JP2684968B2 - Artificial aquifer heat storage system - Google Patents
Artificial aquifer heat storage systemInfo
- Publication number
- JP2684968B2 JP2684968B2 JP5210242A JP21024293A JP2684968B2 JP 2684968 B2 JP2684968 B2 JP 2684968B2 JP 5210242 A JP5210242 A JP 5210242A JP 21024293 A JP21024293 A JP 21024293A JP 2684968 B2 JP2684968 B2 JP 2684968B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- heat
- water
- artificial aquifer
- heat storage
- artificial
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
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- Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、ビル冷暖房や地域冷暖
房などの大規模な蓄熱に使用する人工滞水層蓄熱システ
ムに関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an artificial aquifer heat storage system used for large-scale heat storage such as building cooling and heating and district cooling and heating.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来ビル空調用の蓄熱には水などの流体
のみを蓄熱体とするものが大部分であり、ビルの地下室
に鋼製もしくはコンクリート製の蓄熱槽を設置する場合
が殆どである。また、天然の滞水層を利用した蓄熱シス
テムも提案されている。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, most of the heat storage for air conditioning of buildings uses only a fluid such as water as a heat storage body, and in most cases, a heat storage tank made of steel or concrete is installed in the basement of the building. . A heat storage system using a natural aquifer has also been proposed.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】従来のビルの地下室に
蓄熱槽を設置し蓄熱体として流体を使用する蓄熱システ
ムにおいては、大容量の蓄熱を行うためには大容量の蓄
熱槽を設置する必要があり、地下室のスペースの関係
上、大容量の蓄熱は事実上不可能であるばかりでなく、
蓄熱槽内での流体の混合により蓄熱効率が低下する。ま
た、天然の滞水層を利用した蓄熱システムは、地下水の
流れを制御できないので実用的な蓄熱システムとは言え
ない。In a conventional heat storage system in which a heat storage tank is installed in a basement of a building and a fluid is used as a heat storage body, it is necessary to install a large capacity heat storage tank in order to store a large amount of heat. And because of the space in the basement, not only is it impossible to store a large amount of heat,
The heat storage efficiency decreases due to the mixing of fluids in the heat storage tank. Further, the heat storage system using a natural aquifer cannot be said to be a practical heat storage system because the flow of groundwater cannot be controlled.
【０００４】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、地下室の直下
に、大規模な人工滞水層を設置することにより、従来シ
ステムの問題点を解決するものであり、大規模建造物の
地下室の直下に、底面および側面が粘土層である不透水
層で囲まれ、内部に礫を密に充填した人工滞水層を設置
し、該人工滞水層の一端に熱源側と連結した水供給用の
配管を設け他端に熱需要地側と連結した水取出し用の配
管を設けた人工滞水層蓄熱システムにかかるものであ
る。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the problems of the conventional system by installing a large-scale artificial aquifer directly under the basement. Immediately underneath, an artificial aquifer layer surrounded by an impermeable layer whose bottom and side faces are clay layers and densely filled with gravel is installed inside, and one end of the artificial aquifer layer is connected to the heat source side for water supply. The present invention relates to an artificial aquifer heat storage system in which a pipe for water extraction is provided at the other end and is connected to the heat demand side.
