JP2019168305A - O-ring appearance inspection device, object appearance inspection device, illumination device, method for inspecting appearance, method for manufacturing o-ring, and method for manufacturing object - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a device which can inspect areas around parting lines 8s, 8t of an O-ring more precisely.SOLUTION: An O-ring appearance inspection device 1 includes: a board 10 on which an O-ring 8 is to be placed; ring-shaped irradiation means 6 and 6' for irradiating the inner surface 8k and the outer surface 8p of the O-ring 8 (Fig. 2) with diffusion illumination lights 21 and 31; inner and outer cameras 4 and 4' for taking images of the inner surface 8k and the outer surface 8p of the O-ring through the center ring-shaped center opening 6b of the illumination means 6; and an image processing unit 3 for processing the taken images. The board 10 has a transparent board 11 with a mounting surface 11b on which the O-ring is to be placed; and a reflection board 13 arranged on the surface opposite to the surface where the mounting surface 11b is arranged.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an apparatus for inspecting an appearance by photographing an O-ring or the like under illumination to acquire an image thereof, and processing the image. The present invention also relates to a device that illuminates an object such as an O-ring, gasket, or packing. In particular, the present invention relates to an appearance inspection apparatus suitable for inspecting for the presence of cracks, burrs, and unfilled parts in the vicinity of a parting line of a resin molded product such as an O-ring or gasket / packing.

Patent Document 1 discloses an O-ring appearance inspection device.
FIG. 5 is FIG. 14 of the same document. Paragraph 0040 of the document has the following description with respect to the figure. In the following description, the “pedestal member 91” is a table on which the O-ring S is placed, although not shown.
Therefore, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 14, the optical axes of the inner peripheral inclined cameras 31 and 61 are arranged in an inclined manner, and the O-ring S from the upper edge Sa to the inner peripheral parting line is arranged. The inner peripheral range Q1 on the upper half side can be inspected.
In the present invention, the optical axes of the outer peripheral inclined cameras 32 and 62 are arranged in an inclined manner, and the outer peripheral range Q2 on the upper half side of the O-ring S from the upper edge Sa to the outer peripheral parting line is Inspection is possible.
Further, by rotating the pedestal member 91, the entire inner circumferential surface and the entire outer circumferential surface of the upper half of the O-ring S can be photographed and inspected. ]
Note that for the lower half of the O-ring S in the posture of FIG. 5, the O-ring S is turned upside down on the pedestal member 91 to perform imaging / inspection.

JP2013-238517A

In the above diagram and the description of Patent Document 1, illumination for photographing is not specifically described.
An object of this invention is to provide the inspection apparatus etc. which can test | inspect the parting line vicinity of resin molded products, such as O-ring and a gasket packing, with higher precision.

  In the “means for solving the problems” and the “claims”, the reference numerals of the respective parts of the attached drawings are shown in parentheses, but this is merely for reference and the scope of rights is attached. It is not limited to the figure.

The O-ring appearance inspection device (1) of the present invention irradiates diffuse illumination light (21) in the direction of the base (10) on which the O-ring (8) is placed and the inner upper surface (8k) of the O-ring (8). A dome-shaped or ring-shaped inner illumination means (6), and a dome-shaped or ring-shaped outer illumination means (6 ') that irradiates diffuse illumination light (31) in the direction of the outer upper surface (8p) of the O-ring (8). ), An inner camera (4) for photographing the inner upper surface (8k) of the O-ring (8) and its vicinity through a central opening (6b) of the inner illumination means (6), and the outer illumination means An outer camera (4 ') for photographing the outer surface (8p) of the O-ring (8) and its vicinity through the central opening (6b) of (6'), and both cameras (4, 4 ') An image processing unit (3) for processing the photographed image of the O-ring, and the platform (10) is a mounting surface (11 ) Transparent plate having (11), and characterized by comprising the transparent plate (11) of the mounting surface (11b) opposite the diffuse reflection plate disposed on a surface (13).

