CN112554892B - Construction method of assembled tunnel ventilation structure and ventilation structure - Google Patents
Construction method of assembled tunnel ventilation structure and ventilation structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN112554892B CN112554892B CN202011556432.2A CN202011556432A CN112554892B CN 112554892 B CN112554892 B CN 112554892B CN 202011556432 A CN202011556432 A CN 202011556432A CN 112554892 B CN112554892 B CN 112554892B
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- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
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- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 19
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a ventilation structure, a construction method thereof and a tunnel, wherein the construction method of the assembly type tunnel ventilation structure comprises the following steps: extending the embedded component through the positioning hole; the positioning holes are through holes which are arranged on the trolley template at intervals along the axial direction of the tunnel; pouring between the trolley template and the tunnel wall to form a tunnel lining for fixing the embedded assembly; fixedly connecting a supporting component to the corresponding embedded component; and respectively connecting two ends of the partition plate to the corresponding support assemblies, so that the partition plate and the vault lining wall of the tunnel surround to form a ventilation channel. The technical scheme of the invention aims to solve the technical problem of poor ventilation effect of the tunnel in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering, in particular to a construction method of a tunnel assembly type ventilation structure and the ventilation structure.
Background
The existing tunnel engineering mainly adopts an air pipe to supply air to a tunnel. The ductwork is often suspended from the tunnel roof or sidewalls. When the tunnel is a narrow small section, if the diameter of the air pipe is smaller, the on-way wind resistance is large, and the ventilation effect of the tunnel cannot be met; if the diameter of the air pipe is larger, the ventilation effect is poor or the tunnel construction is influenced due to the blockage of mechanical damage; and influenced by the quality of the air pipes, the air resistance friction coefficient of the branch pipes is large, the air leakage rate is high, and the ventilation effect of tunnel construction is further reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a construction method of an assembly type tunnel ventilation structure, and aims to solve the technical problem that the tunnel ventilation effect is poor in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a construction method of an assembly type tunnel ventilation structure, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s100: extending the embedded component through the positioning hole; the positioning holes are through holes which are arranged on the trolley template at intervals along the axial direction of the tunnel;
s200: pouring is carried out between the trolley template and the tunnel wall to form a tunnel lining for fixing the embedded assembly;
s300: fixedly connecting a supporting component to the corresponding embedded component;
s400: and respectively connecting two ends of the partition plate to the corresponding support assemblies, so that the partition plate and the vault lining wall of the tunnel surround to form a ventilation channel.
Optionally, before the step of extending the embedded assembly into the positioning hole, the construction method further includes:
s010: and moving the section, provided with the positioning hole, of the trolley template to the tunnel wall according to the design elevation of the partition plate, wherein a pouring gap is formed between the tunnel wall and the trolley template.
Optionally, the step of extending the embedded component into the positioning hole includes:
s101: the embedded assembly is detachably connected to the auxiliary cover plate;
s102: and connecting the auxiliary cover plate with the trolley template, so that the embedded assembly penetrates through the positioning hole and extends into the pouring gap.
Optionally, between the step of pouring between the trolley formworks and the tunnel wall to form a tunnel lining for fixing the embedded assemblies and the step of fixedly connecting the supporting assemblies to the corresponding embedded assemblies, the construction method further includes:
s210: and removing the connection between the auxiliary cover plate and the embedded assembly, and retracting the trolley template.
Optionally, the step of fixedly connecting the supporting component to the corresponding embedded component includes: s301: assembling the support assembly; the support assembly comprises a support connecting plate, a support cantilever beam and a support connecting beam; s302: and connecting the support connecting plate with the embedded assembly.
Optionally, after the step of connecting the bracket connecting plate with the embedded assembly: and coating adhesive on the support connecting beam to install the flexible pad.
Optionally, the step of respectively connecting two ends of the partition board to the corresponding support assemblies includes: the partition plate is connected with the bracket connection beam, and the partition plate and the flexible pad are in contact with each other.
Optionally, after the step of connecting the two ends of the partition to the corresponding support assemblies respectively, the construction method further includes, S500: sealing assemblies are provided at the transitional junctions of the partitions, the support assemblies and the tunnel lining to disconnect the ventilation channel and the construction channel from each other.
Optionally, the seal assembly comprises a seal plate; the step of providing a sealing assembly at the transition junction of the bulkhead, the support assembly and the tunnel lining comprises: anchoring one end of the sealing plate to the tunnel lining; the other end of the sealing plate is connected to the partition plate.
