JP7404895B2 - grain discriminator - Google Patents

grain discriminator Download PDF

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JP7404895B2
JP7404895B2 JP2020012803A JP2020012803A JP7404895B2 JP 7404895 B2 JP7404895 B2 JP 7404895B2 JP 2020012803 A JP2020012803 A JP 2020012803A JP 2020012803 A JP2020012803 A JP 2020012803A JP 7404895 B2 JP7404895 B2 JP 7404895B2
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light source
grain
plate member
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JP2021117201A (en
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学 池田
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Satake Corp
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Satake Corp
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Priority to PCT/JP2021/000910 priority patent/WO2021153235A1/en
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    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
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    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/85—Investigating moving fluids or granular solids

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Description

本発明は、穀粒の品質を判別するための穀粒判別器に関する。 The present invention relates to a grain discriminator for determining the quality of grains.

従来、穀粒に照射された光の透過光に基づいて穀粒の割れの有無などを判別するための穀粒判別器が知られている。例えば、特許文献１には、透明トレーの側方に配置された光源から、反射板を介して、透明トレーの下面に光を照射させる穀粒判別器が開示されている。 Conventionally, grain discriminators have been known for determining the presence or absence of cracks in grains based on the transmitted light of the light irradiated onto the grains. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a grain discriminator that irradiates light onto the lower surface of a transparent tray from a light source placed on the side of the transparent tray via a reflector.

特開２０１４－１７３８８４号公報Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2014-173884

特許文献１に開示された穀粒判別器では、光源が透明トレーの一側方に設けられているため、透明トレーの光源から遠い領域は、光源から近い領域よりも暗くなる。すなわち、透明トレーに載置された穀粒に照射される光の強度のむらが生じて、穀粒の品質の判別が正しく行われなくなるおそれがある。 In the grain discriminator disclosed in Patent Document 1, since the light source is provided on one side of the transparent tray, the area of the transparent tray that is far from the light source is darker than the area that is closer to the light source. That is, the intensity of the light irradiated onto the grains placed on the transparent tray may be uneven, and the quality of the grains may not be correctly determined.

本発明は、穀粒に照射される光の強度にむらが生じることを抑制することが可能な穀粒判別器を提供することを目的とする。 An object of the present invention is to provide a grain discriminator capable of suppressing unevenness in the intensity of light irradiated onto grains.

穀粒判別器が、光源と、光源が発する光を集光するレンズと、前記レンズによって集光される光を反射させる反射部と、判別対象の穀粒が載置されるとともに前記光が載置された穀粒に照射されるように、光透過性を有し、反射部で反射した光を下面で受けるプレート部材とを備え、前記反射部は、前記プレート部材に対して移動しないように設けられている。 The grain discriminator includes a light source, a lens that condenses light emitted by the light source, a reflection section that reflects the light condensed by the lens, and a grain discriminator on which grains to be discriminated are placed and the light is placed thereon. a plate member having a light transmittance and receiving light reflected by the reflecting part on a lower surface so as to irradiate the placed grain, and the reflecting part is arranged so as not to move with respect to the plate member. It is provided .

本発明によれば、穀粒に照射される光の強度にむらが生じることを抑制することができる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to suppress unevenness in the intensity of light irradiated onto grains.

第１の実施形態の穀粒判別器を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view showing a grain discriminator of a 1st embodiment. 第１の実施形態の穀粒判別器を示す平面図である。It is a top view showing the grain discriminator of a 1st embodiment. 図２のＡ－Ａ線矢視図である。3 is a view taken along the line AA in FIG. 2. FIG. 図３の一部拡大図である。4 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 3. FIG. 開口から出射する光の最大光度の向きを示す図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the direction of maximum luminous intensity of light emitted from an aperture. プレート部材が受ける光の照度を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the illuminance of the light which a plate member receives. 開口から出射する光の最大光度の向きを示す図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the direction of maximum luminous intensity of light emitted from an aperture. 第１の実施形態においてプレート部材が受ける光の照度を示す図である。It is a figure showing the illumination intensity of the light which a plate member receives in a 1st embodiment. 第２の実施形態の穀粒判別器の縦断面の一部拡大図である。It is a partially enlarged view of the vertical section of the grain discriminator of the second embodiment. 第２の実施形態においてプレート部材が受ける光の照度を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the illuminance of the light which a plate member receives in 2nd Embodiment. 別の形態のレンズを示す図である。It is a figure which shows the lens of another form. さらに別の形態のレンズを示す図である。It is a figure which shows the lens of still another form. さらに別の形態のレンズを示す図である。It is a figure which shows the lens of still another form.

以下、第１の実施形態に係る穀粒判別器について図面を用いて説明する。 The grain discriminator according to the first embodiment will be described below with reference to the drawings.