In the present invention, “place the O-ring” means “to allow the platform to receive the earth attractive force acting on the O-ring”, but is not limited thereto. It does not exclude a form in which an O-ring is placed on a tilted table or a table facing downward due to negative pressure or static electricity.
“Inner” means near the center (CL) of an annular O-ring, and “outer” is the opposite side of “inner”. “Upper” is the direction in which the O-ring exists when viewed from the mounting surface (11b) of the table, and “Lower” is the opposite direction of “Upper”. This “up and down” is not limited to the direction along the earth attractive force.
“Capturing the inner and outer upper surfaces and the vicinity thereof” means not only a 90 degree range from the apex (8c) of the circular cross section to the central part / parting line (8s / 8t) but also a little outside the range (for example, 20 to 40 degrees outside).

  The object appearance inspection apparatus (1) of the present invention includes a table (10) on which an object (8) having a circular or polygonal cross section is placed, and diffuse illumination light (21k) in the direction of the right upper surface (8k) of the object (8). Dome-shaped or ring-shaped right illumination means (6), and dome-shaped or ring-shaped left illumination means for irradiating diffuse illumination light (31) in the direction of the upper left surface (8p) of the object (8) (6 '), a right camera (4) for photographing the right upper surface (8k) and the vicinity thereof of the object (8) through a central opening (6b) of the right illumination means (6), and the left A left camera (4 ') for photographing the left upper surface (8p) of the object (8) and its vicinity through a central opening (6b) of the illumination means (6'), and both cameras (4, 4 ') And an image processing unit (3) for processing the image of the object photographed, and the platform (10) has a placement surface (11b) on which the object is placed Transparent plate (11), and characterized by comprising the transparent plate (11) of the mounting surface (11b) opposite the diffuse reflection plate disposed on a surface (13).

  The object illumination device of the present invention is an illumination device that illuminates the outer surface of an object having a circular or polygonal cross section, the table (10) on which the object (8) is placed, and the upper right surface of the object (8). A right illumination means (6) that irradiates diffuse illumination light (21) in the direction of (8k), and a left illumination means (6 ′) that irradiates diffuse illumination light (31) in the direction of the left upper surface (8p) of the object (8). And the base (10) is a transparent plate (11) having a mounting surface (11b) on which the object is placed, and the side opposite to the mounting surface (11b) of the transparent plate (11) A diffusive reflector (13) disposed on the surface.

  Here, “circular” means not only a perfect circle or an ellipse but also a shape close to a circle such as a polygon with a corner. A “polygon” is a square, rectangle, trapezoid, or the like. In the present specification, “circular or polygonal” means to include a combined shape thereof. A packing with a lip or a gasket having a recess is also included in the object referred to in the present invention. “Left” or “right” means “one” or “the other” in the direction intersecting the vertical direction. “Place” of “place object” has the same meaning as “place” of “place O-ring” described above. “Capturing the left and right upper surface and its vicinity” means not only a 90 degree range from the vertex (8c) of the object cross section to the center parting line (8s, 8t), but also a little outside the range (for example, 20 to 40 degrees outside), or the entire side surface where the central part and parting line (8s, 8t) are present.

“Diffusion illumination” is an illumination method in which the irradiation direction of light to an illumination object is expanded (randomly) to some extent. As for the width in the irradiation direction, at least the vicinity of the vertex (8c) of the O-ring and the cross section (8b) of the object to be inspected, and the equivalent part of the transparent plate (11) in front of the O-ring, etc. are within the irradiation range. It is necessary to enter. What is preferable as the “dome-shaped or ring-shaped illumination means” is a commercially available dome light having a dome-shaped light guide diffusing member or a dome-shaped light guide diffusing member made of polypropylene or the like added to a commercially available ring illumination. Can be mentioned.
“Transparent plate” means “a highly translucent plate” such as a glass plate or a transparent resin plate.
The diffuse reflection plate may be a separate body from the transparent plate, or may be a film deposited on the transparent plate or a rough surface (such as blasting).