Optionally, the invention also provides a ventilation structure in a second aspect, wherein the ventilation structure is manufactured by adopting the process of the construction method of the fabricated tunnel ventilation structure.
According to the technical scheme, the embedded component extends through the positioning hole; pouring is carried out between the trolley template and the tunnel wall to form a tunnel lining for fixing the embedded assembly; fixedly connecting a supporting component to the corresponding embedded component; and connecting two ends of the partition plate to the corresponding support assemblies respectively, so that the partition plate and the vault lining wall of the tunnel surround to form a ventilation channel. Through the technical scheme: a plurality of embedded components which are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the tunnel are embedded and fixed in the formed tunnel lining, the embedded components are respectively connected with corresponding supporting components, and then the partition plates are arranged on the supporting components to form ventilation channels with the arch lining walls; the partition board is connected with the self structure (vault lining wall) of the tunnel to form a separated ventilation channel, so that fresh air is supplied and dirty air is effectively isolated, the ventilation section is greatly enlarged, the wind resistance is reduced, the maintenance frequency of the traditional branch pipe wind delivery is reduced, and the ventilation capability is obviously improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiments or technical solutions of the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a construction method of an assembled tunnel ventilation structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an intermediate auxiliary construction structure of the fabricated tunnel ventilation structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the tunnel of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 3 at A;
FIG. 5 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a tunnel of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 5 at C;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the connection of adjacent partitions of the ventilation structure of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a processing platform for the construction of the fabricated tunnel ventilation structure of the present invention.
The reference numbers illustrate:
the implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back ...) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship between the components, the motion situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the attached drawings), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.
In the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "connected", "fixed", and the like are to be understood broadly, for example, "fixed" may be fixedly connected, may be detachably connected, or may be integrated; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In addition, if there is a description relating to "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the description of "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or to implicitly indicate the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the meaning of "and/or" appearing throughout includes three juxtapositions, exemplified by "A and/or B", including either A or B or both A and B. In addition, technical solutions between the embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be based on the realization of the technical solutions by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory to each other or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.
The ventilation in the tunnel is that: (1) supplying fresh air to the interior of the tunnel engineering; (2) harmful substances such as harmful gas, steam, dust, blast smoke and the like are discharged; (3) the temperature, the relative humidity and the flow rate of the air in the engineering interior reach the specified standards. Therefore, the ventilation effect of the tunnel is very important for building tunnel engineering and existing tunnel engineering.
However, the existing tunnel mainly adopts an air duct for air supply; the air pipe is often suspended and fixed at the top or the side wall of the tunnel, particularly in a narrow small-section tunnel, and the ventilation effect of the tunnel cannot be met due to large on-way wind resistance when the diameter of the air pipe is smaller; the air pipe is large and is often damaged by machinery, so that the ventilation effect is poor or the tunnel construction is influenced; in addition, due to the influence of the quality of the air pipes, the air resistance friction coefficient of the branch pipes is large, the air leakage rate is high, and the ventilation effect of tunnel construction is further reduced.
The invention also provides a construction method of the fabricated tunnel ventilation structure, which is shown in figure 1 and comprises the following steps:
s100: extending the pre-embedded assembly 300 through the positioning hole 700a; the positioning holes 700a are through holes arranged on the trolley template 700 at intervals along the axial direction of the tunnel;
s200: pouring is carried out between the trolley template 700 and the tunnel wall to form a tunnel lining 400a for fixing the embedded assembly 300;
s300: fixedly connecting the supporting component 200 to the corresponding embedded component 300;
s400: both ends of the partition 100 are respectively connected to the corresponding support assemblies 200, so that the partition 100 and the lining dome wall 400d of the tunnel surround to form a ventilation passage 400c.
According to the technical scheme, the embedded component 300 extends through the positioning hole 700a; pouring is carried out between the trolley template 700 and the tunnel wall to form a tunnel lining 400a for fixing the embedded assembly 300; fixedly connecting the supporting component 200 to the corresponding embedded component 300; both ends of the partition 100 are respectively connected to the corresponding support assemblies 200, so that the partition 100 and the lining dome wall 400d of the tunnel surround to form a ventilation passage 400c. Through the technical scheme: a plurality of embedded components 300 which are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the tunnel are embedded and fixed in the formed tunnel lining 400a, the embedded components 300 are respectively connected with the corresponding supporting components 400, and then the partition board 100 is arranged on the supporting components 400 to form a ventilation channel with the arch lining wall 400d; the partition board 100 is connected with the self structure (vault lining wall 400 d) of the tunnel 400 to form a separated ventilation channel 400c, so that fresh air is supplied and dirty air is effectively isolated, the ventilation section is greatly enlarged, the wind resistance is reduced, the maintenance frequency of the traditional branch pipe wind delivery is reduced, and the ventilation capacity is obviously improved.