【０００５】本発明の人工滞水層は地下室の直下の地中
に設置されるので、地下室スペースの制約を受けること
なく大型のものとすることができる。本発明の人工滞水
層には礫が空隙率0.15〜0.38、好ましくは0.15〜0.25に
なるように密に充填されており、人工滞水層自体が十分
な地耐力をもつので大型の人工滞水層を設置することで
大規模建造物に悪影響を及ぼすことはなく、充填された
礫は蓄熱体としての役割も果たす。本発明の人工滞水層
の底面および側面は粘土層である透水係数１０-5cm/sec
以下の不透水層で仕切られていて滞水層内の水流を自由
に制御できる。この不透水層の防水が不十分な場合はプ
ラスチック製の防水シートを併用してもよい。本発明の
人工滞水層の一端には熱源からの水供給用の配管が設け
られ他端には熱需要地に水を送る水取出し用の配管が設
けられている。供給された水は密に充填された礫の間隙
を所謂ダルシー流として流体の乱れが少なく定常的に他
端に向かって流れ、その際、熱の一部は礫に蓄熱される
ので、従来の温度成層型蓄熱槽に比して蓄熱効率の低下
も少なく有効に蓄熱される。Since the artificial aquifer of the present invention is installed in the ground directly below the basement, it can be made large without being restricted by the space of the basement. The artificial aquifer of the present invention is densely packed with gravel so as to have a porosity of 0.15 to 0.38, preferably 0.15 to 0.25. Installing a water layer does not adversely affect large-scale buildings, and the filled gravel also functions as a heat storage body. The bottom surface and side surfaces of the artificial aquifer of the present invention are clay layers. Permeability coefficient 10 −5 cm / sec.
It is partitioned by the following impermeable layers and the water flow in the aquifer can be controlled freely. When the waterproofness of the impermeable layer is insufficient, a plastic waterproof sheet may be used together. A pipe for supplying water from a heat source is provided at one end of the artificial aquifer of the present invention, and a pipe for taking out water for sending water to a heat demand area is provided at the other end. The supplied water flows steadily toward the other end in the densely filled gravel gap as a so-called Darcy flow with little turbulence of the fluid, and at that time, part of the heat is stored in the gravel. Compared with the temperature stratification type heat storage tank, the heat storage efficiency is less reduced and the heat is effectively stored.
【０００６】本発明によれば、水により供給された熱は
途中で礫と熱の授受を行いながら人工滞水層の滞留時間
（人工滞水層の長さ／水流速度）後に水取出し用配管に
到達するので、水流速度を調節することにより自由に熱
供給−蓄熱−熱の取出しのサイクルを設定することがで
きる。According to the present invention, the heat supplied by water exchanges heat with the gravel on the way, and after the residence time of the artificial aquifer (length of artificial aquifer / water flow velocity), a pipe for taking out water. Therefore, it is possible to freely set the cycle of heat supply-heat storage-heat extraction by adjusting the water flow rate.
【０００７】また、本発明によれば、人工滞水層の水流
はダルシー流であり流体の乱れが少ないので人工滞水層
を縦方向に分割し、一方に温水を他方に冷水をそれぞれ
流し複数の蓄熱システムを設定することが可能である。Further, according to the present invention, since the water flow in the artificial aquifer is a Darcy flow and there is little turbulence of the fluid, the artificial aquifer is divided in the vertical direction, and hot water is supplied to one side and cold water is supplied to the other side. It is possible to set up a heat storage system.
【０００８】[0008]
【実施例】以下図面を参照しながら本発明を説明する。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
【０００９】図１は本発明のシステムの１例を示す縦断
面図である。大規模建造物の地下室の直下に人工滞水層
１が設置され、その内部には礫が空隙率0.25に密に充填
されており底面および側面は粘土層２で防水されてい
る。人工滞水層１の一次側には水供給管３が配管されそ
の端部には複数の吹き出しノズルが設けられ、二次側に
は複数の吸い込みノズルを持つ水取出し管４が配管され
ている。人工滞水層１には熱源７により熱せられた温水
が水供給管３より供給され、その温水は滞留時間経過後
二次側の水取出し管４より取り出され循環ポンプ５によ
り空調設備６や熱需要地８に熱を供給して低温となり再
び熱源７に帰るという循環系を構成している。図示はし
てないが空調設備６や熱需要地８での熱需要がない場合
や熱需要が少ない場合には循環水の全量もしくは一部を
空調設備６や熱需要地８を経由することなく熱源７に循
環させる。熱源７としては通常のようにヒートポンプ、
太陽熱、燃焼熱などが使用される。以上は大規模暖房の
場合であるが、大規模冷房の場合には全く逆になり、冷
凍機や空冷などの冷却源７で冷却された冷水が人工滞水
層１に供給され、空調設備６や冷熱需要地８で熱を奪っ
て高温となり再び冷却源７に帰るという循環系を構成す
