the right base member 35 against the right end of the left base member 35. In other words, the base members 35 arranged vertically are adjacent to each other via the adjacent portion 31, and the base members 35 arranged horizontally are adjacent to each other via the adjacent portion 32. Each base member 35 is attached and fixed to the mounting portion 51 of the support member 50 with fasteners 33 such as screws or nails.

The adjacent portions 32 of the base members 35 arranged in the left-right direction are desirably positioned in front of the mounting portion 51 of the support material 50. This makes it difficult for the fire resistance to be impaired even if the base members 35 deform during a fire and gaps form in the adjacent portions 32, because they are blocked by the mounting portion 51. In addition, although the rectangular base members 35 are installed horizontally in this embodiment, they may also be installed vertically.

The heat insulating material 40 is disposed on the rear surface (rear surface) of the base material 30. The multiple heat insulating materials 40 are disposed between adjacent support materials 50. The heat insulating material 40 may be fixed by bonding to the rear surface of the base material 30 with an adhesive or the like. In addition to bonding, the heat insulating material 40 can also be fixed to the base material 30 with adhesive tape. It is preferable that the heat insulating material 40 is in close contact with the rear surface of the base material 30. This prevents a space that communicates vertically between the base material 30 and the heat insulating material 40, and prevents the heat transmitted from the base material 30 from moving vertically between the base material 30 and the heat insulating material 40. In addition, when the support material 50 is made of wood, it may be fixed to the support material 50 with a tacker or the like. In addition, the heat insulating material 40 can be fixed to the support material 50 with adhesive tape.

As shown in Figures 7, 8A, and 8B, the functional material 20 is disposed on the front side of the base material 30. The functional material 20 is formed of a plurality of sheet members 27, and therefore the plurality of sheet members 27 are disposed side by side vertically and horizontally. The sheet members 27 are fixed to the base material 30 by a fixing device 23 such as a tacker.

The sheet members 27 are applied so that the ends 26 of adjacent sheet members 27 in the functional material 20 overlap each other. Therefore, the functional material 20 has a thick portion 21 formed by overlapping the ends 26 of the sheet members 27. In this embodiment, the thick portion 21 has a double-layered portion 212 formed by overlapping the upper end 26a and the lower end 26b of the sheet members 27 adjacent to each other in the vertical direction.

After the functional material 20 is applied, as described below, the multiple fasteners 80 are arranged so as to overlap the front surface of the functional material 20. At this time, in this embodiment, as described above, each of the multiple fasteners 80 is arranged so that the arrangement height is within 2 mm, or so as not to overlap the thick portion 21.

8A and 8B, the mark portion 22 is provided on the surface of the sheet member 27. The mark portion 22 serves as a guide when attaching the sheet member 27 to the base material 30. For example, the mark portion 22 is formed in a long line in the left-right direction, and the worker fixes the sheet member 27 with the fixing device 23 while aligning the mark portion 22 with the adjacent portion 31. The overlap dimension of the adjacent sheet members 27 can also be adjusted using the mark portion 22 as a guide. The mark portion 22 can also be formed as a broken line, and the interval between the broken lines can be equal, for example, 100 mm. In this case, the sheet member 27 can be installed using the interval between the broken lines as a guide. Furthermore, the broken line of the mark portion 22 can be formed in a position that is linearly symmetrical with respect to the center of the sheet member 27 in the width direction so as to coincide with the broken line of the other mark portion 22 in the width direction, and the broken lines of the linearly symmetrical mark portions 22 can be aligned with each other to serve as a guide when cutting the sheet member 27 at a right angle.

For example, as shown in FIG. 11A, the thick portion 21 is formed at a position corresponding to the adjacent portion 31 of the base member 35 adjacent vertically. The thick portion 21 is formed by overlapping the end portions 26 of the sheet member 27. Also, without being limited to this, for example, as shown in FIG. 11B, by folding back the end portion 26 of the sheet member 27, the portion where the sheet member 27 is overlapped twice can be formed as the thick portion 21. The overlapped portion in FIG. 11B constitutes the double-layered portion 212. That is, the portion where the sheet member 27 is overlapped twice by folding back one sheet member 27 is regarded as the portion where two sheet members 27 are overlapped. Also, as shown in FIG. 11C, a short piece of another functional material (fireproof sheet member) 25 can be overlapped on the surface of the functional material 20, and the portion where the two sheet-like functional materials 20 are overlapped can be formed as the thick portion 21. The portion where the two sheet-like functional materials 20 are overlapped in FIG. 11C also constitutes the double-layered portion 212. The thick portion 21 is formed in the functional material 20 at a portion that corresponds to the boundary between adjacent base members 35, and is preferably provided at least in a portion that does not face the support material 50.

The functional material 20 (sheet member 27) has been described as a roll-shaped long sheet as an example, but it is not limited to this, and the functional material 20 (sheet member 27) may be slightly larger than the base member 35. For example, as shown in FIG. 8B, a rectangular base member 35 and a rectangular sheet member 27 are used, and the base member 35 is installed horizontally. The rectangular base member 35 and the rectangular sheet member 27 have approximately the same long side dimensions, and the rectangular sheet member 27 is longer than the rectangular base member 35. As an example, the rectangular base member 35 is 1820 mm (long side) x 606 mm (short side), and the rectangular sheet member 27 is 1820 mm (long side) x 700 mm (short side). Installation using the rectangular base member 35 and the rectangular sheet member 27 will be described. Installation of the rectangular base member 35 and the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 65 described below is omitted because they are similar.

