JP7412245B2 - Refrigeration facility - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to refrigeration facilities.

In refrigeration facilities such as food factories, large-scale freezers are installed in buildings, and the temperature inside is negative, so this cold heat is transferred to the ground below the building. There is a risk of frost heaving. The mechanism of frost heaving is as follows. First, a ground freeze line occurs due to heat transfer from the freezer, causing ice lenses and movement of moisture underground. Here, the ice lens is a phenomenon in which, during the freezing process of underground water, water gathers near the frozen surface and lens-shaped ice crystals are formed. After that, the ice lens grows, leading to the uplift of the ground. In this way, the ground rises due to the freezing and volumetric expansion of underground moisture, which can cause damage such as tilting of facilities.

Measures to prevent frost heaving include the so-called ventilation pipe construction method, in which frost heave prevention pipes are installed, and the so-called double-floor construction method, in which an underground pit is created to remove the ground subject to frost heave from directly beneath the facility. . In the ventilation pipe construction method, a pipe (downward passage) made of PVC pipe or the like is buried to introduce outside air into the ground under the floor of the freezer.For example, a U-shaped pipe is buried underground. be done.

By the way, in a refrigeration facility with a large area, for example, if the freezers are concentrated near the center, it becomes necessary to extend the U-shaped pipe described above to just below the freezers in the center of the facility. However, there is a problem in that the cost of constructing refrigeration facilities increases because pipes are installed under the floor in areas of the facility that are not necessary for frost heaving countermeasures.

In addition, in the above-mentioned refrigeration facility having a large area, there are also problems such as the amount of ventilation naturally increasing from the viewpoint of ventilation performance and pressure loss increasing. In addition, since the inside of the pipe is low temperature, condensation water may adhere to the inside of the pipe during the summer when outside air is introduced into the pipe, so it is recommended to construct the pipe with a slope to allow drainage to the outside. Becomes common. Therefore, if the scale of the refrigeration facility is large and the pipes are long, it may be difficult to ensure the slope of the pipes required for this drainage. Furthermore, condensation countermeasures are also required in refrigeration facilities, such as wall spaces (the space between the side of the freezer, etc. and the wall) and ceiling spaces (the space between the top surface of the freezer, etc. and the ceiling). The construction cost required to prevent condensation as a whole increases, and this problem becomes even more pronounced in large-scale refrigeration facilities as described above.

For example, a specific example of a refrigeration facility is as follows. First, in order to introduce outside air into the pipes under the floor, install an under-floor fan at the outside air inlet or outside air exhaust port, and operate the under-floor fan to circulate outside air through the under-floor pipes and prevent frost heaving. Take measures against condensation inside the pipes. In addition to this, by installing fans specific to these spaces in the wall spaces and ceiling spaces, and operating the fans, we can prevent condensation in the wall spaces and ceiling spaces, and prevent condensation throughout the facility. This is a refrigeration facility that can prevent frost heaving of the ground. That is, a unique fan is installed in each location within the refrigeration facility, which tends to increase both the construction cost and running cost of the refrigeration facility.

Here, an underfloor ventilation piping with perforated pipes is installed in the crushed stone layer under the floor, and this ventilation piping takes in warm air from the exhaust heat of the outdoor freezer unit and outside air, and connects the outer wall and roof of the building to the freezer, etc. A method for preventing frost heaving under the floor has been proposed in which the air flowing into the space between the floor and the wall can be switched (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2004-069098

The underfloor frost heaving prevention method described in Patent Document 1 involves providing an underfloor crushed stone layer below the earthen concrete floor and burying an underfloor ventilation pipe in this underfloor crushed stone layer, so the above-mentioned ventilation pipe construction method is applied. Even if this underfloor frost heaving prevention method is applied, it is still difficult to solve the above-mentioned problem, that is, to provide a refrigeration facility that can prevent both frost heave and dew condensation at the lowest possible construction and running costs. Can not.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and is capable of preventing both frost heaving and dew condensation with a structure as simple as possible and with as low construction and running costs as possible. The purpose is to provide refrigeration facilities.