図１は、第１の実施形態の穀粒判別器を示す斜視図である。穀粒判別器１は、穀粒に光を照射するための機器であり、米、麦、豆、コーンなどの穀粒の品質を判別するために用いられる。 FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a grain discriminator according to a first embodiment. The grain discriminator 1 is a device for irradiating light onto grains, and is used to determine the quality of grains such as rice, wheat, beans, and corn.

例えば、胴割れが生じている米に対して光を照射した場合、胴割れ部分で光が反射する。そのため、胴割れ部分を透過する光の強度が弱くなり、胴割れ部分が暗く見える。したがって、米を透過する透過光の明暗によって、胴割れの有無、および胴割れの大きさなどの判別をすることができる。 For example, when light is irradiated onto rice that has cracked shells, the light is reflected at the cracked parts. Therefore, the intensity of the light that passes through the cracked part of the shell becomes weaker, and the split part of the shell appears dark. Therefore, the presence or absence of shell cracks and the size of the shell cracks can be determined by the brightness and darkness of the transmitted light that passes through the rice.

穀粒判別器１は、本体２とプレート部材３とを備える。 The grain discriminator 1 includes a main body 2 and a plate member 3.

本体２は、例えば、箱型に形成される。本体２には、プレート部材３の下面に向けて光を照射するための各種機器が内蔵される。 The main body 2 is formed into a box shape, for example. The main body 2 includes various devices for irradiating light toward the lower surface of the plate member 3.

プレート部材３は、判別対象の穀粒を載置するための部材である。プレート部材３は、プレート状に形成される。プレート部材３は、本体２の上面に設置される。プレート部材３は、例えば、透明な合成樹脂で形成される。ただし、プレート部材３は、光透過性を有する材料で形成されていればよい。 The plate member 3 is a member on which grains to be determined are placed. The plate member 3 is formed into a plate shape. The plate member 3 is installed on the upper surface of the main body 2. The plate member 3 is made of, for example, transparent synthetic resin. However, the plate member 3 only needs to be formed of a material that has optical transparency.

図２は、第１の実施形態の穀粒判別器１を示す平面図である。 FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the grain discriminator 1 of the first embodiment.

本体２は、例えば、平面視で矩形に形成される。本体２の形状は、平面視で、矩形に限られず、円形、３角形、６角形などの多角形に形成されてもよい。 The main body 2 is, for example, formed in a rectangular shape in plan view. The shape of the main body 2 is not limited to a rectangle in plan view, but may be formed into a polygon such as a circle, a triangle, or a hexagon.

プレート部材３は、例えば、平面視で円形に形成される。プレート部材３の形状は、平面視で、円形に限られず、楕円形、多角形に形成されてもよい。 The plate member 3 is, for example, formed in a circular shape in plan view. The shape of the plate member 3 is not limited to a circle in plan view, but may be formed into an ellipse or a polygon.

図３は、図２のＡ－Ａ線矢視図である。本体２は、内部に光源収容部４、レンズ５、および反射部６を備える。 FIG. 3 is a view taken along line AA in FIG. The main body 2 includes a light source housing section 4, a lens 5, and a reflecting section 6 inside.

光源収容部４は、本体２の内側面に沿って配置される横長形状の部材である。光源収容部４は、本体２の４つのすべての内側面に沿って配置される。ただし、光源収容部４は、複数の内側面のうちの少なくとも１つの内側面に沿って配置されていればよい。 The light source accommodating portion 4 is a horizontally elongated member arranged along the inner surface of the main body 2 . The light source accommodating portion 4 is arranged along all four inner surfaces of the main body 2. However, the light source accommodating portion 4 only needs to be arranged along at least one of the plurality of inner surfaces.

レンズ５は、各光源収容部４から見て本体２の内側方向に、各光源収容部４に隣合うように配置される。 The lens 5 is arranged inward of the main body 2 when viewed from each light source accommodating part 4 so as to be adjacent to each light source accommodating part 4 .

反射部６は、本体２内部の中央に、本体２の底面に平行に配置される。すなわち、光源収容部４は、反射部６の周辺領域に反射部６を囲むように配置される。 The reflecting section 6 is arranged at the center inside the main body 2 and parallel to the bottom surface of the main body 2. That is, the light source accommodating part 4 is arranged in the peripheral area of the reflecting part 6 so as to surround the reflecting part 6.

次に、光源収容部４、レンズ５および反射部６の各構成について詳細に説明する。 Next, each structure of the light source housing part 4, the lens 5, and the reflecting part 6 will be explained in detail.

図４は、図３の一部拡大図である。 FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 3.

光源収容部４は、光源７を収容する部材である。光源収容部４は、取付部４１、第１の導光部４２、および第２の導光部４３を有する。 The light source accommodating portion 4 is a member that accommodates the light source 7. The light source housing part 4 has a mounting part 41 , a first light guide part 42 , and a second light guide part 43 .

