JP7464722B2 - 自動車用クラッシュボックスのための拡径管及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
自動車用クラッシュボックスのための拡径管及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7464722B2 JP7464722B2 JP2022539725A JP2022539725A JP7464722B2 JP 7464722 B2 JP7464722 B2 JP 7464722B2 JP 2022539725 A JP2022539725 A JP 2022539725A JP 2022539725 A JP2022539725 A JP 2022539725A JP 7464722 B2 JP7464722 B2 JP 7464722B2
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 11
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- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000521 B alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- PALQHNLJJQMCIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron;manganese Chemical compound [Mn]#B PALQHNLJJQMCIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R19/00—Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
- B60R19/02—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects
- B60R19/24—Arrangements for mounting bumpers on vehicles
- B60R19/26—Arrangements for mounting bumpers on vehicles comprising yieldable mounting means
- B60R19/34—Arrangements for mounting bumpers on vehicles comprising yieldable mounting means destroyed upon impact, e.g. one-shot type
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
- B21C37/15—Making tubes of special shape; Making tube fittings
- B21C37/16—Making tubes with varying diameter in longitudinal direction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
- B21C37/08—Making tubes with welded or soldered seams
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
- B21C37/08—Making tubes with welded or soldered seams
- B21C37/0803—Making tubes with welded or soldered seams the tubes having a special shape, e.g. polygonal tubes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D41/00—Application of procedures in order to alter the diameter of tube ends
- B21D41/02—Enlarging
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R19/00—Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
- B60R19/02—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects
- B60R19/03—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects characterised by material, e.g. composite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/002—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
- C21D7/02—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
- C21D7/10—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the whole cross-section, e.g. of concrete reinforcing bars
- C21D7/12—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the whole cross-section, e.g. of concrete reinforcing bars by expanding tubular bodies
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/08—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/50—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for welded joints
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F7/00—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers
- F16F7/12—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using plastic deformation of members
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/001—Austenite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2221/00—Treating localised areas of an article
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
- Vibration Dampers (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
- Motor Power Transmission Devices (AREA)
- Making Paper Articles (AREA)
Description
図1は、製造後の拡径管クラッシュボックスの側面図を例示する。点線は、長手方向対称軸を示す。本発明のこの実施形態では、横方向に対称的な3つのゾーン(1)、(2)、(3)があり、それにより、最小直径d1を有するゾーン1(1)が中心ゾーンに位置している。中心から長手方向の両外側に向かって、これらのゾーンの直径が増加しており、ゾーン2(2)及びゾーン3(3)で示されている。
Claims (15)
- 車両の長手方向軸に作用方向を有する自動車用クラッシュボックスであって、構成部品は、成形後であってもひずみ硬化効果を備えた均質なオーステナイト系微細構造を有するオーステナイト鋼製の管から製造され、前記管は、成形プロセスによって、異なる材料強度及び異なる幾何学的形状を有する少なくとも2つのゾーンを有する拡径管に拡径されていることを特徴とする、自動車用クラッシュボックス。
- 前記ゾーンは、強度[N/mm2]と直径[mm]との比率が6.0~9.0N/mm3であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の自動車用クラッシュボックス。