In order to achieve the above object, one aspect of the refrigeration facility according to the present invention is as follows:
A refrigeration facility comprising a floor, a wall, and a ceiling, in which a freezer is disposed in a storage space formed by the floor, the wall, and the ceiling,
a wall space is formed between a side surface of the freezer and the wall;
A ceiling space is formed between the top surface of the freezer and the ceiling,
A lower space is formed below the freezer,
A plurality of the freezers are arranged in the storage space via a separation space,
The wall space, the ceiling space, the separation space, and the lower space communicate with each other to form a fluid flow path,
An air supply port is provided in the wall, and an exhaust port is provided at an end of the lower space,
In the flow path, a fan is provided to circulate the fluid from the wall space through the ceiling space and the separation space to the lower space.

According to this aspect, in a configuration in which a plurality of freezers (for example, all low temperature chambers below 0° C.) are arranged in a storage space of a refrigeration facility via a separation space, a wall space, a ceiling space, and a separation space are provided. By installing a fan somewhere in the fluid flow path that communicates with the lower space (space under the floor), when this fan is activated, it will cause damage to the wall space, ceiling space, and even the space under the floor. Fluid such as outside air can be circulated throughout the entire lower space. That is, for example, with only one fan, it is possible to prevent both dew condensation throughout the refrigeration facility and frost heaving of the subfloor. Therefore, it also prevents condensation from condensation in the ceiling space and wall space, and by simplifying the distribution route for outside air, etc., the structure of the facility naturally becomes simpler, and it is possible to reduce both the construction cost and running cost of the refrigeration facility. become. Here, if the refrigeration facility is a one-story building, the ceiling becomes a roof, and the ceiling space becomes an attic space (attic space). On the other hand, if the refrigeration facility is a multi-story structure such as a two-story building, the ceiling is the ceiling of the first floor, and the ceiling space is the space under the floor between the ceiling of the first floor and the floor of the second floor, or the space under the ceiling of the first floor. .

For example, the fan may be attached as an air supply fan to an air supply port on a wall provided to introduce outside air, or may be installed at the end of a lower space to exhaust outside air that has passed through the flow path to the outdoors. It may be attached as an exhaust fan to an exhaust port located in the space, or it may be attached at an intermediate position in the separation space (for example, in a boundary area between the separation space and the lower space). For example, when using an exhaust fan, the air present in the ceiling space, which tends to become hot due to solar radiation, can be actively sent to the space below the floor, effectively heating the ground below the freezer even with a small air volume. can do. Therefore, for example, it is not necessary to apply a high-standard exhaust fan. On the other hand, when an air supply fan is used, outside air is actively introduced by the air supply fan, but the ground below the freezer is effectively heated by the outside air, which is hotter than the cold heat from the freezer. be able to.

In the refrigeration facility of this embodiment, the space below the floor may be formed by either the ventilation pipe construction method or the double floor construction method. In addition to these construction methods, the lower space may be formed using the so-called earth floor ventilation construction method, in which outside air or the like is circulated inside the floor above the earthen floor slab (earth floor concrete slab).

Further, another aspect of the refrigeration facility according to the present invention is characterized in that the periphery of the freezer is surrounded by a heat insulating foam, and the separation space is formed by the heat insulating foam on the left and right sides. .

According to this aspect, since the freezer is surrounded by the heat insulating foam, the separation space can be formed by the heat insulating foam provided in the freezers on the left and right sides thereof. With this configuration, the outside air flowing through the separation space is cooled by the cold heat from the freezer, and it is possible to suppress the frost heaving prevention effect from decreasing when it flows through the lower space.

