JP7475072B2 - 水素の製造のための装置 - Google Patents
水素の製造のための装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7475072B2 JP7475072B2 JP2021576861A JP2021576861A JP7475072B2 JP 7475072 B2 JP7475072 B2 JP 7475072B2 JP 2021576861 A JP2021576861 A JP 2021576861A JP 2021576861 A JP2021576861 A JP 2021576861A JP 7475072 B2 JP7475072 B2 JP 7475072B2
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims description 41
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 41
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 39
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000003011 anion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- -1 platinum group metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004693 Polybenzimidazole Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004770 chalcogenides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004714 phosphonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002480 polybenzimidazole Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006380 polyphenylene oxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical class S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 13
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920000554 ionomer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N heavy water Substances [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 229910021193 La 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 159000000011 group IA salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012766 organic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-O sulfonium Chemical compound [SH3+] RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/17—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof
- C25B9/19—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms
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- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
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- C25B11/061—Metal or alloy
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- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
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- C25B11/055—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the substrate or carrier material
- C25B11/057—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the substrate or carrier material consisting of a single element or compound
- C25B11/065—Carbon
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- C25B11/051—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
- C25B11/073—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material
- C25B11/075—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of a single catalytic element or catalytic compound
- C25B11/081—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of a single catalytic element or catalytic compound the element being a noble metal
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- C25B13/00—Diaphragms; Spacing elements
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- C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
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- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
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- C25B9/73—Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type
- C25B9/77—Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type having diaphragms
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
- Electrodes For Compound Or Non-Metal Manufacture (AREA)
Description
アノード: 4OH- → 2H2O + 4e- + O2
カソード: 4H2O + 4e- → 2H2 + 4OH-
アノード:4OH- → 2H2O + 4e- + O2
カソード:4H2O + 4e- → 2H2 + 4OH-
Claims (17)
- 含水液体からの水素と酸素との電解的製造のための装置であって、
アノード電極を含むアノードハーフセルと、
カソード電極を含むカソードハーフセルと、
前記アノードハーフセルと前記カソードハーフセルとの間に位置する陰イオン交換膜(AEM)と、
を有してなり、
前記アノード電極と前記カソード電極と前記AEMとは、MEAを形成し、
前記アノードハーフセルと前記カソードハーフセルとの一方のみに、前記含水液体を供給する手段が設けられ、
少なくとも、他方の、実質的に乾式のハーフセルの電極は、アイオノマフリーおよび/またはバインダフリーであり、
前記AEMは、ポリマ主鎖の架橋を含み、官能基と結合した前記ポリマ主鎖から形成されて、
前記官能基は、アンモニウム塩、スルホニウム塩、ホスホニウム塩、のうちのいずれか1つまたは複数であり、
前記含水液体は、前記アノードハーフセルに供給され、他方の、実質的に乾式の前記ハーフセルは、前記カソードハーフセルである、
ことを特徴とする装置。 - 前記装置は、7以上のpHを有する前記含水液体からの水素と酸素との電解的製造のための装置である、
請求項1記載の装置。 - 前記装置は、12と14との間のpHを有する前記含水液体からの水素と酸素との電解的製造のための装置である、
請求項1記載の装置。 - 前記装置は、0.1%と10%との間のKOHを含む前記含水液体からの水素と酸素との電解的製造のための装置である、
請求項1乃至3のいずれかに記載の装置。 - 前記装置は、40℃乃至80℃の範囲の温度において水素と酸素との電解的製造のための装置である、
請求項1記載の装置。 - 前記電極は、再生可能エネルギの供給源である電源に接続される、
請求項1乃至5のいずれかに記載の装置。 - 前記MEAは、
前記ポリマ主鎖と触媒との間の分子間結合力を改善すること、
より大きな膜厚、または、
上記のいずれかの組み合わせ、
のうちの1つまたは複数により、バインダフリーである、
請求項1乃至6のいずれかに記載の装置。 - 前記装置は、1バールを超える高圧で水素を生成する、
請求項1乃至7のいずれかに記載の装置。 - 前記アノード電極または前記カソード電極のいずれかは、
触媒被覆膜、
触媒被覆基板、または、
直接堆積、
により製造される、
請求項1乃至8のいずれかに記載の装置。 - 前記触媒被覆基板は、
炭素布と、
炭素紙と、
炭素フェルトと、
ステンレス鋼フォームと、
ニッケルベースのフォームと、
のいずれか1つであることができる、
請求項9記載の装置。 - 触媒は、白金族を含まない金属製である、
請求項1乃至10のいずれかに記載の装置。 - 酸素発生反応のためのアノードにおける触媒は、非化学量論的遷移金属酸化物を含む、
請求項1乃至11のいずれかに記載の装置。 - 水素発生反応のためのカソードにおける触媒は、
カルコゲニド、
ニクトゲン化物、
遷移金属硫化物、
遷移金属リン化物、
導電性基板に分散された遷移金属、または、
スピネル構造もしくはペロブスカイト構造を有する他の非化学量論的な遷移金属酸化物または遷移金属錯体、
を含む、
請求項1乃至12のいずれかに記載の装置。 - 前記官能基は、陰イオンを輸送するのに適していて、
前記ポリマ主鎖は、ポリスチレン、ポリスルホン、ポリベンズイミダゾール、ポリフェニレンオキシド、スチレンブタジエンブロック共重合体、ポリエチレンのいずれか1つである、
請求項1乃至13のいずれかに記載の装置。 - 前記ポリマ主鎖と前記官能基との間にスペーサが存在する、
請求項14記載の装置。 - 前記アノード電極と前記カソード電極とは、バインダフリーである、
請求項1乃至15のいずれかに記載の装置。 - 前記アノード電極と前記カソード電極とは、
触媒被覆膜、または、
直接堆積、
により製造される、
請求項1乃至16のいずれかに記載の装置。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB1909232.9 | 2019-06-27 | ||
GB1909232.9A GB2589535B (en) | 2019-06-27 | 2019-06-27 | Device for the production of hydrogen |
PCT/EP2020/067658 WO2020260370A1 (en) | 2019-06-27 | 2020-06-24 | Device for the production of hydrogen |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JP2022541385A JP2022541385A (ja) | 2022-09-26 |
JPWO2020260370A5 JPWO2020260370A5 (ja) | 2023-04-06 |
JP7475072B2 true JP7475072B2 (ja) | 2024-04-26 |
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CN118284720A (zh) * | 2021-11-16 | 2024-07-02 | 赢创运营有限公司 | 电化学电池的结构设计 |
GB2614270A (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2023-07-05 | Enapter S R L | Modular electrochemical system |
DE102022207328A1 (de) | 2022-07-19 | 2024-01-25 | Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Membran und Membran-Elektroden-Einheit für eine elektrochemische Zelle, sowie Elektrolysezelle und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Elektrolysezelle |
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GB2589535A (en) | 2021-06-09 |
GB2589535B (en) | 2024-01-31 |
US20220341046A1 (en) | 2022-10-27 |
CN114391052A (zh) | 2022-04-22 |
GB201909232D0 (en) | 2019-08-14 |
WO2020260370A1 (en) | 2020-12-30 |
AU2020306696A1 (en) | 2022-01-27 |
EP3990682A1 (en) | 2022-05-04 |
EA202193292A1 (ru) | 2022-03-25 |
CA3143893A1 (en) | 2020-12-30 |
JP2022541385A (ja) | 2022-09-26 |
KR20220051161A (ko) | 2022-04-26 |
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