取付部４１は、光源７が取り付けられる取付面４１１を有する。取付面４１１には、１つまたは２つ以上の光源７が取り付けられる。 The mounting portion 41 has a mounting surface 411 to which the light source 7 is mounted. One or more light sources 7 are attached to the attachment surface 411.

取付面４１１は、光を反射させてこの光をレンズ５に導く面である。取付面４１１は、例えば、白色のつやのある面である。取付面４１１は、例えば、平面である。取付面４１１は、穀粒判別器１が水平面に置かれた場合、本体２の外側方向、かつ、斜め下方に向けられている。 The mounting surface 411 is a surface that reflects light and guides the light to the lens 5. The mounting surface 411 is, for example, a white glossy surface. The mounting surface 411 is, for example, a flat surface. The mounting surface 411 is directed toward the outside of the main body 2 and diagonally downward when the grain discriminator 1 is placed on a horizontal surface.

第１の導光部４２は、取付部４１の上端に接続される部分である。第１の導光部４２は、光を反射させる第１の導光面４２１を有する。第１の導光面４２１は、例えば、白色のつやのある面である。第１の導光面４２１は、例えば、平面である。第１の導光部４２は、第１の導光面４２１と取付面４１１とが、例えば、直角をなすように取付部４１に接続される。 The first light guide portion 42 is a portion connected to the upper end of the attachment portion 41 . The first light guide section 42 has a first light guide surface 421 that reflects light. The first light guide surface 421 is, for example, a white glossy surface. The first light guide surface 421 is, for example, a plane. The first light guiding section 42 is connected to the mounting section 41 such that the first light guiding surface 421 and the mounting surface 411 form a right angle, for example.

第２の導光部４３は、第１の導光部４２の下端に接続される部分である。第２の導光部４３は、取付面４１１に対向する位置に、光を反射させる第２の導光面４３１を有する。第２の導光面４３１は、例えば、白色のつやのある面である。第２の導光面４３１は、例えば、平面である。 The second light guide section 43 is a part connected to the lower end of the first light guide section 42 . The second light guide section 43 has a second light guide surface 431 that reflects light at a position facing the mounting surface 411 . The second light guide surface 431 is, for example, a white glossy surface. The second light guide surface 431 is, for example, a plane.

第２の導光部４３は、第２の導光面４３１が第１の導光面４２１との間で鋭角を形成するように第１の導光部４２に接続される。また、第２の導光面４３１は、反射部６に対して傾斜して形成される。 The second light guide section 43 is connected to the first light guide section 42 such that the second light guide surface 431 forms an acute angle with the first light guide surface 421 . Further, the second light guiding surface 431 is formed to be inclined with respect to the reflecting section 6.

第２の導光面４３１が反射部６に対して傾斜しているため、第２の導光面４３１が反射部６に平行に形成されている場合よりも、光源収容部４の幅を小さくすることができる。ここで、光源収容部４の幅とは、光源収容部４の水平方向であって光源収容部４の長手方向に直交する方向の幅である。すなわち、図４に図示された光源収容部４の左右方向の幅である。光源収容部４の幅を小さくすることにより、穀粒判別器１を小型化することができる。 Since the second light guiding surface 431 is inclined with respect to the reflecting section 6, the width of the light source accommodating section 4 can be made smaller than when the second light guiding surface 431 is formed parallel to the reflecting section 6. can do. Here, the width of the light source accommodating part 4 is the width of the light source accommodating part 4 in the horizontal direction and in the direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the light source accommodating part 4. That is, it is the width in the left-right direction of the light source housing section 4 illustrated in FIG. By reducing the width of the light source accommodating portion 4, the grain discriminator 1 can be downsized.

また、第１の導光面４２１と第２の導光面４３１とが鋭角を形成するように配置されているため、第１の導光面４２１が第２の導光面４３１に直角に接続される場合よりも、光源収容部４の高さを低くすることができる。その結果、穀粒判別器１を小型化することができる。 In addition, since the first light guide surface 421 and the second light guide surface 431 are arranged to form an acute angle, the first light guide surface 421 is connected to the second light guide surface 431 at a right angle. The height of the light source accommodating part 4 can be made lower than that in the case where the light source accommodating part 4 is used. As a result, the grain discriminator 1 can be downsized.

