JP7414404B2 - 導電粒子用基材粒子、その利用および製造方法 - Google Patents
導電粒子用基材粒子、その利用および製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7414404B2 JP7414404B2 JP2019090138A JP2019090138A JP7414404B2 JP 7414404 B2 JP7414404 B2 JP 7414404B2 JP 2019090138 A JP2019090138 A JP 2019090138A JP 2019090138 A JP2019090138 A JP 2019090138A JP 7414404 B2 JP7414404 B2 JP 7414404B2
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- QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl ether Chemical compound C=COC=C QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001297 Zn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RMKZLFMHXZAGTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N [dimethoxy(propyl)silyl]oxymethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCC[Si](OC)(OC)OCOC(=O)C=C RMKZLFMHXZAGTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003647 acryloyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001860 alkaline earth metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000005907 alkyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005037 alkyl phenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000001588 bifunctional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003055 glycidyl group Chemical group C(C1CO1)* 0.000 description 1
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- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003707 hexyloxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
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- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
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- POPACFLNWGUDSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxy(trimethyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(C)C POPACFLNWGUDSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ARYZCSRUUPFYMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxysilane Chemical compound CO[SiH3] ARYZCSRUUPFYMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZARXZEARBRXKMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-bis(ethenyl)aniline Chemical compound C=CN(C=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZARXZEARBRXKMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Pd]Cl PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004115 pentoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- OFNHPGDEEMZPFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphanylidynenickel Chemical compound [P].[Ni] OFNHPGDEEMZPFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012643 polycondensation polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XTFKWYDMKGAZKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium;gold(1+);dicyanide Chemical compound [K+].[Au+].N#[C-].N#[C-] XTFKWYDMKGAZKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002572 propoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001235 sensitizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004756 silanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BSWGGJHLVUUXTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver zinc Chemical compound [Zn].[Ag] BSWGGJHLVUUXTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011150 stannous chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- UQMOLLPKNHFRAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrabutyl silicate Chemical compound CCCCO[Si](OCCCC)(OCCCC)OCCCC UQMOLLPKNHFRAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHILTCGAOPTOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrakis(ethenyl)silane Chemical compound C=C[Si](C=C)(C=C)C=C UFHILTCGAOPTOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQCEHFDDXELDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)OC LFQCEHFDDXELDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZUEKXCXHTXJYAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrapropan-2-yl silicate Chemical compound CC(C)O[Si](OC(C)C)(OC(C)C)OC(C)C ZUEKXCXHTXJYAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- AXZWODMDQAVCJE-UHFFFAOYSA-L tin(II) chloride (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Sn+2] AXZWODMDQAVCJE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- CPUDPFPXCZDNGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(methyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](C)(OCC)OCC CPUDPFPXCZDNGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JXUKBNICSRJFAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCOCC1CO1 JXUKBNICSRJFAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- DQZNLOXENNXVAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[2-(7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-4-yl)ethyl]silane Chemical compound C1C(CC[Si](OC)(OC)OC)CCC2OC21 DQZNLOXENNXVAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOCC1CO1 BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YUYCVXFAYWRXLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxysilane Chemical compound CO[SiH](OC)OC YUYCVXFAYWRXLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Conductive Materials (AREA)
- Non-Insulated Conductors (AREA)
- Macromonomer-Based Addition Polymer (AREA)
Description
本発明の一実施形態に係る導電粒子用基材粒子(以下、単に「導電粒子用基材粒子」とも称する。)は、ビニルトリアルコキシシランに由来する構造単位を含み、回復率が70%未満であり、圧縮破壊変形率が30%以上である。
本発明の一実施形態に係る導電粒子(以下、単に「導電粒子」とも称する。)は、導電粒子用基材粒子の表面に、少なくとも一層の導電性金属層が形成されている。
本発明の一実施形態に係る異方性導電材料(以下、単に「異方性導電材料」とも称する。)は、上述した導電粒子を含む。
前記導電粒子用基材粒子の製造方法としては、特に制限はなく、乳化重合、懸濁重合、分散重合、シード重合、ゾルゲルシード重合法等が挙げられるが、前記導電粒子用基材粒子の粒子径を所望の範囲にするには、例えば、シード重合法により導電粒子用基材粒子を合成した後、分級する方法等が好ましく採用される。導電粒子用基材粒子の合成にシード重合法を採用することにより、粒度分布の小さい導電粒子用基材粒子が得られる。さらに、合成後の導電粒子用基材粒子を分級し粗粒子を除去することにより、平均粒子径を所望の範囲に調整することができる。
各種物性の測定は以下の方法で行った。
導電粒子用基材粒子(以下、「基材粒子」とも称する。)の場合には、後述の作製方法にて得られた導電粒子用基材粒子0.1部に、乳化剤であるポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテル硫酸エステルアンモニウム塩(第一工業製薬株式会社製「ハイテノール(登録商標)N-08」)の1%水溶液20部を加え、超音波で10分間分散させた分散液を測定試料とし、シード粒子の場合には、加水分解、縮合反応で得られた分散液をポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテル硫酸エステルアンモニウム塩(第一工業製薬株式会社製「ハイテノール(登録商標)N-08」)の1%水溶液により希釈したものを測定試料として、粒度分布測定装置(ベックマンコールター社製「コールターマルチサイザーIII型」)により30000個の基材粒子の粒子径(μm)を測定し、個数平均粒子径を求めた。また導電粒子用基材粒子については、個数平均粒子径とともに個数基準での粒子径の標準偏差を求め、下記式(1)に従って粒子径の変動係数(CV値)を算出した。
基材粒子の変動係数(%)=100×(粒子径の標準偏差/個数平均粒子径)・・・式(1)。
フロー式粒子像解析装置(シスメックス社製「FPIA(登録商標)-3000」)を用いて、基材粒子3000個の個数平均粒子径X(μm)および導電粒子3000個の個数平均粒子径Y(μm)を測定した。なお、測定は、後述の作製方法にて得られた基材粒子0.25部に、乳化剤であるポリオキシエチレンオレイルエーテル(花王株式会社製「エマルゲン(登録商標)430」)の1.4%水溶液17.5部を加え、超音波で10分間分散させた後に行なった。そして、下記式(2)に従って導電性金属層の膜厚を算出した。
導電性金属層膜厚(μm)=(Y-X)/2・・・(2)。
微小圧縮試験機(島津製作所社製「MCT-W500」)を用いて、室温(25℃)において、試料台(材質:SKS材平板)上に散布した、後述の作製方法にて得られた基材粒子1個について、直径50μmの円形平板圧子(材質:ダイヤモンド)を用いて、「標準表面検出」モードで、基材粒子の中心方向へ一定の負荷速度(2.231mN/秒)で最大荷重(49.0mN)まで荷重をかけ、圧縮変位が基材粒子の個数平均粒子径の10%になったときの荷重値(10%圧縮荷重値)(mN)およびそのときの変位量(μm)を測定した。なお、測定は各試料について、異なる10個の基材粒子に対して行い、平均した値を測定値とした。そして、得られた圧縮荷重値(mN)を圧縮荷重(N)に換算し、そのとき得られた変位量(μm)を圧縮変位(mm)に換算し、導電粒子用基材粒子の個数平均粒子径(μm)から基材粒子の半径(mm)を算出し、これらを用いて下記式(3)に基づき算出した。上記測定は、25℃の恒温雰囲気下で行った。
上記の粒子圧縮試験を実施した際に、ある一定の荷重値で変位量が大きく変化する点が観測された。この点での荷重値を破壊荷重(mN)、この点での変位量を圧縮破壊変位(μm)とし、これらの値を用いて、下記式(4)により圧縮破壊変形率(%)を算出した。
圧縮破壊変形率(%)=(圧縮破壊変位(μm)/圧縮前の粒子径(μm))×100・・・(4)。
