JP7464718B2 - 非イオン性ポリマー壁を伴うマイクロカプセルを含むカラー電気泳動層 - Google Patents
非イオン性ポリマー壁を伴うマイクロカプセルを含むカラー電気泳動層 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7464718B2 JP7464718B2 JP2022538389A JP2022538389A JP7464718B2 JP 7464718 B2 JP7464718 B2 JP 7464718B2 JP 2022538389 A JP2022538389 A JP 2022538389A JP 2022538389 A JP2022538389 A JP 2022538389A JP 7464718 B2 JP7464718 B2 JP 7464718B2
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- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
- G02F1/1675—Constructional details
- G02F1/16757—Microcapsules
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
- G02F1/166—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect
- G02F1/167—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect by electrophoresis
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
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- B01J13/02—Making microcapsules or microballoons
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- B01J13/08—Simple coacervation, i.e. addition of highly hydrophilic material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J13/00—Colloid chemistry, e.g. the production of colloidal materials or their solutions, not otherwise provided for; Making microcapsules or microballoons
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J13/00—Colloid chemistry, e.g. the production of colloidal materials or their solutions, not otherwise provided for; Making microcapsules or microballoons
- B01J13/02—Making microcapsules or microballoons
- B01J13/20—After-treatment of capsule walls, e.g. hardening
- B01J13/22—Coating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B67/00—Influencing the physical, e.g. the dyeing or printing properties of dyestuffs without chemical reactions, e.g. by treating with solvents grinding or grinding assistants, coating of pigments or dyes; Process features in the making of dyestuff preparations; Dyestuff preparations of a special physical nature, e.g. tablets, films
- C09B67/0033—Blends of pigments; Mixtured crystals; Solid solutions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B67/00—Influencing the physical, e.g. the dyeing or printing properties of dyestuffs without chemical reactions, e.g. by treating with solvents grinding or grinding assistants, coating of pigments or dyes; Process features in the making of dyestuff preparations; Dyestuff preparations of a special physical nature, e.g. tablets, films
- C09B67/0071—Process features in the making of dyestuff preparations; Dehydrating agents; Dispersing agents; Dustfree compositions