取付面４１１、第１の導光面４２１、および第２の導光面４３１は、上記構成により光源７を収容する収容空間を形成する。つまり、取付面４１１、第１の導光面４２１、および第２の導光面４３１は、それぞれ、光源７を収容する収容空間を形成する面の一部である。また、第１の導光面４２１に対向する領域には、光源７が発する光を通過させる長穴状の開口が形成される。 The mounting surface 411, the first light guide surface 421, and the second light guide surface 431 form an accommodation space that accommodates the light source 7 with the above configuration. That is, the mounting surface 411, the first light guide surface 421, and the second light guide surface 431 are each part of a surface that forms the accommodation space that accommodates the light source 7. Further, in a region facing the first light guide surface 421, an elongated opening is formed through which the light emitted from the light source 7 passes.

なお、取付面４１１、第１の導光面４２１、および第２の導光面４３１はそれぞれ、曲面で形成されていてもよい。この場合、各面は滑らかに接続するように形成される。 Note that the mounting surface 411, the first light guide surface 421, and the second light guide surface 431 may each be formed with a curved surface. In this case, each surface is formed to connect smoothly.

光源７は、例えば、蛍光灯、ＬＥＤ（Ｌｉｇｈｔ Ｅｍｉｔｔｉｎｇ Ｄｉｏｄｅ）で構成される。 The light source 7 is composed of, for example, a fluorescent lamp or an LED (Light Emitting Diode).

光源７が発した光は、取付面４１１、第１の導光面４２１、または第２の導光面４３１で一回、もしくは複数回反射して、開口に向かう。開口に到達した光は、レンズ５に入射する。 The light emitted by the light source 7 is reflected once or multiple times by the mounting surface 411, the first light guide surface 421, or the second light guide surface 431, and then heads toward the opening. The light that has reached the aperture enters the lens 5.

レンズ５は、光源収容部４の開口に配置され、光源７が発して開口に到達した光を集光する。レンズ５は、例えば、受光面が凸状のレンズである。レンズ５は、例えば、円柱状に形成されたシリンドリカルレンズである。 The lens 5 is disposed at the opening of the light source accommodating section 4 and collects the light emitted by the light source 7 and reaching the opening. The lens 5 is, for example, a lens with a convex light receiving surface. The lens 5 is, for example, a cylindrical lens formed into a columnar shape.

反射部６は、例えば、平面視略矩形の板状に形成される部材である。反射部６の一辺の長さは、プレート部材３の底面の直径よりも大きく形成される。したがって、図４に示すように、反射部６の外周部はプレート部材３の外周部よりも外側に位置することになる。これにより、反射部６は、プレート部材３の底面の全領域に向けて光を反射させることができる。換言すれば、プレート部材３の底面は、反射部６からの光を底面の全領域で受けることができる大きさに設定される。なお、図４に示すプレート部材３は、プレート部材３の水平方向の位置を示すために本体２中に仮想的に示したものであり、実際は上述したように、本体２の上に載置される。 The reflecting portion 6 is, for example, a member formed in a plate shape that is substantially rectangular in plan view. The length of one side of the reflecting portion 6 is formed to be larger than the diameter of the bottom surface of the plate member 3. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, the outer circumferential portion of the reflecting portion 6 is located outside the outer circumferential portion of the plate member 3. Thereby, the reflecting section 6 can reflect light toward the entire area of the bottom surface of the plate member 3. In other words, the bottom surface of the plate member 3 is set to a size that allows the entire area of the bottom surface to receive the light from the reflecting section 6. Note that the plate member 3 shown in FIG. 4 is imaginary shown in the main body 2 to show the horizontal position of the plate member 3, and in reality, as described above, it is placed on the main body 2. Ru.

反射部６は、レンズ５によって集光された光をプレート部材３の下面に向けて反射させる反射面６１を有する。反射面６１は、例えば黒色に形成される。また、反射面６１は、つやのない面で形成される。これにより、光源７の輪郭が反射面６１に映り込むことを防止することができる。また、プレート部材３に載置された穀粒の像が反射面６１に映り込むことを防止することができる。 The reflecting section 6 has a reflecting surface 61 that reflects the light focused by the lens 5 toward the lower surface of the plate member 3. The reflective surface 61 is formed, for example, in black. Further, the reflective surface 61 is formed of a matte surface. This can prevent the outline of the light source 7 from being reflected on the reflective surface 61. Further, it is possible to prevent the image of the grain placed on the plate member 3 from being reflected on the reflective surface 61.

反射面６１で反射した光は、透明な合成樹脂で形成されたプレート部材３を透過し、プレート部材３に載置された穀粒を照らす。なお、本実施の形態では、本体２の４つの内側面に沿って配置された光源収容部４からの光が、順次切り換えられてプレート部材３の下面を照射する。 The light reflected by the reflective surface 61 passes through the plate member 3 made of transparent synthetic resin and illuminates the grains placed on the plate member 3. In addition, in this embodiment, the light from the light source accommodating parts 4 arranged along the four inner surfaces of the main body 2 is sequentially switched and illuminates the lower surface of the plate member 3.