When needing to be explained, the trolley template 700 is provided with a positioning hole 700a; the positioning hole 700a is generally drilled as follows: the height and the distance are equal, the arc length of the center of the embedded part in the vertical direction is consistent with the arc length of the top of the trolley, but the embedded part cannot be positioned on the template pouring hole and the transverse rib; the center of the axial position opening is positioned at the middle position of each template, and the distance is generally 1.5 m/position.
Optionally, before the step of extending the fastener insert 300 into the positioning hole 700a, the construction method further includes:
according to the design elevation of the partition board 100, the section of the trolley template 700 provided with the positioning hole 700a is moved to the outer side of the tunnel wall, and a pouring gap is formed between the tunnel wall and the trolley template 700 a.
Note that the design height of the partition 100, i.e., the installation height of the partition, refers to: the distance of the partition 100 from the inverted arch or the bottom of the tunnel. Typically, the partition 100 is installed in the tunnel lining adjacent to the vault, as shown with reference to fig. 3. The trolley formwork 700 is an apparatus for the whole or partial concrete lining of a tunnel. The trolley formwork 700 is moved to the outside of the tunnel wall with a casting gap between the trolley formwork 700 and the tunnel wall. The thickness of the casting gap (i.e., the lining 400 a) needs to be determined according to the type of the geological surrounding rock and the burying depth of the pre-buried assembly 300. Typically, the pre-buried assembly 300 includes a pre-buried memberThe embedded steel plate 300a, the rear anchor steel bar 300b and the embedded connecting bolt 300c; the rear anchor bar 300b is connected to the pre-buried steel plate 300a, and the pre-buried connection bolt 300c is connected to the pre-buried steel plate 300a and extends out of the lining 400a. In the specific implementation process, the size of the pre-buried steel plate 300a is generally 20 to 25 to 25cm, and the thickness is 5 to 15mm; 2-4 rear anchor steel bars 300b are adopted
The twisted steel is cold-bent into a 'pi' or 'door' type steel, namely: the rear anchor steel bar 300b is prefabricated into a straight line section and a hook section; in order to strengthen the bond stress with the concrete, the embedded length is generally not shorter than 15cm, the hook length is not shorter than 10cm, namely: the embedded length of the straight line section is not less than 15cm, and the length of the hook section is not less than 10cm. The rear anchor steel bar 300b is welded with the embedded steel plate 300 a. The embedded steel plate 300a is provided with 4 embedded connecting bolt holes, the diameter of the corresponding embedded connecting bolt 300c is not less than 12mm, the length is determined according to the actual situation, but when the embedded assembly 300 is installed, the direction of the bolts is ensured to be consistent; the embedded connection bolt 300c is connected in the bolt hole and extends out of the lining 400a, so that it can be fastened to the support member 200.
Further, preferably, the longitudinal spacing of the embedded components 300 depends on the width of the partition board 100, and is generally uniform, and the axial spacing is preferably 1m to 3 m/position. Embedded parts of the tunnel section with a straight flat curve are uniformly distributed; the distance between the support embedded connecting devices at the positions of adjacent lap joints of the curve section and the gentle curve section is arranged according to the unequal distance between the inner side and the outer side of the curve radius, and the calculation is performed in advance according to the deflection.
Optionally, the step of extending the fastener insert 300 into the positioning hole 700a includes:
s101: detachably connecting the embedded assembly 300 to the auxiliary cover plate 800;
s102: the auxiliary cover plate 800 is connected to the trolley mold plate 700, so that the embedded assembly 300 extends into the casting gap through the positioning hole 700 a.
Referring to fig. 2, the auxiliary cover plate 800 is connected to the embedded assembly 300 through a threaded connection. Generally, the auxiliary cover plate 800 is connected to the embedded steel plate 300a of the embedded assembly 300 by a stud. The auxiliary cover plate 800 includes a fitting section 800a and a body section 800b; the fitting section 800a protrudes from the main body section 800b in the axial direction of the auxiliary cover plate 800; the fitting section 800a is provided with a first threaded hole, and the first threaded hole is fitted with the embedded bolt connecting hole on the embedded steel plate for connecting a threaded connecting piece. When the pre-embedded assembly 300 is pre-embedded, the pre-embedded assembly 300 is firstly connected to the side of the fitting section 800a, which is far away from the body section 800 b.