- C09B67/008—Preparations of disperse dyes or solvent dyes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B67/00—Influencing the physical, e.g. the dyeing or printing properties of dyestuffs without chemical reactions, e.g. by treating with solvents grinding or grinding assistants, coating of pigments or dyes; Process features in the making of dyestuff preparations; Dyestuff preparations of a special physical nature, e.g. tablets, films
- C09B67/0071—Process features in the making of dyestuff preparations; Dehydrating agents; Dispersing agents; Dustfree compositions
- C09B67/0084—Dispersions of dyes
- C09B67/0085—Non common dispersing agents
- C09B67/009—Non common dispersing agents polymeric dispersing agent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B67/00—Influencing the physical, e.g. the dyeing or printing properties of dyestuffs without chemical reactions, e.g. by treating with solvents grinding or grinding assistants, coating of pigments or dyes; Process features in the making of dyestuff preparations; Dyestuff preparations of a special physical nature, e.g. tablets, films
- C09B67/0097—Dye preparations of special physical nature; Tablets, films, extrusion, microcapsules, sheets, pads, bags with dyes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
- G02F1/1675—Constructional details
- G02F1/1676—Electrodes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
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- G02F2001/1678—Constructional details characterised by the composition or particle type
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
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Description
本願は、2019年12月23日に出願された、米国仮特許出願第62/952,534号の優先権を主張する。本明細書に開示される、全ての参考文献、特許、および特許出願は、参照することによってその全体として組み込まれる。
本発明は、例えば、以下を提供する。
(項目1)
カプセル壁と、前記カプセル壁によってカプセル化された電気泳動流体とを備えるカプセルであって、
前記カプセル壁は、水溶性または水分散性であって、かつ架橋された、非イオン性ポリマーを備え、
前記電気泳動流体は、懸濁溶媒と、第1の顔料粒子と、第2の顔料粒子と、第3の顔料粒子とを備え、第1、第2、および第3の粒子は、異なって着色され、電気的に荷電され、懸濁流体中に懸濁され、前記カプセルへの電場の印加に応じて、前記懸濁流体を通して移動することが可能である、カプセル。
(項目2)
前記非イオン性ポリマーは、ポリオールである、項目1に記載のカプセル。
(項目3)
前記ポリオールは、ポリビニルアルコールである、項目2に記載のカプセル。
(項目4)
前記カプセル壁は、前記非イオン性ポリマーおよびポリビニルラクタムから形成される硬化されたコアセルベーション層を備える、項目1に記載のカプセル。
(項目5)
前記ポリビニルラクタムは、ポリビニルピロリドンである、項目4に記載のカプセル。
(項目6)
前記カプセル壁は、ジアルデヒドとの反応によって架橋される、項目1に記載のカプセル。
(項目7)
前記ジアルデヒドは、グルタルアルデヒドである、項目6に記載のカプセル。
(項目8)
前記懸濁溶媒は、炭化水素を備える、項目1に記載のカプセル。
(項目9)
前記電気泳動流体はさらに、第4の顔料粒子を備える、項目1に記載のカプセル。
(項目10)
項目1に記載の複数のカプセルと、前記カプセルを囲繞する結合剤とを備える、電気泳動媒体。
(項目11)
項目10に記載の電気泳動媒体の層と、前記電気泳動媒体に隣接して配置され、電場を前記電気泳動媒体に印加するように配列される少なくとも1つの電極とを備える、電気泳動ディスプレイ。
(項目12)