上述したように、穀粒判別器１が水平面に置かれたとき、取付面４１１は、本体２の外側方向、かつ、斜め下方を向いている。つまり、光源７は、反射面６１が配置されている方向とは異なる方向に向けて光を発し、レンズ５は、取付面４１１、第１の導光面４２１および第２の導光面４３１で反射した光を受けることになる。その結果、光源７からの光がある程度拡散するため、光源７の輪郭が反射面６１に映り込むことを防止することができる。 As described above, when the grain discriminator 1 is placed on a horizontal surface, the mounting surface 411 faces toward the outside of the main body 2 and diagonally downward. That is, the light source 7 emits light in a direction different from the direction in which the reflective surface 61 is arranged, and the lens 5 has the mounting surface 411, the first light guide surface 421, and the second light guide surface 431. It will receive reflected light. As a result, the light from the light source 7 is diffused to some extent, so that the outline of the light source 7 can be prevented from being reflected on the reflective surface 61.

ここで、図５～図８を用いてレンズ５の配置および作用について詳細に説明する。 Here, the arrangement and operation of the lens 5 will be explained in detail using FIGS. 5 to 8.

図５は、開口から出射する光の最大光度の向きを示す図である。図５は、光源収容部４の開口にレンズが配置されていない穀粒判別器１の縦断面の一部を示している。 FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the direction of maximum luminous intensity of light emitted from the aperture. FIG. 5 shows a part of a vertical cross section of the grain discriminator 1 in which no lens is disposed in the opening of the light source accommodating part 4.

光源収容部４の開口にレンズが配置されていない場合、開口から出射する光の最大光度の向きは、概ね、第２の導光面４３１に平行に反射面６１へ向かう向き（太い矢印Ａ１で示す向き）である。つまり、光源７が発した光は、反射面６１の光源７側の端部付近、例えば反射面６１の端部からｌ1［ｍｍ］の位置をもっとも明るく照らしている。その結果、反射面６１で反射する光はプレート部材３の光源側を明るく照らすことになる。なお、太い矢印Ａ２は、反射面６１で反射した光の向きを示している。 When no lens is disposed in the opening of the light source accommodating part 4, the direction of the maximum luminous intensity of the light emitted from the opening is generally parallel to the second light guide surface 431 toward the reflective surface 61 (indicated by thick arrow A1). direction). In other words, the light emitted by the light source 7 shines brightest near the end of the reflective surface 61 on the light source 7 side, for example, at a position l 1 [mm] from the end of the reflective surface 61. As a result, the light reflected by the reflective surface 61 brightly illuminates the light source side of the plate member 3. Note that the thick arrow A2 indicates the direction of the light reflected by the reflective surface 61.

図６は、図５に示す構成の穀粒判別器１において、プレート部材３に照射される光の照度を示す図である。横軸は光源７からの水平方向の距離を示し、縦軸はプレート部材３が受ける光の照度を示している。 FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the illuminance of light irradiated onto the plate member 3 in the grain discriminator 1 having the configuration shown in FIG. The horizontal axis indicates the horizontal distance from the light source 7, and the vertical axis indicates the illuminance of the light received by the plate member 3.

開口にレンズ５が配置されていない場合、図６に示すように、光源７に近い領域では照度が高く、光源７から遠い領域では照度が低くなる。すなわち、プレート部材３の両端間において、受ける光の照度の差が大きい。 When the lens 5 is not arranged in the aperture, as shown in FIG. 6, the illuminance is high in the area close to the light source 7, and the illuminance is low in the area far from the light source 7. That is, there is a large difference in the illuminance of the received light between both ends of the plate member 3.

図７は、開口から出射する光の最大光度の向きを示す図である。図７は、光源収容部４の開口にレンズ５が配置されている穀粒判別器１の縦断面の一部を示している。レンズ５が光源収容部４の開口に配置されている場合、レンズ５は、開口を通過する光を集光するとともに光が進む向きを変化させる。 FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the direction of maximum luminous intensity of light emitted from the aperture. FIG. 7 shows a part of a vertical cross section of the grain discriminator 1 in which the lens 5 is arranged in the opening of the light source accommodating part 4. When the lens 5 is disposed in the opening of the light source accommodating part 4, the lens 5 condenses the light passing through the opening and changes the direction in which the light travels.

図７に示すとおり、取付面４１１と第２の導光面４３１との間の凸面がレンズ５の受光面となり、レンズ５は受光面で光を受けて、この光の最大光度の向きを変化させる。換言すれば、レンズ５は、レンズ５に入射する光の最大光度の向きとレンズ５から出射する光の最大光度の向きとが異なるように配置されている。 As shown in FIG. 7, the convex surface between the mounting surface 411 and the second light guiding surface 431 becomes the light receiving surface of the lens 5, and the lens 5 receives light on the light receiving surface and changes the direction of the maximum luminous intensity of this light. let In other words, the lens 5 is arranged such that the direction of the maximum luminous intensity of the light that enters the lens 5 and the direction of the maximum luminous intensity of the light that exits from the lens 5 are different.