  The preferred illumination action of the present invention is that of the illumination light (21) of the inner illumination means or the right illumination means (6) and the illumination light (31) of the outer illumination means or the left illumination means (6 '). The lower component (21 ′, 31 ′) of the light enters the transparent plate (11) and is then reflected by the diffuse reflector (13) to the lower part of the O-ring or the object. It becomes reflected illumination light (21 ″, 31 ″) heading.

  Another illumination function of the present invention is that the outer part of the cross section (8b) of the O-ring (8) is also between the inner parting part (8s) and the lower part (8w) on the lower side by a predetermined amount. Illuminated by the inner illumination means (6), between the outer parting part (8t) and the lower part (8x) on the lower side of the outer periphery of the cross section (8b) of the O-ring (8) Is also illuminated with illumination light from the external illumination means (6 '). Here, the “predetermined lower side” is preferably 5 ° or more lower side when viewed from the center of the O-ring cross section (8b). More preferably, it is 10 ° or more below. As will be described in detail later, this illumination mode can more clearly shade burrs, burrs, and unfilled parts that are likely to occur in the parting portion.

The O-ring appearance inspection method according to the present invention irradiates the diffuse illumination light (21) toward the inner upper surface (8k) of the O-ring (8) and directs it toward the outer upper surface (8p) of the O-ring (8). The diffused illumination light (31) is irradiated to photograph the inner upper surface (8k) and its vicinity of the O-ring (8) and the outer upper surface (8p) and the vicinity thereof. An O-ring appearance inspection method for image processing, wherein the O-ring is placed on a transparent plate (11), and a part of the diffuse illumination light (21, 31) is incident on the transparent plate (11). The incident diffuse illumination light (21 ′, 31 ′) is reflected by the reflector (13) in the O-ring direction to illuminate the lower portion of the O-ring.
The object visual inspection method of the present invention irradiates diffuse illumination light (21) toward the upper right surface (8k) of an object (8) having a circular or polygonal cross section, and the upper left surface of the object (8) ( 8p) is irradiated with diffuse illumination light (31), the right upper surface (8k) of the object (8) and its vicinity, and the left upper surface (8p) and its vicinity are photographed, and the photographed object An object visual inspection method for image processing of an image of the object, wherein the object is placed on a transparent plate (11), and a part of the diffused illumination light (21, 31) is incident on the transparent plate (11) The incident diffuse illumination light (21 ′, 31 ′) is reflected by the reflector (13) toward the object to illuminate the lower part of the object.

The O-ring or object manufacturing method of the present invention is characterized in that after the O-ring or object is molded, the appearance of the O-ring or object is inspected by the above-described inspection method.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the external appearance inspection apparatus etc. which can test | inspect the parting line vicinity of resin molded products, such as O-ring and a gasket packing, with higher precision can be provided.

It is a typical figure for demonstrating the whole structure of the O-ring external appearance inspection apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is an expanded sectional view around the O-ring 8 in the apparatus of FIG. It is a figure which shows typically the relationship between the chipping | missing and unfilling in the parting line part of an O-ring, and illumination. It is a photograph of an O-ring having a chip (hole) near the parting line. It is a figure which shows typically arrangement | positioning of the O-ring S shown by FIG. 14 of patent document 1, and a camera.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1; O-ring external appearance inspection apparatus, 3; Image processing part, 4 * 4 '; Camera 6; Inner illumination means, 6'; Outer illumination means, 6b; Central opening 8; O-ring (object), 8b; Apex, 8k; inner upper surface, 8p; outer upper surface,
8s; inner parting (right center), 8t; outer parting (left center)
8w · 8x: Lower part (lower point)
10; stand, 11; transparent plate, 11b; mounting surface, 13; reflector, 15; rotary stage
21 ・ 31; Diffuse illumination light
21´ ・ 31´; Lower component of the illumination light (incident light), 21´ ・ 31´; Reflected illumination light
81; Bali, 83;

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
First, the overall configuration of the O-ring appearance inspection apparatus 1 will be described with reference to FIG. In the lower center of FIG. 1, an O-ring 8 that is an inspection object and a table 10 on which the O-ring 8 is placed are shown.