Further, other aspects of the refrigeration facility according to the present invention include:
A refrigeration facility comprising a floor, a wall, and a ceiling, in which a freezer is disposed in a storage space formed by the floor, the wall, and the ceiling,
a wall space is formed between a side surface of the freezer and the wall;
A ceiling space is formed between the top surface of the freezer and the ceiling,
A downward space is formed below the freezer,
The storage space is provided with the freezer and a refrigerator or a room whose temperature is higher than that of the freezer, with a separation space interposed therebetween;
A heat insulation duct communicating with both the ceiling space and the lower space is arranged in the separation space,
The wall space, the ceiling space, the heat insulation duct, and the lower space communicate with each other to form a fluid flow path,
An air supply port is provided in the wall, and an exhaust port is provided at an end of the lower space,
In the flow path, a fan is provided that circulates the fluid from the wall space through the ceiling space and the heat insulation duct to the lower space.

According to this aspect, in the storage space of the refrigeration facility, a freezer (for example, a low-temperature room below 0 degrees Celsius), a refrigerator (for example, a storage room above 0 degrees Celsius), or a room (a work room, a conference room, etc.) are separated via separate spaces. In the case where the fan is installed in a fluid flow path where the wall space, the ceiling space, the heat insulation duct, and the lower space (space under the floor) communicate with each other, When this fan is operated, fluid such as outside air can be circulated throughout the wall space, the ceiling space, and even the lower space under the floor.

Furthermore, in this aspect, a heat insulation duct that communicates with both the ceiling space and the lower space is provided in the separation space, and this heat insulation duct serves as a component of the flow path. By arranging the heat insulation duct in the separated space in this way, for example, the room temperature of the refrigerator or room can be provided to the heat insulation duct, and the outside air flowing through the heat insulation duct can be kept at a relatively high temperature, and the temperature of the room below can be kept at a relatively high temperature. It becomes possible to guarantee the anti-frost heaving effect of the outside air etc. provided during the winter. In addition, it is preferable that multiple heat insulation ducts are provided in the separated space, and when the ventilation pipe method is applied, the lower space is formed by multiple pipes (PVC pipes, etc.), and each heat insulation duct is A plurality of flow paths are formed by connecting corresponding pipes.

Further, in another aspect of the refrigeration facility according to the present invention, the periphery of the freezer is surrounded by a heat insulating foam, and the refrigerator side or the room side in the separated space is non-insulated and ventilated. It is characterized by being provided with a partition wall that has a unique character.

According to this aspect, by surrounding the freezer with the insulation foam, frost heaving is prevented when the outside air flowing through the heat insulation duct in the separated space is cooled by the cold heat from the freezer and flows through the space below. It is possible to suppress the effect from decreasing. Furthermore, by providing a non-insulating and breathable partition wall on the refrigerator side or the room side in the separated space, for example, the room temperature refrigerator or room temperature is provided to the heat insulation duct, and the heat insulation duct In addition to keeping the outside air flowing inside the room at a relatively high temperature, the heat insulation duct is hidden from view by the partition wall when the separated space is viewed from the refrigerator side or room side, so the exposed heat insulation duct can be kept warm. This can prevent damage to the design of the facility due to this.

As can be understood from the above explanation, according to the refrigeration facility of the present invention, both frost heaving prevention and dew condensation prevention can be achieved with as simple a configuration as possible and with as low construction and running costs as possible. can be achieved.

It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing an example of the freezing facility concerning a 1st embodiment. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing an example of the freezing facility concerning a 2nd embodiment.

Hereinafter, an example of a refrigeration facility according to each embodiment will be described with reference to the attached drawings. Note that in this specification and the drawings, substantially the same constituent elements may be given the same reference numerals to omit redundant explanation.

[Refrigerating facility according to the first embodiment]
First, with reference to FIG. 1, a refrigeration facility according to a first embodiment will be described. Here, FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a refrigeration facility according to the first embodiment.

The refrigeration facility 100 includes a one-story building 10 having a floor 11, walls 12, and a ceiling 13 (roof), and a storage space S inside the building 10. 2) freezers 30. A crushed stone layer 21 is laid on the ground G, and a floor 11 made of an earthen concrete slab is provided on the crushed stone layer 21. Note that the floor 11 may be formed of a concrete slab with an earthen floor and a separate flooring material laid thereon.