図７に示すように開口にレンズ５が配置されている場合は、開口にレンズ５が配置されていない場合よりも、光の最大光度の向き（太い矢印Ａ１で示す向き）が反射面６１の中心寄りになる。つまり、もっとも明るく照らされる反射面６１上の位置は、例えば、反射面６１の端部からｌ２［ｍｍ］の位置となる。このｌ２［ｍｍ］は、図５に示すｌ１［ｍｍ］よりも大きい値である。 As shown in FIG. 7, when the lens 5 is arranged at the aperture, the direction of the maximum luminous intensity of the light (the direction indicated by the thick arrow A1) is more closely aligned with the reflecting surface 61 than when the lens 5 is not arranged at the aperture. Become closer to the center. That is, the position on the reflective surface 61 that is illuminated most brightly is, for example, a position l 2 [mm] from the end of the reflective surface 61. This l 2 [mm] is a larger value than l 1 [mm] shown in FIG. 5.

図８は、図７に示す第１の実施形態に係る穀粒判別器１において、プレート部材３が受ける光の照度を示す図である。横軸は光源７からの水平方向の距離を示し、縦軸は照度を示している。 FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the illuminance of light received by the plate member 3 in the grain discriminator 1 according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. The horizontal axis indicates the horizontal distance from the light source 7, and the vertical axis indicates the illuminance.

開口にレンズ５が配置された穀粒判別器１では、開口にレンズ５が配置されていない穀粒判別器１と比べて、プレート部材３の両端間において、受ける光の照度の差が小さい。すなわち、第１の実施形態に係る穀粒判別器１では、プレート部材３に照射される光の強度にむらが生じることを抑制することができる。 In the grain discriminator 1 in which the lens 5 is disposed in the aperture, the difference in the illuminance of the light received between both ends of the plate member 3 is smaller than in the grain discriminator 1 in which the lens 5 is not disposed in the aperture. That is, in the grain discriminator 1 according to the first embodiment, it is possible to suppress unevenness in the intensity of light irradiated onto the plate member 3.

その結果、プレート部材３に載置された穀粒に対してより均一に光が照射されるため、穀粒の判別が正しく行なわれる。 As a result, the grains placed on the plate member 3 are more uniformly irradiated with light, so that the grains can be correctly identified.

なお、図７に示すように開口にレンズ５が配置された場合、反射面６１の光源側の最端部に向かう光は、レンズ５によって反射面６１の中心寄りに集光される。そのため、図８に示すように、プレート部材３の、光源７にもっとも近い領域の照度は低くなる。 Note that when the lens 5 is arranged in the opening as shown in FIG. 7, the light directed toward the end of the reflective surface 61 on the light source side is focused by the lens 5 toward the center of the reflective surface 61. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 8, the illuminance of the region of the plate member 3 closest to the light source 7 becomes low.

次に、第２の実施形態に係る穀粒判別器１について説明する。 Next, a grain discriminator 1 according to a second embodiment will be described.

図９は、第２の実施形態の穀粒判別器１の縦断面の一部拡大図である。第２の実施形態の穀粒判別器１では、レンズ５と第２の導光面４３１との間に隙間が設けられている。このレンズ５の配置以外の構成については、第２の実施形態に係る穀粒判別器１は、第１の実施形態に係る穀粒判別器１と同じである。 FIG. 9 is a partially enlarged longitudinal cross-sectional view of the grain discriminator 1 of the second embodiment. In the grain discriminator 1 of the second embodiment, a gap is provided between the lens 5 and the second light guide surface 431. Regarding the configuration other than the arrangement of this lens 5, the grain discriminator 1 according to the second embodiment is the same as the grain discriminator 1 according to the first embodiment.

