JP7413704B2 - 炭化水素の熱分解用触媒並びにそれを用いたカーボンナノチューブ及び水素製造方法 - Google Patents
炭化水素の熱分解用触媒並びにそれを用いたカーボンナノチューブ及び水素製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 56
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 52
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims description 52
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 52
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 title claims description 47
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 title claims description 47
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 39
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 title claims description 33
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 33
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 20
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 139
- 229910052595 hematite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 70
- 239000011019 hematite Substances 0.000 claims description 70
- LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical group [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 70
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 55
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N praseodymium atom Chemical compound [Pr] PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N samarium atom Chemical compound [Sm] KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052598 goethite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 31
- AEIXRCIKZIZYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxy(oxo)iron Chemical compound [O][Fe]O AEIXRCIKZIZYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 31
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 26
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 19
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 15
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 13
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 12
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 7
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- OBOSXEWFRARQPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-n,2-n-dimethylpyridine-2,5-diamine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=C(N)C=N1 OBOSXEWFRARQPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000005156 Dehydration Diseases 0.000 description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001854 alkali hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- -1 ammonium aluminate Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940044175 cobalt sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910000361 cobalt sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+) sulfate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004876 x-ray fluorescence Methods 0.000 description 2
- BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M (3-methylphenyl)methyl-triphenylphosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC1=CC=CC(C[P+](C=2C=CC=CC=2)(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Co+2] GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt dinitrate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001981 cobalt nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960002089 ferrous chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010191 image analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe]Cl NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000002681 magnesium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[K+].[K+] CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001950 potassium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KVOIJEARBNBHHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [K+].[O-][Al]=O KVOIJEARBNBHHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Description
15.6molの炭酸ナトリウムと、10.6molの水酸化ナトリウムを含む混合アルカリ水溶液30Lを気泡塔の中に投入し、窒素ガスを通気しながら50℃に調整した。次いで12.6molのFe2+を含む硫酸第一鉄水溶液20Lと0.7molのCo2+を含む硫酸コバルト水溶液1L(全Feに対しCo換算で5.5mol%に該当する。)とを上記混合アルカリ水溶液に添加し、上記条件でさらに5時間熟成(Co添加時期の全熟成時間に対する比率40%)した後、空気を通気しながら、8時間酸化反応を行ってゲータイト粒子を生成させてゲータイト種晶粒子を含む懸濁液を得た。
次いで、前記懸濁液の入った気泡塔に8.0molの炭酸ナトリウムと、6.3molの水酸化ナトリウムと、1.1molのAl3+を含む硫酸アルミニウムとを含む混合水溶液10Lを投入し、窒素ガスを通気しながら50℃に調整した。さらに6.3molのFe2+を含む硫酸第一鉄水溶液3.5Lを気泡塔中に投入して上記条件で0.5時間熟成した後、空気を通気しながら、2時間酸化反応を行ってゲータイト粒子を成長させ、ゲータイト粒子を含む懸濁液を得た。その後、フィルタープレスで電気伝導度100μS/cmまで水洗を行ってプレスケーキを得た。
次いで、上記のようにして得られたゲータイト粒子770g(Feとして8.7mol)を含有するプレスケーキを15Lの水中に十分に分散させた後、当該分散液に、前記ゲータイト粒子中の全Feに対しAlとして2.5mol%に該当する硫酸アルミニウムを含む硫酸アルミニウム水溶液と0.1Mの水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を、pH9に調整しながら添加した。その後、前記ゲータイト粒子中の全Feに対しY(イットリウム)として0.5mol%に該当する塩化イットリウムを含む塩化イットリウム水溶液と0.1Mの水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を、pH9に調整しながら添加した。その後フィルタープレスで水洗し、得られたプレスケーキを圧縮成型機を用いて孔径4mmの成型板で押し出し成型して120℃で乾燥してY化合物が被覆されたゲータイト粒子成型物を得た。Y化合物が被覆されたゲータイト粒子を、空気中において660℃で加熱脱水してY化合物を含有するヘマタイト粒子を得た。その後、ヘマタイト粒子を水洗し、得られたケーキを120℃で乾燥した後、カッターミルで粉砕し、実施例1のヘマタイト粒子(粉末)を得た。
実施例8のヘマタイト粒子の粒子形態を電子顕微鏡にて観察した。その写真を図1に示す。図1に示すように、実施例8のヘマタイト粒子は、紡錘状の粒子であり、概ねその粒径は、平均長軸径が134nm、平均短軸径が24nmであり、平均長軸径/平均短軸径は5.6であった。実施例3のヘマタイトの電子顕微鏡でのヘマタイト粒子の元素分析から算出したNd/Fe、Al/Fe、Co/Feはそれぞれ1.1、6.0、4.0であり、XRFから算出した値とほぼ同じであり、各元素はヘマタイト粒子内あるいは表面上に存在している。
Claims (10)
- 炭化水素の熱分解用触媒であって、
前記触媒はヘマタイト粒子であり、
前記ヘマタイト粒子は、粒子中の全鉄(Fe)元素に対して0.1~3mol%の希土類元素を含有し、粒子中の全Fe元素に対して25~55mol%のアルミニウム(Al)元素を含有することを特徴とする触媒。 - 前記ヘマタイト粒子は、粒子中の全Fe元素に対して10mol%未満のコバルト(Co)元素を含有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の触媒。
- 前記希土類元素は、スカンジウム(Sc)、イットリウム(Y)、ランタン(La)、セリウム(Ce)、プラセオジウム(Pr)、ネオジム(Nd)及びサマリウム(Sm)から選択される少なくとも1種であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の触媒。
- 前記ヘマタイト粒子は、平均短軸径に対する平均長軸径の比率(平均長軸径/平均短軸径)が2~9であることを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の触媒。
- 前記ヘマタイト粒子は、平均長軸径が1000nm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の触媒。
- 前記ヘマタイト粒子は、平均短軸径が200nm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1~5に記載の触媒。
- 前記ヘマタイト粒子は、BET比表面積が10m2/g以上であることを特徴とする請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の触媒。
- 請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の触媒を用いて炭化水素を熱分解することを含むカーボンナノチューブ及び水素製造方法。
- 前記炭化水素は、少なくともメタンを含む請求項8に記載のカーボンナノチューブ及び水素製造方法。
- 前記カーボンナノチューブ及び水素はメタン直接改質により得られる請求項8又は9に記載のカーボンナノチューブ及び水素製造方法。
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