A plurality of rectangular base members 35 are attached to the front of the support member 50 by butting them vertically and horizontally, and it is desirable that the adjacent portions 32 of the base members 35 arranged in the left-right direction are positioned in front of the mounting portion 51 of the support member 50. Then, a rectangular sheet member 27 is fixed to the front of the rectangular base member 35 with a tacker. At that time, the short side of the rectangular base member 35 and the short side of the rectangular sheet member 27 are approximately aligned. On the other hand, the long side of the rectangular base member 35 and the long side of the rectangular sheet member 27 do not match, and the upper and lower long sides of the rectangular sheet member 27 extend above and below the upper and lower long sides of the rectangular base member 35 by approximately the same amount. That is, the upper end 26a of the rectangular sheet member 27 is located above the upper long side of the rectangular base member 35, and the lower end 26b of the rectangular sheet member 27 is located below the lower long side of the rectangular base member 35. When applying the rectangular sheet member 27 at the bottom, the lower long side of the rectangular base member 35 may be aligned with the lower long side of the rectangular sheet member 27, and the rectangular sheet member 27 may extend only above the upper long side of the rectangular base member 35. When applying the rectangular sheet member 27 to the surface of the rectangular base member 35 in this manner, the mark portion 22 provided on the rectangular sheet member 27 can be used as a guide when attaching it to the base member 30, as described above. As shown in FIG. 9, the adjacent positions (boundaries) 29 of the sheet members 27 arranged in the left-right direction may be shifted left or right from the adjacent portions 32 of the support material 50 and the base members 35 arranged in the left-right direction.

The rectangular sheet members 27 can be installed from the bottom up, so that the two protruding portions overlap at the front (surface side). This overlapping portion is formed as a thick portion 21. When this thick portion 21 is positioned in front of the adjacent portion 31 of the rectangular base member 35, fire resistance can be improved. In addition, in this embodiment, the abutting portion of the short side of the rectangular base member 35 and the abutting portion of the short side of the rectangular sheet member 27 are approximately aligned in the front-to-back direction, but this is not limited to the above, and each abutting portion may be offset in the left-to-right direction.

In this way, by making the base member 35 and the sheet member 27 similar in size, construction, packaging, transportation, and the like can be improved. Note that in this embodiment, the rectangular base member 35 is constructed horizontally, but it may also be constructed vertically. In this case, the rectangular sheet member 27 has short sides that are approximately the same size as the short sides of the rectangular base member 35, and long sides that are longer than the long sides of the rectangular base member 35.

In this embodiment, after the functional material 20 is attached to the entire surface of the base material 30, a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 65 is attached to the front surface of the functional material 20 before the fasteners 80 are applied. The moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 65 is a sheet that allows moisture to pass through but does not allow water droplets to pass through. The moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 65 is also attached with a fastener such as a stapler. The moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 65 is attached to the entire surface of the functional material 20. Note that a moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet may be provided instead of the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 65.

Next, multiple fasteners 80 are arranged so as to overlap the functional material 20. In this embodiment, multiple fasteners 80 are arranged in front of the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 65. The fasteners 80 are arranged on the front surface of the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 65. In this embodiment, the support material 50 includes a fastener support material 501, and the fasteners 80 are fixed to the fastener support material 501 with fasteners 86 such as screws. In this way, the multiple fasteners 80 are overlapped on the functional material 20 via the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 65.

When installing the fasteners 80, in this embodiment, as described above, each of the multiple fasteners 80 is arranged so that the arrangement height is within 2 mm, or so as not to overlap the thick portion 21. This makes it difficult for the front-to-rear position of each fastener 80 to be excessively raised forward by the thick portion 21, and therefore makes it difficult for misalignment in the front-to-rear direction to occur between the multiple fasteners 80.

As shown in FIG. 10, the decorative material 10 is attached to the front of the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 65 by being held by a fastener 80. A plurality of decorative materials 10 are arranged, and each decorative material 10 is held by a plurality of fasteners 80. That is, the upper end of the decorative material 10 is hooked and held by the fastener 80 arranged on the upper side of the decorative material 10, and the lower end of the decorative material 10 is hooked and held by the fastener 80 arranged on the lower side of the decorative material 10. Also, the decorative materials 10 adjacent vertically are connected by the actual joint of the actual convex portion 102 and the actual concave portion 101. Also, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 10, a joint material 81 is arranged between the decorative materials 10 adjacent in the left-right direction. A sealing material 83 is provided in front of the joint material 81. Also, a water drainage material 84 is provided below the lowest decorative material 10. And, a ventilation layer 85 is formed behind the decorative material 10. That is, the ventilation layer 85 is formed between the rear surface of the decorative material 10 and the front surface of the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 65.

In this embodiment, as described above, the multiple fasteners 80 are unlikely to be misaligned relative to one another in the front-to-rear direction. Therefore, the decorative material 10 is also unlikely to be misaligned in the front-to-rear direction, so that the appearance is unlikely to deteriorate due to misalignment, and the waterproofing between adjacent decorative materials 10 is unlikely to decrease. In addition, the workability is good when the decorative material 10 is held by the fasteners 80 and applied.

The thick portion 21 is also provided as a highly fire-resistant portion 24. The highly fire-resistant portion 24 is a portion of the thermally foamable sheet 240 that is disposed at a location corresponding to the adjacent portion of the outer fire-resistant board 230, and has higher fire resistance than other portions. In other words, the thick portion 21 may be disposed at a location corresponding to the adjacent portion of the outer fire-resistant board 230 on the thermally foamable sheet 240.

It is preferable that the joints of adjacent decorative materials 10 and the joints of adjacent base members 35 are shifted so as not to overlap when viewed from the front. In other words, it is preferable that the position of the sealing material 83 between adjacent decorative materials 10 in the left-right direction and the position of the adjacent portion 32 of the base member 35 adjacent in the left-right direction are shifted so as not to overlap when viewed from the front. It is also preferable that the position of the adjacent portion 11 of the decorative materials 10 adjacent in the vertical direction and the position of the adjacent portion 31 of the base member 35 adjacent in the vertical direction are shifted so as not to overlap when viewed from the front. In this case, even if a flame penetrates the joints and adjacent portions 11 of the adjacent decorative materials 10 from the front, the flame is less likely to directly penetrate the joints and adjacent portions 31 of the adjacent base member 35, thereby improving fire resistance. However, if the joints of the decorative materials 10 adjacent in the left-right direction and the joints of the base member 35 adjacent in the left-right direction coincide with the support material 50 when viewed from the front, it is not necessary to shift both joints.