レンズ５と第２の導光面４３１との間の隙間により、光源７が発する光の一部は、レンズ５を透過せずに、直接、反射面６１に向かう。つまり、この隙間は、収容空間からの光を反射部６に向けて通過させる。レンズ５を透過せずに反射面６１で反射した光は、レンズ５を透過して、あるいは、レンズ５を透過せずにプレート部材３の下面に照射される。なお、この隙間の寸法は、例えば、直径が１５［ｍｍ］のシリンドリカルレンズをレンズ５として用いた場合、３［ｍｍ］程度に設定される。このとき、取付部４１の下端と第２の導光面４３１との距離、すなわち、開口の上端と下端との間の寸法は、１８［ｍｍ］以下である。換言すれば、この開口の上端と下端との間の寸法は、レンズ５の直径と隙間の寸法の合計値と同じか、もしくはそれよりも小さくなるように、レンズ５の大きさなどに応じて設定される。 Due to the gap between the lens 5 and the second light guiding surface 431, a portion of the light emitted by the light source 7 does not pass through the lens 5 and directly heads toward the reflective surface 61. In other words, this gap allows light from the accommodation space to pass toward the reflecting section 6. The light reflected by the reflective surface 61 without passing through the lens 5 passes through the lens 5 or is irradiated onto the lower surface of the plate member 3 without passing through the lens 5. Note that, for example, when a cylindrical lens with a diameter of 15 [mm] is used as the lens 5, the dimension of this gap is set to about 3 [mm]. At this time, the distance between the lower end of the attachment part 41 and the second light guide surface 431, that is, the dimension between the upper end and the lower end of the opening, is 18 [mm] or less. In other words, the dimension between the upper end and the lower end of this opening is set according to the size of the lens 5, etc., so that it is equal to or smaller than the total value of the diameter of the lens 5 and the dimension of the gap. Set.

図１０は、図９に示す第２の実施形態に係る穀粒判別器１において、プレート部材３が受ける光の照度を示す図である。横軸は光源７からの水平方向の距離を示し、縦軸は照度を示している。 FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the illuminance of light received by the plate member 3 in the grain discriminator 1 according to the second embodiment shown in FIG. The horizontal axis indicates the horizontal distance from the light source 7, and the vertical axis indicates the illuminance.

図１０に示すように、第２の実施形態に係る穀粒判別器１では、第１の実施形態に係る穀粒判別器１と同様に、プレート部材３は、全幅にわたって、概ね均一に光を受ける。すなわち第２の実施形態に係る穀粒判別器１では、プレート部材３に照射される光の強度にむらが生じることを抑制することができる。 As shown in FIG. 10, in the grain discriminator 1 according to the second embodiment, the plate member 3 emits light almost uniformly over the entire width, similarly to the grain discriminator 1 according to the first embodiment. receive. That is, in the grain discriminator 1 according to the second embodiment, it is possible to suppress unevenness in the intensity of light irradiated onto the plate member 3.

また、第２実施形態に係る穀粒判別器１では、レンズ５と第２の導光面４３１との間に隙間が設けられている。そのため、反射面６１の光源７側の端部にもレンズ５を透過しない光が直接照射される。結果として、プレート部材３の光源７側の端部、すなわち、プレート部材３の底面の外周部分にも光が照射され、プレート部材３は全幅にわたってより均一に光を受けることができる。 Further, in the grain discriminator 1 according to the second embodiment, a gap is provided between the lens 5 and the second light guide surface 431. Therefore, the light that does not pass through the lens 5 is also directly irradiated to the end of the reflective surface 61 on the light source 7 side. As a result, the end of the plate member 3 on the light source 7 side, that is, the outer peripheral portion of the bottom surface of the plate member 3 is also irradiated with light, and the plate member 3 can receive light more uniformly over its entire width.

その結果、プレート部材３に載置された穀粒に対してより均一に光が照射されるため、穀粒の判別が正しく行なわれる。 As a result, the grains placed on the plate member 3 are more uniformly irradiated with light, so that the grains can be correctly identified.

なお、図７および図９では、断面が円形に形成されたシリンドリカルレンズを図示しているが、レンズ５は、受光面が凸状に形成されていればよい。例えば、レンズ５は、図１１に示すように、出射面が平面で形成されるかまぼこ型のレンズ５であってもよい。また、図１２に示すように、レンズ５の断面が楕円で形成されてもよい。すなわち、レンズの受光面の凸状は湾曲面を備えているものであれば良い。 Note that although FIGS. 7 and 9 illustrate a cylindrical lens having a circular cross section, the lens 5 may have a light receiving surface formed in a convex shape. For example, as shown in FIG. 11, the lens 5 may be a semicylindrical lens 5 having a flat exit surface. Further, as shown in FIG. 12, the lens 5 may have an elliptical cross section. That is, the convex shape of the light receiving surface of the lens may be any curved surface.

また、図１３に示すように、レンズ５は、円形の凸レンズであってもよい。この場合、レンズ５は、開口に沿って複数配置される。レンズ５が円形の凸レンズで形成される場合、レンズ５が互いに接する接触部付近には、開口から反射面６１に向かう光が通過する隙間が形成される。この隙間から出射する光によって反射面６１の端部付近に光が照射される。そのため、プレート部材３の外周部分にも均一に光を照射することができる。その結果、プレート部材３に載置された穀粒に対してより均一に光が照射されるため、穀粒の判別が正しく行なわれる。 Further, as shown in FIG. 13, the lens 5 may be a circular convex lens. In this case, a plurality of lenses 5 are arranged along the aperture. When the lens 5 is formed of a circular convex lens, a gap is formed near the contact portion where the lenses 5 touch each other, through which light traveling from the opening toward the reflective surface 61 passes. The light emitted from this gap irradiates the vicinity of the end of the reflective surface 61 with light. Therefore, the outer peripheral portion of the plate member 3 can also be uniformly irradiated with light. As a result, the grains placed on the plate member 3 are more uniformly irradiated with light, so that the grains can be correctly identified.