る。FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view showing an example of the system of the present invention. An artificial aquifer 1 is installed just below the basement of a large-scale building, and gravel is densely filled in the interior with a porosity of 0.25, and the bottom surface and side surfaces are waterproofed with a clay layer 2. A water supply pipe 3 is provided on the primary side of the artificial aquifer 1, a plurality of blowing nozzles is provided at the end thereof, and a water take-out pipe 4 having a plurality of suction nozzles is provided on the secondary side. . The hot water heated by the heat source 7 is supplied to the artificial aquifer 1 from the water supply pipe 3, and the hot water is taken out from the water take-out pipe 4 on the secondary side after the lapse of the residence time and is circulated by the circulation pump 5 to the air conditioner 6 and the heat source. A circulation system is constructed in which heat is supplied to the demand area 8 to reach a low temperature and returns to the heat source 7 again. Although not shown, when there is no heat demand in the air conditioning equipment 6 or the heat demand area 8 or when there is little heat demand, all or part of the circulating water does not go through the air conditioning equipment 6 or the heat demand area 8. Circulate to the heat source 7. As the heat source 7, a heat pump as usual,
Solar heat, combustion heat, etc. are used. The above is the case of large-scale heating, but in the case of large-scale cooling, the opposite is true, and the cold water cooled by the cooling source 7 such as a refrigerator or air cooling is supplied to the artificial aquifer 1 and the air conditioner 6 In addition, a circulation system is constructed in which heat is taken from the cold heat demanding area 8 to reach a high temperature and returns to the cooling source 7 again.
【００１０】図２は本発明のシステムを利用する１例と
して深夜電力を使用したヒートポンプにより加熱した温
水を一次側に供給し二次側でその熱により暖房する場合
の入口側と出口側の時間経過に伴う水温変化を示すグラ
フである。深夜にヒートポンプをt1時間運転して温水を
一次側に供給する、人工滞水層１の滞留時間t の経過後
から徐々に高温の温水が取り出せるようになり、t1時間
経過してもなお礫に蓄熱された熱の放出完了までのt2時
間温水が取り出せる。従って、滞留時間t 、運転時間t1
を適正に選定することによって、二次側で補助熱源を使
用しなくても昼間のビル暖房を行うことができる。FIG. 2 shows an example of using the system of the present invention. The time on the inlet side and the outlet side when hot water heated by a heat pump using midnight power is supplied to the primary side and the secondary side heats the heat. It is a graph which shows the water temperature change with progress. At midnight, the heat pump is operated for t 1 hour to supply hot water to the primary side. After the retention time t of the artificial aquifer 1, the hot water gradually becomes hot, and even after t 1 hour has passed. Hot water can be taken out for t 2 hours until the release of the heat accumulated in the gravel is completed. Therefore, the residence time t 1 and the operating time t 1
By properly selecting, the building can be heated in the daytime without using an auxiliary heat source on the secondary side.
【００１１】図３は十分に長い滞留時間をとれる場合の
人工滞水層１の一例の平面図である。冬の気温が低く、
冷房負荷の余り掛からない時期に冷水を一次側に供給し
て冷水域１０を形成しこの冷水域１０が約半年後に二次
側に到達した時から数箇月間この冷水を冷房に利用し、
夏の気温が高く、暖房負荷の余り掛からない時期に温水
を一次側に供給して温水域９を形成し温水域９こが約半
年後に二次側に到達した時から数箇月間この温水を暖房
に利用するシステムである。このようなシステムを採用
できるのは人工滞水層１の水流がダルシー流であり流体
の乱れが少ないので人工滞水層を流れ方向に分割できる
ことに基づく。FIG. 3 is a plan view of an example of the artificial aquifer 1 when a sufficiently long residence time can be obtained. Winter temperatures are low,
Cold water is supplied to the primary side at a time when the cooling load is not too much to form a cold water zone 10, and this cold water is used for cooling for several months after the cold water zone 10 reaches the secondary side after about six months,
Hot water is supplied to the primary side at a time when the summer temperature is high and the heating load is not so high to form the warm water zone 9, and this warm water is supplied for several months from the time when the warm water zone 9 reaches the secondary side after about six months. This is a system used for heating. The reason why such a system can be employed is that the artificial aquifer can be divided in the flow direction because the water flow in the artificial aquifer 1 is a Darcy flow and the turbulence of the fluid is small.
