JP7357060B2 - 血管造影の改善された方法 - Google Patents
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Description
本出願は、2019年2月6日に提出され、その内容の全体が本願明細書に組み込まれている米国仮出願番号62/801,780に対して優先権を主張する。
血管の解剖学的構造および生理学的情報を抽出する方法は、心臓周波数の大きさ、位相、および干渉のパターンを分析することによって提供される。心臓周波数よりも速い速度で得られた血管造影から抽出された心臓周波数現象の時空間的再構成は、米国特許第10,123,761号に詳細に記載されており、その内容は全体が本明細書に組み込まれている。
本明細書に記載の方法は、診断上有用な血管造影を取得するために必要な造影剤の投与量を大幅に減らす方法を提供する。「診断的に有用な」血管造影は、血管造影を読む人(放射線科医など)に、意味のある臨床情報を提供する、および/または治療の決定を下すのに十分な品質のデータを提供するものである。造影剤の投与量の減少は、血管造影を受けるすべての被験者にとって一般的に望ましいが、造影剤腎症は、腎機能障害のある患者またはそうでなければ腎が脆弱な患者にとって特に問題である。一般的には、マブロマチス、「経皮的冠動脈インターベンションにおける造影剤投与量の削減の必要性」、心血管インターベンション7月号1294~1296頁(2014)を参照のこと。それゆえ、そのような患者は、血管造影画像化中の造影剤腎症を軽減または予防するために特に瞬間的方法を用いることの恩恵を被る。
血管造影で診断上有用な画像を生成するために必要なX線の線量も、患者/被験者の身体的特徴および血管造影手順の種類によって異なる。X線の線量を計算する方法は当技術分野でよく知られている。X線放射の電離性は、対象組織の有用な視覚化を生成しながら、対象(および血管造影手順に関連する医療スタッフ)へのX線の曝露を可能な限り最小限に抑えることが常に望ましいことを意味する。X線の線量という面においては、診断上有用な血管造影を作成するために必要となる線量の75%未満、50%未満、40%未満、30%未満、25%未満、20%未満、15%未満、10%未満、5%未満、または3%未満であれば、X線の線量は著しく少ない。
血管造影の信号対雑音比は、とりわけ、造影剤の投与量とX線の線量の両方に依存する。瞬間的方法は、所定の投与量の造影剤および/またはX線の線量に対して、信号対雑音比の有意な増加を可能にする。瞬間的方法では、信号対雑音比の有意な増加または改善は、造影剤および/またはX線のいずれかの量が、診断上有用な血管造影を作成するために必要となる量の75%未満、50%未満、40%未満、30%未満、25%未満、20%未満、15%未満、10%未満、5%未満、または3%未満であることを許容する。
Claims (15)
- 血管造影システムの作動方法であって、
全投与量よりも減量された造影剤を用いて哺乳動物の心臓周波数よりも速い速度で取得された該哺乳動物の血管造影データを受信し、
前記減量された前記造影剤から得られた前記血管造影データは、前記血管造影データから心臓周波数血管造影現象の時空間的再構成を含む一連の診断的に有用な画像を生成するために処理され、前記心臓周波数血管造影現象は、対応する前記心臓周波数の大きさおよび前記心臓周波数の位相を有する周期的で生理学的に干渉性を有する信号であり、
前記造影剤の前記全投与量は、前記心臓周波数血管造影現象の前記時空間的再構成を生成することなしに標的組織と周囲の組織および体液間の絶対CT減衰差を2倍に増やすのに必要な量であり、前記減量された前記造影剤の量は、前記造影剤の前記全投与量よりも少なくとも25%少ない、
ことを含む、血管造影システムの作動方法。 - 前記画像化がX線画像化である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記造影剤がヨウ素含有造影剤である、請求項1または請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記造影剤が非イオン性ヨウ素含有造影剤である、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記造影剤がガドリニウム含有造影剤である、請求項1から請求項4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記減量された前記造影剤の量が、前記全投与量よりも少なくとも50%少ない、請求項1から請求項5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記減量された前記造影剤の量が、前記全投与量よりも少なくとも75%少ない、請求項1から請求項6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記心臓周波数血管造影現象の前記時空間的再構成を含む一連の診断的に有用な前記画像が前記哺乳動物の心臓の画像を含む、請求項1から請求項7のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記心臓周波数血管造影現象の前記時空間的再構成を含む一連の診断的に有用な前記画像が、前記哺乳動物の心臓の一部または全部の画像を含む、請求項1から請求項8のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記心臓周波数血管造影現象の前記時空間的再構成を含む一連の診断的に有用な前記画像が前記哺乳動物の腎臓の一部または全部の画像を含む、請求項1から請求項9のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記心臓周波数血管造影現象の前記時空間的再構成を含む一連の診断的に有用な前記画像が、前記哺乳動物の頭蓋の一部または全部の画像を含む、請求項1から請求項10のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記心臓周波数血管造影現象の前記時空間的再構成を含む一連の診断的に有用な前記画像が、前記哺乳動物の脳、首、心臓、胸部、腹部、骨盤、脚、足、腕または手の一部または全部の画像を含む、請求項1から請求項11のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 血管造影システムの作動方法であって、
全投与量の造影剤および全線量よりも減量されたX線を用いて哺乳動物の心臓周波数よりも速い速度で取得された該哺乳動物のX線血管造影データを受信し、
前記減量された前記X線を用いて得られた血管造影データは、前記血管造影データからの心臓周波数血管造影現象の時空間的再構成を含む一連の診断的に有用な画像を生成するために処理され、前記心臓周波数血管造影現象は、対応する前記心臓周波数の大きさおよび前記心臓周波数の位相を有する周期的で生理学的に干渉性を有する信号であり、
前記全投与量の前記造影剤は、前記心臓周波数血管造影現象の前記時空間的再構成を生成することなしに標的組織と周囲の組織および体液間の絶対CT減衰差を2倍に増やすのに必要な量であり、
前記減量された前記X線線量は、前記造影剤の画像化有効量を用いて、前記心臓周波数血管造影現象の前記時空間的再構成を生成することなしに標的組織と周囲の組織および体液間の絶対CT減衰差を2倍に増やすのに必要な量である、前記X線の全線量よりも少なくとも25%少ない、
ことを含む、血管造影システムの作動方法。 - 前記減量された前記X線線量が、前記全線量よりも少なくとも50%少ない、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 前記減量された前記X線線量が、前記全線量よりも少なくとも75%少ない、請求項13に記載の方法。
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