In the functional material construction structure 1 (exterior wall structure 2) formed as described above, when the sheet member 27 is a thermally foamable sheet 240 and the functional material 20 has foamability, in the event of a fire, the decorative material 10 is heated from the outdoor side, and the functional material 20 foams and expands, expanding within the ventilation layer 85. That is, the ventilation layer 85 is formed as a foaming space 88 for the functional material 20 to foam and expand. As a result, the heat-shielding effect and flame-shielding effect of the foamed and expanded functional material 20 can reduce the penetration of flames and heat from the outdoors to the indoors, thereby improving fire resistance, and the foamed and expanded functional material 20 does not form a space that communicates vertically between the decorative material 10 and the base material 30, so that the heat can be prevented from moving vertically between the decorative material 10 and the base material 30. In addition, by providing the functional material 20 behind the decorative material 10, the functional material 20 is not required to have high weather resistance or water resistance, and fire resistance can be improved. In addition, since the functional material 20 is a thin material in the absence of a fire, it does not obstruct the ventilation layer 85 under normal circumstances, and the front-to-back dimension of the functional material construction structure 1 (the dimension from the decorative material 10 to the base material 30) is less likely to become large compared to conventional structures. Furthermore, by providing the insulating material 40, heat is less likely to be transmitted behind the base material 30 (toward the interior), which further improves fire resistance.

(Embodiment 2)
The functional material construction structure 1 of this embodiment shown in Fig. 12 is provided with a filler 54 on a support material 50. Hereinafter, the same components as those in the first embodiment will be denoted by the same reference numerals and will not be described as appropriate. The components described in the second embodiment can be applied in appropriate combination with the components described in the first embodiment.

The filler 54 fills the hollow portion 56, which is the space inside the support material 50, and the hollow portion 56 is blocked by the filler 54. In other words, the filler 54 blocks the vertical communication of the hollow portion 56, which is the space surrounded by the mounting portion 51, the opposing portion 52, the joining portion 53, and the reinforcing portion 55 of the support material 50. By filling and blocking the hollow portion 56 of the support material 50 with the filler 54 in this way, less heat is transferred through the hollow portion 56, and fire resistance can be improved.

The filler 54 can be formed by extending the insulation material 40. In other words, the filler 54 is made of the same material as the insulation material 40, a fibrous insulation material such as rock wool or glass wool. In this case, the filler 54 insulates the heat in the event of a fire, making it difficult for it to be transmitted, reducing the transmission of heat to the indoor side and improving fire resistance. In addition, the filler 54 can be applied in the same process as attaching the insulation material 40 to the base material 30, which allows for cost reductions through the sharing of parts and simplification of work.

(Embodiment 3)
The functional material construction structure 1 according to this embodiment differs from the functional material construction structure 1 according to the first or second embodiment in the configuration on the indoor side (room side) of the base material 30. Hereinafter, the same configuration as in the first or second embodiment will be given the same reference numerals and the description will be omitted as appropriate. The configuration described in the third embodiment can be applied in appropriate combination with the configuration described in the first or second embodiment (including the modified example).

As shown in Figures 15 and 16, in the functional material construction structure 1 according to this embodiment, an inner fireproof board 210, a metal support material 50, a base material 30, a functional material 20, a foam space 88, and a decorative material 260 are arranged in this order from the indoor side to the outdoor side.

In this embodiment, the base material 30 is composed of an outer fireproof board 230. The inner fireproof board 210 can be the same as the "base material 35" in embodiments 1 and 2.

Here, the "indoor side" and "outdoor side" in this embodiment correspond to the "indoor side" and "outdoor side" in embodiments 1 and 2, respectively.

The metallic support member 50 includes a vertical support member 221, a runner 222, and an inner vertical support member (stud) 223. In FIG. 15, the support member 50 is U-shaped when viewed in the longitudinal direction, but is not limited to this and may be L-shaped.

The runner 222 is located on the interior side of the vertical support member 221. The runner 222 includes an upper runner (not shown) and a lower runner 225. The upper runner is arranged on the ceiling surface. The lower runner 225 is arranged on the floor surface. The upper runner is formed of a channel material (rail material) with a substantially U-shaped cross section that opens downward. The lower runner 225 is formed of a channel material (rail material) with a substantially U-shaped cross section that opens upward. Each runner 222 is formed long in the left-right direction (substantially horizontal direction) when the indoor side or outdoor side of the functional material construction structure 1 is viewed from the front. The upper runner may be fixed to the ceiling surface or may be fixed to the vertical support member 221. The lower runner may be fixed to the floor surface or may be fixed to the vertical support member 221.

There are multiple inner vertical support members 223, and each inner vertical support member 223 is formed of a channel material (rail material) with a roughly U-shaped cross section that opens to the side. Each inner vertical support member 223 is formed long in the up-down direction (roughly vertical direction). The ends of each inner vertical support member 223 are held by the runner 222. The upper end of each inner vertical support member 223 is inserted into and held by the upper runner. The lower end of each inner vertical support member 223 is inserted into and held by the lower runner 225. The inner vertical support member 223 may also have a roughly R-shaped cross section.

The outer fireproof board 230 (base member 35) is preferably a gypsum board with a thickness of 15 mm or more.