【００１２】図４は熱需要地が温熱および冷熱の両方を
必要とする場合の人工滞水層１の１例の平面図である。
この場合は一次側、二次側ともに配管をもう１組増設
し、３、３Ａ、４、４Ａを設ける。それぞれの配管の先
の電磁バルブ１１を部分的に閉めておく。この例では配
管３−４の系には温水を流し、配管３Ａ−４Ａの系には
冷水を流して熱需要地でそれぞれ暖房、冷房に利用す
る。温水域９および冷水域１０の大きさは電磁バルブ１
１の開閉により自由に調節することができる。温水域９
と冷水域１０との境界には物理的な仕切りはないが、人
工滞水層１の水流の乱れが少なく混合による熱損失が少
ないので、一つの人工滞水層１に温水域９と冷水域１０
とを共存させることができる。FIG. 4 is a plan view of an example of the artificial aquifer 1 in the case where the heat demand area requires both hot heat and cold heat.
In this case, add another set of piping on both the primary and secondary sides and install 3, 3A, 4, 4A. The electromagnetic valve 11 at the end of each pipe is partially closed. In this example, hot water is caused to flow in the system of the pipe 3-4, and cold water is caused to flow in the system of the pipes 3A-4A to be used for heating and cooling in heat demand areas, respectively. The sizes of the hot water area 9 and the cold water area 10 are electromagnetic valves 1
It can be freely adjusted by opening and closing 1. Warm water area 9
There is no physical partition between the cold water area 10 and the cold water area 10, but since the water flow in the artificial aquifer 1 is less turbulent and the heat loss due to mixing is less, one artificial aquifer 1 has a warm water area 9 and a cold water area. 10
And can coexist.
【００１３】[0013]
【発明の効果】（１）ビルの空調や地域冷暖房を対象と
した大型の蓄熱が行える。EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION (1) Large-scale heat storage for building air conditioning and district heating / cooling can be performed.
【００１４】（２）人工滞水層は十分な地耐力をもつの
で構造物の一部として考えることができ、大規模建造物
に悪影響を及ぼすことはなく、充填された礫は蓄熱体と
しての役割も果たす。(2) Since the artificial aquifer has sufficient bearing capacity, it can be considered as a part of the structure and does not adversely affect large-scale buildings. The filled gravel serves as a heat storage body. It also plays a role.
【００１５】（３）人工滞水層は天然の礫を粘土層の不
透水層に充填した構造であり、安価に構築できる。(3) The artificial aquifer has a structure in which natural gravel is filled in the impermeable layer of the clay layer and can be constructed at low cost.
【００１６】（４）人工滞水層には水を流しておくこと
以外には特にメンテナンスの必要がない。(4) No special maintenance is required other than flowing water into the artificial aquifer.
【００１７】（５）水流速度の調節により蓄熱時間（熱
供給時間帯との熱取出し時間帯との差）を自由に設定で
きる。(5) The heat storage time (difference between the heat supply time zone and the heat extraction time zone) can be freely set by adjusting the water flow velocity.
【００１８】（６）水流を分割することにより一つの人
工滞水層に温度の異なる複数の水流を共存させることが
でき、その複数の水流の蓄熱容量を自由に設定できる。(6) By dividing the water flow, a plurality of water flows having different temperatures can coexist in one artificial aquifer, and the heat storage capacities of the plurality of water flows can be freely set.
【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]
【図１】本発明のシステムの１例を示す縦断面図であ
る。FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view showing an example of a system of the present invention.