Referring to fig. 2, the body section 800a is provided with a connection hole; and the trolley template 700 is provided with guide posts; in step S202, the connecting holes are aligned with the guide posts, so that the auxiliary cover plate 800 plays an axial guiding role by the cooperation between the connecting holes and the guide posts, and the embedded component 300 extends into the embedded holes through the positioning holes 700 a. Generally, the end of the guide post away from the trolley mold plate 700 is constructed with a threaded section, which extends out of the connection hole when the step of the fitting section 800a and the step of the positioning hole abut against each other and the axial position is limited. At this time, the auxiliary cover plate 800 is fastened to the bogie plate 700 by a fastener such as a bolt. It should be noted that, referring to fig. 2, the fitting section 800a is provided with a first step wall having a step shape, and at the same time, the hole wall of the positioning hole 700a is also provided with a second step wall, and the first step wall and the second step wall are engaged with each other to be positioned with each other; and when the drawing of patterns, have the convenience and can not harm pre-buried connecting bolt.
A specific implementation process is as follows: positioning a lining trolley according to the lining position, connecting a pre-buried steel plate processed by a steel bar shed with an auxiliary cover plate through a connecting bolt, stretching a pre-buried assembly into a lining through a trolley template positioning hole 700a, and rotating and adjusting a round cover plate to enable four-limb rectangular steel pipe bolt holes welded on the auxiliary cover plate and 4 welded on the lining trolley to be pre-buried
The bolts correspond to each other, so that the connecting holes can be matched with the guide columns, and then the auxiliary cover plate of the lining trolley is installedFixing bolt for pre-buried subassembly forms fastening structure with platform truck template, round cover plate, and pre-buried subassembly 300 extends into to pour in the clearance this moment. The pre-buried assembly is welded by a Pi-shaped or door-shaped steel bar and a pre-buried steel plate with the thickness not less than 8mm, and is subjected to galvanization and zinc impregnation treatment.
Optionally, between the step of pouring between the trolley formworks and the tunnel wall to form a tunnel lining for fixing the embedded assemblies and the step of fixedly connecting the supporting assemblies to the corresponding embedded assemblies, the construction method further includes:
s210: and (3) removing the connection between the auxiliary cover plate 800 and the embedded assembly 300, and retracting the trolley template 700.
After lining concrete reaches the form removal condition, the embedded bolts of the embedded components 300 are loosened, then the fixing bolts of the auxiliary cover plate 800 and the lining trolley template 700 are loosened, then the auxiliary cover plate 800 is recovered, then the supporting rods of the lining trolley template 700 are recovered, and finally the panel is recovered and the trolley is moved out.
Optionally, the step of fixedly connecting the support assembly 200 to the corresponding fastener insert 300 includes:
s301: assembling the support assembly 200; wherein the support assembly 200 comprises a support connecting plate, a support cantilever beam and a support connecting beam;
s302: and connecting the bracket connecting plate with the embedded component 300.
Optionally, the support assembly 200 includes a bracket connection plate 200a, a bracket cantilever beam 200b, and a bracket connection beam 200c; the bracket connecting plate 200a is welded to the bracket cantilever beam 200b, and the bracket connecting beam 200c is welded or screwed to the bracket cantilever beam 200 b. In a specific implementation process, the support assembly 200 includes a support connection plate 200a, a support cantilever beam 200b and a support connection beam 200c; the bracket connection plate 200a and the bracket cantilever beam 200b are mainly connected by welding, and the bracket connection beam 200c and the bracket cantilever beam 200b may be connected by welding or bolts.
Optionally, the bracket connecting plate 200a is connected to the embedded connecting bolt 300c, so that the supporting assembly 200 is connected to the embedded assembly 300; the bracket connection beam 200c extends in the axial direction of the tunnel such that the bracket connection beam 200c is mutually abuttable against the partition plate 100 in the axial direction of the tunnel with the bracket cantilever beam 200b connected to the partition plate 100. Referring to fig. 5 to 6, fig. 5 is also a view in the direction B of fig. 3; the structural size of the bracket connecting plate 200a is generally consistent with that of the embedded steel plate 300b of the embedded assembly 300; for the support cantilever beam 200b to facilitate the bolt connection, H-shaped steel (or i-shaped steel) with a wider flange plate is usually selected, and a strip-shaped bolt hole is arranged at the position of the upper flange plate to facilitate the position adjustment and installation of the partition plate 100; the bracket connecting beam 200c is mainly composed of i-steel, and extends in the axial direction of the tunnel to be capable of abutting against the partition board 100, so as to play a role of supporting the partition board 100 and improve the pressure bearing capacity of the partition board 100. Further, the supporting assembly 200 is connected with the embedded assemblies 300 through embedded bolts 300c, and at least 2 nuts (preferably 2 nuts) are installed on each embedded connecting bolt 300c, so that the anti-loosening effect is realized. Furthermore, the partition board 100 is connected with the support cantilever beam 200b by using an elongated loose bolt, the diameter of the screw is not less than 12mm, a gasket is arranged at the position of the nut, and double nuts are arranged at the end part of the screw.
