JP7369629B2 - Tunnel inner winding - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a tunnel inner winding work for covering the inner wall of a tunnel.

In order to prevent the concrete lining from falling off as the tunnel deteriorates over time, tunnel inner wrapping has traditionally been used as a deterioration countermeasure work that involves reinforcing the inner walls of the tunnel. As a tunnel inner winding using FRP, a tunnel lining structure having an FRP arch support structure (arch shoring) and an FRP continuous band structure covering the inner wall is known (for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2). In such a tunnel lining structure, first, a plurality of FRP support structures are placed inside the tunnel. Then, between adjacent FRP support structures, a continuous band-like structure made of FRP is continuously installed from one side wall of the tunnel to the opposite side wall via the top of the tunnel (Patent Document 1, and the specification [0037] of Patent Document 2).

However, as shown in FIG. 15, the electric railway tunnel 2 has a lower bundle 23 of electric railway tracks at the top of the arch, and where the lower bundle 23 is located, a continuous band-like structure made of FRP is provided to cover the inner wall 21. I can't. Furthermore, it is not possible to provide a continuous band-like structure made of FRP in the arch of the tunnel 2 where there is an automatic tension adjustment device for overhead contact lines (see Non-Patent Document 1). A similar problem also occurs in tunnels other than electric railways where there are obstacles in the tunnel arches that are difficult to relocate.

JP2012-207431A Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2016-132867

JIS E 2001:2002 "Train track terminology"

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and aims to provide a tunnel winding that can be installed at a location where there is an obstacle that is difficult to relocate in the arch of a tunnel.

The tunnel inner winding of the present invention is for covering the inner wall of a tunnel, and includes a paving girder extending in the tunnel axis direction, which is elongated in the tunnel axis direction, and which is provided along the circumferential direction of the inner wall. , a plurality of shorings whose lower ends are supported by the paving girders and are arranged at predetermined intervals in the tunnel axis direction; a flexible panel that bends along the circumferential direction; and a plurality of shorings arranged along the tunnel axis. a pair of elongated horizontal tie members that connect in the tunnel direction, each of the pair of horizontal tie members being arranged on the left and right, respectively, when viewed from the tunnel axis direction, and the panel is supported by the adjacent shoring, a lower end is supported by the beam, an upper end is supported by the horizontal tie, and covers the inner wall above the beam and below the horizontal tie. It is characterized by

In this tunnel inner winding work, it is preferable that the horizontal connecting member connects the two adjacent arch-shaped supports in the tunnel axial direction.

In this tunnel winding, the horizontal connecting material connects the two arch-shaped supports that are not adjacent to each other in the tunnel axial direction, and the support placed between the two arch-shaped supports has an upper end. A section may be attached to the horizontal tie.

According to the tunnel inner winding of the present invention, a pair of elongated horizontal tie members connects a plurality of supports in the tunnel axial direction, and the panel covers the inner wall above the support beams and below the horizontal tie members. , an opening surrounded by a shoring and a pair of horizontal tie members is formed, and a tunnel inner winding can be provided at a location where there is an obstacle that is difficult to relocate to the tunnel arch.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a tunnel inner winding work according to a first embodiment of the present invention. A cross-sectional view of the inner winding work of the same tunnel. Front view of the paving girder of the tunnel's inner winding work. A side view of the lower end of the support for the inner tunnel. A side view of the lower end of the panel of the tunnel inner winding. A cross-sectional view of the support for the inner winding work of the same tunnel. (a) is a front view of the horizontal tie material of the inner winding of the same tunnel, and (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of the same horizontal tie material. A front view of the horizontal tie material connected to the shoring work in the tunnel. (a) is a perspective view of the support for the inner winding of the tunnel, and (b) is a perspective view of the support with horizontal tie members attached. A perspective view of a panel of the tunnel inner winding work. A cross-sectional view of the shoring and panels of the tunnel's inner winding. A front view of the vicinity of the insertion opening of the inner winding of the same tunnel. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a tunnel inner winding according to a second embodiment of the present invention. A front view of the horizontal tie material connected to the shoring work in the tunnel. A cross-sectional view of the tunnel at the location where the lower bundle is located.

(First embodiment)
A tunnel winding work according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 12. As shown in FIG. 1, the tunnel inner winding 1 is a workpiece that covers the inner wall 21 (lining surface) of the tunnel 2, and is a workpiece that wraps the lining of the tunnel 2 from the inner side, so it is a workpiece that covers the inner wall 21 (lining surface) of the tunnel 2. It is called Uchimaki-ko.

FIG. 2 shows a cross section of the tunnel winding 1 at a location where there is a lower bundle of overhead contact lines. Since the interval (span) between the lower bundles 23 in the tunnel section of the electric railway is several tens of meters, the tunnel 2 of the electric railway has such locations at intervals of several tens of meters. Note that the lower bundle 23 is a typical example of an obstacle that is difficult to relocate in the arch of a tunnel.