The freezer 30 is a storage chamber whose interior is set to 0° C. or lower (for example, about -25° C.), and is surrounded by a heat insulating foam 35. Here, the heat insulating foam 35 is formed from a foam material such as expanded polystyrene, expanded styrene, polystyrene, styrene, or the like.

A wall space 16 is formed between the side surface 31 of the freezer 30 (the insulation foam 35 thereof) and the wall 12. Here, the wall 12 has a structure in which metal exterior and interior materials are joined by a base material (not shown) made of shaped steel such as channel steel, and is built on a cloth foundation 15 made of reinforced concrete. It is erected.

An air supply port 14 is provided at the lower end of the wall 12 (above the cloth foundation 15). In the illustrated example, air supply ports 14 are provided at the lower ends of the left and right walls 12, respectively.

On the other hand, a ceiling space 17 (attic space) is formed between the top surface 32 of the freezer 30 (the insulation foam 35 thereof) and the ceiling 13. Here, the ceiling 13 is formed of a metal roof made of steel plates, stainless steel plates, gallibarium steel plates, or corrugated plates or folded plates made of these plate materials coated with synthetic resin or plated. Although the illustrated example of the refrigeration facility 100 is a one-story facility, the refrigeration facility may be a multi-story facility such as a two-story building, and in this case, the space under the floor between the ceiling of the first floor and the floor of the second floor. The space under the ceiling on the first floor becomes the ceiling space.

Furthermore, a separation space 18 is formed between the left and right freezers 30. That is, the left and right freezers 30 are arranged in the storage space S in a separated state with the separation space 18 interposed therebetween.

A fan 40 is rotatably mounted below the separation space 18, that is, above the floor 11 in the separation space 18. Various types of fans can be applied to the fan 40, such as a propeller fan, a sirocco fan, a turbo fan, a mixed flow fan, and a line flow fan.

Furthermore, penetrating the floor 11 below the separation space 18 and further below the floor 11 below the freezer 30 is a linear downward space that slopes downward toward the cloth foundation 15 on the side inside the crushed stone layer 21. 19 are installed using the ventilation pipe construction method. This lower space 19 is formed of a PVC pipe or the like, and the tip of the lower space 19 communicates with an exhaust port 20 formed in a rising portion of the cloth foundation 15. In the illustrated example, two PVC pipes 19 extend downward from the separation space 18 and communicate with respective exhaust ports 20 of the left and right cloth foundations 15.

In this way, in the refrigeration facility 100, the flow path 25 is formed by the air supply port 14 provided in the wall 12, the wall space 16, the ceiling space 17, the separation space 18, the lower space 19, and the exhaust port 20. . The illustrated example of the refrigeration facility 100 includes two flow passages 25 on the left and right.

Here, the installation position of the fan 40 may be other than the illustrated example, such as a boundary area between the ceiling space 17 and the separation space 18. In any case, by installing the fan 40 at any position in the central separation space 18, the two flow passages 25 leading from the left and right air supply ports 14 to the separation space 18 can be connected as shown in the illustrated example. For example, it is possible to form the refrigeration facility 100 with one fan 40, so that the refrigeration facility 100 can be formed with the simplest possible configuration.

In the illustrated flow path 25, outside air (an example of a fluid) taken into the storage space S via the air supply port 14 is transferred to the freezer 30 via the wall space 16 and the ceiling space 17, which is generally warm due to solar heat reception. Air is supplied to the lower space 19 below. Therefore, this circulation of outside air can effectively prevent condensation that may occur on the side surface 31 on the wall space side, the top surface 32 on the ceiling space side, and the side surface on the separation space side around the freezer 30.