Preferably, the support assembly 200 is mounted using a forklift in cooperation with the processing platform 900. Wherein the forklift tines are no shorter than 2m in length. The processing platform 900 is divided into two parts, one part is a manual platform, and the other part is a stacking platform of a partition board and a support frame.
Preferably, the machining platform 900 is formed by welding L75 × 5mm angle steels, wherein 4 long angle steels with the length of 1.5m and 2 long angle steels with the length of 1.0m are vertically adopted, 2 angle steels with the length of 0.5m, 2 angle steels with the length of 4.0m and 4 vertical angle steels with the length of 1.5m are respectively adopted for welding the upper surface and the lower surface of the manual platform to form a cubic structure, and 2 angle steels with the length of 1.5m and 2 angle steels with the length of 4.0m and 2 vertical angle steels with the length of 1.5m and 1.0m are respectively adopted for welding the upper surface and the lower surface of the clapboard stacking platform to form a cubic structure; the manual platform is welded with a steel wire mesh with the diameter not less than 5mm on the bottom edge and the vertical long edge, so that the standing and protection effects of constructors are achieved; the material is stacked the platform and is welded 2 root 75 × 5mm angle steel in last top surface position, plays and stacks baffle support frame tie-beam and support frame and stacks the effect. In addition, in order to combine the platform and the forklift, 3 pairs of fixing buckles in the shape of a Chinese character kou are welded on the bottom of the platform in the transverse and longitudinal directions, the transverse distance of each pair of fixing buckles is equal to the width of a fork tooth of the forklift, the size of each fixing buckle is slightly larger than the maximum cross section of the fork tooth, and the fixing buckles are generally formed by butt welding of [20 steel channels.
Preferably, when the baffle support frame is installed, after the manual operation face platform is ensured to be far away from the axis direction, fork truck fork teeth sequentially penetrate through the short edge fixing buckles, then the support frame is sequentially inserted into the gap of the operation platform, then the support frame connecting beam is sequentially placed on the operation face along the short edge of the platform, and then the support frame cantilever beam is placed on the top surface of the connecting beam. In the operation personnel got into operation platform through operation platform open position, fork truck took one's place and lift the platform, then utilized pre-buried connecting bolt to carry out baffle support frame installation, carried out the construction of support frame tie-beam after the baffle support frame installation finishes, carried out the support frame tie-beam top at last and scribbled the binder and carry out the installation of elastic rubber backing plate. The length of the elastic cushion plate is equal to that of the connecting beam, the width is 3-5cm, and the thickness is 5mm.
Preferably, the cantilever beam of the clapboard support frame is also processed in advance in the steel bar shed, and two flat and long bolt holes are respectively arranged at the upper flange plate and the lower flange plate of the cantilever beam of the clapboard support frame, so that the later connection is convenient, and the bolt holes are 5cm long and 10mm wide; the support frame is connected with the steel plate, the size and the hole opening position of the steel plate are the same as those of the embedded part steel plate.
Optionally, after the step of connecting the bracket connecting plate with the embedded assembly 300: an adhesive is applied to the bracket connection beam to install the flexible mat 600.
Optionally, a flexible pad 600 is laid in a gap formed between the bracket cantilever beam 200b and the bracket connection beam 200c and the partition board 100, respectively. In a specific implementation process, the flexible pad 600 is laid on one side of the bracket cantilever beam 200b and the bracket connecting beam 200c facing the partition board 100, so that the partition board 100 and the support assembly 200 are in flexible connection, and the function of adjusting the smoothness of the partition board 100 can be achieved. Generally, the flexible pad 600 is a flexible supporting pad material such as a rubber plate or geotextile; typically, the thickness of the flexible mat 600 is not less than 5mm.