The tunnel winding 1 includes a paving girder 3, a shoring 4, a plurality of panels 5, and horizontal tie members 7 (see FIG. 1). The paving girder 3 is elongated in the tunnel axis direction X, and extends on the inner wall 21 of the tunnel 2. The shoring 4 is provided along the circumferential direction C of the inner wall 21 of the tunnel 2, and a lower end portion 43 is supported by the paving girder 3. A plurality of supports 4 are arranged at predetermined intervals in the tunnel axis direction X. The panel 5 has flexibility to bend along the circumferential direction C of the tunnel 2. The horizontal connecting member 7 has a long shape and connects the plurality of supports 4 in the tunnel axis direction X. Note that in FIG. 1, ribs of the panel 5, which will be described later, are not shown.

Each of the pair of horizontal tie members 7 is arranged on the left and right, respectively, when viewed from the tunnel axis direction X. Note that the left and right in the tunnel are usually the left and right as seen from the starting point side.

In this embodiment, the horizontal connecting member 7 connects two adjacent arch-shaped supports 4 in the tunnel axis direction X.

The panel 5 has its ends in the tunnel axis direction X supported by the adjacent shorings 4, its lower end supported by the beams 3, its upper end supported by the horizontal tie members 7, and The inner wall 21 below the material 7 is covered.

Each configuration of the tunnel winding 1 will be explained in further detail. As shown in FIG. 3, the paving girder 3 is elongated in the tunnel axis direction X. As shown in FIG. 4, the lower end portion 43 of the shoring 4 is supported by the support girder 3. As shown in FIG. 5, the sill 3 supports the lower end of the panel 5. When the panel 5 is divided into a plurality of parts between the sill 3 and the horizontal tie members 7, the sill 3 supports the lower end of the lowest panel 5. The sill 3 closes the gap between the lower end of the panel 5 (the lower end of the lowest panel 5) and the inner wall 21.

In this embodiment, the sill 3 is made of FRP, and has a lower half having a cross-sectional shape similar to that of a horizontal channel steel, and an upper half having a cross-sectional shape similar to a horizontal hat-shaped steel. That is, the sill 3 has a lower flange 31, an upper flange 32, a web 33, and an arm portion 34. The arm portion 34 is a portion extending upward from the end of the upper flange 32. The shoring 4 and the panel 5 are provided on the upper flange 32 and sandwiched between the arm portion 34 and the inner wall 21 (see FIGS. 4 and 5).

The tunnel winding 1 has a plurality of pedestals 9 (see FIG. 3). The sill 3 is supported by the plurality of pedestals 9 (supported at both ends). In this embodiment, the pedestal 9 is made of H-beam steel. When constructing the tunnel inner winding 1, holes for the pedestal are formed by drilling holes in the concrete lining 25 of the tunnel 2 in the horizontal direction. The holes for the pedestal are roughened on the left and right inner surfaces. Then, the pedestal 9 is inserted into the pedestal hole, and the filler 26 is filled in the pedestal hole (see FIG. 4). The filling material 26 hardens, and the pedestal 9 is embedded and fixed in the lining concrete 25 of the tunnel 2.

The shoring 4 is made of FRP and has a cross-sectional shape similar to that of H-shaped steel. That is, as shown in FIG. 6, the shoring 4 has an H-shaped cross section perpendicular to the circumferential direction, and includes an outer flange 44, an inner flange 45, and a web 46. The outer flange 44 abuts the inner wall 21 of the tunnel 2. The inner flange 45 faces the inner space of the tunnel 2. Web 46 connects outer flange 44 and inner flange 45. The shoring 4 is fixed to the concrete lining 25 of the tunnel 2 via clamp members 49 fixed to the concrete lining 25 with bolts 48 .

As shown in FIGS. 7(a) and 7(b), the horizontal tie material 7 has an elongated shape. As shown in FIG. 8, in this embodiment, the horizontal connecting members 7 connect two adjacent arch-shaped supports 4 in the tunnel axis direction X.

The horizontal connecting member 7 is made of FRP and has a cross-sectional shape similar to that of channel steel (see FIG. 7(b)). That is, the horizontal tie member 7 has a pair of parallel flanges 71 and a web 72 that interconnects one end of the flanges 71. This horizontal connecting member 7 is formed so that the flanges 71 are narrowly spaced at an end 73 in the tunnel axis direction X (see FIG. 7(a)). As shown in FIGS. 9(a) and 9(b), the end portion 73 of the horizontal tie member 7 is fitted into the shoring 4. The panel 5 is provided between the horizontal tie member 7 and the sill 3 in the circumferential direction C (see FIG. 2).