Furthermore, by circulating outside air through the ceiling space 17 and the like in the lower space 19 below the freezer 30, frost heave caused by cold heat from the freezer 30 can be effectively prevented. Note that by surrounding the freezer 30 with the heat insulating foam 35, the separation space 18 can be formed by the heat insulating foam 35 provided in the freezers 30 on the left and right sides thereof. With this configuration, the outside air flowing through the separation space 18 is cooled by the cold heat from the freezer 30, and it is possible to suppress the frost heaving prevention effect from decreasing when it flows through the lower space 19.

According to the refrigeration facility 100, by simply operating as few fans 40 as possible (one fan in the illustrated example), it is possible to prevent dew condensation inside the refrigeration facility 100 and to prevent frost heave on the ground below the refrigeration facility 100. Both can be achieved. Therefore, it is possible to prevent both frost heaving and dew condensation with the simplest possible configuration and the lowest possible construction and running costs. In addition, in the conventional refrigeration facility not equipped with the illustrated example of the flow path 25, in addition to being equipped with a fan that supplies outside air to the lower space to prevent condensation, a fan is also installed to prevent condensation in the wall space and ceiling space. It is necessary to separately provide a separate fan, and a plurality of unique fans are installed for each location within the refrigeration facility, which tends to increase both the construction cost and running cost of the refrigeration facility.

In the illustrated refrigeration facility 100, the lower space 19 is constructed using the ventilation pipe construction method, but the lower space 19 may also be constructed using the double floor construction method or the earth floor ventilation construction method. For example, when a lower space is constructed using the above-soil ventilation method, multiple insulation foams are layered, and multiple openings are opened in the lowest layer of insulation foam, and these openings are used as the lower space. be able to.

[Freezing facility according to second embodiment]
Next, with reference to FIG. 2, a refrigeration facility according to a second embodiment will be described. Here, FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing an example of a refrigeration facility according to the second embodiment.

The refrigeration facility 200 includes a refrigerator 30A and a freezer 30 on the left and right sides of the separation space 18 inside the accommodation space S. Here, while the freezer 30 is a storage room with a temperature below 0°C, the internal temperature of the refrigerator 30A is higher than 0°C, for example, around room temperature (about 10°C to 25°C), which is higher than that of the freezer 30. Items can be stored at different temperatures. Note that instead of the refrigerator 30A, a room such as a work space for workers (a work room, a conference room, etc.) may be provided.

In the refrigerator 30A, the heat insulating foam on the side of the separation space 18 is eliminated, and in its place, a partition wall 50 that is non-insulating and has ventilation is provided.

A heat retention duct 60 communicating with both the ceiling space 17 and the lower space 19 is arranged in the separation space 18 . Furthermore, the fan 40 is attached above the heat insulation duct 60.

In the refrigeration facility 200, the left and right air supply ports 14 provided in the wall 12, the left and right wall spaces 16, the left and right ceiling spaces 17, the heat insulation ducts 60 provided in the separation space 18, the lower space 19, and the exhaust air The port 20 forms a flow path 25A. Although one heat insulation duct 60 is illustrated in FIG. 2, a plurality of heat insulation ducts 60 are arranged in the depth direction of the paper, and a unique PVC pipe 19 is attached to each heat insulation duct 60. It may be a form. In addition, in the illustrated example, the lower end of one heat insulation duct 60 is split into two and attached to the left and right PVC pipes 19, but two heat insulation ducts 60 are installed in the separation space 18, and each heat insulation duct 60 is attached to the left and right PVC pipes 19. On the other hand, the left and right PVC pipes 19 may be attached.

In the refrigeration facility 200, a heat insulation duct 60 that communicates with both the ceiling space 17 and the lower space 19 is provided in the separation space 18, and this heat insulation duct 60 is a component of the flow path 25A. By arranging the heat retention duct 60 in the separation space 18 in this way, the temperature of the refrigerator 30A at room temperature can be provided to the heat retention duct 60, for example, and the outside air flowing through the heat retention duct 60 can be kept at a relatively high temperature. , it becomes possible to guarantee the frost heaving prevention effect of the outside air etc. provided to the lower space 19.