In this embodiment, the base 10 includes a transparent plate 11 having a placement surface (upper surface) 11b on which the O-ring 8 is placed, a diffuse reflection plate 13, and a rotary stage 15 from top to bottom.
In one example, the transparent plate 11 is a circular flat plate made of glass. The diameter of the transparent plate 11 is an example, and is 48 mm when the diameter of the O-ring 8 to be inspected is 2 to 30 mm. The thickness of the transparent plate 11 is determined from the viewpoint of obtaining appropriate diffuse reflected light from below, and is, for example, 5 mm to 15 mm. The upper surface of the transparent plate 11 is a smooth plane.

  In this embodiment, the reflecting plate 13 is obtained by roughening the bottom surface of a glass circular flat plate by blasting.

  The rotary stage 15 rotates the O-ring 8 around the center Cl of the ring. A commercially available rotary stage can be used.

  Well-known means can be used for centering the O-ring 8 on the rotary stage 15 and reversing the front and back.

In FIG. 1, on the upper right of the base 10, a ring-shaped inner illumination means 6 for applying diffuse illumination light 21 to the inner upper surface 8 k (FIG. 2) of the O-ring 8, and a ring-shaped central opening 6 b of the inner illumination means 6. An inner camera 4 for photographing the inner upper surface 8d of the O-ring 8 is disposed.
On the other hand, in FIG. 1, on the upper left of the base 10, a ring-shaped external illumination means 6 ′ for applying diffuse illumination light 31 to the outer upper surface 8 p (FIG. 2) of the O-ring 8, and a ring shape of the external illumination means 6 ′. An outer camera 4 ′ for photographing the outer upper surface 8 p of the O-ring 8 through the central opening 6 b is shown.

The inner illumination means 6 and the outer illumination means 6 ′ are basically the same. The illumination means 6 is so-called dome illumination or ring illumination in which a central opening 6b is formed in the central portion (optical axis portion). In addition, it has a light guide diffusing member (resin fried glass, etc.), and irradiates light from an LED light source (not shown) obliquely downward as diffuse illumination light that spreads in a certain extent in the optical axis direction. To do. Preferable specific examples of the illumination means 6 include CDM LDM2-50SW2.

  The angle (spread) of the diffusion of the illumination light is about 30 to 50 ° in the illumination of the above example. And a suitable illumination intensity luminous intensity can be obtained by adjusting the distance of an illumination means and a test object part (distance 10-30 mm in said example).

  As the camera 4, a commercially available CCD camera for visual inspection can be used. For example, CA-HX04M manufactured by Keyence Corporation can be used. A commercially available lens 5 can be used.

Images of the O-ring 8 taken by both cameras 4 and 4 'are sent to the image processing unit 3 for processing.
As will be described later with reference to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the image processing unit 3 identifies burrs, chips, unfilled, etc. that may occur in the parting line of the O-ring 8, and normalizes them based on a predetermined standard.・ Judge abnormalities. As a specific image processing technique, a customized image processing program XG-X manufactured by Keyence Corporation can be used.

[Optical action]
Next, the action of illumination light around the O-ring 8 in the apparatus 1 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view around the O-ring 8 in the apparatus of FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically illustrating the relationship between burrs and unfilled portions in the parting line portion of the O-ring and the illumination range.