As shown in FIG. 10, each panel 5 is made of FRP and includes a planar skin plate 51 and a plurality of ribs 52 on the skin plate 51. In this embodiment, the panel 5 is made of FRP made of polyester resin with glass cloth. The skin plate 51 is flexible and has a rectangular shape. The ribs 52 extend in the tunnel axial direction X, and are arranged in plural in the circumferential direction C. Each rib 52 projects from the skin plate 51 toward the inner wall 21 . The rib 52 has a through hole 521 formed therein. The through holes 521 penetrate the rib 52 in the circumferential direction C, and are formed in plurality in the tunnel axis direction X.

The panel 5 has a portion including only a skin plate 51 without ribs 52 at the end in the tunnel axis direction X. In the shoring 4, a panel guide 461 protrudes from the web 46 in parallel with the inner flange 45 (see FIG. 6). When attaching the panel 5 to the shoring 4, the skin plate 51 at the end of the panel 5 is guided in the circumferential direction C between the panel guide 461 and the inner flange 45.

As shown in FIG. 11, the panel 5 is held in the tunnel axial direction .

As shown in FIG. 12, the shoring 4 has an insertion opening 8 formed in the inner flange 45 for inserting the panel 5 between the inner flange 45 and the outer flange 44. As shown in FIG. In this embodiment, the insertion opening 8 is formed in the shoring 4 by not providing the inner flange 45. As indicated by the white arrows, the panel 5 is inserted between the pair of supports 4 and slid in the circumferential direction C. At least one insertion opening 8 is formed in the shoring 4 on each side.

The panel 5 covers the inner wall 21 above the sill 3 and below the horizontal tie member 7 (see FIG. 2). By installing the panel 5 in this way, the tunnel winding 1 has an opening 6 at the top of the tunnel 2 that is not covered by the panel 5. This opening 6 is formed in one span of the shoring 4 and is surrounded by the shoring 4 and the horizontal ties 7.

When a plurality of panels 5 are provided on each of the left and right sides of the tunnel 2, when grout (backfilling material) is injected between the panels 5 and the inner wall 21, the left and right panels 5 do not leak grout from between the panels 5. As such, the panels 5 are joined together. The joining in which the panels 5 are butted together is a fitting joining, and irregularities that fit into each other are formed in the joining portions of the panels 5. Bonding may be used to butt the panels 5 together.

The tunnel winding work 1 configured as described above is constructed using a cart having a dedicated scaffolding. Grout (backfilling material) is injected between the panel 5 and the inner wall 21 of the tunnel 2 during construction. Cement milk is used as the grout, which satisfies conditions such as good filling properties, liquid pressure within the load-bearing capacity of the panel 5, hardening in a short time, easy handling in the event of leakage, and early strength development. In order to inject the grout, an inlet is provided in the skin plate 51 of the panel 5. In addition to the injection port, the panel 5 is provided with an air vent hole near the top of the tunnel 2. By filling and hardening the grout between the panel 5 and the inner wall 21 of the tunnel 2, the shoring 4, the panel 5, and the grout become an integrated self-supporting structure, and the tunnel inner winding 1 has a high load-bearing capacity. This results in a highly redundant structure.

As described above, according to the tunnel winding 1 according to the present embodiment, the panel 5 covers the inner wall 21 above the paving girder 3 and below the horizontal ties 7, so that the shoring 4 and the pair of horizontal ties 7 An enclosed opening 6 is formed, and the tunnel inner winding 1 can be provided at a location where there is an obstacle in the arch of the tunnel 2 that is difficult to relocate. Since the pair of elongated horizontal connecting members 7 connect the plurality of supports 4 in the tunnel axial direction X, the strength of the tunnel inner winding 1 is maintained even if the opening 6 is provided in the tunnel inner winding 1. Since the upper end of the panel 5 is supported by the horizontal tie member 7, the panel 5 is stably supported even if the opening 6 is provided.

By connecting two adjacent arch-shaped supports 4 in the tunnel axis direction X with the horizontal connecting members 7, an opening 6 can be formed between the adjacent supports 4. Thereby, the in-tunnel winding 10 can be provided at a location where there is an obstacle of a size within one span of the shoring 4 in the arch of the tunnel 2.

(Second embodiment)
A tunnel winding according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 13 and 14. The tunnel winding 10 of this embodiment has the same configuration as the tunnel winding 1 of the first embodiment, except that the opening 16 is formed over multiple spans of the shoring 4. In this embodiment, parts equivalent to those in the first embodiment are given the same reference numerals. In the following description, detailed description of parts equivalent to those in the first embodiment will be omitted.