As in the first and second embodiments, the functional material 20 is made of a sheet member 27 and has a thick portion 21. The size of the sheet member 27 is required to be slightly larger than the outer dimensions of the outer fireproof board 230 and to allow overlapping of the vertical and horizontal sides.

The functional material construction structure 1 of this embodiment is configured by removing the insulation material 40 located on the indoor side (room side) of the base material 30 from the structure of embodiments 1 and 2, and adding a runner 222 and an inner vertical support material 223. In other respects, the functional material construction structure 1 of this embodiment is substantially the same as the functional material construction structure 1 of embodiments 1 and 2.

In the functional material construction structure 1 of this embodiment, multiple vertical support members 221 are provided on the upper side of the foundation 63 via the base 64. The multiple vertical support members 221 are arranged in the left-right direction at a predetermined interval. Multiple outer fireproof boards 230 are attached in front of the multiple vertical support members 221 (outside the room). The multiple outer fireproof boards 230 are arranged in a row in the vertical and left-right directions. The vertically adjacent outer fireproof boards 230 are attached by butting the lower end of the upper outer fireproof board 230 with the upper end of the lower outer fireproof board 230. The horizontally adjacent outer fireproof boards 230 are attached by butting the left end of the right outer fireproof board 230 with the right end of the left outer fireproof board 230. Each outer fireproof board 230 is attached and fixed to the mounting portion 51 of the vertical support member 221 with a fixing tool such as a screw or a nail. The multiple outer fireproof boards 230 form a base material 30 similar to that shown in FIG. 6.

The outer fireproof boards 230 arranged in the left-right direction are butted against each other at their vertical sides 231 to form vertical side butt sections 234. The vertical side butt sections 234 are preferably positioned in front of the mounting sections 51 of the vertical support members 221. This prevents loss of fire resistance even if the outer fireproof boards 230 are deformed during a fire and gaps form in the vertical side butt sections 234, as these are blocked by the mounting sections 51. In this embodiment, the rectangular outer fireproof boards 230 are installed horizontally, but they may also be installed vertically.

On the outdoor side of the outer fireproof board 230 fixed to the vertical support member 221, the sheet member 27 is arranged in the same manner as in the case shown in FIG. 7. The sheet member 27 is, for example, a thermally foamable sheet 240. The sheet members 27 are arranged side by side, vertically and horizontally. The sheet members 27 are fixed to the outer fireproof board 230 with a fixing device such as a tacker. Here, it is preferable that the surface of the sheet member 27 is provided with a mark portion similar to the mark portion 22 shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9. This serves as a guide when attaching the sheet member 27 to the outer fireproof board 230.

The horizontal end portions 241 of the sheet members 27 located above and below are overlapped at positions corresponding to the horizontal abutment portions 233 of the vertically adjacent outer fireproof boards 230. This forms the thick portion 21. The vertical dimension L1 of the thick portion 21 (overlapping dimension of the horizontal end portions 241) can be 50 mm or more. The thick portion 21 may be formed not only in the portion corresponding to the adjacent portion of the vertically adjacent outer fireproof boards 230, but also in the portion corresponding to the adjacent portion of the horizontally adjacent outer fireproof boards 230. The thick portion 21 may be formed in the portion corresponding to the boundary (abutment portion) between the horizontally adjacent outer fireproof boards 230 as well as the vertically adjacent outer fireproof boards 230.

The long sides of the rectangular outer fireproof board 230 and the rectangular sheet member 27 do not coincide with each other, and the upper and lower long sides of the rectangular sheet member 27 can extend above and below the upper and lower long sides of the rectangular outer fireproof board 230 by approximately the same distance. In this case, the upper end of the rectangular sheet member 27 is located above the upper long side of the rectangular outer fireproof board 230, and the lower end of the rectangular sheet member 27 is located below the lower long side of the rectangular outer fireproof board 230.

When installing the lowermost rectangular sheet member 27, the lower long side of the rectangular outer fireproof board 230 may be aligned with the lower long side of the rectangular sheet member 27, and the rectangular sheet member 27 may extend only above the upper long side of the rectangular outer fireproof board 230. A base drain 84 is placed on the outdoor side of the lowermost sheet member 27, and the lower end of the waterproof layer 270 is positioned on the outdoor side of the upper part of the base drain 84. The waterproof layer 270 is placed by fixing a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 271 to the outdoor side of the sheet member 27 with a fastener such as a tacker.

The short sides of the rectangular outer fireproof board 230 and the short sides of the rectangular sheet member 27 may be roughly aligned, or the vertical end portions 242 of the sheet members 27 adjacent in the left-right direction may be overlapped. In this case, the thick portion 21 is formed at the overlapping portion of the vertical end portions 242 of the sheet members 27. The left-right dimension of the thick portion 21 (overlapping dimension of the vertical end portions 242) L2 may be 50 mm or more. This makes it less likely that gaps will form between the left and right foam layers when foaming occurs during a fire, etc., improving fire resistance.

When the rectangular sheet member 27 is applied to the surface of the rectangular outer fireproof board 230 in this manner, the mark portion 22 provided on the rectangular sheet member 27 can be used as a guide when attaching it to the outer fireproof board 230, as described above. Note that the adjacent positions of the sheet members 27 aligned in the left-right direction may be shifted to the left or right from the adjacent portions of the vertical support member 221 and the outer fireproof boards 230 aligned in the left-right direction.

The rectangular sheet members 27 can be installed from the bottom up, so that the two protruding parts overlap at the front (surface side). This overlapping part is formed as a thick section 21, and is located on the exterior side of the adjacent part of the rectangular outer fire-resistant board 230, improving fire resistance. In addition, the butted part of the short side of the rectangular outer fire-resistant board 230 and the butted part of the short side of the rectangular sheet member 27 may be roughly aligned in the front-to-back direction, or the butted parts may be misaligned in the left-to-right direction.