- 異なるゾーン間は、ΔRm≧75MPa、好ましくはΔRm≧120MPaの最小強度デルタであることを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載の自動車用クラッシュボックス。
- 前記ゾーンのそれぞれは、各ゾーンの直径に反比例する折り畳み性を有することを特徴とする、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の自動車用クラッシュボックス。
- 前記拡径管は、衝撃後に、好ましくは、LB≧80mm、より好ましくはLB≧100mmであるシステムのブロック長に達することによって、残存安全領域を提供するように構成されていることを特徴とする、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の自動車用クラッシュボックス。
- 長手方向の中心は、鏡軸として機能し、前記ゾーンのそれぞれは、外側から中心へ向かって、各ゾーンの直径が、前記中心に向かって減少するような特性を示すことを特徴とする、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の自動車用クラッシュボックス。
- 前記管は、長手方向の溶接管として、好ましくは高周波溶接によって製造されることを特徴とする、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の自動車用クラッシュボックスを製造するための方法。
- 前記管は、機械的ドリフト拡径プロセス機において機械的ドリフト拡径プロセスによって拡径されることを特徴とする、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記機械的ドリフト拡径プロセス機は、前記クラッシュボックスの少なくとも2つの異なるゾーンに対して少なくとも2つの異なる拡径マンドレルを使用することを特徴とする、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記機械的ドリフト拡径プロセス機は、対称的なクラッシュボックスを作成するための鏡像の長手方向軸を有することを特徴とする、請求項8または9に記載の方法。
- 前記管は、初期降伏強度Rp0.2≧380MPa及び初期伸びA80≧40%を有するひずみ硬化性完全オーステナイト鋼、好ましくはオーステナイト系ステンレス鋼から製造されることを特徴とする、請求項7~10のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記拡径管の少なくとも1つの端部は、前記管の前記端部の周囲にフランジを提供するように広げられており、前記フランジは、前記拡径管の前記長手方向軸及びその作用方向に対して本質的に垂直であり、前記フランジは、前記クラッシュボックスを隣接する車両部品に取り付けるための表面を提供することを特徴とする、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の自動車用クラッシュボックス。
- 前記管は、0.8mm≦t≦2.5mmの初期厚さを有し、初期直径と厚さとの比率は、24≦rd/t≦125、より好ましくは、40≦rd/t≦55であることを特徴とする、請求項7~11のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- クラッシュボックスとしての、成形後であってもひずみ硬化効果を備えた均質なオーステナイト系微細構造を有するオーステナイト鋼製であり、成形プロセスによって、異なる材料強度及び異なる幾何学的形状を有する少なくとも2つのゾーンを有する拡径管に拡径されている拡径管の使用であって、前記クラッシュボックスが統合されている自動車は、乗用車、トラック、バス、又は農業用車両であることを特徴とする、使用。
- クラッシュボックスとしての、成形後であってもひずみ硬化効果を備えた均質なオーステナイト系微細構造を有するオーステナイト鋼製であり、成形プロセスによって、異なる材料強度及び異なる幾何学的形状を有する少なくとも2つのゾーンを有する拡径管に拡径されている拡径管の使用であって、クラッシュボックスは、クラッシュバリア、ガードレール、又は鉄道車両内におけるエネルギー吸収要素であることを特徴とする、使用。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP20154182.8 | 2020-01-28 | ||
EP20154182.8A EP3858684A1 (en) | 2020-01-28 | 2020-01-28 | Expanded tube for a motor vehicle crash box and manufacturing method for it |
PCT/EP2021/051994 WO2021152015A1 (en) | 2020-01-28 | 2021-01-28 | Expanded tube for a motor vehicle crash box and manufacturing method for it |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JP2023509623A JP2023509623A (ja) | 2023-03-09 |
JP7464722B2 true JP7464722B2 (ja) | 2024-04-09 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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JP2022539725A Active JP7464722B2 (ja) | 2020-01-28 | 2021-01-28 | 自動車用クラッシュボックスのための拡径管及びその製造方法 |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20230060627A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP3858684A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP7464722B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20220130682A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN114901519A (ja) |
BR (1) | BR112022012833A2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA3164879A1 (ja) |
MX (1) | MX2022008787A (ja) |
TW (1) | TW202134086A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2021152015A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN113775682B (zh) * | 2021-11-12 | 2022-02-08 | 太原理工大学 | 一种基于剪纸结构的可调控圆管吸能/储能机构 |
Citations (5)
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JP2000320595A (ja) | 1999-04-15 | 2000-11-24 | Sollac | 衝撃吸収体と、その製造方法 |
JP2001001053A (ja) | 1999-04-22 | 2001-01-09 | Aisin Seiki Co Ltd | ロール成形品および自動車用バンパー |
JP2005510392A (ja) | 2001-09-27 | 2005-04-21 | シエイプ コーポレイション | 異なった強度のリングを有するバンパクラッシュタワー |
JP2011011661A (ja) | 2009-07-02 | 2011-01-20 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 衝撃吸収部材 |
JP2012509815A (ja) | 2008-11-27 | 2012-04-26 | ポスコ | 複数の衝突エネルギー吸収段階を有する車両の衝突エネルギー吸収装置 |