15μm~50μmの平均直径を有するカプセルを備え、前記カプセルの3分の1未満(数比)は、15μmより小さいかまたは50μmより大きい、項目10に記載の電気泳動媒体。
(項目13)
項目12に記載の電気泳動媒体の層と、前記電気泳動媒体に隣接して配置され、電場を前記電気泳動媒体に印加するように配列される少なくとも1つの電極とを備える、電気泳動ディスプレイ。
(項目14)
電気泳動媒体をカプセル化するカプセルを生産するための方法であって、前記方法は、
水性溶媒中に非イオン性、水溶性、または水分散性開始ポリマーを備えるポリマー溶液を提供することと、
懸濁溶媒と、顔料粒子とを備える電気泳動流体を提供することと、
反応混合物を作成するために、前記ポリマー溶液と前記電気泳動流体とを混合することと、
前記反応混合物を前記ポリマー溶液の下限臨界溶液温度を上回る温度まで加熱し、それによって、前記電気泳動流体を含む水中油型乳剤を形成することと、
架橋剤を前記水中油型乳剤に添加し、それによって、硬化混合物を形成することと、
電気泳動媒体をカプセル化するカプセルを形成するために、前記硬化混合物を加熱することと
を含む、方法。
(項目15)
前記ポリマー溶液は、ポリビニルアルコールを備える、項目14に記載の方法。
(項目16)
前記ポリマー溶液は、酢酸ビニルのコポリマーを備える、項目14に記載の方法。
(項目17)
第2の非イオン性、水溶性、または水分散性開始ポリマーを前記ポリマー溶液に添加することをさらに含む、項目14に記載の方法。
(項目18)
前記第2の非イオン性ポリマーは、ポリビニルピロリドンである、項目17に記載の方法。
(項目19)
前記架橋剤は、グルタルアルデヒドである、項目14に記載の方法。
(項目20)
コアセルベーション誘導剤を前記ポリマー溶液に添加することをさらに含む、項目14に記載の方法。
(項目21)
前記コアセルベーション誘導剤は、水溶性または水分散性塩である、項目20に記載の方法。
第1の側面では、本発明は、非イオン性ポリマーに基づいて、マイクロカプセル内に封入された電気泳動流体に基づく、新規電気光学媒体に関する。そのような非イオン性ポリマーカプセルは、ゼラチンおよびアカシアのカプセル内に存在する等、イオン性基を持つ従来のポリマーカプセルと対照的である。本明細書に開示されるカプセルは、典型的には、非極性溶媒と2つを上回るタイプの荷電顔料粒子との混合物を備える内相を包み込む、非イオン性ポリマーのコアセルベートから形成される。驚くことに、マイクロカプセルが、同一の波形を用いてアドレス指定されると、同一の流体を組み込む試験セルまたはマイクロセルと比較して、ほぼ同一の(またはより良好な)電気光学性能を提供することが見出されている。換言すると、カプセル化のプロセスは、ディスプレイの電気アドレス指定によって誘発される、顔料運動の機構に急激な変化をもたらさない。そのような「ドロップイン(drop in)」能力は、本発明のカプセル化された媒体が、バックプレーンおよびドライバ等の既存のインフラストラクチャとともに使用され得ることを意味する。
(a)電気泳動粒子、流体、および流体添加物(例えば、
(b)カプセル、結合剤、およびカプセル化プロセス(例えば、
(c)電気光学材料を含有するフィルムおよびサブアセンブリ(例えば、米国特許第6,982,178号および第7,839,564号参照)
(d)バックプレーン、接着剤層、および他の補助層、およびディスプレイに使用される方法(例えば、米国特許第7,116,318号および第7,535,624号参照)
(e)色形成および色調節(例えば、米国特許第7,075,502号および第7,839,564号参照)
(f)ディスプレイを駆動するための方法(例えば、米国特許第7,012,600号および第7,453,445号参照)
(g)ディスプレイの用途(例えば、米国特許第7,312,784号および第8,009,348号参照)
(h)非電気泳動ディスプレイ(例えば、米国特許第6,241,921号、第6,950,220号、第7,420,549号、および第8,319,759号、および米国特許出願公開第2012/0293858号参照)
実施例1-ポリビニルアルコールマイクロカプセルを調製する
ポリビニルピロリドン(112.0gの20%溶液、1.3MDa平均分子量)およびポリビニルアルコール(Kuraray, Japanから利用可能である、74.7gの10%溶液、Mowiol23-88)の溶液が、4℃で1時間にわたって混合および攪拌され、次いで、硫酸ナトリウムの溶液(88.36gの16.7%水溶液)が、25℃の雲点温度をもたらすために、添加された。溶液は、沈殿物が溶解されるまで、4℃で攪拌され、それに応じて、白色、黒色、および赤色粒子を含有する、3つの顔料電気泳動流体(参照することによってその全体として本明細書に組み込まれる、前述の米国特許第8,717,664号において説明されるものと類似流体の120g)が、表面下に添加され、その後、その温度は、9℃まで増加され、溶液は、液滴を形成するために、400rpmで9分間にわたって攪拌された。
実施例2-向上されたカプセルサイズの区別
フルカラー(CMYW)電気泳動流体を伴う、付加的マイクロカプセルが、上記の実施例1と同様に、非イオン性ポリマー調合物を使用して、形成された。電気泳動流体が、以下の原料、すなわち、白色顔料を含有する分散体(71.41gの55.71重量%分散体であって、米国第8,582,196号に説明されるような、ポリマーコーティングされたTiO2)、マゼンタ色顔料を含有する分散体(15.21gの24.99重量%分散体であって、米国第9,697,778号で説明されるような、ビニルベンジル塩化物およびラウリルメタクリレート(LMA)でコーティングされた、C.I.顔料赤色122)、シアン色顔料を含有する分散体(14.23gの25.43重量%分散体であって、メタクリル酸メチル(MMA)およびジメチルシロキサンでコーティングされた、C.I.顔料青色15:3)、黄色顔料を含有する分散体(13.64gの35.62重量%分散体であって、メタクリル酸メチル(MMA)、2、2、2-トリフルオロエチルメタクリル酸(TFEM)、およびモノメタクリルオキシプロピル終端処理ポリジメチルシロキサンでコーティングされた、C.I.顔料黄色155)、CCA111(3.04gの75重量%溶液)、500,000を上回る平均分子量のポリ(イソブチレン)(ISOPAR(登録商標)E中PIBの3.67gの9.94重量%溶液)を組み合わせ、一晩、混合することによって調製され、付加的ISOPAR(登録商標)Eで平衡された。