In the above, the thick portion 21 is disposed as the high fire resistance portion 24 having higher fire resistance than other portions at the portion of the sheet member 27 corresponding to the adjacent portion of the outer fireproof board 230, but an element other than the thick portion 21 may be provided as the high fire resistance portion 24. For example, the high fire resistance portion 24 may be a part of the sheet member 27 and may have higher fire resistance than other portions. Therefore, the portion corresponding to the adjacent portion of the sheet member 27 may have a lower thermal conductivity than other portions, for example, and a functional material having a lower thermal conductivity than other portions may be provided at the portion corresponding to the adjacent portion of the sheet member 27, and the portion provided with the functional material having a lower thermal conductivity may be formed as the high fire resistance portion 24. Alternatively, when the sheet member 27 is a foamed sheet material, the portion corresponding to the adjacent portion of the sheet member 27 may not be thicker than other portions, and for example, the portion corresponding to the adjacent portion of the sheet member 27 may be formed as the high fire resistance portion 24 by configuring the portion corresponding to the adjacent portion of the sheet member 27 to have a higher proportion of independent bubbles than the proportion of independent bubbles at the other portions during foaming. Also, for example, the foaming ratio in the area corresponding to the adjacent portion of the sheet member 27 may be configured to be higher than the foaming ratio in other areas.

After the functional material 20, which is composed of the sheet member 27, is attached to the entire surface of the base material 30, a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 65 is attached to the outdoor side of the functional material 20 in the same manner as in FIG. 10. The moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 65 is a sheet that allows moisture to pass through but does not allow water droplets to pass through. The moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 65 is also attached with a fastener such as a stapler. The moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 65 is attached to the entire surface of the functional material 20. It is to be noted that a waterproof sheet that does not allow moisture or water droplets to pass through may also be used.

A plurality of fasteners 80 are arranged on the outdoor side of the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 65. The fasteners 80 are arranged on the outdoor side of the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 65. As a result, the plurality of fasteners 80 are arranged so as to be superimposed on the functional material 20 via the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 65. In this embodiment, the support material 50 also includes a fastener support material 501, and the fasteners 80 are fixed to the fastener support material 501 by fixing devices 86 such as screws. As a result, the plurality of fasteners 80 are superimposed on the functional material 20 via the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 65.

In this embodiment, when the fasteners 80 are installed, each of the fasteners 80 is arranged so that the arrangement height is within 2 mm, or so that it does not overlap the thick portion 21. Therefore, the fasteners 80 are less likely to be misaligned relative to each other in the front-to-rear direction.

The decorative material 10 is attached to the outdoor side of the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 65 by fasteners 80. A plurality of decorative materials 10 are arranged, and each decorative material 10 is held by a plurality of fasteners 80. The upper end of the decorative material 10 is hooked and held by the fasteners 80 arranged on the upper side of the decorative material 10, and the lower end of the decorative material 10 is hooked and held by the fasteners 80 arranged on the lower side of the decorative material 10. In addition, the decorative materials 10 adjacent vertically are connected by actual joints of the actual convex parts and actual concave parts. In addition, as in the case shown in Figures 4 and 10, a joint material 81 is arranged between the decorative materials 10 adjacent in the left-right direction. A sealing material 83 is provided on the outdoor side of the joint material 81. In addition, a water drainage material 84 is provided below the lowest decorative material 10. And, a ventilation layer 85 is formed on the indoor side of the decorative material 10. The ventilation layer 85 is formed between the rear surface (indoor side) of the decorative material 10 and the front surface (outdoor side) of the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 65. In this embodiment, the fasteners 80 are also less likely to be misaligned relative to one another in the front-to-rear direction, and the decorative material 10 is also less likely to be misaligned in the front-to-rear direction, so there is less risk of the appearance being adversely affected by misalignment and the waterproofing between adjacent decorative materials 10 decreasing. In addition, the ease of application is good when the decorative material 10 is held by the fasteners 80 during application.

It is preferable that the positions of the adjacent parts of the decorative materials 10 adjacent in the vertical direction and the positions of the adjacent parts of the outer fire-resistant boards 230 adjacent in the vertical direction are shifted so as not to overlap when viewed from the front. It is also preferable that the joints of the adjacent decorative materials 10 and the joints of the adjacent outer fire-resistant boards 230 are shifted so as not to overlap when viewed from the front. In other words, it is preferable that the position of the sealing material 83 between the decorative materials 10 adjacent in the horizontal direction and the position of the adjacent parts of the outer fire-resistant boards 230 adjacent in the horizontal direction are shifted so as not to overlap when viewed from the front. In this case, even if a flame penetrates the joints and adjacent parts of the adjacent decorative materials 10 from the outside, the flame is less likely to directly penetrate the joints and adjacent parts of the adjacent outer fire-resistant boards 230, improving fire resistance. In addition, it is preferable that the joints of the decorative materials 10 adjacent in the left-right direction and the vertical side abutment parts of the outer fireproof boards 230 adjacent in the left-right direction are aligned with the vertical support members 221 when viewed from the front. The joints and the vertical side abutment parts may be aligned with the same vertical support member 221, or the joints and the vertical side abutment parts may be aligned with different vertical support members 221.

A runner 222 and a plurality of inner vertical support members 223 are arranged on the indoor side of the vertical support member 221. Of the runners 222, the upper runner is arranged on the ceiling surface, and the lower runner 225 is arranged on the floor surface. The upper end of each inner vertical support member 223 is inserted and held in the upper runner. The lower end of each inner vertical support member 223 is inserted and held in the lower runner 225. Then, a plurality of inner fireproof boards 210 are fixed to at least one of the runner 222 and the plurality of inner vertical support members 223 with fasteners 224 such as screws or nails. The plurality of inner fireproof boards 210 are arranged in a line in the vertical and horizontal directions. The ends of the inner fireproof boards 210 adjacent in the vertical and horizontal directions are arranged to butt against each other. The upper runner may be fixed to the ceiling surface or may be fixed to the vertical support member 221. The lower runner may be fixed to the floor surface or may be fixed to the vertical support member 221.