  In FIG. 2, the O-ring 8 is placed on the mounting surface 11 b of the transparent plate 11. A circular section 8b of the O-ring 8 is shown hatched, and an annular O-ring 8 extends on the right side of the section 8b. In FIG. 2, the right side is closer to the center (CL shown in FIG. 1) of the annular O-ring, and this side is referred to as “inside”. On the other hand, the opposite side inside, that is, the left side of the figure is called “outside”. Note that “upper” refers to the direction in which the O-ring exists as viewed from the mounting surface 11b of the table, and “lower” refers to the opposite side of “upper”. In this embodiment (also in general), the up and down directions are the direction of the earth's attractive force, but are not limited thereto.

  In FIG. 2, the inner illumination light 21 indicated by the white arrow hits the outer periphery of one section 8b of the O-ring 8 from the inner top. In the figure, the inner illumination light 21 is drawn like a narrow straight light, but is actually a diffused light having a certain width. A part of the lower side of the inner illumination light is incident light 21 ′ entering the transparent plate 11. This incident light 21 ′ hits the reflecting plate (surface) 13 at the bottom of the transparent plate 11, is reflected upward, becomes reflected light 21 ″, and hits a slightly lower part of the inner parting portion 8 s of the O-ring cross section 8 b.

  In this embodiment, the angle θL formed by the optical axis 21LA (center line) of the inner illumination light 21 and the outer / inner direction (plane direction) center line HL of the O-ring 8 is about 45 °, preferably 45 ° ± 2. °. The inner illumination light 21 effectively illuminates a point 8h of about 10 ° outside the vertex 8c of the O-ring cross section 8b.

  As described above, by illuminating the O-ring vertex 8c slightly outside with the inner illumination light 21, the overall dimensions of defects such as scratches intersecting the vertex can be grasped by analyzing one image.

  The reflected light 21 ″ effectively illuminates the lower part of the O-ring including the vicinity of the inner parting portion 8s of the O-ring cross section 8b. Here, the intensity of the reflected light 21 ″ is higher than that of the direct illumination light 21. May be lower. The reason is that the reflected light 21 ″ plays a role in shadowing a concave wound near the parting line.

  Here, the significance of the illumination by the reflected light 21 ″ on the lower side of the inner parting portion 8s will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. FIG. 3 shows the chipping / unfilling of the parting line portion of the O-ring. Fig. 4 is a photograph of an O-ring having a chip (hole) in the vicinity of the parting line.

The O-ring 8 has a chip 83 (or an unfilled hole) near the parting portion 8s. The inside illumination light 21 from the inside and above does not reach the inside of the chip 83, and the reflected light 21 ″ from obliquely below the chip 83 does not hit the chip 83, and the chip 83 becomes black. The outer peripheral surface of the O-ring above the chip 83 is illuminated mainly by the inner illumination light 21 and the outer surface of the O-ring below the chip 83 is mainly illuminated by the reflected light 21 ″. Sufficient black contrast is produced. Thereby, the presence and size of the chip 83 can be accurately determined.

  The situation for burrs and chipping / unfilling in the outer parting portion 8t of the cross section 8b of the O-ring 8 is the same as that on the inner side.

Claims (7)