Alternatively, the separator 100 includes two stainless steel plates 100a and a corrugated plate 100b disposed between the two stainless steel plates. In a specific implementation process, the partition board 100 may have a planar structure or a cambered surface structure with a certain camber. The clapboard 100 is formed by processing a corrugated plate 100b and a stainless steel plate 100a, and the middle part of the clapboard 100a is the corrugated plate 100b which is a main bearing structure; the wall thickness of the corrugated plate 100b is generally 2-6mm, and the wave amplitude is generally 5-15cm; in order to reduce the wind resistance friction coefficient, a stainless steel plate 100a is arranged on the outer surface of the corrugated plate 100b to form a smooth surface, and the thickness is generally 1-3mm; the thickness of either the corrugated plate 100b or the stainless plate 100a depends on the amplitude, the frequency of vibration, and whether the partition is provided with a walkway or a fan installation.
Optionally, the step of respectively connecting both ends of the partition board 100 to the corresponding support assemblies 200 includes:
the partition plate 100 is coupled to the bracket coupling beam, and the partition plate 100 and the flexible mat 600 are in contact with each other.
The width of the ventilation baffle plate mainly comprises two types, one type is the width of each panel of the same lining formwork trolley, and the other type is the width of the effective panel (usually narrower than normal 10 cm) at the position where the lap joint is deducted. The partition board is produced by manufacturers and is processed by corrugated plates and stainless steel sheets.
And (5) carrying out partition plate installation construction. Processing platform 900 leans on fork truck driver's cabin side, then the fork truck prong passes fixed knot of welded on the long limit in proper order, superposes the baffle on the material platform along perpendicular tunnel axis direction in proper order again. And finally, the operating personnel enters the operating platform, the partition plate is lifted to the top of the support frame, and then the partition plate is in place.
Preferably, the partition plate support frame is connected with the steel partition plate through bolts. The bolt sequentially penetrates through the bolt gasket, the partition plate, the rubber pad and the cantilever beam bolt hole of the support frame from top to bottom, and then the anti-loosening washer and the nut are installed. The rubber pad of the cantilever beam adopts a circular rubber pad plate with the thickness of 5mm, the diameter of the pad plate is 50mm, and the diameter of the bolt hole is 10mm.
Referring to fig. 7, preferably, the partition board 100 is provided with a conical protruding portion at the middle of the long side and a concave portion at the other long side, so as to facilitate assembly of the partition boards 100; semicircular cavities with the diameter of 2-3cm are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the convex or concave part of the long edge of the clapboard 100; in order to ensure the installation tightness, spherical convex rubber strips 100c are arranged in the semicircular cavity and between the clapboards. Preferably, before installing the next adjacent partition board, the long edge end of the previous partition board is coated with an adhesive, then the spherical convex rubber strip 100c is embedded along the groove, then the surface of the spherical convex rubber strip 100c is coated with the adhesive, and finally the next partition board is installed. In order to ensure the connection tightness between the partition boards, the partition boards are tightly connected with each other, so that the elastic base plate is in a pressed state; when the gap between the partition boards is larger, a thick base plate can be additionally arranged on the spherical base plate for adjustment; when the size is too big, can paste the sticky tape in the gap between baffle and baffle, then carry out the elastomer grout and make the baffle effective connection, reduce the condition of leaking out.
Optionally, after the step of connecting both ends of the partition board 100 to the corresponding support assemblies 200, respectively, the construction method further comprises
S500: a sealing assembly 500 is provided at the transition junction of the partition 100, the support assembly 200 and the tunnel lining to not communicate the ventilation passage and the construction passage with each other.
Alternatively, the seal assembly 500 includes a seal plate 500a,
the step of providing a sealing assembly 500 at the transition junction of the bulkhead 100, the support assembly 200 and the tunnel lining includes:
anchoring one end of the sealing plate 500a to the tunnel lining; the other end of the sealing plate 500a is connected to the partition 100.
Preferably, after the installation of the partition board is completed, the sealing treatment between the partition board and the lining is performed. The sealing material mainly comprises an elastic rubber backing plate, a thin stainless steel plate and stainless steel strips, wherein holes are formed at positions 25mm away from the edges at intervals of 25-50 cm; wherein the thickness of the stainless steel strip close to the lining is 5mm, the thickness of the stainless steel strip close to the partition plate is 2mm, the thickness of the stainless steel strip close to the partition plate is 5mm, the width of the elastic rubber backing plate is 50mm, and the width of the elastic rubber backing plate is 5mm; the thickness of the thin stainless steel plate is 1mm. A rubber base plate is laid between the stainless steel plate and the partition plate, then a stainless steel strip is arranged on the top of the stainless steel plate, and then the stainless steel plate and the partition plate are tightly connected by rivets; and (3) paving a rubber base plate between the stainless steel plate and the lining, mounting a stainless steel strip on the top of the stainless steel plate, and then planting ribs on the lining wall or mounting a chemical anchor bolt for anchoring, wherein the diameter of the bolt is not more than 10mm, and the planting depth is preferably 3-5 cm.