In the functional material construction structure 1 formed as described above, the same effects as those of the first and second embodiments can be obtained. That is, in the functional material construction structure 1, if the functional material 20 is particularly a fire-resistant material and the sheet member 27 is particularly a thermally foamable sheet 240, when a fire occurs, the decorative material 10 is heated from the outdoor side, and the thermally foamable sheet 240 foams and expands, forming a foam layer in the ventilation layer 85. The ventilation layer 85 is used as a foaming space 88 for the thermally foamable sheet 240 to foam and expand. As a result, the heat-shielding effect and flame-shielding effect of the foamed and expanded thermally foamable sheet 240 can reduce the penetration of flames and heat from the outdoors to the indoors, thereby improving fire resistance, and the foamed and expanded thermally foamable sheet 240 does not form a space that communicates vertically between the decorative material 10 and the outer fire-resistant board 230, so that the heat can be suppressed from moving vertically between the decorative material 10 and the outer fire-resistant board 230. In addition, by providing the thermal foaming sheet 240 behind the decorative material 10, the thermal foaming sheet 240 is not required to have high weather resistance or water resistance, and fire resistance can be improved. In addition, since the thermal foaming sheet 240 is a thin material in the absence of a fire, it does not obstruct the ventilation layer 85 under normal circumstances, and the dimension in the front-to-rear direction of the functional material construction structure 1 (the dimension from the decorative material 10 to the outer fireproof board 230) is less likely to become large compared to conventional structures. In addition, since the thermal foaming sheet 240 is relatively light compared to the outer fireproof board 230, the burden during construction can be reduced. In addition, in the functional material construction structure 1, by providing the thermal foaming sheet 240, in the event of a fire, the inner fireproof board 210 is heated from the indoor side, and the thermal foaming sheet 240 foams and expands to form a foam layer in the ventilation layer 85. As a result, the heat-shielding effect and flame-shielding effect of the foamed and expanded thermal foaming sheet 240 can reduce the release of flames and heat from indoors to outdoors, thereby improving fire resistance.

Note that while embodiment 3 has been described as a structure that does not use insulating material 40, insulating material 40 may be provided as in embodiment 1 or 2, if necessary.

(Modification)
The first to third embodiments are merely examples of the present disclosure. Various modifications of the first to third embodiments are possible depending on the design and the like as long as the object of the present disclosure can be achieved.

(1) Regarding the functional material-installed structure In the above, an exterior wall structure has been described as the functional material-installed structure 1 of the first to third embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to this. The functional material-installed structure 1 can be applied to, for example, an interior wall structure, a roof structure, a ceiling structure, and the like. In the case of an interior wall structure, the decorative material 10 is an interior wall material such as plywood. In the case of a roof structure, the decorative material 10 is a roof material. In the case of a ceiling structure, the decorative material 10 is a ceiling board.

In addition, in the above-mentioned embodiments 1 and 2, the heat insulating material 40 is provided, but this is not limited, and the heat insulating material 40 may not be provided. In addition, in the above-mentioned embodiment 3, the heat insulating material 40 is not provided, but this is not limited, and the heat insulating material 40 may be provided.

In addition, in the above-mentioned embodiments 1 to 3, for example as shown in FIG. 6, the adjacent portion 32 in the left-right direction of the base member 35 coincides with the support material 50, but this is not limited thereto, and the adjacent portion 32 does not have to coincide with the support material 50. In this case, the portion of the functional material 20 corresponding to the adjacent portion 32 may be formed thicker than other portions of the functional material 20.

In addition, in the above-mentioned embodiments 1 to 3, the decorative material 10 has a "horizontal" structure in which the longitudinal direction is horizontal, but this is not limited thereto, and the decorative material 10 may have a "vertical" structure in which the longitudinal direction is vertical. Note that, when the above-mentioned embodiment is a roof structure, the decorative material is a roof material, and may have either a horizontal structure or a vertical structure.

In addition, in the above embodiments 1 to 3, the base material 30 is formed by applying multiple base members 35, and then the functional material 20 is formed by applying multiple sheet members 27. However, this is not limited to this, and the base members 35 and the sheet members 27 may be integrated in advance (before application) to form the base member 36 with a sheet, and then the multiple base members 36 with a sheet may be applied.

13A and 13B show an example of a sheet-attached base member 36. In the sheet-attached base member 36, a horizontally elongated rectangular sheet member 27 similar to the above is provided on one side (front surface) of a horizontally elongated rectangular base member 35 similar to the above. The left-right dimension of the base member 35 and the left-right dimension of the sheet member 27 are the same, and in a front view, the left end of the base member 35 and the left end of the sheet member 27 coincide with each other, and the right end of the base member 35 and the right end of the sheet member 27 coincide with each other. The vertical dimension of the sheet member 27 is formed longer than the vertical dimension of the base member 35. The tip of the upper end 26a of the sheet member 27 protrudes upward from the upper end surface of the base member 35. The tip of the lower end 26b of the sheet member 27 protrudes downward from the lower end surface of the base member 35. The surface of base member 35 and sheet member 27 are bonded over almost the entire surface, but as shown in FIG. 13A, the lower part of the surface of base member 35 and lower end 26b of sheet member 27 are formed to be separable from each other.