In addition, since the freezer 30 is surrounded by the heat insulating foam 35, the outside air flowing through the heat insulation duct 60 in the separation space 18 is cooled by the cold heat from the freezer 30, and when it flows through the lower space 19, It is possible to suppress the deterioration of the frost heaving prevention effect.

Further, on the refrigerator 30A side in the separation space 18, a non-insulating and breathable partition wall 50 is provided, so that, for example, the temperature of the refrigerator 30A at room temperature is provided to the heat insulation duct 60, and the heat insulation duct 60 The outside air flowing inside can be kept warm at a relatively high temperature, and when the separation space 18 is viewed from the refrigerator 30A side, the heat insulation duct 60 is hidden from view by the partition wall 50, so that the exposed heat insulation can be kept warm. It is possible to prevent the design of the facility from being impaired due to the duct 60.

Also, in the refrigeration facility 200, similarly to the refrigeration facility 100, by simply operating as few fans 40 as possible (one fan in the illustrated example), condensation inside the refrigeration facility 200 can be prevented and 200, it is possible to prevent both frost heave and dew condensation with the simplest configuration possible and the lowest possible construction and running costs. It becomes possible.

It should be noted that other embodiments may be adopted in which other components are combined with the configurations listed in the above embodiments, and the present invention is not limited to the configurations shown here. In this regard, changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and can be appropriately determined depending on the application form.

10: Building 11: Floor (earth floor concrete slab)
12: Wall 13: Ceiling (roof)
14: Air supply vent 15: Foundation 16: Wall space 17: Ceiling space (attic space)
18: Separation space 19: Lower space (PVC pipe)
20: Exhaust port 21: Crushed stone layer 25, 25A: Distribution path 30: Freezer 30A: Refrigerator 31: Side surface 32: Top surface 35: Insulation foam 40: Fan 50: Partition wall 60: Heat insulation duct 100, 200: Refrigeration facility S : Accommodation space G: Ground

Claims (4)

A refrigeration facility comprising a floor, a wall, and a ceiling, in which a freezer is disposed in a storage space formed by the floor, the wall, and the ceiling,
a wall space is formed between a side surface of the freezer and the wall;
A ceiling space is formed between the top surface of the freezer and the ceiling,
A downward space is formed below the freezer,
A plurality of the freezers are arranged in the accommodation space via a separation space,
The wall space, the ceiling space, the separation space, and the lower space communicate with each other to form a fluid flow path,
An air supply port is provided in the wall, and an exhaust port is provided at an end of the lower space,
A refrigeration facility characterized in that the flow path is provided with a fan that circulates the fluid from the wall space through the ceiling space and the separation space to the lower space. The refrigeration facility according to claim 1, wherein the freezer is surrounded by a heat insulating foam, and the separation space is formed by the left and right insulating foam. A refrigeration facility comprising a floor, a wall, and a ceiling, in which a freezer is disposed in a storage space formed by the floor, the wall, and the ceiling,
a wall space is formed between a side surface of the freezer and the wall;
A ceiling space is formed between the top surface of the freezer and the ceiling,
A downward space is formed below the freezer,
The storage space is provided with the freezer and a refrigerator or a room whose temperature is higher than that of the freezer, with a separation space interposed therebetween;
A heat insulation duct communicating with both the ceiling space and the lower space is arranged in the separation space,
The wall space, the ceiling space, the heat insulation duct, and the lower space communicate with each other to form a fluid flow path,
An air supply port is provided in the wall, and an exhaust port is provided at an end of the lower space,
A refrigeration facility characterized in that the flow path is provided with a fan that circulates the fluid from the wall space through the ceiling space and the heat insulation duct to the lower space. The freezer is surrounded by a heat insulating foam, and a non-insulating and breathable partition wall is provided on the refrigerator side or the room side of the separated space. The refrigeration facility according to claim 3, wherein:

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