Preferably, if there are some gaps between the thin stainless steel plate and the lining or partition, the gaps should be filled with silicone, glass cement, sealant, or the like.
Preferably, in order to ensure that the thin stainless steel plate is installed smoothly and straightly, lofting and line snapping are performed on the installation edge of the stainless steel plate before installation.
Optionally, the partition 100 divides the tunnel into the ventilation channel 400c and the construction channel 400b; the ventilation structure further includes a sealing device 500, and the sealing device 500 is disposed at the ventilation passage 400c to disconnect the ventilation passage 400c and the construction passage 400 b. In a specific implementation process, the sealing device 500 comprises a sealing plate 500a, pressing strips (a first pressing strip and a second pressing strip), rubber plates (a first rubber plate and a second rubber plate), anchor bars 500b and rivets 500d, wherein the sealing plate 500a is a steel plate (preferably stainless steel) with the thickness of 1-2 mm; the press strips (the first press strip and the second press strip) are 4-5mm flat steel, and the anchor bars are
The chemical bolt of (1); one end of the sealing plate 500a is connected with the partition plate 100 through a rivet 500, and the sealing plate 500a, the first rubber plate and the partition plate 100 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the other end of the sealing plate 500a is connected with the arch lining wall 400d through an anchor bar 500b, and a second pressing bar, the sealing plate 500, a second rubber plate 500c and the arch lining wall 400d are installed from outside to inside in sequence; in general, the reinforcement interval between the anchor bars 500b and the rivets 500d is 50 cm/position. In this way, the ventilation passage 400c and the construction passage 400b are not communicated, and the harmful gas is effectively prevented from being mixed into the ventilation passage.
Alternatively, in order to secure durability of the pre-buried assembly 300, the supporting assembly 200, the partition board 100, the concrete (lining), and the like, materials thereof should be subjected to a zinc impregnation or zinc plating process.
Based on the technical scheme, the technical problems solved by the invention are as follows: firstly, the separation type air inlet channel and the separation type air exhaust channel are formed by structurally connecting the partition boards with the tunnel, so that the isolation of fresh air and dirty air is realized, the ventilation section is greatly enlarged, the wind resistance is reduced, and the maintenance frequency of the traditional branch pipe air transportation is reduced; secondly, the unit type partition plate is utilized, the factory production of the partition plate is realized, the transportation and assembly speed is increased, and the maintenance and the replacement are convenient; and thirdly, the metal smooth partition plate is utilized, so that the weight of the partition plate is reduced, the cyclic utilization rate is improved, the construction cost is reduced, and the grabbing and waste of natural resources are reduced.
Based on the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) According to the technical scheme, the assembled and circulating ventilation partition plate structure is arranged, so that the arch space of the tunnel is utilized to the greatest extent, the ventilation section is greatly improved, and the long-distance tunnel ventilation effect is realized;
2) The invention reduces the installation difficulty, accelerates the installation speed, avoids the influence of a cast-in-place partition plate on the construction progress, and reduces the workload of ventilation and maintenance of the traditional air pipe;
3) The invention realizes the circular installation, can be quickly disassembled after the ventilation of the tunnel construction is finished, and utilizes the ventilation of the next tunnel construction, thereby improving the use efficiency.
In view of the above, the present invention provides a ventilation structure, and a process for constructing an assembled tunnel ventilation structure, wherein the construction method is implemented by referring to the foregoing embodiments. Since the ventilation structure adopts all technical solutions of all the above embodiments, at least all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiments are achieved, and no further description is given here.
The ventilation structure is applied to a tunnel 400, and the ventilation structure, as shown in fig. 3, includes:
the number of the partition plates 100 is such that,
a plurality of support members 200, both ends of the partition plate 100 being connected to the corresponding support members 200, respectively;
the embedded components 300 are embedded in the two linings 400a of the tunnel 500; the embedded assemblies 300 are connected with the corresponding support assemblies 200, so that the partition boards 100 and the arch lining wall 400d of the tunnel 400 surround to form a ventilation channel 400c.