As shown in FIG. 13, the tunnel winding 10 includes a paving girder 3, a support 4, a plurality of panels 5, and a horizontal tie member 17. The paving girder 3 is elongated in the tunnel axis direction X, and extends on the inner wall 21 of the tunnel 2. The shoring 4 is provided along the circumferential direction C of the inner wall 21 of the tunnel 2, and a lower end portion 43 is supported by the paving girder 3. A plurality of supports 4 are arranged at predetermined intervals in the tunnel axis direction X. The panel 5 has flexibility to bend along the circumferential direction C of the tunnel 2. The horizontal connecting member 17 has a long shape and connects the plurality of supports 4 in the tunnel axis direction X. Note that in FIG. 13, the ribs of the panel 5 are not shown.

Each of the pair of horizontal tie members 17 is arranged on the left and right, respectively, when viewed from the tunnel axis direction X.

As shown in FIG. 14, in this embodiment, the horizontal connecting member 17 connects two arch-shaped supports 4a and 4b that are not adjacent to each other in the tunnel axis direction X. The upper ends of the supports 4c and 4d arranged between the two arch-shaped supports 4a and 4b are attached to the horizontal tie member 17.

The panel 5 has an end in the tunnel axis direction X supported by the adjacent shoring 4, a lower end supported by the beam 3, an upper end supported by the horizontal tie material 17, and a side above the beam 3 and the horizontal tie. The inner wall 21 below the material 17 is covered (see FIG. 13).

By installing the panel 5 in this way, the tunnel inner winding 10 forms an opening 16 at the top of the tunnel 2 that is not covered by the panel 5. This opening 16 is formed over a plurality of spans of the shoring 4 and is surrounded by the arch-shaped shoring 4a, 4b and the horizontal ties 17. Since the opening 16 of this embodiment is formed over multiple spans of the shoring 4, it is larger than the opening 6 of the first embodiment.

As described above, according to the tunnel inner winding 10 according to the present embodiment, the horizontal connecting material 17 connects the two arch-shaped supports 4a, 4b that are not adjacent to each other in the tunnel axial direction By attaching the upper ends of the supports 4c and 4d arranged in the horizontal tie member 17, an opening 16 can be formed between the non-adjacent supports 4a and 4b. Thereby, the tunnel inner winding 10 can be provided at a location where the arch of the tunnel 2 has an obstacle larger than the lower bundle, such as an automatic tension adjustment device.

Note that the present invention is not limited to the configuration of the embodiments described above, and various modifications can be made without changing the gist of the invention. For example, the tunnel windings 1 and 10 may be provided in tunnels other than railways.

1, 10 Tunnel inner winding 3 Beams 4, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d Shoring 5 Panels 6, 16 Openings 7, 17 Horizontal tie material

Claims (3)

A tunnel inner winding work for covering the inner wall of a tunnel,
a paving girder extending in the tunnel axis direction and extending on the inner wall;
Shoring is provided along the circumferential direction of the inner wall, the lower end is supported by the paving girder, and a plurality of shorings are arranged at predetermined intervals in the axial direction of the tunnel;
a flexible panel that bends along the circumferential direction;
a pair of elongated horizontal tie members that connect the plurality of supporting structures in the tunnel axial direction;
Each of the pair of horizontal tie members is arranged on the left and right, respectively, when viewed from the tunnel axis direction,
The panel has ends in the tunnel axis direction supported by the adjacent shorings, a lower end supported by the girder, an upper end supported by the horizontal tie material, and a portion above the beam and the horizontal tie. Covering the inner wall below the material,
The tunnel inner winding work is characterized in that the horizontal tie material closes a gap between the upper end portion of the panel and the inner wall . The tunnel inner winding work according to claim 1, wherein the horizontal connecting material connects the two adjacent arch-shaped supports in the tunnel axial direction. A tunnel inner winding work for covering the inner wall of a tunnel,
a paving girder extending in the tunnel axis direction and extending on the inner wall;
Shoring is provided along the circumferential direction of the inner wall, the lower end is supported by the paving girder, and a plurality of shorings are arranged at predetermined intervals in the axial direction of the tunnel;
a flexible panel that bends along the circumferential direction;
a pair of elongated horizontal tie members that connect the plurality of supporting structures in the tunnel axial direction;
Each of the pair of horizontal tie members is arranged on the left and right, respectively, when viewed from the tunnel axis direction,
The horizontal connecting material connects the two arch-shaped supports that are not adjacent to each other in the tunnel axial direction,
The shoring placed between the two arch-shaped shorings has an upper end attached to the horizontal tie member ,
The panel has ends in the tunnel axis direction supported by the adjacent shorings, a lower end supported by the girder, an upper end supported by the horizontal tie material, and a portion above the beam and the horizontal tie. A tunnel inner winding work characterized by covering the inner wall below the timber .

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