Claims (14)
- カプセル壁と、前記カプセル壁によってカプセル化されている電気泳動流体とを備えるカプセルであって、
前記カプセル壁は、非イオン性のポリビニルアルコールとポリビニルラクタムとから形成されている硬化されたコアセルベーション層を備え、前記非イオン性のポリビニルアルコールは、水溶性または水分散性であり、かつ、架橋されており、
前記電気泳動流体は、懸濁溶媒と、イオン性の電荷制御剤と、第1の顔料粒子と、第2の顔料粒子と、第3の顔料粒子とを含み、前記第1の顔料粒子および前記第2の顔料粒子および前記第3の顔料粒子は、異なるように着色され、電気的に荷電され、前記懸濁溶媒中に懸濁され、前記カプセルに電場が印加されると、前記懸濁溶媒を通して移動することが可能である、カプセル。 - 前記ポリビニルラクタムは、ポリビニルピロリドンである、請求項1に記載のカプセル。
- 前記カプセル壁は、ジアルデヒドとの反応によって架橋される、請求項1に記載のカプセル。
- 前記ジアルデヒドは、グルタルアルデヒドである、請求項3に記載のカプセル。
- 前記懸濁溶媒は、炭化水素を含む、請求項1に記載のカプセル。
- 前記電気泳動流体は、第4の顔料粒子をさらに含む、請求項1に記載のカプセル。
- 電気泳動媒体であって、前記電気泳動媒体は、請求項1に記載の複数のカプセルと、前記複数のカプセルを囲繞する結合剤とを含む、電気泳動媒体。
- 電気泳動ディスプレイであって、前記電気泳動ディスプレイは、請求項7に記載の電気泳動媒体の層と、少なくとも1つの電極とを備え、前記少なくとも1つの電極は、前記電気泳動媒体に隣接するように配置されており、かつ、電場を前記電気泳動媒体に印加するように配列されている、電気泳動ディスプレイ。
- 前記電気泳動媒体は、15μm~50μmの平均直径を有するカプセルを含み、前記カプセルの3分の1未満(数比)は、15μmより小さいかまたは50μmより大きい、請求項7に記載の電気泳動媒体。
- 電気泳動ディスプレイであって、前記電気泳動ディスプレイは、請求項9に記載の電気泳動媒体の層と、少なくとも1つの電極とを備え、前記少なくとも1つの電極は、前記電気泳動媒体に隣接するように配置されており、かつ、電場を前記電気泳動媒体に印加するように配列されている、電気泳動ディスプレイ。
- 電気泳動媒体をカプセル化するカプセルを生産するための方法であって、前記方法は、
ポリマー溶液を提供することであって、前記ポリマー溶液は、水性溶媒中に、非イオン性または水溶性または水分散性のポリビニルアルコールと、水溶性または水分散性のポリビニルピロリドンとを含む、ことと、
電気泳動流体を提供することであって、前記電気泳動流体は、懸濁溶媒と、イオン性の電荷制御剤と、顔料粒子とを含む、ことと、
前記ポリマー溶液と前記電気泳動流体とを混合することにより、反応混合物を作成することと、
前記反応混合物を前記ポリマー溶液の下限臨界溶液温度を上回る温度まで加熱することであって、これにより、前記電気泳動流体を含む水中油型乳剤が形成される、ことと、
架橋剤を前記水中油型乳剤に添加することであって、これにより、硬化混合物が形成される、ことと、
前記硬化混合物を加熱することにより、電気泳動媒体をカプセル化するカプセルを形成することと
を含む、方法。 - 前記ポリマー溶液は、酢酸ビニルのコポリマーを含む、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記架橋剤は、グルタルアルデヒドである、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記方法は、コアセルベーション誘導剤を前記ポリマー溶液に添加することをさらに含み、前記コアセルベーション誘導剤は、水溶性または水分散性の塩である、請求項11に記載の方法。
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- 2020-12-22 US US17/130,530 patent/US11747701B2/en active Active
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TWI769636B (zh) | 2022-07-01 |
KR20220103788A (ko) | 2022-07-22 |
US20230205037A1 (en) | 2023-06-29 |
JP2023508341A (ja) | 2023-03-02 |
TW202241583A (zh) | 2022-11-01 |
EP4081859A4 (en) | 2024-06-05 |
CN114868078A (zh) | 2022-08-05 |
EP4081859A1 (en) | 2022-11-02 |
JP2024088683A (ja) | 2024-07-02 |
WO2021133794A1 (en) | 2021-07-01 |
TW202135927A (zh) | 2021-10-01 |
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US11747701B2 (en) | 2023-09-05 |
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