【図２】本発明のシステムを利用する１例の深夜電力を
使用したヒートポンプにより加熱した温水を一次側に供
給し二次側でその熱により暖房する場合の入口側と出口
側の時間経過に伴う水温変化を示すグラフである。[Fig. 2] Fig. 2 is a graph showing the elapsed time on the inlet side and the outlet side in the case where hot water heated by a heat pump using midnight power of the system of the present invention is supplied to the primary side and heated by the heat on the secondary side. It is a graph which shows the accompanying change in water temperature.
【図３】十分に長い滞留時間をとれる場合の人工滞水層
の１例の平面図である。FIG. 3 is a plan view of an example of an artificial aquifer when a sufficiently long residence time can be obtained.
【図４】熱需要地が温熱および冷熱の両方を必要とする
場合の人工滞水層の１例の平面図である。FIG. 4 is a plan view of an example of an artificial aquifer when a heat demand area requires both hot and cold heat.
１…人工滞水層、１Ａ…礫、２…粘土層、３…水供給
管、３Ａ…水供給管、４…水取出し管、４Ａ…水取出し
管、５…循環ポンプ、６…空調機、７…熱源（冷却
源）、８…熱需要地、９…温水域、１０…冷水域、１１
…電磁バルブ。1 ... Artificial aquifer, 1A ... Gravel, 2 ... Clay layer, 3 ... Water supply pipe, 3A ... Water supply pipe, 4 ... Water extraction pipe, 4A ... Water extraction pipe, 5 ... Circulation pump, 6 ... Air conditioner, 7 ... Heat source (cooling source), 8 ... Heat demand area, 9 ... Hot water area, 10 ... Cold water area, 11
... electromagnetic valve.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 戸梶 慎一 東京都調布市飛田給２丁目19番１号 鹿 島建設株式会社技術研究所内 (56)参考文献 特開 平５−118589（ＪＰ，Ａ) ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Shinichi Toji 2-19-1 Tobita-Su, Chofu-shi, Tokyo Kashima Construction Co., Ltd. Technical Research Institute (56) Reference JP 5-118589 (JP, A)
Claims (1)
よび側面が粘土層である不透水層で囲まれ、内部に礫を
密に充填した人工滞水層を設置し、該人工滞水層の一端
に熱源側と連結した水供給用の配管を設け他端に熱需要
地側と連結した水取出し用の配管を設けるともに、熱源
−人工滞水層−熱需要地−熱源の水循環系を構成してな
る人工滞水層蓄熱システム。1. An artificial aquifer, which is surrounded by an impermeable layer whose bottom and sides are clay layers and is densely filled with gravel, is installed directly below the basement of a large-scale building. A water supply pipe connected to the heat source side is provided at one end of the layer, and a water extraction pipe connected to the heat demand side is provided at the other end, and a water circulation system of heat source-artificial aquifer-heat demand site-heat source The artificial aquifer heat storage system that consists of.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5210242A JP2684968B2 (en) | 1993-08-25 | 1993-08-25 | Artificial aquifer heat storage system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5210242A JP2684968B2 (en) | 1993-08-25 | 1993-08-25 | Artificial aquifer heat storage system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0763378A JPH0763378A (en) | 1995-03-07 |
| JP2684968B2 true JP2684968B2 (en) | 1997-12-03 |
Family
ID=16586142
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5210242A Expired - Lifetime JP2684968B2 (en) | 1993-08-25 | 1993-08-25 | Artificial aquifer heat storage system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2684968B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP6190145B2 (en) * | 2013-04-18 | 2017-08-30 | 株式会社イゼナ | Heating and cooling system with underground heat storage layer that stores positive heat and negative heat |
| JP7221815B2 (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2023-02-14 | 三井住友建設株式会社 | Thermal insulation structure of thermal storage tank |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2636608B2 (en) * | 1991-10-31 | 1997-07-30 | 戸田建設株式会社 | Underground thermal storage tank |
-
1993
- 1993-08-25 JP JP5210242A patent/JP2684968B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0763378A (en) | 1995-03-07 |
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