The technical scheme of the invention utilizes the pre-embedded component 300 in the tunnel lining 400a to be connected with the supporting component 400, and then the partition board 100 and the arch lining wall 400d form a ventilation channel; the partition board 100 is connected with the self structure (vault lining wall 400 d) of the tunnel 400 to form a separated ventilation channel 400c, so that fresh air is supplied and dirty air is effectively isolated, the ventilation section is greatly enlarged, the wind resistance is reduced, the maintenance frequency of the traditional branch pipe wind delivery is reduced, and the ventilation capacity is obviously improved.
It should be noted that the pre-embedding assembly 300 of the supporting assembly 200 is pre-embedded at the same lining height position in the tunnel axis direction, and the position of the supporting assembly 200 is consistent with the designed elevation from the tunnel bottom plate or the inverted arch filling top surface, so that the installation smoothness of the partition board 100 is ensured, and the influence of the turning radius and the like on the ventilation resistance is reduced; if necessary, the slope adjustment in the installation longitudinal direction of the partition board 100 may be performed in a manner of "one straight line is determined by two points".
The invention further provides a tunnel, which comprises a ventilation structure, the specific structure of the ventilation structure refers to the above embodiments, and the tunnel adopts all technical solutions of all the above embodiments, so that the tunnel at least has all beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, and details are not repeated herein.
The above description is only an alternative embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications and equivalents made by the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields, which are within the spirit of the present invention, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A construction method of an assembled tunnel ventilation structure is characterized by comprising the following steps:
extending the embedded component through the positioning hole; the positioning holes are through holes which are arranged on the trolley template at intervals along the axial direction of the tunnel;
pouring is carried out between the trolley template and the tunnel wall to form a tunnel lining for fixing the embedded assembly;
the step of extending the fastener inserts through the locating holes includes:
the embedded assembly is detachably connected to the auxiliary cover plate;
connecting the auxiliary cover plate with the trolley template, so that the embedded assembly penetrates through the positioning hole and extends into the pouring gap;
removing the connection between the auxiliary cover plate and the embedded assembly, and retracting the trolley template;
fixedly connecting a supporting component to the corresponding embedded component;
connecting two ends of a partition plate to the corresponding support assemblies respectively, so that the partition plate and the vault lining wall of the tunnel surround to form a ventilation channel;
the step of fixedly connecting the supporting component to the corresponding embedded component comprises the following steps:
assembling the support assembly; the support assembly comprises a support connecting plate, a support cantilever beam and a support connecting beam;
connecting the support connecting plate with the embedded assembly;
coating adhesive on the support connecting beam to install a flexible pad; wherein the thickness of the flexible pad is not less than 5mm;
the step of respectively connecting both ends of the partition plate to the corresponding support assemblies includes:
connecting the bulkhead with the bracket connection beam, and the bulkhead and the flexible pad are in contact with each other; the partition plate comprises two layers of stainless steel plates and a corrugated plate arranged between the two layers of stainless steel plates, the wall thickness of the corrugated plate is 2-6mm, the amplitude of the wave is 5-15cm, and the thickness of the stainless steel plate is 1-3mm;
sealing assemblies are provided at the transitional junctions of the partitions, the support assemblies and the tunnel lining to disconnect the ventilation channel and the construction channel from each other.
2. The method of constructing an assembled tunnel ventilation structure of claim 1, wherein prior to the step of extending the fastener inserts through the pilot holes, the method further comprises:
and moving the section, provided with the positioning hole, of the trolley template to the outer side of the tunnel wall according to the design elevation of the partition plate, wherein a pouring gap is formed between the tunnel wall and the trolley template.
3. The construction method of the fabricated tunnel ventilation structure of claim 1,
the seal assembly includes a seal plate having a seal face,
the step of providing a sealing assembly at the transition junction of the bulkhead, the support assembly and the tunnel lining comprises:
anchoring one end of the sealing plate to the tunnel lining; the other end of the sealing plate is connected to the partition plate.
4. A ventilation structure, characterized in that the ventilation structure is manufactured by the process of the construction method of the fabricated tunnel ventilation structure of any one of claims 1 to 3.
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| CN111749727A (en) * | 2020-06-15 | 2020-10-09 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Tunnel evacuation air supply method, personnel evacuation method and evacuation air supply structure |
| CN111779528B (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2022-05-10 | 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Rapid Assembly formula tunnel ventilation baffle structure |
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Address after: 215000 No.10 Datong Road, high tech Zone, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province Patentee after: China Railway Construction Urban Construction Transportation Development Co.,Ltd. Country or region after: China Address before: 215000 No.10 Datong Road, high tech Zone, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province Patentee before: NO.1 ENGINEERING CORPORATION LIMITED OF CR20G Country or region before: China |