The base material 30 and functional material 20 similar to those described above are formed by arranging a plurality of base members 36 with sheets in the vertical and horizontal directions and attaching them to a support material 50, as shown in FIG. 13C. That is, the base material 30 is formed of a plurality of base members 35, and the functional material 20 is formed of a plurality of sheet members 27. The thick portion 21 of the functional material 20 is formed corresponding to the adjacent portion 31 of the base members 35 adjacent in the vertical direction. The thick portion 21 is formed by overlapping the upper end 26a of the sheet member 27 of the lower base member 36 with sheets and the lower end 26b of the sheet member 27 of the upper base member 36 with sheets. That is, after the upper end of the lower base member 35 and the lower end of the upper base member 35 are butted against each other, the lower end 26b of the upper sheet member 27 is peeled off from the surface of the upper base member 35, and then the upper end 26a of the lower sheet member 27 is inserted between the lower part of the upper base member 35 and the lower end 26b of the upper sheet member 27. After this, the lower end 26b of the upper sheet member 27 is overlapped on the upper end 26a of the lower sheet member 27. In this way, the upper ends 26a and lower ends 26b of the two sheet members 27 overlap to form the thick portion 21. Note that in the portion corresponding to the adjacent portion 32 of the base member 35 adjacent in the left-right direction, the side ends of the sheet members 27 adjacent in the left-right direction are adjacent to each other.

In this example, the thick portion 21 has only a double-layered portion 212 formed by the overlap of the upper end 26a and the lower end 26b. In this example, the left-right dimension of the sheet member 27 may be greater than the left-right dimension of the base member 35. In this case, the side ends of the sheet members 27 adjacent in the left-right direction overlap each other, so that the thick portion 21 is formed corresponding to the adjacent portions 31 of the base members 35 adjacent in the left-right direction, and therefore the thick portion 21 has a double-layered portion 212 and a four-layered portion 214, as in the case shown in FIG. 1. When attaching the multiple fasteners 80, each fastener 80 is arranged so that the arrangement height is within 2 mm, or is arranged so as not to overlap the thick portion 21.

Figure 14A shows another example of a sheet-attached base member 36. Compared to those in Figures 13A and 13B, the sheet member 27 is shifted to one side in the left-right direction relative to the base member 35. That is, for example, the right end of the sheet member 27 protrudes laterally (outside) from the right end face of the base member 35 as a covering portion 28. Therefore, the left end of the surface of the base member 35 is formed as a covering portion 37 that is not covered by the sheet member 27. Conversely, the left end of the sheet member 27 may protrude laterally (outside) from the left end face of the base member 35 as a covering portion 28, and the right end of the surface of the base member 35 may be formed as a covering portion 37 that is not covered by the sheet member 27.

As shown in FIG. 14B, such sheet-attached base members 36 are installed by arranging them vertically and horizontally and attaching them to a support material 50 in the same manner as described above. Then, as described above, the upper end 26a of the sheet member 27 of the lower sheet-attached base member 36 and the lower end 26b of the sheet member 27 of the upper sheet-attached base member 36 overlap, forming a thick portion 21 of the functional material 20 corresponding to the adjacent portion 31 of the vertically adjacent base members 35.

The sheet-attached base members 36 adjacent in the left-right direction are installed by butting the side ends of the base members 35 together, with one base member 35 being the side end from which the covering portion 28 protrudes, and the other base member 35 being the side end on the covering portion 37 side. After the side ends of the base members 35 are butted together, the covering portion 28 of one base member 36 is placed on the surface of the covering portion 37 of the other base member 36. In this case, the adjacent positions (boundaries) 29 and adjacent portions 32 of the sheet members 27 adjacent in the left-right direction do not match when viewed from the front, and the two are offset in the left-right direction. Therefore, the portions corresponding to the adjacent portions 32 of the base members 35 adjacent in the left-right direction are covered by the covering portions 28 of the sheet members 27, making it difficult for flames and heat to penetrate through the gaps in the adjacent portions 32.

In this example, the thick portion 21 only has a double-layered portion 212 formed by the overlap of the upper end 26a and the lower end 26b. Note that, in this example, the left-right dimension of the sheet member 27 may be greater than the left-right dimension of the base member 35. In this case, the thick portion 21 is also formed by the side ends of the sheet members 27 adjacent in the left-right direction overlapping each other, and therefore, the thick portion 21 has a double-layered portion 212 and a four-layered portion 214, as in the case shown in FIG. 1. When attaching the multiple fasteners 80, each fastener 80 is arranged so that the arrangement height is within 2 mm, or is arranged so as not to overlap the thick portion 21.

When the sheet-attached base member 36 is used, the base member 35 and the sheet member 27 can be installed simultaneously in a single operation, improving workability. In addition, there is no need to package and transport the base member 35 and the sheet member 27 separately, improving workability.

(2) Regarding the functional material In each of the above embodiments, the thick portion 21 in the functional material 20 may be formed only by overlapping the upper end of the lower sheet member 27 and the lower end of the upper sheet member 27 of two sheet members 27 adjacent in the vertical direction, and in this case, for example, as shown in Fig. 8B, adjacent sheet members 27 in the horizontal direction may be butted against each other at an adjacent position (border) 29. Also, the thick portion 21 may be formed only by overlapping the side ends of two sheet members 27 adjacent in the horizontal direction, and in that case, adjacent sheet members 27 in the vertical direction may be butted against each other at an adjacent position (border). In any of the above cases, the thick portion 21 has a double-layered portion 212. 1, 2 and 15, the thick-walled portion 21 may have a two-ply portion 212, a three-ply portion 213, or a four-ply portion 214 formed by both an overlap between the upper end of the lower sheet member 27 and the upper end of the upper sheet member 27 of two vertically adjacent sheet members 27 and an overlap between the side ends of two horizontally adjacent sheet members 27. The sheet members 27 may be overlapped in various ways other than those described above. In any case, when attaching the multiple fasteners 80, each fastener 80 is arranged so that the arrangement height is within 2 mm, or is arranged so as not to overlap the thick-walled portion 21.