微小圧縮試験機(島津製作所社製「MCT-W500」)を用いて、室温(25℃)において、試料台(材質:SKS材平板)上に散布した、後述の作製方法にて得られた基材粒子1個について、直径50μmの円形平板圧子(材質:ダイヤモンド)を用い、「標準表面検出」モードで、基材粒子の中心方向へ一定の負荷速度(1.487mN/秒)で最大荷重(5.00mN)まで圧縮し、そのときの変位量(μm)を測定し、これを最大変位量L1とした。次いで、一定の除負荷速度(1.487mN/秒)で最小荷重(0.049mN)まで荷重を徐々に減らしたときの最大荷重から最小荷重までの間の変位量(μm)を測定し、これを回復変位量L2とした。回復率は、最大変位量L1および回復変位量L2から下記式(5)に基づき算出した。なお、測定は各試料について、異なる10個の基材粒子に対して行い、平均した値を測定値とした。なお、上記測定は、25℃の恒温雰囲気下で行った。
回復率(%)=(L2/L1)×100・・・(5)。
後述の作製方法にて得られた接続構造体の電極間の初期抵抗値を測定し、初期抵抗値が5Ω以下の場合を「○」、5Ωを超える場合を「×」と評価した。
後述の作製方法にて得られた接続構造体の電極間の初期抵抗値Aを測定し、さらに、得られた接続構造体を85℃、85%RHの雰囲気下に500時間放置した後、上記初期抵抗値Aと同様に抵抗値Bを測定した。下記式(6)に基づき算出した抵抗値上昇率(%)が2%以下の場合を「○」、2%を超える場合を「×」、と評価した。
抵抗値上昇率(%)=[(B-A)/A]×100・・・(6)。
(製造例1)
冷却管、温度計、滴下口を備えた四つ口フラスコに、イオン交換水1015部と25%アンモニア水1.3部、メタノール304部を仕込み30℃に保持した。その中にシラン系架橋性単量体としてビニルトリメトキシシラン(信越化学工業社製、「KBM1003」、表1中、「VTMS」と記載)100部および3-メタクリロキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン(信越化学工業社製、「KBM503」、表1中、「MPTMS」と記載)69部を滴下し、内温を35℃で10分保持した後、ポリオキシエチレンスチレン化フェニルエーテル硫酸エステルアンモニウム塩(第一工業製薬社製、「ハイテノール(登録商標) NF-08」)の20%水溶液を53部添加し、さらに50分撹拌することにより、ビニルトリメトキシシランの加水分解、縮合反応を行い、ビニル基を有するポリシロキサン粒子(重合性ポリシロキサン粒子)の乳濁液を作製した。得られたポリシロキサン粒子の乳濁液をサンプリングし、粒子径を測定したところ、個数平均粒子径は2.73μmであった。
シラン系架橋性単量体の使用量を表1に示す通りとし、イオン交換水、メタノール、アンモニア水の使用量を適宜変更したこと以外は製造例1と同様にして、ポリシロキサン粒子を作製した。その後、吸収モノマーの種類、使用量、加熱処理条件を表1に示す通りに変更したこと以外は製造例1と同様にして、導電粒子用基材粒子No.2~11を得た。導電粒子用基材粒子の粒子径、変動係数(CV値)、架橋度は表1に示す通りであった。
(実施例1)
製造例1で合成した導電粒子用基材粒子No.1に、水酸化ナトリウムによるエッチング処理を施した後、二塩化スズ溶液に接触させることによりセンシタイジングし、次いで二塩化パラジウム溶液に浸漬させることによりアクチベーティングする方法(センシタイジング-アクチベーション法)によって、パラジウム核を形成させた。次に、パラジウム核を形成させた導電粒子用基材粒子2部をイオン交換水400部に添加し、超音波分散処理を行った後、得られた導電粒子用基材粒子懸濁液を70℃の温浴で加温した。このように懸濁液を加温した状態で、別途70℃に加温した無電解めっき液(日本カニゼン(株)製、「シューマーS680」)600部を加えることにより、無電解ニッケルめっき反応を生じさせた。水素ガスの発生が終了したことを確認した後、固液分離を行い、イオン交換水、メタノールの順で洗浄し、100℃で2時間真空乾燥して、ニッケルめっき粒子を得た。次いで、得られたニッケルめっき粒子を、シアン化金カリウムを含有する置換金めっき液に加え、ニッケル層表面にさらに金めっきを施すことにより、導電粒子を得た。得られた導電粒子の個数平均粒子径および導電性金属層の膜厚は表1に示すとおりであった。
基材として表1に示す組成の導電粒子用基材粒子(導電粒子用基材粒子No.2~11)を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして導電粒子を作製した。具体的には、導電粒子用基材粒子No.2~7を用いて、実施例2~7に係る導電粒子を作製した。また、導電粒子用基材粒子No.8~11を用いて、比較例1~4に係る導電粒子を作製した。得られた導電粒子における導電性金属層の膜厚は表1に示すとおりであった。
実施例、比較例で得られた導電粒子を用い、下記の方法で異方性導電材料(異方性導電フィルム)を作製した。
Claims (6)
- 導電粒子用基材粒子であって、
前記導電粒子用基材粒子は、ビニルトリアルコキシシランおよび非架橋性単量体を共重合してなる樹脂を含み、
前記導電粒子用基材粒子を構成する単量体全体に占める前記ビニルトリアルコキシシランの質量割合は、56質量%以上であり、
回復率が70%未満であり、圧縮破壊変形率が30%以上であり、10%K値が10578N/mm2以上である、導電粒子用基材粒子。 - 架橋度が30%以上である、請求項1に記載の導電粒子用基材粒子。
- 個数平均粒子径が5.00μm未満である、請求項1または2に記載の導電性粒子用基材粒子。
- 請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の導電粒子用基材粒子の表面に、少なくとも一層の導電性金属層が形成されている、導電粒子。
- 請求項4に記載の導電粒子を含む、異方性導電材料。
- 請求項4に記載の導電粒子と、バインダー樹脂とを含む、異方性導電ペースト。
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| JP2015155532A (ja) | 2014-01-14 | 2015-08-27 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 基材粒子、導電性粒子、導電材料及び接続構造体 |
| JP2016094555A (ja) | 2014-11-14 | 2016-05-26 | 株式会社日本触媒 | 重合体微粒子、導電性微粒子および異方性導電材料 |
| JP2016210980A (ja) | 2015-04-30 | 2016-12-15 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 基材粒子、基材粒子の製造方法、導電性粒子、導電材料及び接続構造体 |
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| JP2015155532A (ja) | 2014-01-14 | 2015-08-27 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 基材粒子、導電性粒子、導電材料及び接続構造体 |
| JP2016094555A (ja) | 2014-11-14 | 2016-05-26 | 株式会社日本触媒 | 重合体微粒子、導電性微粒子および異方性導電材料 |
| JP2016210980A (ja) | 2015-04-30 | 2016-12-15 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 基材粒子、基材粒子の製造方法、導電性粒子、導電材料及び接続構造体 |
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