JP7431251B2 - リチウム電池の純シリコン負極に用いられるリチウム-シリコン化合物結晶多形及びその用途 - Google Patents
リチウム電池の純シリコン負極に用いられるリチウム-シリコン化合物結晶多形及びその用途 Download PDFInfo
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- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 63
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 59
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 title claims description 59
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 31
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 30
- ZVLDJSZFKQJMKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Si] Chemical compound [Li].[Si] ZVLDJSZFKQJMKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 18
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 title claims description 14
- 238000006138 lithiation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011863 silicon-based powder Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002073 nanorod Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002070 nanowire Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 20
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 17
- 238000000634 powder X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229910018077 Li 15 Si 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000032953 Device battery issue Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002848 electrochemical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006557 surface reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
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- H01M4/386—Silicon or alloys based on silicon
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Description
100-核種を有する純シリコン負極粉体、
102-核種、
104-シリコン粉体、
200-リチウム電池、
202-正極、
204-負極、
206-セパレータ。
Claims (13)
- 第一リチウム-シリコン化合物結晶多形、及び第二リチウム-シリコン化合物結晶多形
を含むリチウム電池の純シリコン負極であって、
前記第一リチウム-シリコン化合物結晶多形は、Li4.1Si_Cmcmを含み、
前記第二リチウム-シリコン化合物結晶多形は、Li13Si4_Pbam、Li2Si_C12/m1及びLiSi_I41AZの規則格子構造からなる群から1つまたは複数が選択される、ことを特徴とするリチウム電池の純シリコン負極。 - X線吸収スペクトルにおいて、Li4.1Si_Cmcmの吸収ピークは、1847±2eVに現れる、ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の純シリコン負極。
- 1つまたは複数の核種を含むリチウム電池用の純シリコン負極であって、前記核種は、請求項1に記載の前記第一リチウム-シリコン化合物結晶多形を含む、ことを特徴とするリチウム電池用の純シリコン負極。
- 前記核種の寸法は、1nm~5,000,000nmである、ことを特徴とする請求項3に記載のリチウム電池用の純シリコン負極。
- リチウム電池の純シリコン負極を製造する方法であって、
純シリコン粉体の表面に保護層をメッキし、微小な部位を残して、1つまたは複数の露出表面を生成することと、
単位面積当たりのリチウムイオン濃度が4原子パーセントより高いリチウムフラックスを前記露出表面に接触させるようにリチウム化反応を行うことと、
Li4.1Si_Cmcm、Li13Si4_Pbam、Li2Si_C12/m1及びLiSi_I41AZの規則格子構造からなる群から選択された1つまたは複数の構造が得られるように脱リチウム反応を行うことと、
前記リチウム化反応の充電レートまたは脱リチウム反応の放電レートを0.5C~30Cの間に制御し、LiPF6を含むEC/DEC+FECの電解液で前記リチウム化反応及び前記脱リチウム反応を行うことを含む、ことを特徴とする方法。 - 中空、多層、多孔質、ナノワイヤ、ナノロッド又はナノ粒子の形態で構成され、前記形態のシェル層の厚さ、膜層の厚さ、型壁の厚さ、線幅は、1~100ナノメートルにある、ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のリチウム電池用の純シリコン負極。
- CuKα線であるX線による照射下で、X線回折が、12.33±0.1度、20.72±0.1度及び22.6±0.1度での2θピークを含むという特徴を有するLi13Si4-_Pbamと、
CuKα線であるX線による照射下で、X線回折が、14.05±0.1度及び23.61±0.1度での2θピークを含むという特徴を有するLi2Si_C12/m1と、
CuKα線であるX線による照射下で、X線回折が、18.77±0.1度、19.28±0.1での2θ度ピークを含むという特徴を有するLiSi-I41AZと、からなる、ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の純シリコン負極。 - 前記リチウム化反応を行う前に、前記純シリコン粉体を基板内の溝に置いて圧密することをさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記基板は銅を含むことを特徴とする請求項8に記載の方法。
- リチウム電池用の純シリコン負極を製造する方法であって、
純シリコン粉体の表面に保護層を形成し、前記表面に一つ又は複数の位置に、厚さの不均一な前記保護層を形成することと、
Li4.1Si_Cmcm、Li13Si4_Pbam、Li2Si_C12/m1及びLiSi_I41AZの規則格子構造からなる群から選択された1つまたは複数の構造が得られるように、単位面積当たりのリチウムイオン濃度が4原子パーセントより高いリチウムフラックスを前記位置にあるようにプレリチウム化反応を行うことを含み、
リチウム化反応の充電レートまたは脱リチウム反応の放電レートを0.5C~30Cの間に制御し、LiPF6を含むEC/DEC+FECの電解液でプレリチウム化反応を行うこと、を含むことを特徴とする方法。 - 前記保護層を形成するステップに、前記表面の前記位置を前記保護層から露出させることを含むことを特徴とする請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記リチウム化反応のある期間内にリチウム化反応を純シリコン粉体の前記表面に発生するように制御する、ことを特徴とする請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記プレリチウム化反応に、第一電圧と逆の極性を有する第二電圧で脱リチウム反応を行うことをさらに含む、ことを特徴とする請求項10に記載の方法。
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WO2012073313A1 (ja) | 2010-11-29 | 2012-06-07 | 株式会社Neomaxマテリアル | 二次電池用負極材、二次電池用負極、二次電池用負極材の製造方法および二次電池用負極の製造方法 |
JP2015518263A (ja) | 2012-05-30 | 2015-06-25 | エルジー・ケム・リミテッド | リチウム二次電池用負極活物質及びこれを含むリチウム二次電池 |
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KR101098518B1 (ko) * | 2009-06-18 | 2011-12-26 | 국립대학법인 울산과학기술대학교 산학협력단 | 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 활물질, 이의 제조 방법 및 리튬 이차 전지 |
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JP2015518263A (ja) | 2012-05-30 | 2015-06-25 | エルジー・ケム・リミテッド | リチウム二次電池用負極活物質及びこれを含むリチウム二次電池 |
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San-Cheng Lai,Solid Lithium‐Silicon Electrode,J. Electrochem. Soc.,1976年,vol.123,pp.1196-1197 |
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