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DE854157C (de) | 1951-01-23 | 1952-10-30 | Daimler Benz Ag | Kraftfahrzeug, insbesondere zur Befoerderung von Personen |
JPS6224827A (ja) * | 1985-07-25 | 1987-02-02 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | 拡管用マンドレル |
US6282769B1 (en) * | 1998-07-15 | 2001-09-04 | Cosma International Inc. | Motor vehicle end module assembly |
DE10042221A1 (de) * | 1999-09-02 | 2001-08-09 | Om Corp | Stoßdämpfer für ein Fahrzeug, das plastische Verformungen ausnutzt |
US6942262B2 (en) * | 2001-09-27 | 2005-09-13 | Shape Corporation | Tubular energy management system for absorbing impact energy |
DE202006018616U1 (de) * | 2006-12-08 | 2008-04-17 | Cosma Engineering Europe Ag | Energieabsorptionsvorrichtung |
DE102009056443A1 (de) | 2009-12-02 | 2011-06-09 | Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh | Crashbox und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung |
DE102009054616A1 (de) | 2009-12-14 | 2011-06-16 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Crashbox mit veränderbarer Steifigkeit und Verfahren zur Veränderung einer Steifigkeit einer solchen Crashbox |
DE102010018316A1 (de) | 2010-02-26 | 2011-09-01 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Crashbox für ein Kraftfahrzeug |
DE102011117933A1 (de) | 2011-11-08 | 2013-05-08 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC (n. d. Gesetzen des Staates Delaware) | Crashbox |
BR112014029007B1 (pt) * | 2012-05-29 | 2020-10-27 | Jfe Steel Corporation | método de expansão de tubo para fabricar tubo de metal |
DE102013101276A1 (de) * | 2013-02-08 | 2014-08-14 | Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kraftfahrzeugstabilisators |
DE102014115887A1 (de) | 2014-10-31 | 2016-05-19 | Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh | Crashbox für ein Stoßfängersystem eines Kraftfahrzeugs |
DE102015121152B4 (de) | 2015-10-26 | 2021-01-14 | Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh | Stoßfängeranordnung für ein Kraftfahrzeug |
DE102016000599A1 (de) | 2016-01-21 | 2017-08-10 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC (n. d. Ges. d. Staates Delaware) | Crashbox |
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2020
- 2020-01-28 EP EP20154182.8A patent/EP3858684A1/en active Pending
-
2021
- 2021-01-26 TW TW110102825A patent/TW202134086A/zh unknown
- 2021-01-28 CN CN202180007567.XA patent/CN114901519A/zh active Pending
- 2021-01-28 MX MX2022008787A patent/MX2022008787A/es unknown
- 2021-01-28 BR BR112022012833A patent/BR112022012833A2/pt unknown
- 2021-01-28 US US17/759,227 patent/US20230060627A1/en active Pending
- 2021-01-28 JP JP2022539725A patent/JP7464722B2/ja active Active
- 2021-01-28 WO PCT/EP2021/051994 patent/WO2021152015A1/en active Application Filing
- 2021-01-28 CA CA3164879A patent/CA3164879A1/en active Pending
- 2021-01-28 KR KR1020227022835A patent/KR20220130682A/ko unknown
Patent Citations (5)
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JP2000320595A (ja) | 1999-04-15 | 2000-11-24 | Sollac | 衝撃吸収体と、その製造方法 |
JP2001001053A (ja) | 1999-04-22 | 2001-01-09 | Aisin Seiki Co Ltd | ロール成形品および自動車用バンパー |
JP2005510392A (ja) | 2001-09-27 | 2005-04-21 | シエイプ コーポレイション | 異なった強度のリングを有するバンパクラッシュタワー |
JP2012509815A (ja) | 2008-11-27 | 2012-04-26 | ポスコ | 複数の衝突エネルギー吸収段階を有する車両の衝突エネルギー吸収装置 |
JP2011011661A (ja) | 2009-07-02 | 2011-01-20 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 衝撃吸収部材 |
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Publication number | Publication date |
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CA3164879A1 (en) | 2021-08-05 |
WO2021152015A1 (en) | 2021-08-05 |
MX2022008787A (es) | 2022-08-15 |
US20230060627A1 (en) | 2023-03-02 |
EP3858684A1 (en) | 2021-08-04 |
JP2023509623A (ja) | 2023-03-09 |
TW202134086A (zh) | 2021-09-16 |
CN114901519A (zh) | 2022-08-12 |
BR112022012833A2 (pt) | 2022-09-06 |
KR20220130682A (ko) | 2022-09-27 |
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