The thick-walled portion 21 can have both a placement portion and a portion that is thicker than the placement portion. The thick-walled portion 21 may have only a placement portion, that is, the thick-walled portion 21 may have a thickness that is equal to or less than the thickness that defines the placement portion as a whole. For this purpose, when the sheet members 27 are applied, and the thick-walled portion 21 is formed by stacking the sheet members 27, the upper limit of the number of stacked sheet members 27 may be regulated so that the thickness of the thick-walled portion 21 is equal to or less than the thickness that defines the placement portion as a whole. In this case, the multiple fasteners 80 may be placed at a position that overlaps any portion of the functional material 20. The thick-walled portion 21 may not have a placement portion. That is, the thick-walled portion 21 may have a thickness that is equal to or less than the thickness that defines the placement portion as a whole. In this case, the multiple fasteners 80 are placed so that they do not overlap the thick-walled portion 21.

The sheet member 27 may also be provided with a mark portion 22 formed in a long line in the left-right direction to indicate the horizontal position, as well as a mark portion formed in a long line in the up-down direction to indicate the vertical position.

In this embodiment, a fire-resistant sheet (thermally foamable sheet) having fire resistance is described as the sheet member 27 constituting the functional material 20, but this is not limited thereto, and the sheet member 27 may be a functional sheet other than a fire-resistant sheet, such as a breathable waterproof sheet, a waterproof sheet, a heat-insulating sheet, or a sound-insulating sheet.

(3) Regarding the supporting material The supporting material 50 may be a vertical furring strip that is long in the up-down direction, or a horizontal furring strip that is long in the left-right direction.

In this embodiment, the support material 50 includes a fastener support material 501 that supports the fastener 80, but the support material 50 does not have to include the fastener support material 501. In other words, the fastener 80 may be supported by a member other than the support material 50. Also, the support material 50 may include only the fastener support material 501.

(4) Others The functional material-installed structure 1 according to the third embodiment includes the inner fire-resistant board 210 , but the functional material-installed structure 1 in the third embodiment does not necessarily need to include the inner fire-resistant board 210 .

(summary)
The functional material construction structure (1) according to the first embodiment includes a functional material (20), a decorative material (10) facing the functional material (20), and a plurality of fasteners (80) arranged between the functional material (20) and the decorative material (10) so as to overlap the functional material (20) and hold the decorative material (10). The functional material (20) is composed of a plurality of sheet members (27), and the functional material (20) has a thick portion (21) formed by overlapping two or more sheet members (27). Each of the plurality of fasteners (80) is arranged so that the arrangement height in the direction in which the functional material (20) and the decorative material (10) face each other is within 2 mm from a reference plane. The reference plane is a virtual plane including an area on the surface on which the fasteners (80) are installed that does not overlap with the thick portion (21).

According to this embodiment, the functional material (20) can improve the fire resistance of the functional material-installed structure (1). Furthermore, the thick portion (21) makes it difficult for the front-rear position of each fastener (80) to be excessively raised forward, so the appearance of the decorative material is good and the workability of the functional material-installed structure (1) is good.

The functional material construction structure (1) according to the second aspect comprises a functional material (20), a decorative material (10) facing the functional material (20), and a plurality of fasteners (80) arranged between the functional material (20) and the decorative material (10) so as to overlap the functional material (20) and hold the decorative material (10). The functional material (20) is composed of a plurality of sheet members (27), and the functional material (20) has a thick portion (21) formed by overlapping two or more sheet members (27). Each of the plurality of fasteners (80) is arranged so as not to overlap the thick portion (21).

According to this embodiment, the functional material (20) can improve the fire resistance of the functional material-installed structure (1). Furthermore, the thick portion (21) makes it difficult for the front-rear position of each fastener (80) to be excessively raised forward, so the appearance of the decorative material is good and the workability of the functional material-installed structure (1) is good.

The functional material construction structure (1) according to the third aspect further includes a plurality of support materials (50) arranged on the opposite side of the functional material (20) from the decorative material (10) in the first or second aspect. The support materials (50) include fastener support materials (501) that support the fasteners (80).

According to this embodiment, the fastener (80) is supported by the fastener support material (501), making it easier to install the fastener (80).

The functional material construction structure (1) according to the fourth aspect is any one of the first to third aspects, and further includes a base material (30) interposed between the functional material (20) and the support material (50).

According to this embodiment, the functional material (20) can be placed on top of the base material (30), making it easy to apply the functional material (20).

The functional material construction structure (1) according to the fifth aspect is the fourth aspect in which the functional material (20) has foaming properties, and a foaming space (88) is formed between the decorative material (10) and the base material (30).

In this embodiment, the functional material (20) is more likely to foam in the foaming space (88), which makes it easier to reduce the transfer of heat through the functional material (20) in the event of a fire.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 Functional material applied structure 10 Decorative material 20 Functional material 21 Thick wall portion 27 Sheet member 30 Base material 40 Heat insulating material 50 Support material 501 Fastener support material 80 Fastener 88 Foam space

Claims (4)

A functional material;
A decorative material facing the functional material;
a plurality of fasteners arranged between the functional material and the decorative material so as to overlap the functional material and hold the decorative material;
the functional material is composed of a plurality of sheet members, the sheet members are arranged vertically and horizontally, and the functional material has a thick portion formed by overlapping ends of two or more of the sheet members adjacent to each other vertically and horizontally;
Each of the plurality of fasteners is disposed so as not to overlap the thick portion.
Functional material construction structure. The adhesive layer further includes a plurality of support materials disposed on the opposite side of the functional material from the decorative material,
The support includes a fastener support that supports the fastener.
The functional material construction structure according to claim 1. Further comprising a base material interposed between the functional material and the support material.
The functional material construction structure according to claim 2. The functional material has foaming properties,
A foaming space is formed between the decorative material and the base material.
The functional material construction structure according to claim 3.

Images