A table (10) for placing an O-ring (8);
A dome-shaped or ring-shaped inner illumination means (6) for irradiating diffuse illumination light (21) in the direction of the inner upper surface (8k) of the O-ring (8);
A dome-shaped or ring-shaped external illumination means (6 ′) for irradiating diffuse illumination light (31) in the direction of the outer upper surface (8p) of the O-ring (8);
An inner camera (4) for photographing the inner upper surface (8k) and the vicinity of the O-ring (8) through the central opening (6b) of the inner illumination means (6);
An outer camera (4 ′) for photographing the outer upper surface (8p) of the O-ring (8) and its vicinity through a central opening (6b) of the outer illumination means (6 ′);
An O-ring appearance inspection apparatus (1) comprising an image processing unit (3) for processing images of the O-rings taken by both cameras (4, 4 '), wherein the platform (10) includes the O-ring. A transparent plate (11) having a mounting surface (11b) on which
An O-ring appearance inspection device (1) comprising a diffuse reflector (13) disposed on a surface opposite to the mounting surface (11b) of the transparent plate (11). A table (10) on which a circular or polygonal object (8) is placed;
A dome-shaped or ring-shaped right illumination means (6) for irradiating diffuse illumination light (21) in the direction of the right upper surface (8k) of the object (8);
A dome-shaped or ring-shaped left illumination means (6 ′) for irradiating diffuse illumination light (31) in the direction of the left upper surface (8p) of the object (8);
A right camera (4) for photographing the right upper surface (8k) and the vicinity of the object (8) through a central opening (6b) of the right illumination means (6);
A left camera (4 ′) for photographing the left upper surface (8p) of the object (8) and its vicinity through a central opening (6b) of the left illumination means (6 ′);
An object appearance inspection apparatus (1) comprising an image processing unit (3) for processing images of the object photographed by both cameras (4, 4 '), wherein the stage (10) is mounted on the object. A transparent plate (11) having a placement surface (11b), and
An object appearance inspection apparatus (1) comprising a diffuse reflector (13) disposed on a surface opposite to the mounting surface (11b) of the transparent plate (11). An illumination device for illuminating the outer surface of an object having a circular or polygonal cross section,
A table (10) on which the object is placed (8);
Right illumination means (6) for irradiating diffuse illumination light (21) in the direction of the right upper surface (8k) of the object (8);
Left illumination means (6 ′) for irradiating diffuse illumination light (31) in the direction of the left upper surface (8p) of the object (8);
With
A transparent plate (11) having a mounting surface (11b) on which the table (10) is mounted; and
An object illuminating device comprising a diffusive reflector (13) disposed on a surface opposite to the mounting surface (11b) of the transparent plate (11). The lower component (21 ′) of the illumination light (21) of the inner illumination means or the right illumination means (6) and the illumination light (31) of the outer illumination means or the left illumination means (6 ′) , 31 ′) is incident on the transparent plate (11), and then is reflected by the diffuse reflector (13) and reflected illumination light (21 ″, 31) toward the lower part of the O-ring or the object. 3. The O-ring appearance inspection apparatus according to claim 1, the object appearance inspection apparatus (1) according to claim 2, or the object illumination apparatus according to claim 3. While irradiating diffuse illumination light (21) toward the inner upper surface (8k) of the O-ring (8), irradiating diffuse illumination light (31) toward the outer upper surface (8p) of the O-ring (8),
Photographing the inner upper surface (8k) and the vicinity thereof of the O-ring (8), and the outer upper surface (8p) and the vicinity thereof,
An O-ring appearance inspection method for performing image processing on a photographed image of the O-ring,
The O-ring is placed on the transparent plate (11), and a part of the diffuse illumination light (21 · 31) is incident on the transparent plate (11) and the diffuse illumination light (21 ′ · 31 ′) incident thereon. The O-ring appearance inspection method is characterized in that the lower portion of the O-ring is illuminated by reflecting it in the O-ring direction with a reflector (13). The diffuse illumination light (21) is irradiated toward the right upper surface (8k) of the object (8) having a circular or polygonal cross section, and the diffuse illumination light (31) is directed toward the left upper surface (8p) of the object (8). )
Photograph the right upper surface (8k) and the vicinity thereof of the object (8), and the left upper surface (8p) and the vicinity thereof,
An object appearance inspection method for performing image processing on an image of a photographed object,
The object is placed on the transparent plate (11), a part of the diffuse illumination light (21 · 31) is incident on the transparent plate (11), and the diffuse illumination light (21 ′ · 31 ′) incident thereon is applied. A method for inspecting the appearance of an object, comprising illuminating a lower portion of the object by reflecting the object in the direction of the object with a reflector (13).   A method for manufacturing an O-ring or an object, comprising: inspecting an appearance of the O-ring or the object by an inspection method according to claim 5 or 6 after forming the O-ring or the object.