なお、上述した各実施の形態では、穀粒判別器１の箱型に形成された本体２内部に別途光源収容部４を設けて光源７を設けているが、これに限られない。本体の内部に光源を設けて光源収容部を形成するようにしても良い。この場合、光源を内蔵した本体内部が光源を収容する収容空間を形成することになり、本発明の光源収容部に相当する。 In addition, in each embodiment mentioned above, although the light source accommodating part 4 is provided separately and the light source 7 is provided inside the main body 2 formed in the box shape of the grain discriminator 1, it is not restricted to this. A light source may be provided inside the main body to form a light source accommodating portion. In this case, the interior of the main body housing the light source forms a housing space for housing the light source, and corresponds to the light source housing section of the present invention.

１ 穀粒判別器
２ 本体
３ プレート部材
４ 光源収容部
４１ 取付部
４１１ 取付面
４２ 第１の導光部
４２１ 第１の導光面
４３ 第２の導光部
４３１ 第２の導光面
５ レンズ
６ 反射部
６１ 反射面
７ 光源 1 Grain discriminator 2 Main body 3 Plate member 4 Light source housing section 41 Mounting section 411 Mounting surface 42 First light guide section 421 First light guide surface 43 Second light guide section 431 Second light guide surface 5 Lens 6 Reflection part 61 Reflection surface 7 Light source

Claims (7)

光源と、
前記光源が発する光を集光するレンズと、
前記レンズによって集光される光を反射させる反射部と、
判別対象の穀粒が載置されるとともに前記光が載置された穀粒に照射されるように、光透過性を有し、前記反射部で反射した光を下面で受けるプレート部材とを備え、
前記反射部は、前記プレート部材に対して移動しないように設けられている穀粒判別器。 a light source and
a lens that focuses light emitted by the light source;
a reflecting part that reflects the light collected by the lens;
a plate member having a light transmittance and receiving light reflected by the reflecting portion on a lower surface so that the grain to be determined is placed and the light is irradiated to the placed grain; ,
The grain discriminator is provided with the reflecting section so as not to move relative to the plate member . 前記レンズは、前記レンズに入射する光の最大光度の向きと前記レンズから出射する光の最大光度の向きとが異なるように配置される請求項１に記載の穀粒判別器。 The grain discriminator according to claim 1, wherein the lens is arranged such that the direction of maximum luminous intensity of light incident on the lens is different from the direction of maximum luminous intensity of light emitted from the lens. 前記反射部の周辺領域に配置され、前記光源を収容する収容空間と前記光源が発する光を通過させる開口とを形成する光源収容部を、さらに備え、
前記レンズは前記開口に配置されており、前記レンズと前記光源収容部との間には、前記レンズを透過しない光を通過させる隙間が設けられている請求項１又は２に記載の穀粒判別器。 further comprising a light source accommodating part that is disposed in a peripheral area of the reflecting part and forms a accommodating space that accommodates the light source and an opening that allows light emitted by the light source to pass through;
The grain discrimination according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the lens is disposed in the opening, and a gap is provided between the lens and the light source accommodating part to allow light that does not pass through the lens to pass. vessel. 前記光源は、前記収容空間内において、前記反射部が配置される方向とは異なる方向に向けて光を発する請求項３に記載の穀粒判別器。 The grain discriminator according to claim 3, wherein the light source emits light in a direction different from a direction in which the reflecting section is arranged in the accommodation space. 前記光源収容部は、前記収容空間の一部を形成して前記光源が発する光を反射させるとともに前記反射部に対して傾斜している導光面を有する請求項３又は４に記載の穀粒判別器。 The grain according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the light source housing part forms a part of the housing space, reflects the light emitted by the light source, and has a light guide surface that is inclined with respect to the reflection part. Discriminator. 前記レンズは、シリンドリカルレンズである請求項１乃至５のうちいずれか１項に記載の穀粒判別器。 The grain discriminator according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the lens is a cylindrical lens. 前記反射部は、つやのない反射面を有する請求項１乃至６のうちいずれか１項に記載の穀粒判別器。 The grain discriminator according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the reflecting section has a dull reflecting surface.
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BR112022015087A BR112022015087A2 (en) 2020-01-29 2021-01-13 GRAIN DISCRIMINATOR
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